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ALX-270-418

Revised 16-Jun-08

Gallotannin
SYNONYMS	Tannic acid
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Other Natural Products - DNA Regulation / Transcription

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-270-418-G001		1 g	10.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₇₆H₅₂O₄₆
MW:	1701.2
CAS NUMBER:	1401-55-4
MERCK INDEX:	14: 9052
RTECS:	WW5075000
SOURCE/HOST:	Occurs in the bark and fruit of many plants, notably in the bark of the oak species, in sumac and myrobalan.
PURITY:	>95%
APPEARANCE:	Beige to light brown powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water, 100% ethanol, acetone or warm glycerol.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
SHORT TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light.
HAZARD:	IRRITANT.

Product Description

Inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG). Cytoprotective in oxidatively stressed cells. Inhibitor of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS; NOS III) and weak inhibitor of inducible (iNOS; NOS II) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS; NOS I). Induces cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. Free radical scavenger.

Product Specific Literature References

Inhibition of constitutive endothelial NO-synthase activity by tannin and quercetin: M. Chiesi & R. Schwaller; Biochem. Pharmacol. 49, 495 (1995) Abstract
The poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase inhibitor gallotannin blocks oxidative astrocyte death: W. Ying, et al.; Neuroreport 11, 1385 (2000) Abstract
Green tea polyphenols and tannic acid act as potent inhibitors of phorbol ester-induced nitric oxide generation in rat hepatocytes independent of their antioxidant properties: R.C. Srivastava, et al.; Cancer Lett. 153, 1 (2000) Abstract
Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase by gallotannin selectively up-regulates expression of proinflammatory genes: E. Rapizzi, et al.; Mol. Pharmacol. 66, 890 (2004) Abstract
Tannic acid in plant dust causes airway obstruction: D. Taubert, et al.; Thorax 60, 789 (2005) Abstract
Prominent free radicals scavenging activity of tannic acid in lead-induced oxidative stress in experimental mice: I.H. El-Sayed, et al.; Toxicol. Ind. Health 22, 157 (2006) Abstract
The efficacy of protective effects of tannic acid, gallic acid, ellagic acid, and propyl gallate against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress and DNA damages in IMR-90 cells: C.H. Chen, et al.; Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 51, 962 (2007) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

NOS Inhibitors (NOS Induction & Enzyme Activity) • PARG / Related Products • DNA Repair Other Products • Free Radical Scavengers • Natural Products - Nitric Oxide Pathway Modulators • Phenolic Acids

ALX-350-004

Revised 08-Apr-08

Thapsigargin
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Natural Products - Other Tumor Promoters

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-350-004-M001		1 mg	50.00 USD
ALX-350-004-M005		5 mg	200.00 USD
ALX-350-004-M010		10 mg	350.00 USD
ALX-350-004-M025		25 mg	690.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₃₄H₅₀O₁₂
MW:	650.8
CAS NUMBER:	67526-95-8
MERCK INDEX:	14: 9272
PURITY:	≥95% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	Clear colorless film.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO or 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light and oxygen.
HAZARD:	HIGHLY IRRITANT. HARMFUL.

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Product Description

Cell permeable tumor promoter by specific inhibition of the (sarco)endoplasmatic reticulum Ca²⁺-ATPase (SERCA). Inhibition of SERCA reveals a significant change in intracellular Ca²⁺ homeostasis and pH regulation in tumor cells. Does not increase inositol phosphates. Shows no effect on protein kinase C (PKC). Increases Ca²⁺-dependent Na⁺ influx in human platelets in a dose-dependent manner. Induces apoptosis. Stimulates nitric oxide (NO) production, contributing to hepatocyte apoptosis.

Product Specific Literature References

Brefeldin A, thapsigargin, and AIF4- stimulate the accumulation of GRP78 mRNA in a cycloheximide dependent manner, whilst induction by hypoxia is independent of protein synthesis: B.D. Price, et al.; J. Cell. Physiol. 152, 545 (1992) Abstract
Thapsigargin, a Ca(2+)-ATPase inhibitor, depletes the intracellular Ca2+ pool and induces apoptosis in human hepatoma cells: A. Tsukamoto & Y. Kaneko; Cell Biol. Int. 17, 969 (1993) Abstract
The role of calcium, pH, and cell proliferation in the programmed (apoptotic) death of androgen-independent prostatic cancer cells induced by thapsigargin: Y. Furuya, et al.; Cancer Res. 54, 6167 (1994) Abstract
Intracellular Ca2+ signals activate apoptosis in thymocytes: studies using the Ca(2+)-ATPase inhibitor thapsigargin: S. Jiang, et al.; Exp. Cell Res. 212, 84 (1994) Abstract
Role of EGR-1 in thapsigargin-inducible apoptosis in the melanoma cell line A375-C6: S. Muthukkumar, et al.; Mol. Cell. Biol. 15, 6262 (1995) Abstract; Full Text
Baculovirus p35 and Z-VAD-fmk inhibit thapsigargin-induced apoptosis of breast cancer cells: X.M. Qi, et al.; Oncogene 15, 1207 (1997) Abstract
Signal transduction of thapsigargin-induced apoptosis in osteoblast: H.J. Chae, et al.; Bone 25, 453 (1999) Abstract
Nitric oxide is involved in apoptosis induced by thapsigargin in rat mesangial cells: A.M. Rodriguez-Lopez, et al.; Cell Physiol. Biochem. 9, 285 (1999) Abstract
Thapsigargin induces apoptosis in cultured human aortic smooth muscle cells: C. Peiro, et al.; J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 36, 676 (2000) Abstract
Thapsigargin induces a calmodulin/calcineurin-dependent apoptotic cascade responsible for the death of prostatic cancer cells: B. Tombal, et al.; Prostate 43, 303 (2000) Abstract
Changes in intracellular Ca2+ and pH in response to thapsigargin in human glioblastoma cells and normal astrocytes: G.G. Kovacs, et al.; Am. J. Physiol. Cell. Physiol. 289, C361 (2005) Abstract
Thapsigargin, a selective inhibitor of sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ -ATPases, modulates nitric oxide production and cell death of primary rat hepatocytes in culture: N.K. Canova, et al.; Cell Biol. Toxicol. 23, 337 (2007) Abstract

General Information

BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION

Dissolving of 0.65mg Thapsigargin in 1ml gives a stock solution of 1mM.

General Literature References

Role of Ca2(+)-ATPases in regulation of cellular Ca2+ signalling, as studied with the selective microsomal Ca2(+)-ATPase inhibitor, thapsigargin: O. Thastrup; Agents Actions 29, 8 (1990), (Review) Abstract
Thapsigargin, a high affinity and global inhibitor of intracellular Ca2+ transport ATPases: G. Inesi and Y. Sagara; Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 298, 313 (1992), (Review) Abstract
Use of thapsigargin to study Ca2+ homeostasis in cardiac cells: T.B. Rogers, et al.; Biosci. Rep. 15, 341 (1995), (Review) Abstract
The sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump: inhibition by thapsigargin and enhancement by adenovirus-mediated gene transfer: G. Inesi, et al.; Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 853, 195 (1998), (Review) Abstract; Full Text
A tool coming of age: thapsigargin as an inhibitor of sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPases: M. Treiman, et al.; TIPS 19, 131 (1998), (Review) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Ca2+-ATPase / Related Products • Endoplasmatic Reticulum Stress • Other Natural Products - DNA Regulation / Transcription • Carcinogens & Tumor Promoters Other Products • Natural Products - ATPase Inhibitors • Natural Products - Nitric Oxide Pathway Modulators • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • Nuclear Envelope & Nuclear Transport • Autophagy Other Products

ALX-350-095

Revised 03-Apr-08

Apicidin
SYNONYMS	cyclo-L-(2-Amino-8-oxodecanoyl)-L-(N-methoxy-tryptophan)-L-isoleucyl-D-pipecolinyl
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Other Natural Products - DNA Regulation / Transcription

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-350-095-M001		1 mg	50.00 USD
ALX-350-095-M005		5 mg	200.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₃₄H₄₉N₅O₆
MW:	623.8
CAS NUMBER:	183506-66-3
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Fusarium sp.
PURITY:	≥95% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO or 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HAZARD:	VERY TOXIC.

Product Description

Potent inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC). Inhibits proliferation. Induces cell cycle arrest. Stimulates apoptosis of cancer cells. Antiprotozoal.

Product Specific Literature References

Apicidin: a novel antiprotozoal agent that inhibits parasite histone deacetylase: S.J. Darkin-Rattray, et al.; PNAS 93, 13143 (1996) Abstract
Apicidin, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, inhibits proliferation of tumor cells via induction of p21WAF1/Cip1 and gelsolin: J.W. Han, et al.; Cancer Res. 60, 6068 (2000) Abstract
Transcriptional activation of p21(WAF1/CIP1) by apicidin, a novel histone deacetylase inhibitor: J.S. Kim, et al.; BBRC 281, 866 (2001) Abstract
Broad spectrum antiprotozoal agents that inhibit histone deacetylase: structure-activity relationships of apicidin. Part 1: S.L. Colletti, et al.; Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 11, 107 (2001) Abstract
Broad spectrum antiprotozoal agents that inhibit histone deacetylase: structure-activity relationships of apicidin. Part 2: S.L. Colletti, et al.; Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 11, 113 (2001) Abstract
Structure and chemistry of apicidins, a class of novel cyclic tetrapeptides without a terminal alpha-keto epoxide as inhibitors of histone deacetylase with potent antiprotozoal activities: S.B. Singh, et al.; J. Org. Chem. 67, 815 (2002) Abstract
Apicidin, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, induces differentiation of HL-60 cells: J. Hong, et al.; Cancer Lett. 189, 197 (2003) Abstract
Activation of NF-kappaB by HDAC inhibitor apicidin through Sp1-dependent de novo protein synthesis: its implication for resistance to apoptosis: Y.K. Kim, et al.; Cell Death Differ. 13, 2033 (2006) Abstract
Apicidin, a novel histone deacetylase inhibitor, has profound anti-growth activity in human endometrial and ovarian cancer cells: T. Ueda, et al.; Int. J. Mol. Med. 19, 301 (2007) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Cell Cycle Blockers & Inhibitors / Related Products • HDAC Inhibitors • Natural Products for Cell Cycle Research • Natural Products - Other Anti-infective Agents • Parasitic Diseases Other Products • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors

ALX-350-097

Revised 16-Jun-08

Hyperforin . dicyclohexylammonium salt (high purity)
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Natural Products for Neurological Research

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-350-097-C500		500 µg	130.00 USD
ALX-350-097-M001		1 mg	210.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₃₅H₅₁O₄ . C₁₂H₂₄N
MW:	535.8 . 182.3
CAS NUMBER:	11079-53-1 (non-salt form)
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum).
PURITY:	≥97% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white powder.
PURITY DETAIL:	Contains <3% adhyperforin.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO, methanol or 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Keep under inert gas. Protect from light.

Product Description

Major constituent of St. John’s wort, a herbal remedy widely used for the treatment of depression. Inhibits the reuptake of neurotransmitters in synapses. Activator of the pregnane X receptor (PXR), which serves as a key regulator of CYP3A4 transcription, a member of the cytochrome (CYP) P450 enzyme system. Specifically activates TRPC6 channels. Represents an interesting lead-structure for a new class of antidepressants. Displays several other biological properties of potential pharmacological interest, including antibacterial, anti-inflammational, antitumoral and anti-angiogenic effects. Induces apoptosis in various cancer cells.

Product Specific Literature References

Hyperforin as a possible antidepressant component of hypericum extracts: S.S. Chatterjee, et al.; Life Sci. 63, 499 (1998) Abstract
Hyperforin attenuates various ionic conductance mechanisms in the isolated hippocampal neurons of rat: S. Chatterjee, et al.; Life Sci. 65, 2395 (1999) Abstract
Antibacterial activity of hyperforin from St John's wort, against multiresistant Staphylococcus aureus and gram-positive bacteria: C.M. Schempp, et al.; Lancet 353, 2129 (1999) Abstract
Hyperforin, a major antidepressant constituent of St. John's Wort, inhibits serotonin uptake by elevating free intracellular Na+1: A. Singer, et al.; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 290, 1363 (1999) Abstract
St. John's wort induces hepatic drug metabolism through activation of the pregnane X receptor: L.B. Moore, et al.; PNAS 97, 7500 (2000) Abstract
Inhibition of human cytochrome P450 enzymes by constituents of St. John's Wort, an herbal preparation used in the treatment of depression: R.S. Obach; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 294, 88 (2000) Abstract
St John's wort, a herbal antidepressant, activates the steroid X receptor: J.M. Wentworth, et al.; J. Endocrinol. 166, R11 (2000) Abstract
St John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.): a review of its chemistry, pharmacology and clinical properties: J. Barnes, et al.; J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 53, 583 (2001), (Review) Abstract
St John's wort: Prozac from the plant kingdom: G. Di Carlo, et al.; TIPS 22, 292 (2001), (Review) Abstract
Effect of St. John's wort on free radical production: E.J. Hunt, et al.; Life Sci. 69, 181 (2001) Abstract
Hypericum perforatum (St John's Wort): a non-selective reuptake inhibitor? A review of the recent advances in its pharmacology: P.J. Nathan; J. Psychopharmacol. 15, 47 (2001), (Review) Abstract
Aristoforin, a novel stable derivative of hyperforin, is a potent anticancer agent: M. Gartner, et al.; Chembiochem 6, 171 (2005) Abstract
Hyperforin, a new lead compound against the progression of cancer and leukemia?: C. Quiney, et al.; Leukemia 20, 1519 (2006), (Review) Abstract
Hyperforin a key constituent of St. John’s wort specifically activates TRPC6 channels: K. Leuner, et al.; FASEB J. 21, 4101 (2007) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Other Natural Products - DNA Regulation / Transcription • Pregnane X Receptor [PXR] / Related Products • Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents • Natural Products for Angiogenesis Research • Natural Products with Antibiotic Activity • Neuroactive Agents Other Products • Antitumor Agents (Apoptosis Inducers) • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • Natural Products - Antitumor Reagents

ALX-350-098

Revised 05-Apr-08

Ferutinin (high purity)
SYNONYMS	Tefestrol (high purity)
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Other Natural Products - DNA Regulation / Transcription

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-350-098-M001		1 mg	35.00 USD
ALX-350-098-M005		5 mg	100.00 USD
ALX-350-098-M010		10 mg	170.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₂₂H₃₀O₄
MW:	358.5
SOURCE/HOST:	Semisynthetic.
PURITY:	≥98%
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in acetone, dichloromethane, DMSO or ethyl acetate.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C

Product Description

Potent, naturally occuring non-steroid estrogenic compound. Agonist for estrogen receptor (ER) α and agonist/antagonist for ERβ with higher binding affinity than tamoxifen (Prod. No. ALX-550-095) for both ERs. Electrogenic Ca²⁺ ionophore inducing mitochondrial depolarisation which can be completely blocked by cyclosporin A (Prod. No. ALX-380-002), suggesting that ferutinin opens the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). In a concentration range of 1-50µM ferutinin increases the permeability of thymocytes, mitochondria, sarcoplasmic reticulum, liposomes and bilayer lipid membranes for Ca²⁺.

Product Specific Literature References

Ferutinine structure: A.I. Saidkhodjaev, et al.; Chem. Nat. Comp. 1, 28 (1973)
Ionophoretic properties of ferutinin: M.V. Zamaraeva, et al.; Cell Calcium 22, 235 (1997) Abstract
Influence of plant terpenoids on the permeability of mitochondria and lipid bilayers: A.Y. Abramov, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1512, 98 (2001) Abstract
Daucane phytoestrogens: a structure-activity study: G. Appendino, et al.; J. Nat. Prod. 65, 1612 (2002) Abstract
Terpenoids found in the umbelliferae family act as agonists/antagonists for ER(alpha) and ERbeta: differential transcription activity between ferutinine-liganded ER(alpha) and ERbeta: K. Ikeda, et al.; BBRC 291, 354 (2002) Abstract
Actions of ionomycin, 4-BrA23187 and a novel electrogenic Ca2+ ionophore on mitochondria in intact cells: A.Y. Abramov & M.R. Duchen; Cell Calcium 33, 101 (2003) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Ionophores Other Products • MPTP [Mitochondrial Transition Pore] / Related Products • Estrogen & Estrogen Receptors / Related Products

ALX-350-108

Revised 08-Apr-08

Pseudolaric acid B
SYNONYMS	Pseudolarix acid B PLAB PAB
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Other Natural Products - DNA Regulation / Transcription

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-350-108-MC01		0.1 mg	35.00 USD
ALX-350-108-M001		1 mg	95.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₂₃H₂₈O₈
MW:	432.5
CAS NUMBER:	82508-31-4
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Pseudolarix kaempferi.
PURITY:	≥95%
APPEARANCE:	Off-white to light brown solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol or chloroform.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
HANDLING:	Protect from moisture.

Product Description

Activates PPARα and the phospholipase C (PLC) signalling pathway. Stimulates peroxisomal fatty acyl-CoA oxidase activity. These effects can be blocked by staurosporine (Prod. No. ALX-380-014). Exhibits significant cytotoxic activities against numerous tumor cell lines. Binds tubulin. Inhibits angiogenesis. Reduces HIF-1α protein levels. Induces apoptosis. Antifungal.

Product Specific Literature References

Pseudolaric Acids from Pseudolarix kaempferi: B.N. Zhou, et al.; Planta Med. 47, 35 (1983) Abstract
The cytotoxic principles of Pseudolarix kaempferi: pseudolaric acid-A and -B and related derivatives: D.J. Pan, et al.; Planta Med. 56, 383 (1990) Abstract
Antifungal evaluation of pseudolaric acid B, a major constituent of Pseudolarix kaempferi: E. Li, et al.; J. Nat. Prod. 58, 57 (1995) Abstract
Pseudolaric acid analogs as a new class of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonists: M.S. Jardat, et al.; Planta Med. 68, 667 (2002) Abstract
Five new diterpenoids from Pseudolarix kaempferi: S.P. Yang, et al.; J. Nat. Prod. 65, 1041 (2002) Abstract
Antifungal diterpenoids of Pseudolarix kaempferi, and their structure-activity relationship study: S.P. Yang, et al.; Bioorg. Med. Chem. 11, 4577 (2003) Abstract
Pseudolarix acid B inhibits angiogenesis by antagonizing the vascular endothelial growth factor-mediated anti-apoptotic effect: W.F. Tan, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 499, 219 (2004) Abstract
Pseudolaric acid B inhibits angiogenesis and reduces hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha by promoting proteasome-mediated degradation: M.H. Li, et al.; Clin. Cancer Res. 10, 8266 (2004) Abstract
Pseudolaric acid B induces apoptosis through p53 and Bax/Bcl-2 pathways in human melanoma A375-S2 cells: X.F. Gong, et al.; Arch. Pharm. Res. 28, 68 (2005) Abstract
Pseudolaric acid B, a novel microtubule-destabilizing agent that circumvents multidrug resistance phenotype and exhibits antitumor activity in vivo: V.K. Wong, et al.; Clin. Cancer Res. 11, 6002 (2005) Abstract
Effect of pseudolaric acid B on gastric cancer cells: inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis: K.S. Li, et al.; World J. Gastroenterol. 11, 7555 (2005) Abstract; Full Text
Pseudolarix acid B, a new tubulin-binding agent, inhibits angiogenesis by interacting with a novel binding site on tubulin: Y.G. Tong, et al.; Mol. Pharmacol. 69, 1226 (2006) Abstract
Involvement of JNK-initiated p53 accumulation and phosphorylation of p53 in pseudolaric acid B induced cell death: X. Gong, et al.; Exp. Mol. Med. 38, 428 (2006) Abstract; Full Text
Studies on anti-tumour activities of pseudolaric acid-B (PLAB) and its mechanism of action: B. Liu, et al.; J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res. 8, 241 (2006) Abstract
Herbal diterpenoids induce growth arrest and apoptosis in colon cancer cells with increased expression of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-activated gene: J.K. Ko, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 559, 1 (2007) Abstract
Structural modification of an angiogenesis inhibitor discovered from traditional chinese medicine and a structure-activity relationship study: S.P. Yang, et al.; J. Med. Chem. 51, 77 (2008) Abstract

ALX-350-135	Rocaglaol
ALX-350-142	Rocaglamide I
ALX-350-141	Rocaglamide C

FORMULA:	C₂₉H₃₁NO₇
MW:	505.6
CAS NUMBER:	84573-16-0
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Aglaia sp.
PURITY:	≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white sticky solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol or methanol.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light.