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Alkaloids
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ALX-380-012 Revised 16-Jun-08
Cytochalasin B
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SYNONYMS Phomin
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics for Cytoskeletal Research
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-380-012-M001   1 mg 35.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-012-M005   5 mg 90.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-012-M025   25 mg 380.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C29H37NO5
MW: 479.6
CAS NUMBER: 14930-96-2
MERCK INDEX: 14: 2790
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Drechslera dematoidea.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in methanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: TOXIC.

Product Description
Antibiotic. Cell permeable mycotoxin. Inhibits cytoplasmic division by blocking the formation of contractile microfilaments. Shortens actin filaments by blocking monomer addition at the fast-growing end of polymers. Inhibits glucose transport and platelet aggregation. Blocks adenosine-induced apoptotic body formation without affecting activation of endogenous ADP-ribosylation in leukemia HL-60 cells.
Product Specific Literature References
Cytochalasin B: effects on cell morphology, cell adhesion, and mucopolysaccharide synthesis (cultured cells-contractile microfilaments-glycoproteins-embryonic cells-sorting-out): J.W. Sanger & H. Holtzer; PNAS 69, 253 (1972) Abstract
Cytochalasin B: inhibition of glucose and glucosamine transport: R.D. Ebstensen & P.G. Plagemann; PNAS 69, 1430 (1972) Abstract
Effects of cytochalasin B on endocytosis and exocytosis: P. Davies & A.C. Allison; Front. Biol. 46, 143 (1978), Review Abstract
Effect of cytochalasin B on glucose uptake, utilization, oxidation and insulinotropic action in tumoral insulin-producing cells: W.J. Malaisse, et al.; Cell Biochem. Funct. 5, 183 (1987) Abstract
Apoptosis induced by adenosine in human leukemia HL-60 cells: Y. Tanaka, et al.; Exp. Cell Res. 213, 242 (1994) Abstract
Cytochalasin B may shorten actin filaments by a mechanism independent of barbed end capping: P.A. Theodoropoulos, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 47, 1875 (1994) Abstract
The inhibition of GLUT1 glucose transport and cytochalasin B binding activity by tricyclic antidepressants: H.B. Pinkofsky, et al.; Life Sci. 66, 271 (2000) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Microtubule Modulators • Alkaloids • Actin / Related Products • Antithrombotic Agents / Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Related Products • Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors Other Products
 
 
ALX-350-053 Revised 03-Apr-08
Cytochalasin B, Dihydro-
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics for Cytoskeletal Research
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ALX-350-053-M001   1 mg 285.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C29H39NO5
MW: 481.6
CAS NUMBER: 39156-67-7
MERCK INDEX: 14: 2790
SOURCE/HOST: Semisynthetic. Derived from cytochalasin B (Prod. No. ALX-380-012), which was isolated from Drechslera dematoidea.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: White solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in or acetone, DMSO or 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: TOXIC.

Product Description
Used as tool in cytological research and in characterization of polymerization properties of actin.
Product Specific Literature References
Dihydrocytochalasin B. Biological effects and binding to 3T3 cells: S.J. Atlas & S. Lin; J. Cell. Biol. 76, 360 (1978) Abstract
Microfilament modification by dihydrocytochalasin B causes retinoic acid-modulated chondrocytes to reexpress the differentiated collagen phenotype without a change in shape: P.D. Benya, et al.; J. Cell Biol. 106, 161 (1988) Abstract
Dihydrocytochalasin B enhances transforming growth factor-beta-induced reexpression of the differentiated chondrocyte phenotype without stimulation of collagen synthesis: P.D. Benya & S.R. Padilla; Exp. Cell Res. 204, 268 (1993) Abstract
Complex regulation of human neutrophil activation by actin filaments: dihydrocytochalasin B and botulinum C2 toxin uncover the existence of multiple cation entry pathways: K. Wenzel-Seifert, et al.; J. Leukoc. Biol. 61, 703 (1997) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Microtubule Modulators • Alkaloids • Actin / Related Products
 
 
ALX-380-069 Revised 26-Jun-08
Cytochalasin C
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics for Cytoskeletal Research
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ALX-380-069-M001   1 mg 60.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-069-M005   5 mg 240.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C30H37NO6
MW: 507.6
CAS NUMBER: 22144-76-9
MERCK INDEX: 14: 2790
RTECS: HA5300500
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Metarhizium anisopliae.
PURITY: ≥98% (TLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol or dichloromethane.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: MAY BE TERATOGENIC. VERY TOXIC.

Product Description
Antibiotic. Disrupts the actin microfilament cytoskeleton and inhibits the cytoplasmic dividing of a cell. Has been found to be ten times less toxic in mice than cytochalasin D (Prod. No. ALX-380-031) but with essentially the same biological effectiveness against cells in culture.
Product Specific Literature References
Actin assembly activity of cytochalasins and cytochalasin analogs assayed using fluorescence photobleaching recovery: E.A. Walling, et al.; Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 264, 321 (1988) Abstract
Alteration in cell morphology triggers transforming growth factor-beta 1, collagenase, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-I expression in normal and hypertrophic scar fibroblasts: M. Varedi, et al.; J. Invest. Dermatol. 104, 118 (1995) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Microtubule Modulators • Alkaloids
 
 
ALX-380-031 Revised 29-Apr-08
Cytochalasin D
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics for Cytoskeletal Research
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ALX-380-031-M001   1 mg 60.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-031-M005   5 mg 240.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C30H37NO6
MW: 507.6
CAS NUMBER: 22144-77-0
MERCK INDEX: 14: 2790
RTECS: GZ4850000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Zygosporium mansonii.
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in methylene chloride (10mg/ml); slighly soluble in DMSO (2mg/ml).
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: VERY TOXIC.

Product Description
Antibiotic. Is ~10-fold more potent than cytochalasin B (Prod. No. ALX-380-012) in inhibiting actin filament function, but does not inhibit sugar transport in cells. Inactivates low conductance K+ channels. Modulates CD4 cross-linking in T-lymphocytes and increases intracellular Ca2+ levels. Exhibits antitumor activity. Induces apoptosis.
Product Specific Literature References
Antitumor activity of cytochalasin D: K. Katagiri & S. Matsuura; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 24, 722 (1971) Abstract
Effects of cytochalasin and phalloidin on actin: J.A. Cooper; J. Cell. Biol. 105, 1473 (1987) Abstract
Cytochalasin D modulates CD4 crosslinking sensitive mitogenic signal in T lymphocytes: A. Aszalos, et al.; Cell Immunol. 157, 81 (1994) Abstract
Involvement of actin cytoskeleton in modulation of apical K channel activity in rat collecting duct: W.H. Wang, et al.; Am. J. Physiol. 267, F592 (1994) Abstract
Myosin-actin interaction plays an important role in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 release from host cells: H. Sasaki, et al.; PNAS 92, 2026 (1995) Abstract
Signaling pathways involved in thrombin-induced cell protection: F.M. Donovan & D.D. Cunningham; J. Biol. Chem. 273, 12746 (1998) Abstract; Full Text
The role of actin-binding protein 280 in integrin-dependent mechanoprotection: M. Glogauer, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 273, 1689 (1998) Abstract; Full Text
Disruption of actin microfilaments by cytochalasin D leads to activation of p53: S.N. Rubtsova, et al.; FEBS Lett. 430, 353 (1998) Abstract
Hexokinase translocation during neutrophil activation, chemotaxis, and phagocytosis: disruption by cytochalasin D, dexamethasone, and indomethacin: J.B. Huang, et al.; Cell Immunol. 218, 95 (2002) Abstract
Human chorionic gonadotropin and decidualization in vitro inhibits cytochalasin-D-induced apoptosis in cultured endometrial stromal fibroblasts: A. Jasinska, et al.; Endocrinology 147, 4112 (2006) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Microtubule Modulators • Alkaloids • Antitumor Antibiotics • Antibiotics - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors
 
 
ALX-380-062 Revised 03-Apr-08
Cytochalasin E
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics for Cytoskeletal Research
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ALX-380-062-M001   1 mg 40.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-062-M005   5 mg 160.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C28H33NO7
MW: 495.6
CAS NUMBER: 36011-19-5
MERCK INDEX: 14: 2790
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Aspergillus clavatus.
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: TOXIC.

Product Description
Antibiotic. Inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth. Depolymerizes actin filaments.
Product Specific Literature References
Inhibition of actin polymerization in blood platelets by cytochalasins: J.E. Fox & D.R. Phillips; Nature 292, 650 (1981) Abstract
Cytochalasin-E-Resistant Mutants of Coprinus cinereus: Isolation and Genetic, Biochemical, and Cytological Analyses: M. Tsukamoto, et al.; Fungal Genet. Biol. 20, 52 (1996) Abstract
Cytochalasin E, an epoxide containing Aspergillus-derived fungal metabolite, inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth: T. Udagawa, et al.; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 294, 421 (2000) Abstract
Depolymerization of actin filament by cytochalasin E induces interleukin-8 production and up-regulates CD54 in the HeLa epithelial cell line: N. Ikewaki, et al.; Microbiol. Immunol. 47, 775 (2003) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Interleukins Other Products • Antibiotics for Angiogenesis Research • Microtubule Modulators • Alkaloids • Actin / Related Products • Antitumor Antibiotics
 
 
ALX-350-290 Revised 18-Nov-08
Debromohymenialdisine
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SYNONYMS DBH
4-(2-Amino-4-oxo-2-imidazolin-5-ylidene)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrrolo[2,3-c]azepin-8-one
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Protein Kinase Inhibitors
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ALX-350-290-C100   100 µg 90.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C11H11N5O2
MW: 245.2
CAS NUMBER: 75593-17-8, 125118-55-0
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from sponge Axinella carteri.
PURITY: ≥95% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: Yellow solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol or DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light. Keep under inert gas.
IDENTITY: Identity determined by 1H-NMR and MS.

Product Description
Inhibitor of G2 DNA damage checkpoint (IC50=8µM) and check point kinases 1 (Chk1) (IC50=3µM) and 2 (Chk2) (IC50=3.5µM) [1,3]. Unlike other checkpoint inhibitors DBH does not inhibit ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) or ATM-Rad3-related protein. Also inhibits MAP kinase kinase 1 (MEK-1) (IC50=881nM) but is not as potent as 10Z-hymenialdisine (Prod. No. ALX-350-289) (IC50=6nM) [2].
Product Specific Literature References
[1] Inhibition of the G2 DNA damage checkpoint and of protein kinases Chk1 and Chk2 by the marine sponge alkaloid debromohymenialdisine: D. Curman, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 276, 17914 (2001) Abstract; Full Text
[2] Aldisine alkaloids from the Philippine sponge Stylissa massa are potent inhibitors of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase-1 (MEK-1): D. Tasdemir, et al.; J. Med. Chem. 45, 529 (2002) Abstract
[3] G2 checkpoint abrogators as anticancer drugs: T. Kawabe; Mol. Cancer Ther. 3, 513 (2004) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
MAPK Pathway Inhibitors • Alkaloids • Natural Products for Cell Cycle Research • Chk1 & Chk2 / Related Products • Marine Natural Products
 
 
ALX-580-001 Revised 21-May-08
Deoxygalactonojirimycin . hydrochloride
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SYNONYMS Galactostatin . HCl
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators
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ALX-580-001-M001   1 mg 40.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-580-001-M005   5 mg 150.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C6H13NO4 . HCl
MW: 163.2 . 36.5
CAS NUMBER: 108147-54-2
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: Lyophilized.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C

Product Description
Potent and selective α-D-galactosidase inhibitor. Small molecule chemical chaperone.
Product Specific Literature References
Monosaccharides Containing Nitrogen in the Ring, XXXVII. Synthesis of 1,5-Dideoxy-1,5-imino-D-galactitol: H. Paulsen, et al.; Chem. Ber. 113, 2601 (1980)
Synthesis of 5-amino-5-deoxy-D-galactopyranose and 1,5-dideoxy-1,5-imino-D-galactitol, and their inhibition of alpha- and beta-D-galactosidases: G. Legler & S. Pohl; Carbohydr. Res. 155, 119 (1986) Abstract
In vitro inhibition and intracellular enhancement of lysosomal alpha-galactosidase A activity in Fabry lymphoblasts by 1-deoxygalactonojirimycin and its derivatives: N. Asano, et al.; Eur. J. Biochem. 267, 4179 (2000) Abstract
A synthetic chaperone corrects the trafficking defect and disease phenotype in a protein misfolding disorder: G.H. Yam, et al.; FASEB J. 19, 12 (2005) Abstract
Active-site-specific chaperone therapy for Fabry disease. Yin and Yang of enzyme inhibitors: J. Q. Fan & S. Ishii; FEBS J. 274, 4962 (2007) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Glycosidases / Related Products • Alkaloids
 
 
ALX-580-002 Revised 03-Apr-08
1-Deoxymannojirimycin . hydrochloride
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators
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ALX-580-002-M001   1 mg 26.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-580-002-M005   5 mg 78.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C6H13NO4. HCl
MW: 163.2 . 36.5
CAS NUMBER: 84444-90-6
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water, methanol (warm) or DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: HARMFUL.

Product Description
Potent inhibitor of α-mannosidase I. Blocks the biosynthesis of complex-type oligosaccharides. Does not inhibit the biosynthesis of lipid-linked oligosaccharides. Induces ER stress in human cells.
Product Specific Literature References
Inhibitors of oligosaccharide processing: U. Fuhrmann, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 825, 95 (1985) Abstract
Secretion of high-mannose-type alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor and alpha 1- acid glycoprotein by primary cultures of rat hepatocytes in the presence of the mannosidase I inhibitor 1-deoxymannojirimycin: V. Gross, et al.; Eur. J. Biochem. 150, 41 (1985) Abstract
The use of 1-deoxymannojirimycin to evaluate the role of various alpha- mannosidases in oligosaccharide processing in intact cells: J. Bischoff, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 261, 4766 (1986) Abstract; Full Text
Effect of retinyl acetate on the assembly of the fibronectin extracellular matrix and the processing of the fibronectin receptor beta subunit of confluent C3H/10T1/2 mouse embryo fibroblasts: S.S. Suzuki & L.H. Piette; J. Cell. Biochem. 51, 181 (1993) Abstract
1-Deoxymannojirimycin, the alpha1,2-mannosidase inhibitor, induced cellular endoplasmic reticulum stress in human hepatocarcinoma cell 7721: Y. Lu, et al.; Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 344, 221 (2006) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Glycosidases / Related Products • Alkaloids
 
 
ALX-580-003 Revised 19-Feb-08
1-Deoxynojirimycin
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators
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ALX-580-003-M001   1 mg 28.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-580-003-M005   5 mg 98.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C6H13NO4
MW: 163.2
CAS NUMBER: 19130-96-2
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Bacillus subtilis strain.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C

Product Description
Inhibitor of mammalian glucosidases I and II.
Product Specific Literature References
Effects of the glucosidase inhibitors nojirimycin and deoxynojirimycin on the biosynthesis of membrane and secretory glycoproteins: N. Peyrieras, et al.; EMBO J. 2, 823 (1983) Abstract
Characterization of Bacillus subtilis DSM704 and its production of 1-deoxynojirimycin: D.C. Stein, et al.; Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 48, 280 (1984) Abstract
Inhibition of N-linked oligosaccharide trimming does not interfere with surface expression of certain integral membrane proteins: B. Burke, et al.; EMBO J. 3, 551 (1984) Abstract
Purification by affinity chromatography of glucosidase I, an endoplasmic reticulum hydrolase involved in the processing of asparagine-linked oligosaccharides: H. Hettkamp, et al.; Eur. J. Biochem. 142, 85 (1984) Abstract
Inhibitors of oligosaccharide processing: U. Fuhrmann, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 825, 95 (1985) Abstract
Identification of a novel mechanism for the removal of glucose residues from high mannose-type oligosaccharides: K. Suh, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 267, 21671 (1992) Abstract; Full Text
Deoxynojirimycin: synthesis and biological activity
: A. B. Hughes & A. J. Rudge; Nat. Prod. Rep. 11, 135 (1994), (Review)