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Na+ Channels
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ALX-210-291/1 Revised 20-Nov-08 New product
Polyclonal Antibody to Epithelial Cell Sodium Channel α
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SYNONYMS anti-α-ENaC PAb
PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY Na+ Channels
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ALX-210-291/1-C100   100 µg 456.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SPECIES CROSSREACTIVITY:
Human
Mouse
Rat
SOURCE/HOST: From rabbit.
CONCENTRATION: 1mg/ml.
PURITY DETAIL: Epitope-affinity purified.
FORMULATION: Liquid. In PBS containing 1mg/ml BSA and 0.05% sodium azide.
IMMUNOGEN: Synthetic peptide corresponding to aa 20-42 (L20MKGNKREEQGL
GPEPAAPQQPT42C) of human α-ENAC (epithelial cell sodium channel α).
SPECIFICITY: Recognizes human, mouse and rat α-ENaC. Detects bands of ~97kDa (glycosylated form) and ~75kDa (unglycosylated form) by Western blot.
APPLICATION: Western Blot (1:250)
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Avoid freeze/thaw cycles.
BLOCKING PEPTIDE: For Blocking Peptide see Prod. No. ALX-155-035.
General Information
Epithelial sodium channels are amiloride-sensitive members of the degenerin/epithelial sodium channel (Deg/ENaC) superfamily of ion channels. Members of this superfamily of ion channels share organizational similarity in that they all possess two short intracellular amino and carboxyl termini, two short membrane-spanning segments, and a large extracellular loop domain with a conserved cysteine-rich region. There are 3 homologous isoforms of the EnaC (α, β and γ) protein. ENaC in the kidney, lung, and colon plays an essential role in transepithelial Na+ and fluid balance. ENaC also mediates aldosterone-dependent (Prod.No. ALX-804-099) sodium reabsorption in the distal nephron of the kidney, thus regulating blood pressure. ENaC is thought to be regulated, in part, through association with the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (Prod.No. ALX-804-214) chloride ion channel. Gain-of-function mutations in β- or γ-ENaC can cause severe arterial hypertension (Liddle’s syndrome) and loss-of-function mutations in α- or β-ENaC pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA-1).
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Polyclonal Antibodies
 
 
ALX-210-299 Revised 16-Feb-05
Polyclonal Antibody to γ-Epithelial Cell Sodium Channel (rat)
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SYNONYMS anti-γ-ENaC (rat)  PAb
PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY Na+ Channels
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ALX-210-299-C100   100 µg 379.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SPECIES CROSSREACTIVITY:
Rat
SOURCE/HOST: From rabbit.
CONCENTRATION: 1mg/ml.
FORMULATION: Liquid. Epitope-affinity purified IgG containing 1mg/ml BSA and 0.05% sodium azide in PBS.
IMMUNOGEN: Synthetic peptide corresponding to aa 630-649 (L630RLERAFSNQLTDTQMLDEL649) of human ENaCγ (epithelial cell sodium channel γ).
SPECIFICITY: Recognizes rat ENaCγ. Binds specifically to the unglycosylated, ~75kDa protein.
APPLICATION: Immunoprecipitation.
Note: Not suitable for Western blot.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Avoid freeze/thaw cycles.
BLOCKING PEPTIDE: For Blocking Peptide see Prod. No. ALX-155-034.
Product Description
Epithelial sodium channels are amiloride-sensitive members of the degenerin/epithelial sodium channel (Deg/ENaC) superfamily of ion channels. Members of this superfamily of ion channels share organizational similarity in that they all possess two short intracellular amino and carboxyl termini, two short membrane spanning segments, and a large extracellular loop with a conserved cysteine-rich region. There are three homologous isoforms of the ENaC (α, β and γ) protein. ENaC in the kidney, lung, and colon plays an essential role in transepithelial Na+ and fluid balance. ENaC also mediates aldosterone-dependent (see Prod.No. 804-099) sodium reabsorption in the distal nephron of the kidney, thus regulating blood pressure. ENaC is thought to be regulated, in part, through association with the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR, see Prod.No. 804-214) chloride ion channel. Gain-of-function mutations in β- or γ-ENaC can cause sever arterial hypertension (Liddel's syndrome) and loss-of-function mutations in α- β-ENaC pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA-1).
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Polyclonal Antibodies
 
 
ALX-210-300 Revised 16-Feb-05
Polyclonal Antibody to β-Epithelial Cell Sodium Channel (rat)
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SYNONYMS anti-β-ENaC (rat) PAb
PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY Na+ Channels
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ALX-210-300-C100   100 µg 379.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SPECIES CROSSREACTIVITY:
Rat
SOURCE/HOST: From rabbit.
CONCENTRATION: 1mg/ml.
FORMULATION: Liquid. Epitope-affinity purified IgG containing 1mg/ml BSA and 0.05% sodium azide in PBS.
IMMUNOGEN: Synthetic peptide corresponding to aa 619-640 (CN619YDSLRLQPL
DVIESDSEGDAI640) of human ENaCβ (epithelial sodium channel β).
SPECIFICITY: Recognizes rat ENaCβ. Binds specifically to the unglycosylated, ~75kDa protein.
APPLICATION: Immunoprecipitation.
Note: Not suitable for Western blot.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Avoid freeze/thaw cycles.
BLOCKING PEPTIDE: For Blocking Peptide see Prod. No. ALX-155-036.
Product Description
Epithelial sodium channels are amiloride-sensitive members of the degenerin/epithelial sodium channel (Deg/ENaC) superfamily of ion channels. Members of this superfamily of ion channels share organizational similarity in that they all possess two short intracellular amino and carboxyl termini, two short membrane spanning segments, and a large extracellular loop with a conserved cysteine-rich region. There are three homologous isoforms of the ENaC (α, β and γ) protein. ENaC in the kidney, lung, and colon plays an essential role in trans-epithelial Na+ and fluid balance. ENaC also mediates aldosterone-dependent (see Prod.No. 804-099) sodium reabsorption in the distal nephron of the kidney, thus regulating blood pressure. ENaC is thought to be regulated, in part, through association with the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (see Prod.No. 804-214) chloride ion channel. Gain-of-function mutations in β- or γ-ENaC can cause sever arterial hypertension (Liddel's syndrome) and loss-of-function mutations in α- β-ENaC pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA-1).
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Polyclonal Antibodies
 
 
ALX-350-019 Revised 16-Oct-08
(+)-Brefeldin A
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SYNONYMS BFA
Ascotoxin
Decumbin
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors
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ALX-350-019-M005   5 mg 80.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-019-M010   10 mg 130.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-019-M025   25 mg 270.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-019-M050   50 mg 420.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C16H24O4
MW: 280.4
CAS NUMBER: 20350-15-6
MERCK INDEX: 14: 1369
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Eupenicillium brefeldianum.
PURITY: ≥97% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO, methanol, acetone or ethyl acetate.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: HARMFUL.

Product Description
Inhibitor of intracellular protein transport and protein secretion, interfering with trafficking in the trans-Golgi network, leading to the accumulation of cycling proteins in ERGIC clusters. Blocks ADP-ribosylation factor (Arf) in an inactive GDP-bound conformation and thereby prevents binding of COPI coats to ERGIC and Golgi membranes. Upon brefeldin A treatment the Golgi rapidly tubulates and fuses with the ER by an energy-, temperature-, and microtubule-dependent process. In contrast, the drug has little effect on the ERGIC, which keeps its identity, although the ERGIC clusters become larger and more uniformly distributed in the cytoplasm of the cells. Inhibits intracellular collagen degradation. Also inhibits apical Na+ channels in epithelia. Induces apoptosis.
Product Specific Literature References
Decumbin, a new compound from a species of Penicillium: V.L. Singleton, et al.; Nature 181, 1072 (1958)
Über die Isolierung neuer Stoffwechselprodukte aus Penicillium brefeldianum Dodge.: E. Harri, et al.; Helv. Chim. Acta 46, 1235 (1963)
Novel blockade by brefeldin A of intracellular transport of secretory proteins in cultured rat hepatocytes: Y. Misumi, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 261, 11398 (1986) Abstract; Full Text
Brefeldin A causes disassembly of the Golgi complex and accumulation of secretory proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum: T. Fujiwara, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 263, 18545 (1988) Abstract; Full Text
Brefeldin A, thapsigargin, and AIF4- stimulate the accumulation of GRP78 mRNA in a cycloheximide dependent manner, whilst induction by hypoxia is independent of protein synthesis: B.D. Price, et al.; J. Cell. Physiol. 152, 545 (1992) Abstract
Brefeldin A and the endocytic pathway. Possible implications for membrane traffic and sorting: W. Hunziker, et al.; FEBS Lett. 307, 93 (1992), (Review) Abstract
Brefeldin A inhibits degradation as well as production and secretion of collagen in human lung fibroblasts: C.R. Ripley, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 268, 3677 (1993) Abstract
Brefeldin A is a potent inducer of apoptosis in human cancer cells independently of p53: R.G. Shao, et al.; Exp. Cell Res. 227, 190 (1996) Abstract
Brefeldin A inhibition of apical Na+ channels in epithelia: R.S. Fisher, et al.; Am. J. Physiol. 270, C138 (1996) Abstract
Brefeldin A: deciphering an enigmatic inhibitor of secretion: A. Nebenfuhr, et al.; Plant Physiol. 130, 1102 (2002), Review Abstract
NKT cells provide help for dendritic cell-dependent priming of MHC class I-restricted CD8+ T cells in vivo: D. Stober, et al.; J. Immunol. 170, 2540 (2003) Abstract; Full Text
Interaction of BIG2, a brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein, with exocyst protein Exo70: K.F. Xu, et al.; PNAS 102, 2784 (2005) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
ADP Ribosylation Factor [ARF] / Related Products • Golgi Apparatus • Collagen / Related Products • Na+ Channels • Antitumor Antibiotics • Antitumor Agents (Apoptosis Inducers) • Antibiotics - Antiviral / Anti-HIV • Antibiotics - Antifungal • Autophagy Other Products
 
 
ALX-350-307 Revised 05-Apr-08
Gonyautoxin 2/3 Epimers
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Neurotoxins
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ALX-350-307-C010   10 µg 230.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C10H17N7O8S
MW: 395.4
CAS NUMBER: 60508-89-6 (GTX II); 60537-65-7 (GTX III)
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Alexandrium tamarense.
CONCENTRATION: ~5.08µg/ml (GTX II); ~1.96µg/ml (GTX III)
PURITY: ≥95%
APPEARANCE: Liquid. Solution in 0.3M acetic acid.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: TOXIC.

Product Description
Neurotoxin. Epimeric mixture of gonyautoxin 2 (GTX II, C-11α-hydroxysaxitoxinsulfate) and gonyautoxin 3 (GTX III, C-11β-hydroxysaxitoxinsulfate). Equally potent and selective Na+ channel blockers.
Product Specific Literature References
Letter: Structures of gonyautoxin II and III from the East Coast toxic dinoflagellate Gonyaulax tamarensis: Y. Shimizu, et al.; JACS 98, 5414 (1976) Abstract
Gonyautoxin associated with RNA-containing fraction in the toxic scallop digestive gland: M. Kodama, et al.; J. Biochem. 92, 105 (1982) Abstract
Structure and function of voltage-gated sodium channels: E. Marban, et al.; J. Physiol. 508 (Pt 3), 647 (1998) Abstract; Full Text
Toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of gonyautoxins after an oral toxin dose in cats: D. Andrinolo, et al.; Toxicon 40, 699 (2002) Abstract
The gonyautoxin 2/3 epimers reduces anal tone when injected in the anal sphincter of healthy adults: R. Garrido, et al.; Biol. Res. 37, 395 (2004) Abstract
Gonyautoxin: new treatment for healing acute and chronic anal fissures: R. Garrido, et al.; Dis. Colon Rectum 48, 335 (2005) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Na+ Channels • Marine Natural Products
 
 
ALX-440-043 Revised 07-Jun-05
Triamterene
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SYNONYMS 6-Phenyl-2,4,7-pteridinetriamine
PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY Na+ Channels
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ALX-440-043-G005   5 g 25.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C12H11N7
MW: 253.3
CAS NUMBER: 396-01-0
MERCK INDEX: 14: 9599
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: Yellow solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in formic acid (50 mg/ml; warm); also soluble in DMSO; insoluble in water. 
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +20°C

Product Description
Na+ channel blocker. Diuretic.
 
 
ALX-550-212 Revised 17-Jan-05
Amiloride . hydrochloride
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SYNONYMS 3,5-Diamino-N-(aminoiminomethyl)-6-chloropyrazinecarboxamide . HCl
PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY Na+ Channels
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ALX-550-212-G001   1 g 23.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C6H8ClN7O . HCl
MW: 229.6 . 36.5
CAS NUMBER: 2016-88-8
MERCK INDEX: 14: 406
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: Light yellow solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO or water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +20°C
HAZARD: TOXIC.

Product Description
Epithelial Na+ channel inhibitor [1]. Selective T-type Ca2+ channel blocker [2].
Product Specific Literature References
[1] Amiloride and its analogs as tools in the study of ion transport: T.R. Kleyman and E.J. Kragoe Jr.; J. Membr. Biol. 105, 1 (1988) Abstract
[2] Amiloride selectively blocks the low threshold (T) calcium channel: C.-M. Tang, et al.; Science 240, 213 (1988) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Ca2+ Channels (T-type) • Imidazoline Binding Site Ligands
 
 
ALX-550-232 Revised 13-May-08
Aconitine
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SYNONYMS (1α,3α,6α,14α,15α,16β)-20-Ethyl-1,6,16-trimethoxy-4-(methoxymethyl)aconitane-3,8,13,14,15-pentol 8-acetate 14-benzoate
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Neurotoxins
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ALX-550-232-M025   25 mg 45.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C34H47NO11
MW: 645.7
CAS NUMBER: 302-27-2
MERCK INDEX: 14: 118
RTECS: AR5960000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Aconitum karacolium.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol (35mg/ml); almost insoluble in water (0.3mg/ml).
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: VERY TOXIC.

Product Description
A lipid-soluble neurotoxin that acts as a sodium channel modulator. Blocks tetrodotoxin-sensitive Na+ channels. Potent neurotoxin.
Product Specific Literature References
Non-quantal acetylcholine release at mouse neuromuscular junction: effects of elevated quantal release and aconitine: S.P. Yu & W. Van der Kloot; Neurosci. Lett. 117, 111 (1990) Abstract
Synthesis and activity of a potent N-methyl-D-aspartic acid agonist, trans-1-aminocyclobutane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid, and related phosphonic and carboxylic acids: M. Muroi, et al.; Neuropharmacology 29, 567 (1990) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Na+ Channels • Alkaloids
 
 
ALX-550-235 Revised 08-Aug-08
Benzamil . hydrochloride
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SYNONYMS Benzylamiloride . HCl
N-(Benzylamidino)-3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazinecarboxamide . HCl
PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY Na+ Channels
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ALX-550-235-M005   5 mg 25.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-550-235-M025   25 mg 95.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C13H14ClN7O . HCl
MW: 319.8 . 36.5
CAS NUMBER: 2898-76-2
PURITY: ≥98% (TLC)
APPEARANCE: Yellow solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water or methanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
USE/STABILITY: Stock solutions are stable for up to 3 months when stored at -20°C.
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: IRRITANT.

Product Description
Derivative of amiloride (Prod. No. ALX-550-212). Potent Na+ channel blocker.
Product Specific Literature References
Amiloride and its analogs as tools in the study of ion transport: T.R. Kleyman & E.J. Cragoe, Jr; J. Membr. Biol. 105, 1 (1988) Abstract
Structure-activity relations of amiloride and its analogues in blocking the mechanosensitive channel in Xenopus oocytes: J.W. Lane, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 106, 283 (1992) Abstract
Modulation of cardiac performance by amiloride and several selected derivatives of amiloride: G.N. Pierce, et al.; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 265, 1280 (1993) Abstract
 
 
ALX-550-238 Revised 03-Feb-05
Bumetanide
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SYNONYMS Ro 10-6338
3-(Aminosulfonyl)-5-(butylamino)-4-phenoxybenzoic acid
PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY Na+ Channels
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ALX-550-238-M500   500 mg 40.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-550-238-G001   1 g 60.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C17H20N2O5S
MW: 364.4
CAS NUMBER: 28395-03-1
MERCK INDEX: 14: 1484
PURITY: ≥99%
APPEARANCE: White solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in ethanol or DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +20°C
HAZARD: TOXIC.

Product Description
Specific inhibitor of Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransport and is used clinically as a diuretic. Shows high affinity and specific binding to membranes of many cell types.
Product Specific Literature References
Characteristics and functions of Na-K-Cl cotransport in epithelial tissues: S.M. O'Grady, et al.; Am. J. Physiol. 253, C177 (1987) Abstract
Effect of