ALEXIS Biochemicals: Polyclonal Antibody to SNAP-25

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ALX-380-030

Revised 17-Oct-07

Bafilomycin A1
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Antibiotics - ATPase Inhibitors

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-380-030-C100		100 µg	70.00 USD
ALX-380-030-M001		1 mg	210.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₃₅H₅₈O₉
MW:	622.8
CAS NUMBER:	88899-55-2
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Streptomyces griseus.
PURITY:	≥95%
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in 100% ethanol, methanol or DMSO.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light.
HAZARD:	TOXIC.

Product Description

Macrolide antibiotic that acts as a specific inhibitor of vacuolar-type H⁺-ATPase. Valuable tool for distinguishing among different types of ATPases. Inhibitor of endosomal acidification.

Product Specific Literature References

Metabolic products of microorganisms. 224. Bafilomycins, a new group of macrolide antibiotics. Production, isolation, chemical structure and biological activity: G. Werner, et al.; J. Antibiot. 37, 110 (1984) Abstract
Bafilomycins: a class of inhibitors of membrane ATPases from microorganisms, animal cells, and plant cells: E.J. Bowman, et al.; PNAS 85, 7972 (1988) Abstract
The evolution of H+-ATPases [see comments]: N. Nelson & L. Taiz; TIPS 14, 113 (1989), (Review) Abstract
Kinetic studies of chromaffin granule H+-ATPase and effects of bafilomycin A1: H. Hanada, et al.; BBRC 170, 873 (1990) Abstract
Inhibition of osteoclast proton transport by bafilomycin A1 abolishes bone resorption: K. Sundqui, et al.; BBRC 168, 309 (1990) Abstract
The cytotoxic action of diphtheria toxin and its degradation in intact Vero cells are inhibited by bafilomycin A1, a specific inhibitor of vacuolar-type H(+)-ATPase: T. Umata, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 265, 21940 (1990) Abstract; Full Text
Bafilomycin A1 inhibits the targeting of lysosomal acid hydrolases in cultured hepatocytes: K. Oda, et al.; BBRC 178, 369 (1991) Abstract
Bafilomycin A1, a specific inhibitor of vacuolar-type H(+)-ATPase, inhibits acidification and protein degradation in lysosomes of cultured cells: T. Yoshimori, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 266, 17707 (1991) Abstract; Full Text
Inhibitory effect of modified bafilomycins and concanamycins on P- and V-type adenosinetriphosphatases: S. Drose, et al.; Biochemistry 32, 3902 (1993) Abstract
Bafilomycin A1, a specific inhibitor of vacuolar-type H(+)-ATPase, blocks lysosomal cholesterol trafficking in macrophages: T. Furuchi, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 268, 27345 (1993) Abstract; Full Text
Bafilomycin inhibits proton flow through the H+ channel of vacuolar proton pumps: B.P. Crider, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 269, 17379 (1994) Abstract; Full Text
Active vacuolar H+ATPase is required for both endocytic and exocytic processes during viral infection of BHK-21 cells: H. Palokangas, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 269, 17577 (1994) Abstract; Full Text
Inositol trisphosphate-dependent and -independent Ca2+ mobilization pathways at the vacuolar membrane of Candida albicans: C.M. Calvert & D. Sanders; J. Biol. Chem. 270, 7272 (1995) Abstract; Full Text
The vacuolar H(+)-ATPase inhibitor bafilomycin A1 differentially affects proteolytic processing of mutant and wild-type beta-amyloid precursor protein: C. Haass, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 270, 6186 (1995) Abstract; Full Text
Cell-type and amyloid precursor protein-type specific inhibition of A beta release by bafilomycin A1, a selective inhibitor of vacuolar ATPases: J. Knops, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 270, 2419 (1995) Abstract; Full Text
Specific inhibitors of vacuolar type H(+)-ATPases induce apoptotic cell death: T. Nishihara, et al.; BBRC 212, 255 (1995) Abstract
Inhibition of mitogen-induced DNA synthesis by bafilomycin A1 in Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts: A.J. Saurin, et al.; Biochem. J. 313, 65 (1996) Abstract
Autophagy, bafilomycin and cell death: the "a-B-cs" of plecomacrolide-induced neuroprotection: J.J. Shacka, et al.; Autophagy 2, 228 (2006), Review Abstract
Bafilomycin A1-sensitive pathway is required for the maturation of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator: T. Okiyoneda, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1763, 1017 (2006) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

ALX-380-026

Revised 26-Jun-08

Monensin . sodium salt
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Antibiotics - Ionophores

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-380-026-M100		100 mg	25.00 USD
ALX-380-026-G001		1 g	63.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₃₆H₆₁O₁₁ . Na
MW:	669.9 . 23.0
CAS NUMBER:	22373-78-0
MERCK INDEX:	14: 6246
PURITY:	≥90%
APPEARANCE:	White to light yellow powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in chloroform or DMSO. Clear solution (5%) in methanol with heat. Slightly soluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HAZARD:	TOXIC.

Product Description

Antibiotic that functions as Na⁺ ionophore. Blocks glycoprotein secretion. Inhibits proliferation of several lymphoma cell lines through cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.

Product Specific Literature References

Monensin, a new biologically active compound. I. Discovery and isolation: M. E. Haney, Jr. & M. M. Hoehn; Antimicrobial Agents Chemother. (Bethesda) 7, 349 (1967) Abstract
Solution chemistry of monensin and its alkali metal ion complexes. Potentiometric and spectroscopic studies
: P.G. Gertenbach & A.I. Popov; JACS 97, 4738 (1975)
Undersulfated proteoglycans are secreted by cultured chondrocytes in the presence of the ionophore monensin: K. Tajiri, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 255, 6036 (1980) Abstract; Full Text
Expression of membrane IGM by a human B lymphoblastoid cell line in the presence of monensin: R.T. Kubo and M.L. Pigeon; Mol. Immunol. 20, 345 (1983) Abstract
Alteration of intracellular traffic by monensin; mechanism, specificity and relationship to toxicity: H. H. Mollenhauer, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1031, 225 (1990), Review Abstract
Monensin-mediated growth inhibition in human lymphoma cells through cell cycle arrest and apoptosis: W. H. Park, et al.; Br. J. Haematol. 119, 400 (2002) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Cell Cycle Blockers & Inhibitors / Related Products • Natural Products for Cell Cycle Research • Vesicles & Membrane Trafficking Other Products • Antibiotics - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors

ALX-804-028

Revised 12-Jun-08

Monoclonal Antibody to ADP-ribosylation Factor (1D9)
SYNONYMS	anti-ARF MAb (1D9)
PRODUCT LINE	Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY	ADP Ribosylation Factor [ARF] / Related Products

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-804-028-R100		100 µl	379.00 USD

Product Specification

SPECIES CROSSREACTIVITY:	Human Mouse Rat Dog Others
CLONE:	1D9
ISOTYPE:	Mouse IgG1
FORMULATION:	Liquid. Ascites diluted in PBS containing 0.05% sodium azide.
IMMUNOGEN:	Recombinant human ARF1 (ADP-ribosylation factor-1).
SPECIFICITY:	Recognizes human, mouse, rat, dog and hamster ARF1, ARF3, ARF5 and ARF6. Detects a band of ~21kDa by Western blot.
APPLICATION:	Immunocytochemistry Immunohistochemistry (1:500) Immunoprecipitation Western Blot (1:500) Note: Not suitable for neutralizing ARF in solution.
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Avoid freeze/thaw cycles.

Product Specific Literature References

Intracellular distribution of Arf proteins in mammalian cells. Arf6 is uniquely localized to the plasma membrane: M.M. Cavenagh, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 271, 21767 (1996) Abstract; Full Text

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Vesicles & Membrane Trafficking Other Products • Monoclonal Antibodies

ALX-804-382

Revised 21-Feb-08

Monoclonal Antibody to Hrs and Hrs-2 (A-5)
SYNONYMS	anti-HGS MAb (A-5) anti-Hepatocyte Growth Factor-regulated Tyrosine Kinase Substrate MAb (A-5)
PRODUCT LINE	Chemokines & Cytokines
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Hepatocyte Growth Factor [HGF] & Receptors / Related Products

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-804-382-C050		50 µg	290.00 USD

Product Specification

SPECIES CROSSREACTIVITY:	Human Mouse Rat Monkey
CLONE:	A-5
ISOTYPE:	Mouse IgG2a
CONCENTRATION:	1mg/ml
FORMULATION:	Liquid. In PBS containing 10% glycerol.
IMMUNOGEN:	Recombinant full length rat Hrs-2 (hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate).
SPECIFICITY:	Recognizes human, mouse, rat and monkey Hrs (HGS) and Hrs-2.
APPLICATION:	Immunohistochemistry (1:100-1:1'000) Immunoprecipitation (2µg/ml) Western Blot (1:2'000-1:3'000)
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
SHORT TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
USE/STABILITY:	Stable for 3 months when stored at +4°C.
HANDLING:	Avoid freeze/thaw cycles.

Product Specific Literature References

Isoform-specific exocytotic protein mRNA expression in hypothalamic magnocellular neurons: regulation after osmotic challenge: G. Jacobsson, et al.; Neuroendocrinology 70, 392 (1999) Abstract
The cellular and developmental expression of hrs-2 in rat: S. Tsujimoto, et al.; Eur. J. Neurosci. 11, 3047 (1999) Abstract
Hrs-2 regulates receptor-mediated endocytosis via interactions with Eps15: A.J. Bean, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 275, 15271 (2000) Abstract; Full Text
Distinct protein domains are responsible for the interaction of Hrs-2 with SNAP-25. The role of Hrs-2 in 7 S complex formation: S. Tsujimoto & A.J. Bean; J. Biol. Chem. 275, 2938 (2000) Abstract; Full Text
SNAP-25-associated Hrs-2 protein colocalizes with AQP2 in rat kidney collecting duct principal cells: A. Shukla, et al.; Am. J. Physiol. Renal. Physiol. 281, F546 (2001) Abstract; Full Text
CART: an Hrs/actinin-4/BERP/myosin V protein complex required for efficient receptor recycling: Q. Yan, et al.; Mol. Biol. Cell 16, 2470 (2005) Abstract; Full Text
Hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate (HRS) interacts with PELP1 and activates MAPK: S.K. Rayala, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 281, 4395 (2006) Abstract; Full Text

General Information

Hrs/Hgs (hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate) is a tyrosine-phosphorylated member of a protein family characterized by a conserved 3´-phosphoinositide-interacting RING zinc finger domain, the so called FYVE finger. A variant of Hrs, Hrs-2 is an ATPase that has been shown to play a regulatory role in the docking and/or fusion of synaptic vesicles to plasma membranes through a calcium-regulated interaction with SNAP-25. Hrs-2 physically interacts with Eps15, a protein required for receptor-mediated endocytosis. The Hrs-2/Eps15 interaction is calcium dependent, inhibited by SNAP-25 and alpha-adaptin, and results in the inhibition of receptor-mediated endocytosis. Immunoelectron microscopy reveals Hrs-2 localization on the limiting membrane of multivesicular bodies, organelles in the endosomal pathway. Recent data suggest that Hrs-2 acts to provide communication between endo- and exocytic processes.

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Vesicles & Membrane Trafficking Other Products • Monoclonal Antibodies • Autophagy-related Proteins [APG; ATG] / Related Products

ALX-350-003

Revised 23-May-08

Okadaic acid (high purity)
SYNONYMS	Halochondrine A (high purity) 9,10-Deepithio-9,10-didehydroacanthifolicin (high purity)
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Okadaic Acids

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-350-003-C025		25 µg	60.00 USD
ALX-350-003-C050		50 µg	110.00 USD
ALX-350-003-C100		100 µg	180.00 USD
ALX-350-003-M001		1 mg	990.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₄₄H₆₈O₁₃
MW:	805.0
CAS NUMBER:	78111-17-8
MERCK INDEX:	14: 6819
RTECS:	AA8227800
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Prorocentrum concavum by preparative flash, medium pressure and high performance liquid chromatography.
PURITY:	≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	White crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol or methanol (1mg/ml).
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
USE/STABILITY:	Use only fresh solutions.
HANDLING:	Protect from light. Packaged under inert gas.
HAZARD:	MAY BE CARCINOGENIC. HIGHLY IRRITANT. TOXIC.

Product Description

Potent inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A) in numerous cell types. Does not affect activity of acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and tyrosine phosphatase. Non-phorbol type tumor promoter. Induces apoptosis in human breast carcinoma cells (MB-231 and MCF-7) and in myeloid cells, but inhibits glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis in T cell hybridomas. Tumor promoter. Has shown contractile effect on smooth muscle and heart muscle. Significantly increases cyclin B1 expression in adult neurons.

Product Specific Literature References

Okadaic acid: an additional non-phorbol-12-tetradecanoate-13-acetate- type tumor promoter: M. Suganuma, et al.; PNAS 85, 1768 (1988) Abstract
Protein phosphatases come of age: P. Cohen & P.T.W. Cohen; J. Biol. Chem. 264, 21435 (1989) Abstract; Full Text
The structure and regulation of protein phosphatases: P. Cohen; Ann. Rev. Biochem. 58, 453 (1989) Abstract
Effects of the tumour promoter okadaic acid on intracellular protein phosphorylation and metabolism: T.A. Haystead, et al.; Nature 337, 78 (1989) Abstract
Okadaic acid: a new probe for the study of cellular regulation: P. Cohen, et al.; TIPS 15, 98 (1990), (Review) Abstract
Nonphorbol tumor promoters okadaic acid and calyculin-A induce membrane translocation of protein kinase C: R. Gopalakrishna, et al.; BBRC 189, 950 (1992) Abstract
Protein phosphatase inhibitors okadaic acid and calyculin A alter cell shape and F-actin distribution and inhibit stimulus-dependent increases in cytoskeletal actin of human neutrophils: P. Kreienbuehl, et al.; Blood 80, 2911 (1992) Abstract
Site-specific dephosphorylation of smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase by protein phosphatases 1 and 2A: M. Nomura, et al.; Biochemistry 31, 11915 (1992) Abstract
Inhibition of apoptosis in human tumour cells by okadaic acid: Q. Song, et al.; J. Cell Physiol. 153, 550 (1992) Abstract
Okadaic acid enhances human T cell activation and phosphorylation of an internal substrate induced by phorbol myristate acetate: Y. Tada, et al.; Immunopharmacol. 24, 17 (1992) Abstract
Okadaic acid inhibits glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis in T cell hybridomas at its late stage: Y. Ohoka, et al.; BBRC 197, 916 (1993) Abstract
Multiple apoptotic death types triggered through activation of separate pathways by cAMP and inhibitors of protein phosphatases in one (IPC leukemia) cell line: B.T. Gjertsen, et al.; J. Cell. Sci. 107, 3363 (1994) Abstract
Differential induction of apoptosis in human breast tumor cells by okadaic acid and related inhibitors of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A: K. Kiguchi, et al.; Cell Growth Differentiation 5, 995 (1994) Abstract
Unique features of the okadaic acid activity class of tumor promoters: H. Fujiki & M. Suganuma; J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 125, 150 (1999), Review Abstract
Okadaic acid: the archetypal serine/threonine protein phosphatase inhibitor: A.B. Dounay & C.J. Forsyth; Curr. Med. Chem. 9, 1939 (2002), Review Abstract
Mechanism of Ca2+-mediated regulation of NDR protein kinase through autophosphorylation and phosphorylation by an upstream kinase: R. Tamaskovic, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 278, 6710 (2003) Abstract; Full Text
Okadaic acid induced cyclin B1 expression and mitotic catastrophe in rat cortex: B. Chen, et al.; Neurosci. Lett. 406, 178 (2006) Abstract

ALX-350-010	Okadaic acid . ammonium salt (high purity)
ALX-350-011	Okadaic acid . sodium salt (high purity)
ALX-350-063	Okadaic acid . potassium salt (high purity)

ALX-350-003	Okadaic acid (high purity)
ALX-350-011	Okadaic acid . sodium salt (high purity)
ALX-350-063	Okadaic acid . potassium salt (high purity)

ALX-350-010	Okadaic acid . ammonium salt (high purity)
ALX-350-003	Okadaic acid (high purity)
ALX-350-011	Okadaic acid . sodium salt (high purity)

FORMULA:	C₄₄H₆₇O₁₃ . NH₄
MW:	804.0 . 18.0
CAS NUMBER:	155716-06-6
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Prorocentrum concavum by preparative flash, medium pressure and high performance liquid chromatography. Salt form generated in aqueous ammonium hydroxide-methanol solution.
PURITY:	≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol, methanol, acetone, ethyl acetate or distilled water. Dissolve first in organic solvent before diluting in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Packaged under inert gas. Protect from light.
HAZARD:	TOXIC. MAY BE CARCINOGENIC. HIGHLY IRRITANT.

FORMULA:	C₄₄H₆₇O₁₃ . K
MW:	804.0 . 39.1
CAS NUMBER:	155751-72-7
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Prorocentrum concavum.
PURITY:	≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol, methanol, acetone, ethyl acetate or distilled water. Dissolve first in organic solvent before diluting in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light. Packaged under inert gas.
HAZARD:	TOXIC. MAY BE CARCINOGENIC. HIGHLY IRRITANT.