ALEXIS Biochemicals: Bakuchiol

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ALX-270-182

Revised 02-Jun-06

S-Ethyl-N-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]isothiourea . hydrochloride
SYNONYMS	ETPI . HCl TFPI . HCl
PRODUCT LINE	Nitric Oxide Pathway
PRODUCT CATEGORY	NOS Inhibitors (NOS Induction & Enzyme Activity)

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-270-182-M005		5 mg	40.00 USD
ALX-270-182-M025		25 mg	160.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₁₀H₁₁SN₂F₃ . HCl
MW:	248.3 . 36.5
PURITY:	≥98%
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water (50mg/ml), methanol, 100% ethanol (33mg/ml), DMSO (33mg/ml) or dimethyl formamide (33mg/ml).
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C

Product Description

Selective inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS; NOS I) relative to inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS; NOS II) (115-fold) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS; NOS III) (29-fold).

Product Specific Literature References

Substituted N-phenylisothioureas: potent inhibitors of human nitric oxide synthase with neuronal isoform selectivity: B.G. Shearer, et al.; J. Med. Chem. 40, 1901 (1997) Abstract

ALX-270-199

Revised 03-Jul-07

3-Bromo-7-nitroindazole . sodium salt
PRODUCT LINE	Nitric Oxide Pathway
PRODUCT CATEGORY	NOS Inhibitors (NOS Induction & Enzyme Activity)

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-270-199-M005		5 mg	35.00 USD
ALX-270-199-M025		25 mg	95.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₇H₃BrN₃O₂ . Na
MW:	241.0 . 23.0
PURITY:	≥97%
APPEARANCE:	Red solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO or methanol; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Hygroscopic. Protect from light.
HAZARD:	TOXIC.

Product Description

Salt form of 3-bromo-7-nitroindazole (Prod. No. ALX-270-009). Potent inhibitor of rat cerebellar nitric oxide synthase (nNOS/NOS I). More potent than 7-nitroindazole (Prod. No. ALX-270-004).

Product Specific Literature References

7-Nitro indazole derivatives are potent inhibitors of brain, endothelium and inducible isoforms of nitric oxide synthase: P.A. Bland-Ward & P.K. Moore; Life Sci. 57, PL131 (1995) Abstract
Evidence for involvement of the neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase during induction of long-term potentiation and long-term depression in the rat dentate gyrus in vitro: J. Wu, et al.; Neuroscience 78, 393 (1997) Abstract
Further in vivo studies on attenuating morphine withdrawal: isoform-selective nitric oxide synthase inhibitors differ in efficacy: D.B. Vaupel, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 324, 11 (1997) Abstract
3-bromo-7-nitroindazole, a neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, impairs maternal aggression and citrulline immunoreactivity in prairie voles: S.C. Gammie, et al.; Brain Res. 870, 80 (2000) Abstract
Crystal structure of nitric oxide synthase bound to nitro indazole reveals a novel inactivation mechanism: C.S. Raman, et al.; Biochemistry 40, 13448 (2001) Abstract
Effects of selective neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibition on sleep and wakefulness in the rat: M. Cavas & J.F. Navarro; Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry 30, 56 (2006) Abstract

ALX-270-200

Revised 17-Oct-07

7-Nitroindazole . sodium salt
SYNONYMS	7-NiNa
PRODUCT LINE	Nitric Oxide Pathway
PRODUCT CATEGORY	NOS Inhibitors (NOS Induction & Enzyme Activity)

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-270-200-M005		5 mg	25.00 USD
ALX-270-200-M025		25 mg	75.00 USD
ALX-270-200-M100		100 mg	225.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₇H₄N₃O₂ . Na
MW:	162.2 . 23.0
PURITY:	≥98%
APPEARANCE:	Orange to red solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in 100% ethanol, methanol or DMSO.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light and moisture.
HAZARD:	TOXIC. MAY BE TERATOGENIC. MAY BE MUTAGENIC.

Product Description

A more soluble salt form of 7-nitroindazole. Its higher solubility in artificial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) permits its use as an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in rat brain tissue. Provides a useful tool for the study of nitric oxide (NO) activity in the brain. See also 3-bromo-7-nitroindazole . sodium salt (Prod. No. ALX-270-199).

Product Specific Literature References

Increased striatal dopamine efflux in vivo following inhibition of cerebral nitric oxide synthase by the novel monosodium salt of 7-nitro indazole: M.T. Silva, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 114, 257 (1995) Abstract

ALX-270-203

Revised 11-Jan-07

N-ω-Propyl-L-arginine
SYNONYMS	N⁵-[Imino(propylamino)methyl]-L-ornithine
PRODUCT LINE	Nitric Oxide Pathway
PRODUCT CATEGORY	NOS Inhibitors (NOS Induction & Enzyme Activity)

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-270-203-M005		5 mg	72.00 USD
ALX-270-203-M025		25 mg	180.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₉H₂₀N₄O₂
MW:	216.3
CAS NUMBER:	137361-05-8
PURITY:	≥98%
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white solid
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in PBS, 100% ethanol, DMSO or dimethyl formamide.
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
USE/STABILITY:	Stable for at least one year when stored at -20 °C.

Product Description

Potent and selective inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS; NOS I) relative to inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS; NOS II) (3158-fold) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS; NOS III) (149-fold).

Product Specific Literature References

Potent and selective inhibition of neuronal nitric oxide synthase by N-omega-propyl-L-arginine: H.Q. Zhang, et al.; J. Med. Chem. 40, 3869 (1997) Abstract
Mechanism of inactivation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase by N-allyl-L-arginine: H.Q. Zhang, et al.; JACS 119, 10888 (1997)
N(omega)-Nitroarginine-containing dipeptide amides. Potent and highly selective inhibitors of neuronal nitric oxide synthase: H. Huang, et al.; J. Med. Chem. 42, 3147 (1999) Abstract
Conformationally-restricted arginine analogues as alternative substrates and inhibitors of nitric oxide synthases: Y. Lee, et al.; Bioorg. Med. Chem. 7, 1097 (1999) Abstract
Cellular and enzymatic studies of N(omega)-propyl-l-arginine and S-ethyl-N-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]isothiourea as reversible, slowly dissociating inhibitors selective for the neuronal nitric oxide synthase isoform: G.R. Cooper, et al.; Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 375, 183 (2000) Abstract
The inhibitory potency and selectivity of arginine substrate site nitric-oxide synthase inhibitors is solely determined by their affinity toward the different isoenzymes: R. Boer, et al.; Mol. Pharmacol. 58, 1026 (2000) Abstract; Full Text
Structural basis for the specificity of the nitric-oxide synthase inhibitors W1400 and Nomega-propyl-L-Arg for the inducible and neuronal isoforms: R. Fedorov, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 278, 45818 (2003) Abstract; Full Text
Structural basis for the specificity of the nitric-oxide synthase inhibitors W1400 and Nomega-propyl-L-Arg for the inducible and neuronal isoforms: R. Fedorov, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 278, 45818 (2003) Abstract; Full Text
The effects of N(omega)-propyl-L-arginine on reperfusion injury of skeletal muscle: C. Gowda, et al.; Nitric Oxide 11, 17 (2004) Abstract
The neuronal selective nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, Nomega-propyl-L-arginine, blocks the effects of phencyclidine on prepulse inhibition and locomotor activity in mice: D. Klamer, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 503, 103 (2004) Abstract

ALX-270-211

Revised 07-Jun-06

2-Imino-4-methylpiperidine . acetate
PRODUCT LINE	Nitric Oxide Pathway
PRODUCT CATEGORY	NOS Inhibitors (NOS Induction & Enzyme Activity)

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-270-211-M005		5 mg	30.00 USD
ALX-270-211-M025		25 mg	90.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₆H₁₂N₂ . CH₃COOH
MW:	112.2 . 60.2
CAS NUMBER:	165383-72-2
PURITY:	≥98%
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in PBS, 100% ethanol, methanol, DMSO or dimethyl formamide.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C

Product Description

Specific inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS; NOS II).

ALX-270-216

Revised 04-Aug-08

Vinyl-L-NIO
SYNONYMS	N⁵-(1-Imino-3-butenyl)-L-ornithine L-VNIO
PRODUCT LINE	Nitric Oxide Pathway
PRODUCT CATEGORY	NOS Inhibitors (NOS Induction & Enzyme Activity)

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-270-216-M005		5 mg	70.00 USD
ALX-270-216-M025		25 mg	245.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₉H₁₇N₃O₂ . 2HCl
MW:	199.3 . 73.0
PURITY:	≥95%
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
HANDLING:	Very hygroscopic.

Product Description

Very selective and potent neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS/NOS I) inhibitor.

Product Specific Literature References

N5-(1-Imino-3-butenyl)-L-ornithine. A neuronal isoform selective mechanism-based inactivator of nitric oxide synthase: B. R. Babu & O.W. Griffith; J. Biol. Chem. 273, 8882 (1998) Abstract; Full Text
The inhibitory potency and selectivity of arginine substrate site nitric-oxide synthase inhibitors is solely determined by their affinity toward the different isoenzymes: R. Boer, et al.; Mol. Pharmacol. 58, 1026 (2000) Abstract; Full Text
Structural characterization and kinetics of nitric-oxide synthase inhibition by novel N5-(iminoalkyl)- and N5-(iminoalkenyl)-ornithines: L.E. Bretscher, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 278, 46789 (2003) Abstract; Full Text
Myocardial effects of nitric oxide, NO. Clinical and experimental evidence: C. Heymes, et al.; Bull. Acad. Natl. Med. 189, 893 (2005), [Article in French] Abstract
Neuronal nitric-oxide synthase inhibition facilitates adrenergic neurotransmission in rat mesenteric resistance arteries: Y. Hatanaka, et al.; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 316, 490 (2006) Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion-induced death of cardiac myocytes: possible involvement of nitric oxide in the coordination of ATP supply and demand during ischemia: K. Kawahara, et al.; J. Mol. Cell Cardiol. 40, 35 (2006) Abstract
Discoordinate regulation of renal nitric oxide synthase isoforms in ovariectomized mRen2.Lewis rats: L.M. Yamaleyeva, et al.; Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 292, R819 (2007) Abstract

General Literature References

Design of isoform-selective inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase: B.R. Babu & O.W. Griffith; Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2, 491 (1998) Abstract

ALX-270-252

Revised 03-Mar-05

MEG . sodium succinate
SYNONYMS	Mercaptoethylguanidine . sodium succinate
PRODUCT LINE	Nitric Oxide Pathway
PRODUCT CATEGORY	NOS Inhibitors (NOS Induction & Enzyme Activity)

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-270-252-M010		10 mg	95.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₃H₁₀N₃S . C₄H₄O₄Na
MW:	120.2 . 139.1
PURITY:	≥90%
APPEARANCE:	White solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water.
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Keep under inert gas. Keep cool and dry. Protect from moisture.

Product Description

Inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS; NOS II). Peroxynitrite scavenger.

Product Specific Literature References

Spontaneous rearrangement of aminoalkylisothioureas into mercaptoalkylguanidines, a novel class of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors with selectivity towards the inducible isoform: G.J. Southan, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 117, 619 (1996) Abstract
The inhibitory effects of mercaptoalkylguanidines on cyclo-oxygenase activity: B. Zingarelli, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 120, 357 (1997) Abstract
Mercaptoethylguanidine and guanidine inhibitors of nitric-oxide synthase react with peroxynitrite and protect against peroxynitrite-induced oxidative damage: C. Szabó, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 272, 9030 (1997) Abstract; Full Text
Antiinflammatory effects of mercaptoethylguanidine, a combined inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase and peroxynitrite scavenger, in carrageenan-induced models of inflammation: S. Cuzzocrea, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 24, 450 (1998) Abstract
Protective effects of MEG, a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase, in ligature-induced periodontitis in the rat [published erratum appears in Br. J. Pharmacol. 123, 741 (1998)]: Z. Lohinai, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 123, 353 (1998) Abstract
Mercaptoethylguanidine, a combined inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase and peroxynitrite scavenger, reduces trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colonic damage in rats: B. Zingarelli, et al.; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 287, 1048 (1998) Abstract
Modulation of peroxynitrite- and hypochlorous acid-induced inactivation of alpha1-antiproteinase by mercaptoethylguanidine: M. Whiteman, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 126, 1646 (1999) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Peroxynitrite / Scavengers / Detection

ALX-270-254

Revised 22-Sep-08

Carnosol
SYNONYMS	1,3,4,9,10,10aS-Hexahydro-5,6-dihydroxy-1,1-dimethyl-7-isopropyl-2H-9S,4aR-(epoxymethano)phenanthren-12-one
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Natural Products - Antioxidants

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-270-254-M001		1 mg	60.00 USD
ALX-270-254-M005		5 mg	269.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₂₀H₂₆O₄
MW:	330.4
CAS NUMBER:	5957-80-2
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Rosmarinus officinalis.
PURITY:	≥96%
APPEARANCE:	White to beige solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in 100% ethanol (8mg/ml), DMSO (250mg/ml) or dimethyl formamide (35mg/ml); sparingly soluble in aqueous PBS, pH 7.2 (<30μg/ml).
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
USE/STABILITY:	Stable for at least 1 year when stored at -20°C. We do not recommend storing aqueous solutions for more than one day.
HANDLING:	Protect from light.

Product Description

Naturally occurring phenolic compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Suppresses nitric oxide (NO) production and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS; NOS II) gene expression by inhibiting NF-κB activation. Inhibits lipid peroxidation. Antimicrobial. Anticarcinogenic. Inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2).

Product Specific Literature References

Antioxidant and pro-oxidant properties of active rosemary constituents: carnosol and carnosic acid: O.I. Aruoma, et al.; Xenobiotica 22, 257 (1992) Abstract
Effects of three dietary phytochemicals from tea, rosemary and turmeric on inflammation-induced nitrite production: M.M. Chan, et al.; Cancer Lett. 96, 23 (1995) Abstract
Inhibition of lipid peroxidation and superoxide generation by diterpenoids from Rosmarinus officinalis: H. Haraguchi, et al.; Planta Med. 61, 333 (1995) Abstract
Inhibition by rosemary and carnosol of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced rat mammary tumorigenesis and in vivo DMBA-DNA adduct formation: K. Singletary, et al.; Cancer Lett. 104, 43 (1996) Abstract
Development of in vitro models for cellular and molecular studies in toxicology and chemoprevention: K. Macé, et al.; Arch. Toxicol. Suppl. 20, 227 (1998) Abstract
Carnosol, an antioxidant in rosemary, suppresses inducible nitric oxide synthase through down-regulating nuclear factor-kappaB in mouse macrophages: A.H. Lo, et al.; Carcinogenesis 23, 983 (2002) Abstract
Carnosic acid and carnosol, phenolic diterpene compounds of the labiate herbs rosemary and sage, are activators of the human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma: O. Rau, et al.; Planta Med. 72, 881 (2006) Abstract
Potentiation of antimicrobial activity of aminoglycosides by carnosol from Salvia officinalis: K. Horiuchi, et al.; Biol. Pharm. Bull. 30, 287 (2007) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

NOS Inhibitors (NOS Induction & Enzyme Activity) • Natural Products - Chemopreventive Agents • Natural Products - NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors • Lipid Peroxidation • Active Substances from Fruit and Vegetables • Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents • Natural Products - Nitric Oxide Pathway Modulators • COX Inhibitors

ALX-270-263

Revised 03-Apr-08

(-)-Epigallocatechin gallate
SYNONYMS	EGCG (2R,3R)-2-(3,4,5-Trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-1[2H]-benzopyran-3,5,7-triol 3-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate)
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Natural Products - Antioxidants

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-270-263-M010		10 mg	20.00 USD
ALX-270-263-M050		50 mg	60.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₂₂H₁₈O₁₁
MW:	458.4
CAS NUMBER:	989-51-5
MERCK INDEX:	14: 3526
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from green tea.
PURITY:	≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	Off-white to yellow powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in 100% ethanol, dimethyl formamide or DMSO; slightly soluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
USE/STABILITY:	Stock solutions in DMSO are stable for up to 3 months when stored at -20°C.
HANDLING:	After reconstitution, prepare aliquots and store at -20°C. Keep under inert gas. Protect from light.

Product Description

Antitumor reagent. Antioxidant. Protects cells from lipid peroxidation and DNA damage induced by reactive free radicals. Inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS; NOS II). Chemopreventive anticancer agent. Induces apoptosis in human cancer cell lines. Inhibits MAP kinase mediated signalling pathways. Inhibits angiogenesis. Inhibits telomerase and DNA methyltransferase. Anti-inflammatory agent.

Product Specific Literature References

Inhibitory effect of topical application of a green tea polyphenol fraction on tumor initiation and promotion in mouse skin: M.T. Huang, et al.; Carcinogenesis 13, 947 (1992) Abstract
Inhibition of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and other skin tumor-promoter-caused induction of epidermal interleukin-1 alpha mRNA and protein expression in SENCAR mice by green tea polyphenols: S.K. Katiyar, et al.; J. Invest. Dermatol. 105, 394 (1995) Abstract
Growth inhibition and regression of human prostate and breast tumors in athymic mice by tea epigallocatechin gallate: S. Liao, et al.; Cancer Lett. 96, 239 (1995) Abstract
Inhibition of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-induced carcinogenesis by (-)-epigallocatechin gallate in the rat glandular stomach: T. Yamane, et al.; Cancer Res. 55, 2081 (1995) Abstract
(-)-Epigallocatechin gallate, a polyphenolic tea antioxidant, inhibits peroxynitrite-mediated formation of 8-oxodeoxyguanosine and 3-nitrotyrosine: E.S. Fiala, et al.; Experientia 52, 922 (1996) Abstract
Green tea constituent epigallocatechin-3-gallate and induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human carcinoma cells: N. Ahmad, et al.; J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 89, 1881 (1997) Abstract
Inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression and enzyme activity by epigallocatechin gallate, a natural product from green tea: M.M. Chan, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 54, 1281 (1997) Abstract
(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate blocks the induction of nitric oxide synthase by down-regulating lipopolysaccharide-induced activity of transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB: Y.L. Lin & J.K. Lin; Mol. Pharmacol. 52, 465 (1997) Abstract
Telomerase inhibition, telomere shortening, and senescence of cancer cells by tea catechins: I. Naasani, et al.; BBRC 249, 391 (1998) Abstract
Epigallocatechin suppression of proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells: correlation with c-jun and JNK: L.H. Lu, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 124, 1227 (1998) Abstract
ESR study on the structure-antioxidant activity relationship of tea catechins and their epimers: Q. Guo, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1427, 13 (1999) Abstract
Pharmacokinetics of the green tea derivative, EGCG, by the topical route of adminis