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ALX-380-034 Revised 30-Jul-08
Concanamycin A
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SYNONYMS Folimycin
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics - ATPase Inhibitors
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-380-034-C025   25 µg 55.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-034-C100   100 µg 180.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-034-M001   1 mg 750.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C46H75NO14
MW: 866.1
CAS NUMBER: 80890-47-7
RTECS: CB9732000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces sp.
PURITY: ≥96% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in methanol, DMSO or acetonitrile; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: VERY TOXIC.
IDENTITY: Identity determined by 1H-NMR.

Product Description
Antibiotic. More potent and specific H+-ATPase inhibitor than bafilomycin A1 (Prod. No. ALX-380-030). Inhibits acidification of organelles such as lysosomes and the Golgi apparatus. Blocks cell surface expression of viral glycoproteins without affecting their synthesis. Exhibits cytotoxic effects in a number of cell lines in a cell viability assay. Induces nitric oxide (NO) production.
Product Specific Literature References
Isolation and characterization of concanamycins A, B and C: H. Kinashi, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 37, 1333 (1984) Abstract
Bafilomycins: a class of inhibitors of membrane ATPases from microorganisms, animal cells, and plant cells: E.J. Bowman, et al.; PNAS 85, 7972 (1988) Abstract
Structure and function of vacuolar class of ATP-driven proton pumps: M. Forgac; Physiol. Rev. 69, 765 (1989) Abstract
Intravesicular acidification correlates with binding of ADP- ribosylation factor to microsomal membranes: S. Zeuzem, et al.; PNAS 89, 6619 (1992) Abstract
Inhibitory effect of modified bafilomycins and concanamycins on P- and V-type adenosinetriphosphatases: S. Drose, et al.; Biochemistry 32, 3902 (1993) Abstract
Folimycin (concanamycin A), a specific inhibitor of V-ATPase, blocks intracellular translocation of the glycoprotein of vesicular stomatitis virus before arrival to the Golgi apparatus: M. Muroi, et al.; Cell Struct. Funct. 18, 139 (1993) Abstract
Folimycin (concanamycin A), an inhibitor of V-type H(+)-ATPase, blocks cell-surface expression of virus-envelope glycoproteins: M. Muroi, et al.; BBRC 193, 999 (1993) Abstract
Purification of vacuolar ATPase with bafilomycin C1 affinity chromatography: T.J. Rautiala, et al.; BBRC 194, 50 (1993) Abstract
Involvement of the vacuolar H(+)-ATPases in the secretory pathway of HepG2 cells: M. Yilla, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 268, 19092 (1993) Abstract; Full Text
Specific inhibitors of vacuolar type H(+)-ATPases induce apoptotic cell death: T. Nishihara, et al.; BBRC 212, 255 (1995) Abstract
Characterization of the ATPase activity of P-glycoprotein from multidrug-resistant Chinese hamster ovary cells: F.J. Sharom, et al.; Biochem. J. 308 (Pt2), 381 (1995) Abstract
Concanamycin A, the specific inhibitor of V-ATPases, binds to the V(o) subunit c: M. Huss, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 277, 40544 (2002) Abstract
Organization of the biosynthetic gene cluster for the macrolide concanamycin A in Streptomyces neyagawaensis ATCC 27449: S.F. Haydock, et al.; Microbiology 151, 3161 (2005) Abstract; Full Text
Nitric oxide production by the vacuolar-type (H+)-ATPase inhibitors bafilomycin A1 and concanamycin A and its possible role in apoptosis in RAW 264.7 cells: J. Hong, et al.; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 319, 672 (2006) Abstract
Related Products
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Antibiotics - Nitric Oxide Pathway Modulators • H+-ATPase / Related Products • Antitumor Antibiotics
 
 
ALX-380-098 Revised 03-Apr-08
Concanamycin B
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics - ATPase Inhibitors
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-380-098-C100   100 µg 180.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-098-C500   500 µg 540.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C45H73NO14
MW: 852.1
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces sp.
PURITY: ≥96%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in chloroform, methanol, acetonitrile or DMSO. Insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: VERY TOXIC.

Product Description
Antibiotic. Exhibits similar activity as concanamycin A (Prod. No. ALX-380-034) and C (Prod. No. ALX-380-099). Specific inhibitor of vacuolar-type H+-ATPase. Suppresses bone resorption in vitro. Inhibits proliferation of mouse splenic lymphocytes. Shows antifungal and larvicidal properties.
Product Specific Literature References
Structures of concanamycins B and C: H. Kinashi, et al.; J. Antibiot. 35, 1618 (1982) Abstract
Isolation and characterization of concanamycins A, B and C: H. Kinashi, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 37, 1333 (1984) Abstract
Involvement of the vacuolar H(+)-ATPases in the secretory pathway of HepG2 cells: M. Yilla, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 268, 19092 (1993) Abstract
Concanamycin B inhibits the expression of newly-synthesized MHC class II molecules on the cell surface: K. Ito, et al.; J. Antibiot. 48, 488 (1995) Abstract
Characterization of the ATPase activity of P-glycoprotein from multidrug-resistant Chinese hamster ovary cells: F.J. Sharom, et al.; Biochem. J. 308 (Pt2), 381 (1995) Abstract
Concanamycin B, a vacuolar H(+)-ATPase specific inhibitor suppresses bone resorption in vitro: J.T. Woo, et al.; Biol. Pharm. Bull. 19, 297 (1996) Abstract
In vivo rapid reduction of alloantigen-activated CD8+ mature cytotoxic T cells by inhibitors of acidification of intracellular organelles, prodigiosin 25-C and concanamycin B: M. H. Lee, et al.; Immunology 99, 243 (2000) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
H+-ATPase / Related Products • Antibiotics - Antifungal
 
 
ALX-380-099 Revised 03-Apr-08
Concanamycin C
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics - ATPase Inhibitors
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-380-099-C100   100 µg 30.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-099-C500   500 µg 90.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C45H74O13
MW: 823.1
CAS NUMBER: 81552-34-3
RTECS: GK6887000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces sp.
PURITY: ≥96%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in chloroform, methanol, acetonitrile or DMSO. Insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: VERY TOXIC.

Product Description
Antibiotic. Inhibits vacuolar-type H+-ATPase. Potential antiosteoporotic agent. Shows antiviral and immunosuppressive activity. Active against fungi and yeasts.
Product Specific Literature References
Structures of concanamycins B and C: H. Kinashi, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 35, 1618 (1982) Abstract
Isolation and characterization of concanamycins A, B and C: H. Kinashi, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 37, 1333 (1984) Abstract
Inhibitory effect of modified bafilomycins and concanamycins on P- and V-type adenosinetriphosphatases: S. Drose, et al.; Biochemistry 32, 3902 (1993) Abstract
Disruption of vma-1, the gene encoding the catalytic subunit of the vacuolar H(+)-ATPase, causes severe morphological changes in Neurospora crassa: E.J. Bowman, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 275, 167 (2000) Abstract
Semisynthetic derivatives of concanamycin A and C, as inhibitors of V- and P-type ATPases: structure-activity investigations and developments of photoaffinity probes: S. Drose, et al.; Biochemistry 40, 2816 (2001) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Natural Products - Antiviral / anti-HIV Agents • H+-ATPase / Related Products • Antitumor Antibiotics • Natural Products - Immunomodulators • Antibiotics - Antifungal
 
 
ALX-380-225 Revised 15-Feb-08
Conglobatin
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics - Immunomodulators
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ALX-380-225-MC05   0.5 mg 260.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C28H38N2O6
MW: 498.6
CAS NUMBER: 72263-05-9
RTECS: JG7521800
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces conglobatus MST-AS5530.
PURITY: ≥95% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol, methanol, dimethyl formamide or DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: HARMFUL.

Product Description
Macrolide antibiotic with an unusual dimeric macrolide dilactone structure. Exhibited immunosuppressant activity in a NFAT-dependent transcription assay (IC50=0.63µg/ml).
Product Specific Literature References
Conglobatin, a novel macrolide dilactone from Streptomyces conglobatus ATCC 31005: J.W. Westley, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 32, 874 (1979) Abstract
Simple aromatics identified with a NFAT-lacZ transcription assay for the detection of immunosuppressants: N.S. Burres, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 48, 380 (1995) Abstract
 
 
ALX-630-046 Revised 14-Oct-08
α-Conotoxin GI
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Neurotoxins
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ALX-630-046-C500   500 µg 440.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: H-Glu-Cys-Cys-Asn-Pro-Ala-Cys-Gly-Arg-His-Tyr-Ser-Cys-NH2 . HCl
(Disulfide bonds between Cys2-Cys7and Cys3-Cys13)
FORMULA: C55H80N20O18S4
MW: 1437.6
RTECS: GL1500000
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic. Originally isolated from Conus geographus.
PURITY: ≥97%
APPEARANCE: White amorphous powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: VERY TOXIC.
Product Description
Neurotoxin. Postsynaptic inhibitor at the neuromuscular junction. Selective antagonist of neuromuscular or neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Not for sale in U.S.A.
Product Specific Literature References
Peptide toxins from Conus geographus venom: W.R. Gray, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 256, 4734 (1981) Abstract
Primary and secondary structure of conotoxin GI, a neurotoxic tridecapeptide from a marine snail: Y. Nishiuchi & S. Sakakibara; FEBS Lett. 148, 260 (1982) Abstract
The alpha-conotoxins GI and MI distinguish between the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist sites while SI does not: R.M. Hann, et al.; Biochemistry 33, 14058 (1994) Abstract
alpha-Conotoxins: nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists as pharmacological tools and potential drug leads: J. L. Dutton & D. J. Craik; Curr. Med. Chem. 8, 327 (2001), (Review) Abstract
Alpha-conotoxins as tools for the elucidation of structure and function of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes: A. Nicke, et al.; Eur. J. Biochem. 271, 2305 (2004), (Review) Abstract
alpha-Conotoxins as selective probes for nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subclasses: R.W. Janes; Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. 5, 280 (2005), (Review) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Peptides • Acetylcholine Receptors Other Products • Marine Natural Products
 
 
ALX-630-048 Revised 14-Oct-08
α-Conotoxin MI
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Neurotoxins
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-630-048-C500   500 µg 480.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: H-Gly-Arg-Cys-Cys-His-Pro-Ala-Cys-Gly-Lys-Asn-Tyr-Ser-Cys-NH2
(Disulfide bonds between Cys3-Cys8and Cys4-Cys14)
FORMULA: C58H86N22O17S4
MW: 1491.7
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic. Originally isolated from Conus magus.
PURITY: ≥97%
APPEARANCE: Lyophilized.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: VERY TOXIC.
Product Description
Neurotoxin. Postsynaptic inhibitor at the neuromuscular junction. Selective antagonist of neuromuscular or neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Not for sale in U.S.A.
Product Specific Literature References
Isolation and structure of a peptide toxin from the marine snail Conus magus: M. McIntosh, et al.; Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 218, 329 (1982) Abstract
Synthesis of conotoxin MI and GII: structure-activity relationship of conotoxins: Y. Nishiuchi & S. Sakakibara; Peptide Chemistry (Edited by E. Munekata) Protein Research Foundation, Osaka 1983, 191 (1984)
The alpha-conotoxins GI and MI distinguish between the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist sites while SI does not: R.M. Hann, et al.; Biochemistry 33, 14058 (1994) Abstract
alpha-Conotoxins: nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists as pharmacological tools and potential drug leads: J. L. Dutton & D. J. Craik; Curr. Med. Chem. 8, 327 (2001), (Review) Abstract
Alpha-conotoxins as tools for the elucidation of structure and function of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes: A. Nicke, et al.; Eur. J. Biochem. 271, 2305 (2004), (Review) Abstract
alpha-Conotoxins as selective probes for nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subclasses: R.W. Janes; Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. 5, 280 (2005), (Review) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Peptides • Acetylcholine Receptors Other Products • Marine Natural Products
 
 
ALX-630-049 Revised 14-Oct-08
α-Conotoxin SI
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Neurotoxins
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-630-049-C500   500 µg 480.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: H-Ile-Cys-Cys-Asn-Pro-Ala-Cys-Gly-Pro-Lys-Tyr-Ser-Cys-NH2
(Disulfide bonds between Cys2-Cys7and Cys3-Cys13)
FORMULA: C55H83N16O16S4
MW: 1352.6
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic. Originally isolated from Conus striatus.
PURITY: ≥96%
APPEARANCE: Lyophilized.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: VERY TOXIC.
Product Description
Neurotoxin. Postsynaptic inhibitor at the neuromuscular junction. Selective antagonist of neuromuscular or neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Not for sale in U.S.A.
Product Specific Literature References
Phylogenetic specificity of cholinergic ligands: alpha-conotoxin SI: G.C. Zafaralla, et al.; Biochemistry 27, 7102 (1988) Abstract
Synthesis of .alpha.-conotoxin SI, a bicyclic tridecapeptide amide with two disulfide bridges: illustration of novel protection schemes and oxidation strategies: M.C. Munson & G. Barany; JACS 115, 10203 (1993)
The alpha-conotoxins GI and MI distinguish between the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist sites while SI does not: R.M. Hann, et al.; Biochemistry 33, 14058 (1994) Abstract
alpha-Conotoxins: nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists as pharmacological tools and potential drug leads: J. L. Dutton & D. J. Craik; Curr. Med. Chem. 8, 327 (2001), (Review) Abstract
Alpha-conotoxins as tools for the elucidation of structure and function of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes: A. Nicke, et al.; Eur. J. Biochem. 271, 2305 (2004), (Review) Abstract
alpha-Conotoxins as selective probes for nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subclasses: R.W. Janes; Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. 5, 280 (2005), (Review) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Peptides • Acetylcholine Receptors Other Products • Marine Natural Products
 
 
ALX-630-054 Revised 14-Oct-08
μ-Conotoxin GIIIB
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Neurotoxins
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-630-054-C500   500 µg 790.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: H-Arg-Asp-Cys-Cys-Thr-Hyp-Hyp-Arg-Lys-Cys-Lys-Asp-Arg-Arg-Cys-Lys-Hyp-Met-Lys-Cys-Cys-Ala-NH2
(Disulfide bonds between Cys3-Cys15, Cys4-Cys20and Cys10-Cys21)
FORMULA: C101H175N39O30S7
MW: 2640.2
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic. Originally isolated from Conus geographus.
APPEARANCE: Lyophilized.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: VERY TOXIC.
Product Description
Neurotoxin. Specific blocker of the skeletal voltage-gated Na+ channels. Not for sale in U.S.A.
Product Specific Literature References
Conus geographus toxins that discriminate between neuronal and muscle sodium channels: L.J. Cruz, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 260, 9280 (1985) Abstract; Full Text
Use of geographutoxin II (mu-conotoxin) for the study of neuromuscular transmission in mouse: S.J. Hong & C.C. Chang; Br. J. Pharmacol. 97, 934 (1989) Abstract
Noncontractile acetylcholine receptor-operated Ca++ mobilization: suppression of activation by open channel blockers and acceleration of desensitization by closed channel blockers in mouse diaphragm muscle: M. Kimura, et al.; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 256, 18 (1991) Abstract
Conotoxins: B.M. Olivera, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 266, 22067 (1991), (Minireview) Abstract; Full Text
Presynaptic calcium signals and transmitter release are modulated by calcium-activated potassium channels: R. Robitaille & M.P. Charlton; J. Neurosci. 12, 297 (1992) Abstract
Solution synthesis of mu-conotoxin GIIIB: optimization of the oxidative folding reaction: S. Kubo, et al.; Pept. Res. 6, 66 (1993) Abstract
Using the deadly mu-conotoxins as probes of voltage-gated sodium channels: R. A. Li & G. F. Tomaselli; Toxicon 44, 117 (2004), (Review) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Peptides • Na+ Channels • Marine Natural Products
 
 
ALX-630-047 Revised 14-Oct-08
μ-Conotoxin GS
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Neurotoxins
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ALX-630-047-C500   500 µg 790.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: H-Ala-Cys-Ser-Gly-Arg-Gly-Ser-Arg-Cys-Hyp-Hyp-Gln-Cys-Cys-Met-Gly-Leu-Arg-Cys-Gly-Arg-Gly-Asn-Pro-Gln-Lys-Cys-Ile-Gly-Ala-His-Gla-Asp-Val-OH
(Disulfide bonds between Cys2-Cys14, Cys9-Cys19and Cys13-Cys27) (Gla = L-γ-Carboxyglutamic acid)
FORMULA: C139H220N52O48S7
MW: 3612.1
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic. Originally isolated from Conus geographus.
QUANTITY: 0.55mg (0.15µmol)
CONCENTRATION: 0.1mM after reconstitution.
PURITY: ≥97%
APPEARANCE: Lyophilized.
RECONSTITUTION: Do not remove the cap. Inject 1.5ml of water or 0.9% sodium chloride into the vial using a syring. Let the contents dissolve thoroughly.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY:

Stable for at least 1 year when stored at -20°C. Stock solutions are stable for a few weeks at -20°C.
HANDLING: After reconstitution, prepare aliquots and store at -20°C.
HAZARD: VERY TOXIC.
Product Description
Neurotoxin. Na+ channel blocker. Not for sale in U.S.A.
Product Specific Literature References
A novel sodium channel inhibitor from Conus geographus: purification, structure, and pharmacological properties: Y. Yanagawa, et al.; Biochemistry 27, 6256 (1988) Abstract
Solution structure of the sodium channel antagonist conotoxin GS: a new molecular caliper for probing sodium channel geometry: J.M. Hill, et al.; Structure 5</