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ALX-270-073

Revised 15-Dec-06

1400W . dihydrochloride
SYNONYMS	N-(3-(Aminomethyl)benzyl)acetamidine . 2HCl
PRODUCT LINE	Nitric Oxide Pathway
PRODUCT CATEGORY	NOS Inhibitors (NOS Induction & Enzyme Activity)

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-270-073-M005		5 mg	50.00 USD
ALX-270-073-M025		25 mg	190.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₁₀H₁₅N₃ . 2HCl
MW:	177.3 . 73.0
PURITY:	≥98%
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water, methanol or DMSO.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
HANDLING:	Hygroscopic.

Product Description

Highly selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS/NOS II) in vitro and in vivo.

Product Specific Literature References

1400W is a slow, tight binding, and highly selective inhibitor of inducible nitric-oxide synthase in vitro and in vivo: E.P. Garvey, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 272, 4959 (1997) Abstract; Full Text
Selective inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibits tumor growth in vivo: studies with 1400W, a novel inhibitor: L.L. Thomsen, et al.; Cancer Res. 57, 3300 (1997) Abstract
Actions of isoform-selective and non-selective nitric oxide synthase inhibitors on endotoxin-induced vascular leakage in rat colon: F. Laszlo & B.J.R. Whittle; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 334, 99 (1997) Abstract
The inhibitory potency and selectivity of arginine substrate site nitric-oxide synthase inhibitors is solely determined by their affinity toward the different isoenzymes: R. Boer, et al.; Mol. Pharmacol. 58, 1026 (2000) Abstract; Full Text
Nitric oxide synthases: structure, function and inhibition: W.K. Alderton, et al.; Biochem. J. 357, 593 (2001), Review Abstract; Full Text
Nitric Oxide Ameliorates Hydrophobic Bile Acid-induced Apoptosis in Isolated Rat Hepatocytes by Non-mitochondrial Pathways: E. Gumpricht, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 277, 25823 (2002) Abstract; Full Text
Structural basis for the specificity of the nitric-oxide synthase inhibitors W1400 and Nomega-propyl-L-Arg for the inducible and neuronal isoforms: R. Fedorov, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 278, 45818 (2003) Abstract; Full Text
Increased vasoconstriction to noradrenaline by 1400W, inhibitor of iNOS, in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes: X. Cheng & C.C. Pang; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 484, 263 (2004) Abstract
1400W, a potent selective inducible NOS inhibitor, improves histopathological outcome following traumatic brain injury in rats: M. Jafarian-Tehrani, et al.; Nitric Oxide 12, 61 (2005) Abstract
Addition of nitric oxide donor S-nitroso-N-acetylcysteine to selective iNOS inhibitor 1400W further improves contractile function in reperfused skeletal muscle: J.U. Barker, et al.; Microsurgery 25, 338 (2005) Abstract
Effects of 1400W, a potent selective inducible NOS inhibitor, on histamine- and leukotriene D4-induced relaxation of isolated guinea pig nasal mucosa: Y. Chiba, et al.; Nitric Oxide 15, 142 (2006) Abstract

ALX-550-001

Revised 20-Jun-07

Agmatine . sulfate
SYNONYMS	1-Amino-4-guanidinobutane . sulfate 4-(Aminobutyl)guanidine . sulfate
PRODUCT LINE	Neurobiology
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Imidazoline Binding Site Ligands

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-550-001-M100		100 mg	22.00 USD
ALX-550-001-M500		500 mg	44.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₅H₁₄N₄. H₂SO₄
MW:	130.2 . 98.1
CAS NUMBER:	2482-00-0
MERCK INDEX:	14: 188
PURITY:	≥97%
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C

Product Description

Decarboxylation product of L-arginine. Endogenous clonidine-displacing substance in the brain. Putative endogenous neurotransmitter at imidazoline receptors. Antagonist of NMDA receptor. Endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Antiproliferative by its suppresive effect on polyamine.

Product Specific Literature References

Agmatine: an endogenous clonidine-displacing substance in the brain: G. Li, et al.; Science 263, 966 (1994) Abstract
Selective inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase by agmatine: M. Auguet, et al.; Jpn. J. Pharmacol. 69, 285 (1995) Abstract
Inhibition of mammalian nitric oxide synthases by agmatine, an endogenous polyamine formed by decarboxylation of arginine: E. Galea, et al.; Biochem. J. 316, 247 (1996) Abstract; Full Text
An emerging role for agmatine: J. Satriano, et al.; Kidney Int. 56, 1252 (1999), (Review) Abstract
Is agmatine a novel neurotransmitter in brain?: D.J. Reis & S. Regunathan; Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 21, 187 (2000) Abstract
Agmatine suppresses nitric oxide production in microglia: K. Abe, et al.; Brain Res. 872, 141 (2000) Abstract
Agmatine enhances the NADPH oxidase activity of neuronal NO synthase and leads to oxidative inactivation of the enzyme: D.R. Demady, et al.; Mol. Pharmacol. 59, 24 (2001) Abstract; Full Text
Regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase and agmatine synthesis in macrophages and astrocytes: S. Regunathan & J.E. Piletz; Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1009, 20 (2003) Abstract
Agmatine: at the crossroads of the arginine pathways: J. Satriano; Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1009, 34 (2003), (Review) Abstract
Agmatine signaling: odds and threads: R. Berkels, et al.; Cardiovasc. Drug Rev. 22, 7 (2004), (Review) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

NOS Inhibitors (NOS Induction & Enzyme Activity) • NMDA Receptors / Related Products

ALX-350-329

Revised 21-May-08

Allicin
SYNONYMS	2-Propene-1-sulfinothioic acid S-2-propenyl ester Diallyl thiosulfinate
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Natural Products - Antioxidants

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-350-329-M001		1 mg	200.00 USD
ALX-350-329-M005		5 mg	690.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₆H₁₀OS₂
MW:	162.3
CAS NUMBER:	539-86-6
MERCK INDEX:	14: 261
SOURCE/HOST:	Synthetic.
PURITY:	≥98%
APPEARANCE:	Clear to slightly yellow liquid.
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C

Product Description

Active metabolite of garlic. Exhibits antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiproliferative, chemopreventive, antihyperlipidaemic and antihypertensive effects. Inhibits telomerase activity. Induces apoptosis. Also inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS; NOS II) expression.

Product Specific Literature References

Allicin from garlic strongly inhibits cysteine proteinases and cytopathic effects of Entamoeba histolytica: S. Ankri, et al.; Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 41, 2286 (1997) Abstract
Effect of allicin and ajoene, two compounds of garlic, on inducible nitric oxide synthase: V.M. Dirsch, et al.; Atherosclerosis 139, 333 (1998) Abstract
Antimicrobial properties of allicin from garlic: S. Ankri & D. Mirelman; Microbes Infect. 1, 125 (1999), Review Abstract
Effect of purified allicin, the major ingredient of freshly crushed garlic, on cancer cell proliferation: K. Hirsch, et al.; Nutr. Cancer 38, 245 (2000) Abstract
The effects of allicin and enalapril in fructose-induced hyperinsulinemic hyperlipidemic hypertensive rats: A. Elkayam, et al.; Am. J. Hypertens. 14, 377 (2001) Abstract
Effects of allicin on both telomerase activity and apoptosis in gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells: L. Sun & X. Wang; World J. Gastroenterol. 9, 1930 (2003) Abstract
Allicin (from garlic) induces caspase-mediated apoptosis in cancer cells: S. Oommen, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 485, 97 (2004) Abstract
Antibacterial activity of a new, stable, aqueous extract of allicin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: R.R. Cutler & P. Wilson; Br. J. Biomed. Sci. 61, 71 (2004) Abstract
The pungency of garlic: activation of TRPA1 and TRPV1 in response to allicin: L.J. Macpherson, et al.; Curr. Biol. 15, 929 (2005) Abstract
An overview of the antifungal properties of allicin and its breakdown products--the possibility of a safe and effective antifungal prophylactic: S.R. Davis; Mycoses 48, 95 (2005), Review Abstract
Thiolsulfinate allicin from garlic: inspiration for a new antimicrobial agent: R. Hunter, et al.; Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1056, 234 (2005), Review Abstract
The antioxidant properties of garlic compounds: allyl cysteine, alliin, allicin, and allyl disulfide: L.Y. Chung; J. Med. Food 9, 205 (2006) Abstract
Effect of raw garlic vs commercial garlic supplements on plasma lipid concentrations in adults with moderate hypercholesterolemia: a randomized clinical trial: C.D. Gardner, et al.; Arch. Intern. Med. 167, 346 (2007) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Active Substances from Fruit and Vegetables • Antitumor Agents (Anti-proliferative) • TRPV1 Agonists and Antagonists / Related Products • NOS Inhibitors (NOS Induction & Enzyme Activity) • Natural Products - Nitric Oxide Pathway Modulators • Natural Products - Chemopreventive Agents • Natural Products with Antibiotic Activity • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors

ALX-340-032

Revised 04-Jul-08

AM 404
SYNONYMS	N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-5Z,8Z,11Z-eicosatetraenamide N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)arachidonoylamide
PRODUCT LINE	Neurobiology
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Anandamide & Anandamide Analogs

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-340-032-M005		5 mg	40.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₂₆H₃₇NO₂
MW:	395.6
CAS NUMBER:	198022-70-7
PURITY:	≥98%
APPEARANCE:	Waxy solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO or 100% ethanol (>25mg/ml).
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
USE/STABILITY:	Stable for up to one year after receipt when stored at -20°C. Solutions are stable for up to 3 months when stored at -20°C under an inert atmosphere of nitrogen or argon.
HANDLING:	Protect from air.

Product Description

Analog of anandamide (Prod. No. ALX-340-029). Potentiates the activity of endogenous anandamide by blocking its re-uptake into presynaptic membranes. Activates TRPV1 (EC₅₀=0.04µM) at concentrations lower than those required to inhibit anandamide transport into the cell (neuronal (C6 glioma cells): IC₅₀=10µM; non-neuronal (rat RBL-2H3 cells): IC₅₀=11µM). Low affinity to FAAH (IC₅₀=5.9µM), to CB₁ receptor (IC₅₀=1.76µM) and to CB₂ receptor (IC₅₀>1µM).

Product Specific Literature References

Potentiation of anandamide hypotension by the transport inhibitor, AM404: A. Calignano, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 337, R1 (1997) Abstract
Functional role of high-affinity anandamide transport, as revealed by selective inhibition: M. Beltramo, et al.; Science 277, 1094 (1997) Abstract
Structural determinants for recognition and translocation by the anandamide transporter: D. Piomelli, et al.; PNAS 96, 5802 (1999) Abstract
The anandamide transport inhibitor AM404 activates vanilloid receptors: P.M. Zygmunt, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 396, 39 (2000) Abstract
Overlap between the ligand recognition properties of the anandamide transporter and the VR1 vanilloid receptor: inhibitors of anandamide uptake with negligible capsaicin-like activity: L. De Petrocellis, et al.; FEBS Lett. 483, 52 (2000) Abstract
Experimental parkinsonism alters anandamide precursor synthesis, and functional deficits are improved by AM404: a modulator of endocannabinoid function: E. Fernandez-Espejo, et al.; Neuropsychopharmacology 29, 1134 (2004) Abstract
Anandamide transport inhibitor AM404 and structurally related compounds inhibit synaptic transmission between rat hippocampal neurons in culture independent of cannabinoid CB1 receptors: B.G. Kelley and S.A. Thayer; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 496, 33 (2004) Abstract
AM404, an inhibitor of anandamide uptake, prevents pain behaviour and modulates cytokine and apoptotic pathways in a rat model of neuropathic pain: B. Costa, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 148, 1022 (2006) Abstract
Modulation of neuropathic and inflammatory pain by the endocannabinoid transport inhibitor AM404 [N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-eicosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenamide]: G. La Rana, et al.; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 317, 1365 (2006) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Anandamide Uptake Inhibitors • TRPV1 Agonists and Antagonists / Related Products • NOS Inhibitors (NOS Induction & Enzyme Activity)

ALX-106-014

Revised 12-Sep-06

NG-Amino-L-arginine . hydrochloride
SYNONYMS	L-NAA . HCl
PRODUCT LINE	Nitric Oxide Pathway
PRODUCT CATEGORY	NOS Inhibitors (NOS Induction & Enzyme Activity)

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-106-014-M005		5 mg	50.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₆H₁₅N₅O₂. HCl
MW:	189.2 . 36.5
PURITY:	≥97% (contains traces of L-ornithine and L-arginine)
APPEARANCE:	White powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C

Product Description

Potent inhibitor of endothelial and inducible nitric oxide synthase (eNOS/NOS III and iNOS/NOS II).

Product Specific Literature References

NG-amino-L-arginine: a new potent antagonist of L-arginine-mediated endothelium-dependent relaxation: J.M. Fukuto, et al.; BBRC 168, 458 (1990) Abstract
Macrophage and endothelial cell nitric oxide synthesis: cell-type selective inhibition by NG-aminoarginine, NG-nitroarginine and NG- methylarginine: S.S. Gross, et al.; BBRC 170, 96 (1990) Abstract
Nitric oxide and cyclic GMP formation upon electrical field stimulation cause relaxation of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle: L.J. Ignarro, et al.; BBRC 170, 843 (1990) Abstract
Nitric oxide synthesis in the CNS endothelium and macrophages differs in its sensitivity to inhibition by arginine analogues: L. Lambert, et al.; Life Sci. 48, 69 (1991) Abstract
Comparison of the inhibitory potencies of N(G)-methyl-, N(G)-nitro- and N(G)-amino-L-arginine on EDRF function in the rat: evidence for continuous basal EDRF release: H.M. Vargas, et al.; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 257, 1208 (1991) Abstract
Inhibition of purified nitric oxide synthase from rat cerebellum and macrophage by L-arginine analogs: Y. Komori, et al.; Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 315, 213 (1994) Abstract
Inactivation of nitric oxide synthase isoforms by diaminoguanidine and NG-amino-L-arginine: D.J. Wolff & A. Lubeskie; Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 325, 227 (1996) Abstract
Studies of neuronal nitric oxide synthase inactivation by diverse suicide inhibitors: R. Bryk, et al.; Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 369, 243 (1999) Abstract
Alteration of the heme prosthetic group of neuronal nitric-oxide synthase during inactivation by N(G)-amino-L-arginine in vitro and in vivo: J.L. Vuletich, et al.; Mol. Pharmacol. 62, 110 (2002) Abstract; Full Text
Metabolism of aminoguanidine, diaminoguanidine, and NG-amino-L-arginine by neuronal NO-synthase and covalent alteration of the heme prosthetic group: A.J. Lee, et al.; Chem. Res. Toxicol. 18, 1927 (2005) Abstract

ALX-270-030

Revised 02-Jun-06

S-(2-Aminoethyl)-ITU . dihydrobromide
SYNONYMS	AET S-(2-Aminoethyl)isothiourea . 2HBr 2-(2-Aminoethyl)-2-thiopseudo-urea . 2HBr
PRODUCT LINE	Nitric Oxide Pathway
PRODUCT CATEGORY	NOS Inhibitors (NOS Induction & Enzyme Activity)

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-270-030-M010		10 mg	15.00 USD
ALX-270-030-M050		50 mg	30.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₃H₉N₃S. 2HBr
MW:	119.2 . 161.8
CAS NUMBER:	56-10-0
MERCK INDEX:	14: 178
RTECS:	UM0175000
PURITY:	≥98%
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Hygroscopic.
HAZARD:	HARMFUL.

Product Description

Selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS/NOS II).

Product Specific Literature References

Potent and selective inhibition of human nitric oxide synthases. Inhibition by non-amino acid isothioureas: E.P. Garvey, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 269, 26669 (1994) Abstract; Full Text
Isothioureas: potent inhibitors of nitric oxide synthases with variable isoform selectivity: G.J. Southan, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 114, 510 (1995) Abstract

ALX-420-004

Revised 14-Aug-06

Aminoguanidine . bicarbonate
PRODUCT LINE	Nitric Oxide Pathway
PRODUCT CATEGORY	NOS Inhibitors (NOS Induction & Enzyme Activity)

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-420-004-M100		100 mg	20.00 USD
ALX-420-004-M500		500 mg	45.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	CH₇N₄ . HCO₃
MW:	75.1 . 61.0
CAS NUMBER:	2582-30-1
MERCK INDEX:	14: 441
RTECS:	FG1772000
PURITY:	≥98%
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C

Product Description

Inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS).

Product Specific Literature References

Aminoguanidine, a novel inhibitor of nitric oxide formation, prevents diabetic vascular dysfunction: J.A. Corbett, et al.; Diabetes 41, 552 (1992) Abstract
M.J.D. Griffith, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 110, 963 (1993) Abstract
Selective inhibition of the inducible nitric oxide synthase by aminoguanidine: T.P. Misko, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 233, 119 (1993) Abstract
Aminoguanidine, an inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase, ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in SJL mice: A.H. Cross, et al.; J. Clin. Invest. 93, 2684 (1994) Abstract
Effects of NG-methyl-L-arginine, NG-nitro-L-arginine, and aminoguanidine on constitutive and inducible nitric oxide synthase in rat aorta: G.A. Joly, et al.; BBRC 199, 147 (1994) Abstract
Aminoguanidine inhibits both constitutive and inducible nitric oxide synthase isoforms in rat intestinal microvasculature in vivo: F. Laszlo, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 272, 169 (1995) Abstract
Selective inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase by aminoguanidine: J.A. Corbett & M.L. McDaniel; Methods Enzymol. 268, 398 (1996) Abstract

ALX-420-021

Revised 10-Feb-05

Aminoguanidine . hemisulfate
PRODUCT LINE	Nitric Oxide Pathway
PRODUCT CATEGORY	NOS Inhibitors (NOS Induction & Enzyme Activity)

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-420-021-M100		100 mg	20.00 USD
ALX-420-021-M500		500 mg	45.00 USD
ALX-420-021-G005		5 g	70.00 USD
ALX-420-021-G010		10 g	90.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	CH₆N₄ . 0.5H₂SO₄
MW:	74.1 . 49.0
CAS NUMBER:	996-19-0
MERCK INDEX:	14: 441
PURITY:	≥99%
APPEARANCE:	White solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+20°C
HANDLING:	Hygroscopic.

Product Description

Inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS).

Product Specific Literature References

Aminoguanidine, a novel inhibitor of nitric oxide formation, prevents diabetic vascular dysfunction: J.A. Corbett, et al.; Diabetes 41, 552 (1992) Abstract
Aminoguanidine selectively inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase: M.J. Griffiths, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 110, 963 (1993) Abstract
Selective inhibition of the inducible nitric oxide synthase by aminoguanidine: T.P. Misko, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 233, 119 (1993) Abstract
G.A. Joly, et al.; BBRC 199, 147 (1994) Abstract
Aminoguanidine inhibits both constitutive and inducible nitric oxide synthase isoforms in rat intestinal microvasculature in vivo: F. Laszlo, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 272, 169 (1995) Abstract
Selective inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase by aminoguanidine: J.A. Corbett & M.L. McDaniel; Methods Enzymol. 268, 398 (1996) Abstract

ALX-420-006

Revised 15-Aug-06

Aminoguanidine . hydrochloride
PRODUCT LINE	Nitric Oxide Pathway
PRODUCT CATEGORY	NOS Inhibitors (NOS Induction & Enzyme Activity)

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-420-006-M100		100 mg	20.00 USD
ALX-420-006-M500		500 mg