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Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents
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ALX-350-310 Revised 03-Apr-08
3-O-Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid
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SYNONYMS AKβBA
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Antitumor Reagents
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ALX-350-310-M005   5 mg 130.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C32H48O5
MW: 512.7
CAS NUMBER: 67416-61-9
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Boswellia serrata.
PURITY: ≥99% (HPLC, NMR)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in acetone, dichloromethane, diethyl ether or DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Stock solutions are stable for up to 3 months when stored at -20°C.
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: MAY BE CARCINOGENIC. HARMFUL.

Product Description
Shows antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities. Potent non-redox, noncompetitive 5-lipoxygenase and topoisomerase I and IIa inhibitor leading to apoptosis. 10-times more potent than 3-O-acetyl-β-boswellic acid (Prod. No. ALX-350-308). Exhibits in vivo efficacy in tumor growth and inhibition.
Product Specific Literature References
Acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid induces apoptosis in HL-60 and CCRF-CEM cells and inhibits topoisomerase I: R.F. Hoernlein, et al.; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 288, 613 (1999) Abstract; Full Text
Boswellic acids activate p42(MAPK) and p38 MAPK and stimulate Ca(2+) mobilization: A. Altmann, et al.; BBRC 290, 185 (2002) Abstract
Coupling of boswellic acid-induced Ca2+ mobilisation and MAPK activation to lipid metabolism and peroxide formation in human leucocytes: A. Altmann, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 141, 223 (2004) Abstract; Full Text
Inhibition of IkappaB kinase activity by acetyl-boswellic acids promotes apoptosis in androgen-independent PC-3 prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo: T. Syrovets, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 280, 6170 (2005) Abstract; Full Text
Boswellic acids: biological actions and molecular targets: D. Poeckel & O. Werz; Curr. Med. Chem. 13, 3359 (2006), Review Abstract
Mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory actions of boswellic acid derivatives in experimental colitis: C. Anthoni, et al.; Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 290, G1131 (2006) Abstract
Potentiation of antinociceptive effect of NSAIDs by a specific lipooxygenase inhibitor, acetyl 11-keto-beta boswellic acid: M. Bishnoi, et al.; Indian J. Exp. Biol. 44, 128 (2006) Abstract
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Further Categories Containing This Product:
Natural Products - Protein Kinase Inhibitors • Antitumor Agents (Apoptosis Inducers) • Natural Products - NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors • Natural Products - Topoisomerase Inhibitors • Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors • Lipoxygenases / Related Products
 
 
ALX-350-158 Revised 13-May-08
Aloesin
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SYNONYMS Aloeresin B
NSC 631262
8-β-D-Glucopyranosyl-7-hydroxy-5-methyl-2-(2-oxopropyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents
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ALX-350-158-M001   1 mg 110.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C19H22O9
MW: 394.4
CAS NUMBER: 30861-27-9
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Aloe sp.
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: Pale yellow to brown powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO or 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
IDENTITY: Identity determined by 1H-NMR and MS.

Product Description
C-glycosylated chromone compound. Competitive inhibitor of tyrosinase. Shows weak free radical scavenging activity. Anti-inflammatory. Modulates melanogenesis (pigmentation-altering agent). Used in the cosmetic industry.
Product Specific Literature References
The distribution of aloesin in some South African Aloe species: T.J. McCarthy & L.J. Haynes; Planta Med. 15, 342 (1967) Abstract
Chromones in aloe species. I. Aloesin--a C-glucosyl-7-hydroxychromone: D.K. Holdsworth; Planta Med. 19, 322 (1971) Abstract
Aloesin up-regulates cyclin E/CDK2 kinase activity via inducing the protein levels of cyclin E, CDK2, and CDC25A in SK-HEP-1 cells: K.Y. Lee, et al.; Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int. 41, 285 (1997) Abstract
Modulation of melanogenesis by aloesin: a competitive inhibitor of tyrosinase: K. Jones, et al.; Pigment Cell Res. 15, 335 (2002) Abstract
Antioxidant, free radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory effects of aloesin derivatives in Aloe vera: A. Yagi, et al.; Planta Med. 68, 957 (2002) Abstract
Mushroom tyrosinase inhibition activity of some chromones: L.Z. Piao, et al.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. (Tokyo) 50, 309 (2002) Abstract
Aloesin inhibits hyperpigmentation induced by UV radiation: S. Choi, et al.; Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 27, 513 (2002) Abstract
Determination of aloesin and aloeresin A for the detection of aloe in beverages: M. Dell Agli, et al.; J. Agric. Food Chem. 55, 3363 (2007) Abstract
Aloeresin I, an anti-inflammatory 5-methylchromone from cape aloe: G. Speranza, et al.; Planta Med. 71, 79 (2005) Abstract
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ALX-350-331 Revised 19-Oct-07
Angoroside C
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SYNONYMS Isoangoroside C
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents
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ALX-350-331-M001   1 mg 30.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-331-M005   5 mg 120.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C36H48O19
MW: 784.8
CAS NUMBER: 115909-22-3
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from the root of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl (Figwort).
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to pale yellow powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in methanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Hygroscopic.

Product Description
Potential anti-inflammatory compound. Inhibitor of prostaglandin E2 release in mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro. Shows potent antioxidative activity in reducing the oxidized OH adducts of dAMP and dGMP. Reveals some trypanocidal potential.
Product Specific Literature References
Fast repairing of oxidized OH radical adducts of dAMP and dGMP by phenylpropanoid glycosides from Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl: Y.M. Li, et al.; Acta Pharmacol. Sin. 21, 1125 (2000) Abstract
Phenylpropanoid glycosides from Scrophularia scorodonia: in vitro anti-inflammatory activity: A.M. Diaz, et al.; Life Sci. 74, 2515 (2004) Abstract
Anti-protozoal and plasmodial FabI enzyme inhibiting metabolites of Scrophularia lepidota roots: D. Tasdemir, et al.; Phytochemistry 66, 355 (2005) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Natural Products - Antioxidants
 
 
ALX-350-312 Revised 28-May-08
(-)-Arctigenin
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SYNONYMS (3R,4R)-4-[(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]dihydro-3-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-2-(3H)-furanone
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Antitumor Reagents
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ALX-350-312-M025   25 mg 70.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C21H24O6
MW: 372.4
CAS NUMBER: 7770-78-7
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Arctium lappa.
PURITY: ≥97% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO (34mg/ml, heating, sonication); sparingly soluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C

Product Description
Lignan derivative, which shows antitumor, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and neuroprotective activities. Down-regulates anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-XL. Potent inhibitor of HIV type-I integrase and DNA topoisomerase II. Shows phytoestrogenic and cytotoxic properties against Hep62 cells.  Antagonist for platelet activating factor and Ca2+. Blocks the activation of Akt (protein kinase B; PKB) induced by glucose starvation.
Product Specific Literature References
Antiproliferative effect of Arctigenin and Arctiin: S.Y. Ryu, et al.; Arch. Pharm. Res. 18, 462 (1995)
(-)-Arctigenin as a lead structure for inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 integrase: E. Eich, et al.; J. Med. Chem 39, 86 (1996) Abstract
Immunomodulatory effect of arctigenin, a lignan compound, on tumour necrosis factor-alpha and nitric oxide production, and lymphocyte proliferation: J.Y. Cho, et al.; J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 51, 1267 (1999) Abstract
Arctigenin protects cultured cortical neurons from glutamate-induced neurodegeneration by binding to kainate receptor: Y.P. Jang, et al.; J. Neurosci. Res. 68, 233 (2002) 68, 233 (2002) Abstract
A phytochemical study of lignans in whole plants and cell suspension cultures of Anthriscus sylvestris: A. Koulman, et al.; Planta Med. 69, 733 (2003) Abstract
Naturally occurring lignans efficiently induce apoptosis in colorectal tumor cells: B. Hausott, et al.; J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 129, 569 (2003) Abstract
Arctigenin, a phenylpropanoid dibenzylbutyrolactone lignan, inhibits MAP kinases and AP-1 activation via potent MKK inhibition: the role in TNF-alpha inhibition: M.K. Cho, et al.; Int. Immunopharmacol. 4, 1419 (2004) Abstract
Arctigenin, a phenylpropanoid dibenzylbutyrolactone lignan, inhibits MAP kinases and AP-1 activation via potent MKK inhibition: the role in TNF-alpha inhibition: M.K. Cho, et al.; Int. Immunopharmacol. 4, 1419 (2004) Abstract
Identification of arctigenin as an antitumor agent having the ability to eliminate the tolerance of cancer cells to nutrient starvation: S. Awale, et al.; Cancer Res. 66, 1751 (2006) Abstract
The chemopreventive effects of Saussurea salicifolia through induction of apoptosis and phase II detoxification enzyme: K. Kang, et al.; Biol. Pharm. Bull. 30, 2352 (2007) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Bcl-2 Family Modulators • Natural Products - Nitric Oxide Pathway Modulators • Natural Products - Antiviral / anti-HIV Agents • Natural Products - Immunomodulators • Natural Products - Topoisomerase Inhibitors • Platelet Activating Factors [PAF] & Receptors / Related Products • Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents • HIV / AIDS / Related Products
 
 
ALX-460-031 Revised 24-Oct-07
Astaxanthin (crystalline)
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SYNONYMS 3,3'-Dihydroxy-β,β-carotene-4,4'-dione
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Antioxidants
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ALX-460-031-M050   50 mg 40.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-460-031-M250   250 mg 160.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C40H52O4
MW: 596.8
CAS NUMBER: 472-61-7
MERCK INDEX: 14: 855
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic.
PURITY: ≥97%
APPEARANCE: Dark violet powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in chloroform (0.05%). Insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
USE/STABILITY: Material oxidizes at temperatures above 60°C. Decomposes slowly when exposed to light and high temperatures. Material reacts with acids and may corrode steel. Use stainless steel or polylethylene equipment for mixing purposes.
HANDLING: Protect from light.

Product Description
Extremely potent antioxidant. Shows anti-inflammatory properties. Has effects on cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes.
Product Specific Literature References
Antioxidant activity of beta-carotene-related carotenoids in solution: J. Terao; Lipids 24, 659 (1989) Abstract
Astaxanthin and canthaxanthin are potent antioxidants in a membrane model: P. Palozza & N.I. Krinsky; Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 297, 291 (1992) Abstract
Antioxidant effects of carotenoids in vivo and in vitro: an overview: P. Palozza & N.I. Krinsky; Meth. Enzymol. 213, 403 (1992) Abstract
Singlet oxygen and peroxyl radicals regulate carotenoid biosynthesis in Phaffia rhodozyma: W.A. Schroeder & E.A. Johnson; J. Biol. Chem. 270, 18374 (1995) Abstract; Full Text
Haematococcus astaxanthin: applications for human health and nutrition: M. Guerin, et al.; Trends Biotechnol. 21, 210 (2003), (Review) Abstract
Astaxanthin, a carotenoid with potential in human health and nutrition: G. Hussein, et al.; J. Nat. Prod. 69, 443 (2006), (Review) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents
 
 
ALX-350-361 Revised 17-Mar-08
Auraptene
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SYNONYMS 7-Geranyloxycoumarin
7-[(2E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dienoxy]chromen-2-one
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Chemopreventive Agents
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ALX-350-361-M005   5 mg 25.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-361-M025   25 mg 75.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C19H22O3
MW: 298.4
CAS NUMBER: 495-02-3
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from citrus fruit.
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in methanol or 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
IDENTITY: Identity determined by NMR.

Product Description
Anti-inflammatory and chemopreventive compound. Exerts tumor preventive effects through apoptosis. Suppresses cell proliferation and lipid peroxidation. Acts as an agonist of PPARs. Induces phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes.
Product Specific Literature References
Citrus auraptene exerts dose-dependent chemopreventive activity in rat large bowel tumorigenesis: the inhibition correlates with suppression of cell proliferation and lipid peroxidation and with induction of phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes: T. Tanaka, et al.; Cancer Res. 58, 2550 (1998) Abstract; Full Text
Immunomodulatory action of citrus auraptene on macrophage functions and cytokine production of lymphocytes in female BALB/c mice: T. Tanaka, et al.; Carcinogenesis 20, 1471 (1999) Abstract; Full Text
Cell proliferation in cancer prevention; effects of preventive agents on estrogen-related endometrial carcinogenesis model and on an in vitro model in human colorectal cells: H. Mori, et al.; Mutat. Res. 480-481, 201 (2001) Abstract
Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of natural and semisynthetic geranyloxycoumarins: M. Curini, et al.; Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 14, 2241 (2004) Abstract
Citrus auraptene targets translation of MMP-7 (matrilysin) via ERK1/2-dependent and mTOR-independent mechanism: K. Kawabata, et al.; FEBS Lett. 580, 5288 (2006) Abstract
Citrus auraptene acts as an agonist for PPARs and enhances adiponectin production and MCP-1 reduction in 3T3-L1 adipocytes: K. Kuroyanagi, et al.; BBRC 366, 219 (2008) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
PPAR Agonists • Antitumor Agents (Apoptosis Inducers) • Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors
 
 
ALX-385-022 Revised 07-Oct-08
Baicalein
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SYNONYMS 5,6,7-Trihydroxyflavone
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Flavones
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ALX-385-022-M005   5 mg 25.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-385-022-M025   25 mg 100.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C15H10O5
MW: 270.2
CAS NUMBER: 491-67-8
MERCK INDEX: 14: 942
PURITY: ≥97%
APPEARANCE: Yellow to yellow-green crystalline powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol or methanol; almost insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: IRRITANT.

Product Description
Inhibitor of 12-lipoxygenase, leukotriene biosynthesis and the release of lysosomal enzymes. Inhibits cellular Ca2+ uptake and calcium mobilization. Inhibitor of protein tyrosine kinase in leukemia (CEM) cells. Induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Anti-inflammatory compound. Has anti-thrombotic, anti-proliferative and anti-mitogenic effects.
Product Specific Literature References
Specific action of the lipoxygenase pathway in mediating angiotensin II- induced aldosterone synthesis in isolated adrenal glomerulosa cells: J.L. Nadler, et al.; J. Clin. Invest. 80, 1763 (1987) Abstract
Inhibition of reverse transcriptase activity by a flavonoid compound, 5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone: K. Ono, et al.; BBRC 160, 982 (1989) Abstract
Biliary excretion of metabolites of baicalin and baicalein in rats: K. Abe, et al.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38, 209 (1990) Abstract
Effects of baicalein and esculetin on transduction signals and growth factors expression in T-lymphoid leukemia cells: H.C. Huang, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 268, 73 (1994) Abstract
Protective effects of baicalein against cell damage by reactive oxygen species: D. Gao, et al.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. (Tokyo) 46, 1383 (1998) Abstract
Baicalein induces a dual growth arrest by modulating multiple cell cycle regulatory molecules
: S.L. Hsu, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 425, 165 (2001) Abstract
Mechanisms in mediating the anti-inflammatory effects of baicalin and baicalein in human leukocytes: Y.C. Shen, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 465, 171 (2003) Abstract
Baicalein induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human lung squamous carcinoma CH27 cells: H.Z. Lee, et al.; Anticancer Res. 25, 959 (2005) Abstract
Biological properties of baicalein in cardiovascular system: Y. Huang, et al.; Curr. Drug Targets Cardiovasc. Haematol. Disord. 5, 177 (2005), (Review) Abstract
Baicalein inhibition of hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis via ROS-dependent heme oxygenase 1 gene expression: H.Y. Lin, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1773, 1073 (2007) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Leukotrienes Other Products • Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors • Natural Products for Angiogenesis Research • Natural Products - Protein Kinase Inhibitors • Cell Cycle Blockers & Inhibitors / Related Products • Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents • Natural Products - Antioxidants • Natural Products - Antiviral / anti-HIV Agents • Natural Products for Cell Cycle Research • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • Lipoxygenases / Related Products
 
 
ALX-350-094 Revised 24-Jul-08
Berberine . hemisulfate
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SYNONYMS Natural Yellow 18
5,6-Dihydro-9,10-dimethoxybenzo[g]-1,3-benzodioxolo[5,6-a]quinolizinium
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products with Antibiotic Activity
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ALX-350-094-G001   1 g 15.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C20H18NO4 . 0.5SO4
MW: 336.4 . 48.0
CAS NUMBER: 633-66-9
MERCK INDEX: 14: 1154
RTECS: DR9867000
PURITY: ≥98% (TLC)
APPEARANCE: Off-white to yellow powder.
SOLUBILITY: 50mg/ml soluble in methanol:water 2:1.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +20°C
HAZARD: TOXIC.
IDENTITY: Determined by IR: Identical to standard reference.

Product Description
Alkaloid which exhibits relatively weak antibiotic properties, because of its efflux by multidrug resistance pumps. The antimicrobial action of berberine is potentiated by 5’-methoxyhydnocarpin, a multidrug pump inhibitor. Lowers cholesterol levels through a mechanism different from that of statins. Upregulates the expression of liver low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) resulting in improved clearance of plasma LDL cholesterol through receptor mediated endocytosis. Possesses anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-angiogenic effects. Induces apoptosis.
Product Specific Literature References
Berberine sulfate: antimicrobial activity, bioassay, and mode of action: A.H. Amin, et al.; Can. J. Microbiol. 15, 1067 (1969) Abstract
Bacteria lacking a multidrug pump: a sensitive tool for drug discovery: P.C. Hsieh, et al.; PNAS 95, 6602 (1998) Abstract; Full Text
Synergy in a medicinal plant: antimicrobial action of berberine potentiated by 5’-methoxyhydnocarpin, a multidrug pump inhibitor: F.R. Stermitz, et al.; PNAS 97, 1433 (2000) Abstract; Full Text
Berberine is a novel cholesterol-lowering drug working through a unique mechanism distinct from statins: W. Kong, et al.; Nat. Med. 10, 1344 (2004) Abstract
The anti-inflammatory potential of berberine in vitro and in vivo: C.L. Kuo, et al.; Cancer Lett. 203, 127 (2004) Abstract
Therapeutic effects of berberine in impaired glucose tolerance rats and its influence on insulin secretion: S.H. Leng, et al.; Acta Pharmacol. Sin. 25, 496 (2004) Abstract
Berberine inhibits HIF-1alpha expression via enhanced proteolysis: S. Lin, et al.; Mol. Pharmacol. 66, 612 (2004) Abstract
Apoptosis of human leukemia HL-60 cells and murine leukemia WEHI-3 cells induced by berberine through the activation of caspase-3: C.C. Lin, et al.; Anticancer Res. 26, 227 (2006) Abstract
Berberine acutely inhibits insulin secretion from beta cells through cAMP signaling pathway: L. Zhou, et al.; Endocrinology (2008) Abstract
Berberine modifies cysteine 179 of IkappaBalpha kinase, suppresses nuclear factor-kappaB-regulated antiapoptotic gene products, and potentiates apoptosis.: M.K. Pandey, et al.; Cancer Res. 68, 5370 (2008) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Natural Products - Chemopreventive Agents • Antidiabetic Agents / Related Products • Cholesterol & Lipid Transport / Related Products • Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents • Alkaloids
 
 
ALX-350-277 Revised 03-Apr-08
Betulinic acid (high purity)
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SYNONYMS 3β-Hydroxy-20(29)-lupaene-28-oic acid
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Antitumor Reagents
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ALX-350-277-M005   5 mg 32.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-277-M025   25 mg 95.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-277-M100   100 mg 290.00 USD Add To Cart
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Product Specification
FORMULA: C30H48O3
MW: 456.7
CAS NUMBER: 472-15-1
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Platanus acerifolia (plane) tree bark.
PURITY: ≥99%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HANDLING: Keep cool and dry.
HAZARD: IRRITANT.

Product Description
Antitumor and anti-HIV agent. Induces apoptosis by activating mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). Inhibits NF-κB activation and NF-κB-regulated gene expression induced by carcinogens and inflammatory stimuli. Decreases expression of Bcl-2 and cyclin D1. Potent proteasome activator.
Product Specific Literature References
Anti-AIDS agents, 11. Betulinic acid and platanic acid as anti-HIV principles from Syzigium claviflorum, and the anti-HIV activity of structurally related triterpenoids: T. Fujioka, et al.; J. Nat. Prod. 57, 243 (1994) Abstract
Discovery of betulinic acid as a selective inhibitor of human melanoma that functions by induction of apoptosis: E. Pisha, et al.; Nat. Med. 1, 1046 (1995) Abstract
Betulinic acid and dihydrobetulinic acid derivatives as potent anti-HIV agents: Y. Kashiwada, et al.; J. Med. Chem. 39, 1016 (1996) Abstract
Betulinic acid triggers CD95 (APO-1/Fas)- and p53-independent apoptosis via activation of caspases in neuroectodermal tumors: S. Fulda, et al.; Cancer Res. 57, 4956 (1997) Abstract
Anti-AIDS agents--XXVII. Synthesis and anti-HIV activity of betulinic acid and dihydrobetulinic acid derivatives: F. Hashimoto, et al.; Bioorg. Med. Chem. 5, 2133 (1997) Abstract
Induction of p53 without increase in p21WAF1 in betulinic acid-mediated cell death is preferential for human metastatic melanoma: M. Rieber & M. Strasberg Rieber; DNA Cell Biol. 17, 399 (1998) Abstract
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis in human neuroblastoma cell lines: M.L. Schmidt, et al.; Eur. J. Cancer 33, 2007 (1997) Abstract
Activation of mitochondria and release of mitochondrial apoptogenic factors by betulinic acid: S. Fulda, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 273, 33942 (1998) Abstract; Full Text
Betulinic acid inhibits aminopeptidase N activity: M.F. Melzig & H. Bormann; Planta Med. 64, 655 (1998) Abstract
Correspondence re: S. Fulda et al., Betulinic acid triggers CD95 (Apo1/Fas)- and p53-independent apoptosis via activation of caspases in neuroectodermal tumors. Cancer Res., 57: 4956, 1997: M. Rieber & M. Strasberg Rieber; Cancer. Res. 58, 5876 (1998) Abstract
Betulinic acid: a new cytotoxic agent against malignant brain-tumor cells: S. Fulda, et al.; Int. J. Cancer 82, 435 (1999) Abstract
Betulinic acid-induced apoptosis in glioma cells: A sequential requirement for new protein synthesis, formation of reactive oxygen species, and caspase processing: W. Wick, et al.; J Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 289, 1306 (1999) Abstract; Full Text
Effects of betulinic acid alone and in combination with irradiation in human melanoma cells: E. Selzer, et al.; J. Invest. Dermatol. 114, 935 (2000) Abstract
Betulinic acid suppresses carcinogen-induced NF-kappa B activation through inhibition of I kappa B alpha kinase and p65 phosphorylation: abrogation of cyclooxygenase-2 and matrix metalloprotease-9: Y. Takada & B.B. Aggarwal; J. Immunol. 171, 3278 (2003) Abstract
Inhibition of IkappaB kinase activity by acetyl-boswellic acids promotes apoptosis in androgen-independent PC-3 prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo: T. Syrovets, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 280, 6170 (2005) Abstract
Induction of central signalling pathways and select functional effects in human platelets by beta-boswellic acid: D. Poeckel, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 146, 514 (2005) Abstract
Betulinic acid and its derivatives: a review on their biological properties: P. Yogeeswari and D. Sriram; Curr. Med. Chem. 12, 657 (2005), Review Abstract
Betulinic acid and its derivatives, potent DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors, from the bark of Bischofia javanica: S. Wada & R. Tanaka; Chem. Biodivers. 2, 689 (2005) Abstract
Betulinic acid as new activator of NF-kappaB: molecular mechanisms and implications for cancer therapy: H. Kasperczyk, et al.; Oncogene 24, 6945 (2005) Abstract
Activation and inhibition of the proteasome by betulinic acid and its derivatives: L. Huang, et al.; FEBS Lett. 581, 4955 (2007) Abstract