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Cell Death / Apoptosis / Autophagy
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ALX-260-037 Revised 30-May-07
Calpain Inhibitor I
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SYNONYMS Ac-LL-Norleucinal
Ac-Leu-Leu-Nle-CHO
PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY Calpains/Related Products
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-260-037-M010   10 mg 80.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-260-037-M050   50 mg 310.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C20H37N3O4
MW: 383.5
CAS NUMBER: 110044-82-1
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic.
PURITY: ≥96% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol or methanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HANDLING: Protect from light and moisture.
Product Description
Inhibits calpain I (Ki=190nM), calpain II (Ki=220nM), cathepsin B (Ki=150nM) and cathepsin L (Ki=0.5nM). Inhibits neutral cysteine proteases and the proteasome. Protects against neuronal damage caused by hypoxia and ischemia. Inhibits apoptosis in thymocytes and metamyelocytes. Inhibits cell cycle progression at the G1/S border and metaphase/anaphase in CHO cells by inhibiting cyclin B degradation. Also prevents nitric oxide production by activated macrophages by interfering with the transcription of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS; NOS II). Inhibits the proteolysis of IκB-α and IκB-β by the ubiquitin-proteasome complex.
Product Specific Literature References
Serine and cysteine proteinase inhibitors prevent nitric oxide production by activated macrophages by interfering with transcription of the inducible NO synthase gene: J.M. Griscavage, et al.; BBRC 215, 721 (1995) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Proteasome/Related Products • Cathepsin Inhibitors • Proteases Other Products
 
 
ALX-260-038 Revised 15-Nov-05
Calpain Inhibitor II
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SYNONYMS Ac-LLM-CHO
Ac-Leu-Leu-Met-CHO
PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY Calpains/Related Products
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-260-038-M010   10 mg 75.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-260-038-M050   50 mg 290.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C19H35N3O4S
MW: 401.6
CAS NUMBER: 110115-07-6
PURITY: ≥96%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol, methanol or DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Stock solutions are stable for up to 3 months when stored at -20°C.
HANDLING: Protect from light and moisture.
Product Description
Inhibitor of calpain I, calpain II, cathepsin B and cathepsin L.
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Cathepsin Inhibitors
 
 
ALX-260-014 Revised 19-Aug-08
Calpeptin
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SYNONYMS Z-Leu-norleucinal
PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY Calpains/Related Products
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ALX-260-014-M005   5 mg 85.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-260-014-M010   10 mg 160.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C20H30N2O4
MW: 362.5
CAS NUMBER: 117591-20-5
PURITY: ≥94% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY: 5mg/ml soluble in DMSO or dimethyl formamide.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Stock solutions are stable for up to 2 months when stored at -20°C.
HANDLING: Packaged under inert gas. After reconstitution, prepare aliquots and store at -20°C. Protect from light and moisture.

Product Description
Membrane permeable inhibitor of calpain I and II and cathepsin L. Promotes neurite elongation in differentiating PC12 cells. Prevents Ca2+-ionophore induced degradation of actin binding protein and P235 in platelets. Inhibits myosin light chain phosphorylation in platelets stimulated by collagen, ionomycin (Prod. No. ALX-450-006) or thrombin.
Product Specific Literature References
Inhibitory effect of di- and tripeptidyl aldehydes on calpains and cathepsins: T. Sasaki, et al.; J. Enz. Inhib. 3, 195 (1990) Abstract
Cell-penetrating inhibitors of calpain: S. Mehdi; TIBS 16, 150 (1991) Abstract
Specificity of calcium-activated neutral proteinase (CANP) inhibitors for human mu CANP and mCANP: K. Saito and R.A. Nixon; Neurochem. Res. 18, 231 (1993) Abstract
Calpeptin, a calpain inhibitor, promotes neurite elongation in differentiating PC12 cells: M. Pinter, et al.; Neurosci. Lett. 170, 91 (1994) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Cathepsin Inhibitors
 
 
ALX-350-027 Revised 19-Aug-08
Calphostin C
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SYNONYMS UCN-1028C
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Protein Kinase Inhibitors
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ALX-350-027-C100   100 µg 85.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-027-M001   1 mg 595.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C44H38O14
MW: 790.8
CAS NUMBER: 121263-19-2
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Cladosporium cladosporioides MST-FP1798.
PURITY: ≥95% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: Dark red solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol, methanol, DMSO or dimethyl formamide; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
USE/STABILITY: Stock solutions are stable for 3 months when stored at -20°C.
HANDLING: Protect from light.

Product Description
Potent and selective inhibitor of the protein kinase C (PKC) regulatory site of diacylglycerol and phorbol esters. At higher concentrations inhibits myosin light chain kinase, cAMP-dependent protein kinase, protein kinase G and pp60v-src protein tyrosine kinase. Induces apoptotic DNA fragmentation and cell death. Kills breast cancer cells. Has antiviral potential. Inhibits cardiac L-type Ca2+ channels.
Product Specific Literature References
Calphostin C (UCN-1028C), a novel microbial compound, is a highly potent and specific inhibitor of protein kinase C: E. Kobayashi, et al.; BBRC 159, 548 (1989) Abstract
Potent and specific inhibitors of protein kinase C of microbial origin: T. Tamaoki and H. Nakano; Biotechnology 8, 732 (1990) Abstract
Inhibition of protein kinase C by calphostin C is light-dependent: R.F. Bruns, et al.; BBRC 176, 288 (1991) Abstract
Irreversible oxidative inactivation of protein kinase C by photosensitive inhibitor calphostin C: R. Gopalakrishna, et al.; FEBS Lett. 314, 149 (1992) Abstract
Calphostin C, a specific protein kinase C inhibitor, activates human neutrophils: effect on phospholipase A2 and aggregation: S. Svetlov and S. Nigam; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1177, 75 (1993) Abstract
Induction of apoptotic DNA fragmentation and cell death in HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells by pharmacological inhibitors of protein kinase C: W.D. Jarvis, et al.; Cancer Res. 54, 1707 (1994) Abstract
Growth inhibition of herpes simplex virus-type 1 in calphostin C-treated astrocytes: C.G. Castagnino, et al.; Intervirology 38, 332 (1995) Abstract
Calphostin C, a widely used protein kinase C inhibitor, directly and potently blocks L-type Ca channels: H.C. Hartzell & A. Rinderknecht; Am. J. Physiol. 270, C1293 (1996) Abstract
Pharmacokinetic features and metabolism of calphostin C, a naturally occurring perylenequinone with antileukemic activity: C.L. Chen, et al.; Pharm. Res. 16, 1003 (1999) Abstract
Potent killing of paclitaxel- and doxorubicin-resistant breast cancer cells by calphostin C accompanied by cytoplasmic vacuolization: B. Guo, et al.; Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 82, 125 (2003) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors • PKA Inhibitors • PKC Inhibitors • PKG Inhibitors • Myosin Light Chain Kinase Inhibitors • Ca2+ Channels (L-type) • Natural Products - Antiviral/anti-HIV Agents • Natural Products - Antitumor Reagents • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors
 
 
ALX-201-269 Revised 18-Mar-08
Calreticulin (rabbit) (recombinant)
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PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY Calreticulin/Related Products
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ALX-201-269-C025   25 µg 170.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SOURCE/HOST: Produced in E. coli.
CONCENTRATION: 1.2mg/ml
PURITY: ≥99%
FORMULATION: Liquid. In 100mM HEPES, pH 7.5, containing 150mM NaCl and 5mM CaCl2.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON DRY ICE
SHORT TERM STORAGE: +4°C
LONG TERM STORAGE: -80°C
HANDLING: Avoid freeze/thaw cycles.
Product Specific Literature References
Delineation of the lectin site of the molecular chaperone calreticulin: S.P. Thomson and D.B. Williams; Cell Stress Chaperones 10, 242 (2005) Abstract
General Information
BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION Swiss-Prot link P15253: Calreticulin (rabbit)
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Endoplasmatic Reticulum Stress • ER-Golgi Intermediate Compartment [ERGIC]/Related Products • Recombinant Proteins/Fusion Proteins
 
 
ALX-350-014 Revised 03-Apr-08
Calyculin A
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-350-014-C010   10 µg 65.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-014-C025   25 µg 110.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-014-C050   50 µg 190.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-014-C100   100 µg 320.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C50H81N4O15P
MW: 1009.2
CAS NUMBER: 101932-71-2
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Discodermia calyx.
PURITY: ≥95%
APPEARANCE: Lyophilized.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol, methanol, acetonitrile, chloroform, methylene chloride or benzene. Insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: May by subject to isomerization when in solution. Biological activity is not affected by isomerization.
HANDLING: Protect from light and moisture.
HAZARD: TOXIC. MAY BE CARCINOGENIC.

Product Description
Potent cell permeable inhibitor with high specificity for protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A). Inhibits p130cas tyrosine phosphorylation. Enhances the phosphorylation level of NF-κB. Affects intracellular signalling processes that require 14-3-3. Potent non-phorbol type tumor promoter. Prevents γ-radiation induced apoptosis.
Product Specific Literature References
Okadaic acid: an additional non-phorbol-12-tetradecanoate-13-acetate- type tumor promoter: M. Suganuma, et al.; PNAS 85, 1768 (1988) Abstract
Protein phosphatases come of age: P.Cohen & P.T. Cohen; J. Biol. Chem. 264, 21435 (1989) Abstract; Full Text
Calyculin A and okadaic acid: inhibitors of protein phosphatase activity: H. Ishihara, et al.; BBRC 159, 871 (1989) Abstract
The structure and regulation of protein phosphatases: P. Cohen; Ann. Rev. Biochem. 58, 453 (1989) Abstract
Calyculin A, an inhibitor of protein phosphatases, a potent tumor promoter on CD-1 mouse skin: M. Suganuma, et al.; Cancer Res. 50, 3521 (1990) Abstract
Nonphorbol tumor promoters okadaic acid and calyculin-A induce membrane translocation of protein kinase C: R. Gopalakrishna; BBRC 189, 950 (1992) Abstract
Comparative effects of protein phosphatase inhibitors (okadaic acid and calyculin A) on human leukemia HL60, HL60/ADR and K562 cells: K. Sakurada, et al.; BBRC 187, 488 (1992) Abstract
Calyculin A, a potent inhibitor of phosphatases-1 and -2A, prevents apoptosis: Q. Song & M.F. Lavin; BBRC 190, 47 (1993) Abstract
Enhancement of AMPA-mediated synaptic transmission by the protein phosphatase inhibitor calyculin A in rat hippocampal slices: A. Figurov, et al.; Eur. J. Neurosci. 5, 1035 (1993) Abstract
Calyculin A, a non-phorbol ester type tumor promotor, induced oxidative DNA damage in stimulated human neutrophil-like cells: T. Takeuchi, et al.; BBRC 205, 1803 (1994) Abstract
Potassium and calcium channel involvement in induction of long-lasting synaptic enhancement by calyculin A, a protein phosphatase inhibitor, in rat hippocampal CA1 region: N. Murakami, et al.; Neurosci. Lett. 176, 181 (1994) Abstract
Differential toxicity of the protein phosphatase inhibitors microcystin and calyculin A: M.T. Runnegar, et al.; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 273, 545 (1995) Abstract
Inhibition of p130cas tyrosine phosphorylation by calyculin A: W. Qiu, et al.; J. Leukoc. Biol. 63, 631 (1998) Abstract
Unique features of the okadaic acid activity class of tumor promoters: H. Fujiki & M. Suganuma; J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 125, 150 (1999), Review Abstract
Calyculin A-induced vimentin phosphorylation sequesters 14-3-3 and displaces other 14-3-3 partners in vivo: G. Tzivion, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 275, 29772 (2000) Abstract
Calyculin A induces apoptosis and stimulates phosphorylation of p65NF-kappaB in human osteoblastic osteosarcoma MG63 cells: H. Tanaka, et al.; Int. J. Oncol. 31, 389 (2007) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
PP2A/Related Products • PP1/Related Products • Natural Products - Other Tumor Promoters • 14-3-3 Proteins/Related Products • Carcinogens & Tumor Promoters Other Products • NF-kB Pathway Modulators • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors
 
 
ALX-350-015 Revised 03-Apr-08
(S)-(+)-Camptothecin
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Topoisomerase Inhibitors
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-350-015-M050   50 mg 40.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-015-M250   250 mg 150.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-015-G001   1 g 295.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C20H16N2O4
MW: 348.4
CAS NUMBER: 7689-03-4
MERCK INDEX: 14: 1735
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Mappia foetida Miers (Nothapodytes foetida (Wt.) Sleumer).
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: Pale yellow powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO (10mg/ml), methanol (40mg/ml) or 0.1N sodium hydroxide (50mg/ml).
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HANDLING: Protect from light and moisture. After reconstitution, prepare aliquots and store at -20°C.
HAZARD: IRRITANT. TOXIC.

Product Description
Potent antitumor agent. Inhibitor of DNA-topoisomerase I. Activates p53 resulting in upregulated expression of TRAIL-R2 (DR5) and Bak to overcome TRAIL resistance in Bax-deficient human colon carcinoma cells. Suppresses nitric oxide (NO) biosynthesis.
Product Specific Literature References
M.E. Wall, et al.; JACS 88, 3888 (1966)
The current status of camptothecin analogues as antitumor agents: W.J. Slichenmyer, et al.; J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 85, 271 (1993), (Review) Abstract
RNA synthesis inhibitors increase melatonin production in Y79 human retinoblastoma cells: J.L. Janavs, et al.; Mol. Brain Res. 23, 47 (1994) Abstract
Camptothecins: from bench research to hospital wards: M. Potmesil; Cancer Res. 54, 1431 (1994), (Review) Abstract
Forskolin and camptothecin induce a 30 kDa protein associated with melatonin production in Y79 human retinoblastoma cells: J.L. Janavs, et al.; J. Neurosci. 15, 298 (1995) Abstract
Differential stabilization of eukaryotic DNA topoisomerase I cleavable complexes by camptothecin derivatives: A. Tanizawa, et al.; Biochemistry 34, 7200 (1995) Abstract
The anti-cancer drug camptothecin inhibits elongation but stimulates initiation of RNA polymerase II transcription: M. Ljungman & P.C. Hanawalt; Carcinogenesis 17, 31 (1996) Abstract
The cell cycle effects of camptothecin: Z. Darzynkiewicz, et al.; Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 803, 93 (1996) Abstract
Camptothecin-induced apoptosis in p53-null human leukemia HL60 cells and their isolated nuclei: effects of the protease inhibitors Z-VAD-fmk and dichloroisocoumarin suggest an involvement of both caspases and serine proteases: T. Shimizu & Y. Pommier; Leukemia 11, 1238 (1997) Abstract
Camptothecin and taxol: discovery to clinic: M.E. Wall; Med. Res. Rev. 18, 299 (1998), Review Abstract
Camptothecin suppresses nitric oxide biosynthesis in RAW 264.7 macrophages: W.F. Chiou, et al.; Life Sci. 69, 625 (2001) Abstract
Reversal of multidrug resistance-associated protein-mediated daunorubicin resistance by camptothecin: D. Chauvier, et al.; J. Pharm. Sci. 91, 1765 (2002) Abstract
Camptothecin and taxol: historic achievements in natural products research: N.H. Oberlies & D.J. Kroll; J. Nat. Prod. 67, 129 (2004), Review Abstract
Camptothecin and its analogues: a review on their chemotherapeutic potential: D. Sriram, et al.; Nat. Prod. Res. 19, 393 (2005), Review Abstract
The effects of camptothecin on RNA polymerase II transcription: roles of DNA topoisomerase I:: G. Capranico, et al.; Biochimie 89, 482 (2007) Abstract
Related Products
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Antitumor Agents (Enzyme Inhibitors) • p53 Other Products • Alkaloids • Natural Products - Nitric Oxide Pathway Modulators • MDR Inhibitors • Natural Products - Antitumor Reagents
 
 
ALX-350-002 Revised 12-Aug-08
Canavanine . sulfate
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SYNONYMS L-α-Amino-γ-(guanidinooxy)-n-butyric acid . sulfate
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Nitric Oxide Pathway Modulators
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-350-002-M100   100 mg 25.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-002-M500   500 mg 95.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C5H12N4O3 . H2SO4
MW: 176.2 . 98.1
CAS NUMBER: 2219-31-0
MERCK INDEX: 14: 1737
PURITY: ≥99% (TLC)
APPEARANCE: White to-off white powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water (100mg/ml).
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C

Product Description
The non-protein amino acid L-canavanine is an analog of L-arginine. Selective inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS; NOS II) inhibitor. Induces apoptotic cell death and shows antiproliferative and immunotoxic effects.
Product Specific Literature References
Inhibition of the growth of human pancreatic cancer cells by the arginine antimetabolite L-canavanine: D.S. Swaffar, et al.; Cancer Res. 54, 6045 (1994) Abstract
Inhibition of nitric oxide formation with L-canavanine attenuates endotoxin-induced vascular hyporeactivity in the rat: M. Cai, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 295, 215 (1996) Abstract
Beneficial effects of L-canavanine, a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase, during rodent endotoxaemia: L. Liaudet, et al.; Clin. Sci. (London) 90, 369 (1996) Abstract
Effects of L-canavanine, an inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase, on endotoxin mediated shock in rats: Z. Fatehi-Hassanabad, et al.; Shock 6, 194 (1996) Abstract
L-Canavanine modulates cellular growth, chemosensitivity and P-glycoprotein substrate accumulation in cultured human tumor cell lines: D.R. Worthen, et al.; Cancer Lett. 132, 229 (1998) Abstract
Beneficial effects of L-canavanine, a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase, on lactate metabolism and muscle high energy phosphates during endotoxic shock in rats: B. Levy, et al.; Shock 11, 98 (1999) Abstract
L-canavanine, a selective inhibitor of inducible NO synthase, increases plasma endothelin-1 concentrations in dogs with endotoxic shock: C. Mitaka, et al.; J. Crit. Care 16, 17 (2001) Abstract
Quercetin, coenzyme Q10, and L-canavanine as protective agents against lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide generation in endotoxin-induced shock in rat brain: H.M. Abd El-Gawad & A.E. Khalifa; Pharmacol. Res. 43, 257 (2001) Abstract
Effect of L-canavanine, an Inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase, on myocardial dysfunction during septic shock: N. Suzuki, et al.; J. Nippon Med. Sch. 69, 13 (2002) Abstract; Full Text
The antiproliferative and immunotoxic effects of L-canavanine and L-canaline: A.K. Bence, et al.; Anticancer Drugs 13, 313 (2002) Abstract
Arginine antimetabolite L-canavanine induces apoptotic cell death in human Jurkat T cells via caspase-3 activation regulated by Bcl-2 or Bcl-xL: M.H. Jang, et al.; BBRC 295, 283 (2002) Abstract
L-Canavanine as a radiosensitization agent for human pancreatic cancer cells: A.K. Bence, et al.; Mol. Cell Biochem. 244, 37 (2003) Abstract
Comparative effects of vasopressin, norepinephrine, and L-canavanine, a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase, in endotoxic shock: B. Levy, et al.; Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 287, H209 (2004) Abstract; Full Text
L-arginine analogs as alternate substrates for nitric oxide synthase: S.D. Luzzi & M.A. Marletta; Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 15, 3934 (2005)