ALEXIS Biochemicals: Thimerosal

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ALX-270-111

Revised 31-Jul-08

Patulin
SYNONYMS	4-Hydroxy-4H-furo[3,2-c]pyran-2(6H)-one Clairformin Clavacin Clavatin Claviformin Leucopin Mycoin C3 Mycosin Penicidin Terinin
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Antibiotics - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-270-111-M001		1 mg	20.00 USD
ALX-270-111-M005		5 mg	80.00 USD
ALX-270-111-M025		25 mg	320.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₇H₆O₄
MW:	154.1
CAS NUMBER:	149-29-1
MERCK INDEX:	14: 7053
RTECS:	LV2625000
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Penicillium expansum.
PURITY:	≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water, 100% ethanol, ethyl acetate or DMSO (10mg/ml).
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HAZARD:	MAY BE CARCINOGENIC. TOXIC.

Product Description

Inhibitor of protein farnesylation in a cell free assay. Inhibits incorporation of tritiated mevalonate into proteins in whole cells. Mycotoxin with anti-bacterial, potassium uptake inhibitory and possibly carcinogenic activities. Known contaminant of spoiled apples.

Product Specific Literature References

M. Birkinshaw, et al.; Lancet 245, 625 (1943)
J. Kahn; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 121, 234 (1957)
IARC Monographs 10, 205 (1976)
Chronology of patulin-induced alterations in membrane function of cultured renal cells, LLC-PK: R.T. Riley, et al.; Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 102, 128 (1990) Abstract
Inhibition of protein prenylation by patulin: S. Miura, et al.; FEBS Lett. 318, 88 (1993) Abstract
Aneuploidogenic and clastogenic potential of the mycotoxins citrinin and patulin: E. Pfeiffer, et al.; Carcinogenesis 19, 1313 (1998) Abstract
Hplc detection of patulin in apple juice with GC/MS confirmation of patulin identity: J.A. Roach, et al.; Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 504, 135 (2002), Review Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Mycotoxins • Farnesylation / Isoprenylation Reagents

ALX-350-106

Revised 29-Nov-07

Ampullosporin A
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Antibiotics - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-350-106-M001		1 mg	50.00 USD

Product Specification

SEQUENCE:	Ac-Trp-Ala-Aib-Aib-Leu-Aib-Gln-Aib-Aib-Aib-Gln-Leu-Aib-Gln-Leucinol
FORMULA:	C₇₇H₁₂₇N₁₉O₁₉
MW:	1623.0
SOURCE/HOST:	Antibiotic isolated from Sepedonium ampullosporum.
PURITY:	≥98% (HPLC)
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in alcohols, chloroform or dichloromethane. Insoluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
HAZARD:	TOXIC.

Product Description

Peptaibol-type polypeptide. Induces pigment formation by the fungus Phoma destructiva, causes hypothermia in mice, displays neuroleptic activity in rats and forms instable pores in artificial bilayer membranes.

Product Specific Literature References

Ampullosporin, a new peptaibol-type antibiotic from Sepedonium ampullosporum HKI-0053 with neuroleptic activity in mice: M. Ritzau, et al.; J. Antibiot. 50, 722 (1997) Abstract
Differences in ion permeability of an artificial bilayer membrane caused by ampullosporin and bergofungin, new 15-membered peptaibol-type antibiotics: P. Grigoriev, et al.; Bioelectrochemistry 44, 155 (1997)
Differences in ion-channel formation by ampullosporins B, C, D and semisynthetic desacetyltryptophanyl ampullosporin A: P. Grigoriev, et al.; Bioelectrochemistry 57, 119 (2002) Abstract
Synthesis and biological evaluation of analogues of the peptaibol ampullosporin A: H.H. Nguyen, et al.; J. Med. Chem. 45, 2781 (2002) Abstract
Crystal structure and conformational analysis of ampullosporin A: M. Kronen, et al.; J. Pept. Sci. 9, 729 (2003) Abstract
Membrane association and activity of 15/16-membered peptide antibiotics: zervamicin IIB, ampullosporin A and antiamoebin I: T.N. Kropacheva, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1715, 6 (2005) Abstract
Transcriptional response to the neuroleptic-like compound Ampullosporin A in the rat ketamine model: H. Krugel, et al.; J. Neurochem. 97, Suppl. 1, 74 (2006) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Peptides • Alzheimer Research Other Products • Ion Channels & Transporters Other Products

ALX-350-233

Revised 30-Oct-07

Gramicidin A (high purity)
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Antibiotics - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-350-233-M001		1 mg	25.00 USD
ALX-350-233-M005		5 mg	70.00 USD

Product Specification

SEQUENCE:	HCO-Val-Gly-Ala-D-Leu-Ala-D-Val-Val-D-Val-Trp-D-Leu-Trp-D-Leu-Trp-D-Leu-Trp-NHCH₂CH₂OH
FORMULA:	C₉₉H₁₄₀N₂₀O₁₇
MW:	1882.3
CAS NUMBER:	11029-61-01
MERCK INDEX:	14: 4532
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Bacillus brevis.
PURITY:	≥95%
APPEARANCE:	Off-white solid.
PURITY DETAIL:	Contaminants: gB and gC isomers: <1% (HPLC).
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO, in the lower alcohols or in acetic acid.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C

Product Description

Naturally occurring ion channel forming pentadecapeptide. Causes K⁺/H⁺-exchange in mitochondria in a non-voltage dependent manner.

Product Specific Literature References

Purification of gramicidin A: C.J. Stankovic, et al.; Anal. Biochem. 184, 100 (1990) Abstract
The permeation properties of small organic cations in gramicidin A channels: S.A. Seoh & D. Busath; Biophys. J. 64, 1017 (1993) Abstract
Palmitoylation-induced conformational changes of specific side chains in the gramicidin transmembrane channel: R.E. Koeppe, 2nd, et al.; Biochemistry 34, 9299 (1995) Abstract
Two mechanisms of H+/OH- transport across phospholipid vesicular membrane facilitated by gramicidin A: B.S. Prabhananda & M.H. Kombrabail; Biophys. J. 71, 3091 (1996) Abstract
Effects of gramicidin-A on the adsorption of phospholipids to the air-water interface: S.C. Biswas, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1717, 41 (2005) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Peptides • K+ Channels Other Products

ALX-350-241

Revised 07-Dec-07

Manumycin A
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Antibiotics - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-350-241-M001		1 mg	58.00 USD
ALX-350-241-M005		5 mg	170.00 USD
ALX-350-241-M010		10 mg	260.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₃₁H₃₈N₂O₇
MW:	550.7
CAS NUMBER:	52665-74-4
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Streptomyces parvulus.
PURITY:	≥96% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	Yellow to brown powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in methanol or DMSO; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light.
IDENTITY:	Determined by ¹H-NMR.

Product Description

Potent, selective and competitive inhibitor of Ras farnesyltransferase. Does not affect geranylgeranyltransferase. Inhibition is competitive with respect to farnesyl pyrophosphate and non-competitive with respect to Ras. Inhibits neutral sphingomyelinase.

Product Specific Literature References

Inhibitors of Ras farnesyltransferases: F. Tamanoi; TIBS 18, 349 (1993), (Review) Abstract
Farnesyltransferase inhibitors: Ras research yields a potential cancer therapeutic: J.B. Gibbs, et al.; Cell 77, 175 (1994) Abstract
Manumycin inhibits ras signal transduction pathway and induces apoptosis in COLO320-DM human colon tumour cells: A. Di Paolo, et al.; Br. J. Cancer 82, 905 (2000) Abstract
Manumycin A and its analogues are irreversible inhibitors of neutral sphingomyelinase: C. Arenz, et al.; ChemBioChem 2, 141 (2001) Abstract
Enhancement of manumycin A-induced apoptosis by methoxyamine in myeloid leukemia cells: M. She, et al.; Leukemia 19, 595 (2005) Abstract
Binding of manumycin A inhibits IkappaB kinase beta activity: M. Bernier, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 281, 2551 (2006) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Farnesylation / Isoprenylation Reagents • Ceramides / Cerebrosides / Sphingolipids / Related Products • Antibiotics - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors

ALX-380-005

Revised 03-Apr-08

Ascomycin
SYNONYMS	Immunomycin
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Antibiotics - Immunomodulators

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-380-005-M001		1 mg	125.00 USD
ALX-380-005-M005		5 mg	540.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₄₃H₆₉NO₁₂
MW:	792.0
CAS NUMBER:	11011-38-4
RTECS:	CI75700000
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Streptomyces sp.
PURITY:	≥95%
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HAZARD:	HARMFUL.

Product Description

Antibiotic. Ethyl analog of FK506 (Prod. No. ALX-380-008) with similar immunosuppressant properties. Inhibits calcineurin phosphatase.

Product Specific Literature References

Ascomycin, an antifungal antibiotic: T. Arai, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 15, 23 (1962) Abstract
NMR studies of an FK-506 analog, [U-13C]ascomycin, bound to FK-506-binding protein: A.M. Petros, et al.; J. Med. Chem. 35, 2467 (1992) Abstract
Structure-activity profiles of macrolactam immunosuppressant FK-506 analogues: M. Kawai, et al.; FEBS Lett. 316, 107 (1993) Abstract
Enzymatic synthesis and immunosuppressive activity of novel desmethylated immunomycins (ascomycins): A. Shafiee, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 46, 1397 (1993) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

PP2B [Calcineurin] / Related Products • Antibiotics - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators

ALX-380-007

Revised 16-Jun-08

Enniatin B
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Antibiotics - Ionophores

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-380-007-M001		1 mg	130.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₃₃H₅₇N₃O₉
MW:	639.8
CAS NUMBER:	917-13-5
MERCK INDEX:	14: 3585
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Fusarium orthoceras var. enniatum.
PURITY:	≥90% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO or other organic solvents; almost insoluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C

Product Description

Ionophore antibiotic. Inhibitor of the S. cerevisiae ABC transporter Pdr5p.
Inhibitor of acyl-CoA-cholesterol acyltransferase and of phosphodiesterase. Potential anticancer compound.

Product Specific Literature References

Ionophore antibiotics produced by the fungus Fusarium orthoceras var. enniatum and other Fusaria: E. Gaumann, et al.; Experientia 3, 202 (1947)
"Sandwich" complexation in cyclopeptides and its implications in membrane processes: V.T. Ivanov; Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 264, 221 (1975) Abstract
Interaction of cyclic peptides and depsipeptides with calmodulin: K.A. Mereish, et al.; Pept. Res. 3, 233 (1990) Abstract
Enniatin has a new function as an inhibitor of Pdr5p, one of the ABC transporters in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: K. Hiraga, et al.; Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 328, 1119 (2005) Abstract
Enniatin exerts p53-dependent cytostatic and p53-independent cytotoxic activities against human cancer cells: R. Dornetshuber, et al.; Chem. Res. Toxicol. 20, 465 (2007) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

MDR Inhibitors • Other Toxins • Antitumor Antibiotics • Antibiotics - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators

ALX-380-032

Revised 19-Mar-08

Decoyinine
SYNONYMS	Angustmycin A U-7984 9-(6-Deoxy-D-β-erythro-hex-5-en-2-ulofuranosyl)-adenine
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Antibiotics - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-380-032-M001		1 mg	20.00 USD
ALX-380-032-M005		5 mg	60.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₁₁H₁₃N₅O₄
MW:	279.3
CAS NUMBER:	2004-04-8
RTECS:	AU6256000
SOURCE/HOST:	Natural fermentation product.
PURITY:	≥95%
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO (warm), water or 100% ethanol; poorly soluble in methanol.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
USE/STABILITY:	Stable for at least 1 year after receipt when stored at +4°C. Stock solutions are stable for 3 months when stored at -20°C.

Product Description

Nucleoside antibiotic. Antitumor compound. Inhibitor of xanthosin monophosphate (XMP) aminase. Inhibitor of RNA synthesis. Specific inhibitor of GMP synthase. Reduces intracellular GTP levels.

Product Specific Literature References

Studies on a new antibiotic, angustmycin: H. Sakai, et al.; J. Antibiot. 7, 116 (1954) Abstract
Studies on a new antibiotic, angustmycin. I: H. Yuntsen, et al.; J. Antibiot. 7, 113 (1954) Abstract
Studies on angustmycin. III: H. Yuntsen, et al.; J. Antibiot. 9, 195 (1956) Abstract
On the studies of angustmycins. VI. Chemical structure of angustmycin A: H. Yuntsen; J. Antibiot. 11, 79 (1958) Abstract
Purine nucleosides. XXII. The synthesis of angustmycin A (decoyinine) and related unsaturated nucleosides: J.R. McCarthy, Jr., et al.; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 90, 4993 (1968) Abstract
Effects of several tumor-inhibitory antibiotics on immunological responses: H. Yamaki, et al.; J. Antibiot. 22, 315 (1969) Abstract
Halo sugar nucleosides. 5. Synthesis of angustmycin A and some base analogues: E.J. Prisbe, et al.; J. Org. Chem. 41, 1836 (1976) Abstract
A decrease in GTP content is associated with aerial mycelium formation in Streptomyces MA406-A-1: K. Ochi; J. Gen. Microbiol. 132, 299 (1986) Abstract
Extracellular control of spore formation in Bacillus subtilis: A.D. Grossman & R. Losick; PNAS 85, 4369 (1988) Abstract; Full Text
Nucleoside antibiotics: structure, biological activity, and biosynthesis: K. Isono; J. Antibiot. 41, 1711 (1988) Abstract
A target for carbon source-dependent negative regulation of the citB promoter of Bacillus subtilis: A. Fouret & A.L. Sonenshein; J. Bacteriol. 172, 835 (1990) Abstract; Full Text
Sporulation of Streptomyces venezuelae in submerged cultures: M.A. Glazebrook, et al.; J. Gen. Microbiol. 136, 581 (1990) Abstract
Conformational studies on some Cl’-branched beta-D-nucleosides by 1H-NMR spectroscopy and molecular mechanics calculations: J. Plavec, et al.; J. Biochem. Biophys. Meth. 26, 317 (1993) Abstract
Biochemical characterization of human GMP synthetase: J. Nakamura & L. Lou; J. Biol. Chem. 270, 7347 (1995) Abstract; Full Text
Guanine nucleotides guanosine 5’-diphosphate 3’-diphosphate and GTP co-operatively regulate the production of an antibiotic bacilysin in Bacillus subtilis: T. Inaoka, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 278, 2169 (2003) Abstract; Full Text

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Antitumor Antibiotics • Antitumor Agents (Enzyme Inhibitors)

ALX-380-035

Revised 08-Apr-08

Neomycin . sulfate
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Antibiotics - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-380-035-G005		5 g	12.00 USD
ALX-380-035-G010		10 g	18.00 USD
ALX-380-035-G025		25 g	30.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₂₃H₄₆N₆O₁₃ . 3H₂SO₄
MW:	614.7 . 294.2
CAS NUMBER:	1405-10-3
MERCK INDEX:	14: 6454
RTECS:	QP4375000
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light and moisture.
HAZARD:	HARMFUL.

Product Description

Aminoglycoside antibiotic that inhibits translation by binding to the small subunit of prokaryotic ribosomes. Inhibitor of phospholipase C (PLC) due to binding to inositol phospholipids. Neomycin inhibits phosphatidylcholine-phospholipase D activity. Blocks voltage sensitive Ca²⁺ channels without affecting Na⁺/Ca²⁺ antiporters in nerve cells.

Product Specific Literature References

Effects of neomycin on calcium and polyphosphoinositide metabolism of guinea pig synaptosomes: H.D. Griffin, et al.; J. Neurochem. 34, 750 (1980) Abstract
Phosphoinositides in mitogenesis: neomycin inhibits thrombin-stimulated phosphoinositide turnover and initiation of cell proliferation: D.H. Carney, et al.; Cell 42, 479 (1985) Abstract
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate: a possible chemical link in excitation- contraction coupling in muscle: J. Vergara, et al.; PNAS 82, 6352 (1985) Abstract
Neomycin is a potent agent for arachidonic acid release in human platelets: S. Nakashima, et al.; BBRC 146, 820 (1987) Abstract
Binding of neomycin to phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2): E. Gabev, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 979, 105 (1989) Abstract
Inhibition of neural phospholipase D activity by aminoglycoside antibiotics: M. Liscovitch, et al.; Biochem. J. 279, 319 (1991) Abstract
Gadolinium and neomycin block voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels without interfering with the Na(+)-Ca2+ antiporter in brain nerve endings: L.M. Canzoniero, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 245, 97 (1993) Abstract
Neomycin inhibition of hormone-stimulated smooth muscle contractions in myometrial tissue: M. Philippe; BBRC 205, 245 (1994) Abstract
Nerve extracts and substance P activate the phosphatidylinositol signaling pathway and mitogenesis in newt forelimb regenerates: M.J. Smith, et al.; Dev. Biol. 167, 239 (1995) Abstract
Antiproliferative action of neomycin is associated with inhibition of cyclin D1 activation in glioma cells: P. Cuevas, et al.; Neurol. Res. 25, 961 (2003) Abstract
Neomycin inhibits glioma cell migration: P. Cuevas, et al.; Neurol. Res. 26, 273 (2004) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Phospholipase C / Related Products • Phospholipase D / Related Products • Ca2+ Channels Other Products

ALX-380-041

Revised 08-Aug-08

Tautomycin
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Antibiotics - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-380-041-C025		25 µg	180.00 USD
ALX-380-041-C050		50 µg	235.00 USD
ALX-380-041-C100		100 µg	440.00 USD