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ALX-445-006 Revised 03-Dec-07
4α-Phorbol 12,13-didecanoate
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SYNONYMS 4α-PDD
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Phorbols/Phorbol Esters
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-445-006-M001   1 mg 35.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-445-006-M005   5 mg 110.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C40H64O8
MW: 672.9
CAS NUMBER: 27536-56-7
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: Lyophilized.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO, methanol, 100% ethanol, acetone, ether or dimethyl formamide.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Stock solution cannot be made in aqueous media. Compound must be dissolved in an organic solvent prior to dilution into aqueous media. Add calculated volume of organic solvent to vial to prepare concentrated stock solution. Intermediate dilutions into the same organic solvent are recommended prior to final dilution into aqueous media.
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: HIGHLY IRRITANT. VERY TOXIC. MAY BE CARCINOGENIC.

Product Description
Activator of TRPV4. Negative control for phorbol 12,13-didecanoate (PDD) (Prod. No. ALX-445-002).
Product Specific Literature References
TRPV4 calcium entry channel: a paradigm for gating diversity: B. Nilius, et al.; Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol. 286, C195 (2004) Abstract
Activation of TRPV4 channels (hVRL-2/mTRP12) by phorbol derivatives: H. Watanabe, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 277, 13569 (2002) Abstract
Related Products
 
 
ALX-350-319 Revised 03-Apr-08
Avarol
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SYNONYMS NSC306951
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Chemopreventive Agents
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-350-319-M001   1 mg 185.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C21H30O2
MW: 314.5
CAS NUMBER: 55303-98-5
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from marine sponge Dysidea avara.
PURITY: ≥97% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: Brown solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO or 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
IDENTITY: Determined by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and MS.

Product Description
Cytostatic agent which has potent antileukemic activity both in vitro and in vivo (mice). Also displays antibacterial and antifungal activities against a limited range of microorganisms. Inhibits HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
Product Specific Literature References
Antimicrobial activity of avarol, a sesquiterpenoid hydroquinone from the marine sponge, Dysidea avara: L. Cariello, et al.; Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 71, 281 (1982) Abstract
Antimutagenic activity of the novel antileukemic agents, avarone and avarol: B. Kurelec, et al.; Mutat. Res. 144, 63 (1985) Abstract
Potent antileukemic activity of the novel cytostatic agent avarone and its analogues in vitro and in vivo: W.E. Muller, et al.; Cancer Res. 45, 4822 (1985) Abstract
Inhibition of mitosis by avarol, a natural product isolated from the sponge Dysidea avara: W.E. Muller, et al.; Basic Appl. Histochem. 29, 321 (1985) Abstract
Biphasic and differential effects of the cytostatic agents avarone and avarol on DNA metabolism of human and murine T and B lymphocytes: W.E. Muller, et al.; Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol. 22, 473 (1986) Abstract
Avarol-induced DNA strand breakage in vitro and in Friend erythroleukemia cells: W.E. Muller, et al.; Cancer Res. 47, 6565 (1987) Abstract
Inhibition of replication of the etiologic agent of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (human T-lymphotropic retrovirus/lymphadenopathy-associated virus) by avarol and avarone: P.S. Sarin, et al.; J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 78, 663 (1987) Abstract
Action of the antileukemic and anti-HTLV-III (anti-HIV) agent avarol on the levels of superoxide dismutases and glutathione peroxidase activities in L5178y mouse lymphoma cells: E. Batke, et al.; Cell Biochem. Funct. 6, 123 (1988) Abstract
Induction of gamma-interferon by avarol in human peripheral blood lymphocytes: R. Voth, et al.; Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 79, 647 (1988) Abstract
Suppression of the modulatory effects of the antileukemic and anti-human immunodeficiency virus compound avarol on gene expression by tryptophan: H.C. Schroder, et al.; Cancer Res. 49, 2069 (1989) Abstract
The inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase by avarol and avarone derivatives: S. Loya and A. Hizi; FEBS Lett. 269, 131 (1990) Abstract; Full Text
Avarol restores the altered prostaglandin and leukotriene metabolism in monocytes infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1: H.C. Schroder, et al.; Virus Res. 21, 213 (1991) Abstract
Effect of avarol and avarone on in vitro-induced microsomal lipid peroxidation: M.A. Belisario, et al.; Toxicology 72, 221 (1992) Abstract
Avarol and avarone, two new anti-inflammatory agents of marine origin: M.L. Ferrandiz, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 253, 75 (1994) Abstract
In vitro effect of avarone and avarol, a quinone/hydroquinone couple of marine origin, on platelet aggregation: M.A. Belisario, et al.; Pharmacol. Toxicol. 79, 300 (1996) Abstract
Application of cell culture for the production of bioactive compounds from sponges: synthesis of avarol by primmorphs from Dysidea avara: W.E. Muller, et al.; J. Nat. Prod. 63, 1077 (2000) Abstract
Potential antipsoriatic avarol derivatives as antioxidants and inhibitors of PGE(2) generation and proliferation in the HaCaT cell line: M. Amigo, et al.; J. Nat. Prod. 67, 1459 (2004) Abstract
Sustainable production of bioactive compounds by sponges--cell culture and gene cluster approach: a review: W.E. Muller, et al.; Mar. Biotechnol. (NY) 6, 105 (2004) Abstract
Reactivity and biological activity of the marine sesquiterpene hydroquinone avarol and related compounds from sponges of the order Dictyoceratida: D. Sladic & M.J. Gasic; Molecules 11, 1 (2006) Abstract
Evaluation of the activity of the sponge metabolites avarol and avarone and their synthetic derivatives against fouling micro- and macroorganisms: M. Tsoukatou, et al.; Molecules 12, 1022 (2007) Abstract
 
 
ALX-270-244 Revised 03-Apr-08
Caffeic acid phenylethyl ester
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SYNONYMS CAPE
Phenethyl caffeiate
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents
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ALX-270-244-M010   10 mg 20.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-244-M050   50 mg 60.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C17H16O4
MW: 284.3
CAS NUMBER: 115610-29-2
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic.
PURITY: ≥97% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol, methanol, acetone or acetonitrile; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Stable for at least one year after receipt when stored at –20°C.
HANDLING: Protect from light and moisture.
HAZARD: IRRITANT.

Product Description
Active component of propolis from honeybee hives, known to have anti-mitogenic, anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. Potent and specific inhibitor of NF-κB activation, induced by TNF-α (Prod. No. ALX-522-008 (human) or Prod. No. ALX-522-009 (mouse)), PMA (Prod. No. ALX-445-004) and other inflammatory agents. Exhibits inhibitory activity against HIV-1 integrase (IC50=7µM). Suppresses lipid peroxidation and inhibits ornithine decarboxylase, protein tyrosine kinase and lipoxygenase activities. Induces apoptosis.
Product Specific Literature References
Hydroxylated aromatic inhibitors of HIV-1 integrase: T.R. Burke Jr., et al.; J. Med. Chem. 38, 4171 (1995) Abstract
Apoptosis and altered redox state induced by caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) in transformed rat fibroblast cells: C. Chiao, et al.; Cancer Res. 55, 3576 (1995) Abstract
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester is a potent and specific inhibitor of activation of nuclear transcription factor NF-kappa B: K. Natarajan, et al.; PNAS 93, 9090 (1996) Abstract
Inhibitory effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on the activity and expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in human oral epithelial cells and in a rat model of inflammation: P. Michaluart, et al.; Cancer Res. 59, 2347 (1999) Abstract
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester induces leukocyte apoptosis, modulates nuclear factor-kappa B and suppresses acute inflammation: Z. Orban, et al.; Neuroimmunomodulation 7, 99 (2000) Abstract
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester inhibits T-cell activation by targeting both nuclear factor of activated T-cells and NF-kappaB transcription factors: N. Marquez, et al.; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 308, 993 (2004) Abstract
Caffeic acid derivatives: in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties: F.M. da Cunha, et al.; Free Radic. Res. 38, 1241 (2004) Abstract
Drastic effect of several caffeic acid derivatives on the induction of heme oxygenase-1 expression revealed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR: K. Suzuki, et al.; Biofactors 28, 151 (2006) Abstract
 
 
ALX-400-051 Revised 06-Dec-07
Cyclophosphamide . monohydrate
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SYNONYMS 2-[Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]tetrahydro-2H-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorine-2-oxide
Cytoxan
PRODUCT LINE Cell Death / Apoptosis / Autophagy
PRODUCT CATEGORY Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors Other Products
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ALX-400-051-G001   1 g 35.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-400-051-G005   5 g 98.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C7H15CI2N2O2P . H2O
MW: 261.1 . 18.0
CAS NUMBER: 6055-19-2
MERCK INDEX: 14: 2747
RTECS: RP6157750
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic.
PURITY: ≥97%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water; slightly soluble in 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: TOXIC. MAY BE CARCINOGENIC.

Product Description
Alkylates DNA, forming DNA-DNA cross-links that result in inhibition of DNA synthesis and cell death. Interestingly the repair enzyme O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase, long thought to be involved with resistance to methylating and chloroethylating agents, may also contribute to resistance to the cytotoxic and mutagenic effects of cyclophosphamide.
Product Specific Literature References
Induction of apoptosis in murine tumors by cyclophosphamide: R.E. Meyn, et al.; Cancer.Chemother. Pharmacol. 33, 410 (1994) Abstract
An overview of cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide pharmacology: R.A. Fleming; Pharmacotherapy 17, 146S (1997) Abstract
Mechanisms of resistance to the toxicity of cyclophosphamide: M.P. Gamcsik, et al.; Curr. Pharm. Des. 5, 587 (1999) Abstract
Ginsenoside Rh(2) enhances antitumour activity and decreases genotoxic effect of cyclophosphamide: Z. Wang, et al.; Basic Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 98, 411 (2006) Abstract
Protective effect of curcumin and chlorophyllin against DNA mutation induced by cyclophosphamide or benzo[a]pyrene: M.A. Ibrahim, et al.; Z. Naturforsch. 62, 215 (2007) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Antitumor Agents (DNA Interaction & Gene Regulation)
 
 
ALX-380-260 Revised 07-Apr-08
Idarubicin . hydrochloride
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SYNONYMS Idamycin
DMDR
4-Demethoxydaunorubicin
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors
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ALX-380-260-M001   1 mg 45.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-260-M005   5 mg 180.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C26H27NO9 . HCl
MW: 497.5 . 36.5
CAS NUMBER: 57852-57-0
MERCK INDEX: 14: 4886
RTECS: HB7877000
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: Orange crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water or methanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: VERY TOXIC. MAY BE TERATOGENIC. MAY BE CARCINOGENIC.

Product Description
More potent, lipophilic and antineoplastic analog of daunorubicin. DNA-damaging effect includes DNA oxidation and methylation, DNA intercalation, inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of DNA strand breaks and delay of cell cycle progression. Inhibitor of topoisomerase IIα. Produces endonucleolytic cleavage and is a marker of apoptosis.
Product Specific Literature References
Idarubicin (4-demethoxydaunorubicin). A preliminary overview of preclinical and clinical studies: F. Ganzina, et al.; Invest. New Drugs 4, 85 (1986), Review Abstract
Antitumor activity of idarubicin, a derivative of daunorubicin, against drug sensitive and resistant P388 leukemia: T. Tsuruo, et al.; Anticancer Res. 13, 357 (1993) Abstract
Study of apoptosis-related responses of leukemic blast cells to in vitro anthracycline treatment: M.A. Belaud-Rotureau, et al.; Leukemia 14, 1266 (2000) Abstract
A comparison of the in vitro genotoxicity of anticancer drugs idarubicin and mitoxantrone: J. Blasiak, et al.; Acta Biochim. Pol. 49, 145 (2002) Abstract; Full Text
Repair of idarubicin-induced DNA damage: A cause of resistance?: D.C. Dartsch & F. Gieseler; DNA Repair (Amst) 6, 1618 (2007) Abstract
 
 
ALX-270-445 Revised 20-Jul-06
ALK5 Inhibitor II
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SYNONYMS TGF-β RI Kinase Inhibitor II
2-(3-(6-Methylpyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1,5-naphthyridine
PRODUCT LINE Chemokines & Cytokines
PRODUCT CATEGORY Transforming Growth Factor beta [TGFbeta] & Receptors/Related Products
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ALX-270-445-M001   1 mg 60.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-445-M005   5 mg 240.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C17H13N5
MW: 287.3
PURITY: ≥97% (1H-NMR)
APPEARANCE: Yellow solid.
SOLUBILITY: 5mg/ml soluble in DMSO or methanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Stable for 2 years after receipt when stored at -20°C. Stock solutions are stable for up to 6 months when stored at -20°C.
HANDLING: Protect from light.

Product Description
Cell permeable, potent, selective and ATP-competitive inhibitor of TGF-β RI kinase (IC50=23nM, 4nM and 18nM for binding, auto-phosphorylation and cellular assay in HepG2 cells of TGF-β RI kinase, respectively). Minimally affects a panel of 9 closely related kinases including p38 MAPK (IC50>16µM).
Product Specific Literature References
Identification of 1,5-naphthyridine derivatives as a novel series of potent and selective TGF-beta type I receptor inhibitors: F. Gellibert, et al.; J. Med. Chem. 47, 4494 (2004) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
MAPK Pathway Inhibitors
 
 
ALX-260-005 Revised 03-Mar-05
Chymostatin
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SYNONYMS (S)-1-Carboxy-2-phenylethyl)-carbamoyl-α-[2-iminohexahydro-4(S)-pyrimidyl]-(S)-glycyl-X-phenylalaninal
PRODUCT LINE Cancer
PRODUCT CATEGORY Cathepsin Inhibitors
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ALX-260-005-M001   1 mg 22.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-260-005-M005   5 mg 75.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C21H38N4O8
MW: 605.0 (average)
CAS NUMBER: 9076-44-2
SOURCE/HOST: Microbial.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO (20 mg/ml) or glacial acetic acid.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C

Product Description
Inhibitor of serine proteinases having a chymotrypsin-like specificity like α-, β-, δ- and γ-chymotrypsin, chymases, cathepsin G, and most cysteine proteinases including papain and cathepsin A, B, H, and L. Mixture of type A (R=L-Leu), type B (R=L-Val), type C (R=L-Ile).
Product Specific Literature References
Chymostatin, a new chymotrypsin inhibitor produced by actinomycetes: H. Umezawa, et al.; J. Antibiot. 23, 425 (1970) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Proteases Other Products
 
 
ALX-260-007 Revised 16-Feb-05
E-64
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SYNONYMS N-[N-(L-3-trans-Carboxyoxirane-2-carbonyl]-L-leucyl)-agmatine
L-trans-Epoxysuccinyl-leucylamide-(4-guanido)-butane
PRODUCT LINE Cancer
PRODUCT CATEGORY Cathepsin Inhibitors
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-260-007-M005   5 mg 55.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-260-007-M025   25 mg 195.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C15H27N5O5
MW: 357.4
CAS NUMBER: 66701-25-5
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic.
PURITY: ≥99%
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO or water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.

Product Description
Irreversible inhibitor of cysteine proteinases like papain, cathepsin B and L. Acts by forming a thioether bond with the thiol of the active cysteine. Does not inhibit serine proteinases.
Product Specific Literature References
K. Hanada, et al.; Agric. Biol. Chem. 42, 529 (1978)
K. Hanada, et al.; Agric. Biol. Chem. 42, 523 (1978)
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Proteases Other Products
 
 
ALX-260-014 Revised 16-Feb-05
Calpeptin
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SYNONYMS Z-Leu-norleucinal
PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY Calpains/Related Products
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ALX-260-014-M005   5 mg 85.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-260-014-M010   10 mg 160.00 USD