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Oxidative Stress Markers & Reagents / Related Products
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ALX-430-118 Revised 14-Apr-08
ACP
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SYNONYMS 1-Acetoxy-3-carbamoyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine
PRODUCT LINE Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY Oxidative Stress Markers & Reagents / Related Products
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-430-118-M010   10 mg 65.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-430-118-M050   50 mg 195.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-430-118-M250   250 mg 490.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C11H20N2O3
MW: 228.3
PURITY: ≤0.05% paramagnetic impurities (by EPR)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white crystalline powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water, methanol, 100% ethanol or DMSO.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C

Product Description
Cell permeable probe for the detection of intracellular oxidative stress. ACP can easily be deprotected with esterases to cyclic hydroxylamines, which are oxidized by ROS leading to ESR-detectable nitroxide radicals.
Product Specific Literature References
Sensitive ESR determination of intracellular oxidative stress by using acyl-protected hydroxylamines as new spin reagents: O. Itoh, et al.; Chem. Lett. 304 (2000)
In vivo EPR imaging by using an acyl-protected hydroxylamine to analyze intracerebral oxidative stress in rats after epileptic seizures: H. Yokoyama, et al.; Magn. Reson. Imaging 18, 875 (2000) Abstract
Measurement of oxidative stress by EPR radical-probe technique: L. Valgimigli, et al.; Free Radical Biol. Med. 31, 708 (2001), (Review) Abstract
Pharmacokinetic study of acyl-protected hydroxylamine probe, 1-acetoxy-3-carbamoyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine, for in vivo measurements of reactive oxygen species: K. Saito, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 36, 517 (2004) Abstract
 
 
ALX-850-318 Revised 14-Feb-07
Antioxidant Assay Kit
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PRODUCT LINE Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY Oxidative Stress Markers & Reagents / Related Products
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ALX-850-318-KI01   1 Kit 349.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
QUANTITY: 96 wells (~80 tests)
APPLICATION: For the rapid measurement of antioxidant capacity in a variety of sample types, including plasma, serum, urine, saliva, and cell lysates.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
Product Description
This antioxidant assay is designed to measure the overall antioxidant capacity within a given sample. The assay relies on the ability of antioxidants in the sample to inhibit the oxidation of ABTS in comparison to trolox, a water-soluble tocopherol analog. By quantifying the cumulative effect of all antioxidants present, more relevant biological information is acquired compared with the measurement of individual components alone. The assay relies on the ability of antioxidants in the sample to inhibit the oxidation of ABTS® (2,2’-azino-di-[3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulphonate]) to ABTS®·+ by metmyoglobin.
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Antioxidants, Flavonoids & Free Radical Scavengers Other Products • Quantification Kits
 
 
ALX-620-075 Revised 25-Sep-08
APF
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SYNONYMS Aminophenyl fluorescein
2-[6-(4'-Amino)phenoxy-3H-xanthen-3-on-9-yl]benzoic acid
PRODUCT LINE Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY Oxidative Stress Markers & Reagents / Related Products
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ALX-620-075-M001   1 mg 430.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C26H17NO5
MW: 423.4
CAS NUMBER: 359010-70-1
CONCENTRATION: ~5mM
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
FORMULATION: Liquid. In 0.47ml dimethyl formamide.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
USE/STABILITY: Prepare 500-5’000-fold dilution (~10-1µM) in phosphate buffer (0.1M phosphate, pH 7.4) immediately before use. BSA, phenol red and amines may affect the fluorescence and must be used with caution. Do not store the dilutions.
HANDLING: Keep under inert gas. Protect from light. After opening, prepare aliquots and store at +4°C.
HAZARD: HARMFUL.

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Product Description
Fluorescent reagent (Ex(max): 490nm; Em(max): 515nm) for the detection of highly reactive oxygen species (hROS). Immediately reacts with hROS such as hydroxyl radical, peroxynitrite and hypochlorite, and the fluorescence intensity greatly increases. Use of APF together with HPF (Prod. No. ALX-620-074) also allows for specific detection of hypochlorite  (-OCl) to elucidate reliable the roles of -OCl in biological systems such as neutrophils. In addition, peroxynitrite can be detected in distinction from nitric oxide and superoxide since APF does not react with nitric oxide, superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, APF is resistant to light-induced autooxidation. Not for sale in Japan.
Product Specific Literature References
Development of novel fluorescence probes that can reliably detect reactive oxygen species and distinguish specific species: K. Setsukinai, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 278, 3170 (2003) Abstract
General Information
BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION Precautions for use:
1. Prepare the diluted solution just before use and use it up.
2. The dilution buffer should be adjusted to pH 7.0-7.5. Please note that bovine serum albumin (BSA) and phenol red might interfere with the fluorescence measurement.

Light-induced autoxidation (Figure 3)
After adding HPF or DCFH-DA (10µM), the cells were incubated for 30 min at 37°C in the dark. The fluorescence images were obtained with a confocal fluorescent microscope (excitation wavelength: 488nm, fluorescence emission wavelength: using a 515nm barrier filter). The cells were laser-irradiated again at 488nm for 10 sec and fluorescence images were obtained again (see Figure 3).

Fluorescence images of HPF- or APF-loaded neutrophils (Figure 4)
Neutrophils were obtained from porcine blood and suspended in Krebs-Ringer phosphate buffer (114mM NaCI, 4.6mM KCI, 2.4mM MgSO4, 1.0mM CaCI2, 15mM NaH2PO4/Na2HPO4, pH 7.4) and kept on ice until use. Then they were seeded onto a glass-bottomed dish. The cells were loaded with HPF or APF (10µM) by incubation for 30min at room temperature and then stimulated with PMA (including 2ng/ml; 0.1% DMF as a cosolvent). Fluorescence images were obtained with a confocal fluorescent microscope before and 10 min after the stimulation with PMA (excitation wavelength: 488nm, fluorescence emission wavelength: 505-550nm; using a 505-550nm barrier filter).

Detection of hROS in the HRP/H2O2 system using HPF and APF (Figure 5)
Reaction timecourse
Fluorescence probe reagents (final 10µM; 0.1% DMF as a cosolvent) were added to sodium phosphate buffer (0.1M; pH 7.4) containing HRP (0.2µM). H2O2 (final 1µM) was added at the time indicated by the arrow. The fluorescence intensities were measured at excitation wavelength of 490nm and fluorescence emission wavelength of 515nm. Relation between the amount of added H2O2 and fluorescence increase in the HRP/H2O2 system.

Relation between the amount of added H2O2 and fluorescence increase in the HRP/H2O2 system
Fluorescence probe reagents (final 10µM; 0.1% DMF as a cosolvent) were added to sodium phosphate buffer (0.1M; pH 7.4) containing HRP (0.2µM). The fluorescence intensities were measured at excitation wavelength of 490nm and fluorescence emission wavelength of 515nm.
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Further Categories Containing This Product:
Peroxynitrite / Scavengers / Detection • Dyes / Stains / Fluorescent Probes / Fluorescent Labels
 
 
ALX-620-063 Revised 03-Feb-05
Coelenterazine
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SYNONYMS 2-[(4-Hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-(phenylmethyl)-imidazo [1,2-a] pyrazin-3-(7H)-one
PRODUCT LINE Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY Peroxynitrite / Scavengers / Detection
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ALX-620-063-C050   50 µg 110.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C26H21N3O3
MW: 423.5
CAS NUMBER: 55779-48-1
PURITY: ≥95%
APPEARANCE: Brown solid.
SOLUBILITY: Slightly soluble in methanol or ethanol. Avoid DMSO.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light. Keep under inert gas. Keep calcium free when stored in solution.

Product Description
Cell permeable, very sensitive and specific chemiluminescence probe of the superoxide anion and peroxynitrite. When oxidized by oxygen it emits blue light at 446nm when Ca2+ binds to the complex. Powerful antioxidant. See also 2-(4-Dehydroxy)coelenterazine (Prod. No. ALX-620-062).
Product Specific Literature References
Use of calcium-regulated photoproteins as intracellular Ca2+ indicators: J.R. Blinks; Meth. Enzymol. 172, 164 (1989) Abstract
Slow calcium waves accompany cytokinesis in medaka fish eggs: R.A. Fluck, et al.; J. Cell Biol. 115, 1259 (1991) Abstract
Coelenterazine is a superoxide anion-sensitive chemiluminescent probe: its usefulness in the assay of respiratory burst in neutrophils: M. Lucas & F. Solano; Anal. Biochem. 206, 273 (1992) Abstract
Aequorin-expressing mammalian cell lines used to report Ca2+ mobilization: D. Button & M. Brownstein; Cell Calcium 14, 663 (1993) Abstract
Imaging [Ca2+]i with aequorin using a photon imaging detector: A.L. Miller, et al.; Meth. Cell Biol. 40, 305 (1994) Abstract
Intracellular free calcium level and its response to cAMP stimulation in developing Dictyostelium cells transformed with jellyfish apoaequorin cDNA: S. Saran, et al.; FEBS Lett. 337, 43 (1994) Abstract
The origins of marine bioluminescence: turning oxygen defence mechanisms into deep-sea communication tools: J.F. Rees, et al.; J. Exp. Biol. 201, 1211 (1998) Abstract; Full Text
Chemiluminescent detection of oxidants in vascular tissue. Lucigenin but not coelenterazine enhances superoxide formation: M.M. Tarpey, et al.; Circ. Res. 84, 1203 (1999) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Calcium Indicators / Probes • Antioxidants, Flavonoids & Free Radical Scavengers Other Products • Luciferin & Luciferase / Related Products • Oxidative Stress Markers & Reagents / Related Products • Dyes / Stains / Fluorescent Probes / Fluorescent Labels
 
 
ALX-620-062 Revised 01-Jun-06
2-(4-Dehydroxy)coelenterazine
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SYNONYMS Coelenterazine h
PRODUCT LINE Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY Peroxynitrite / Scavengers / Detection
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ALX-620-062-C050   50 µg 110.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C26H21N3O2
MW: 407.5
PURITY: ≥95%
APPEARANCE: Yellow to orange solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol or methanol; slightly soluble in water. Avoid DMSO as product is unstable in this solvent.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light. Keep under inert gas. Keep calcium free when stored in solution.
HAZARD: IRRITANT.

Product Description
Derivative of coelenterazine (Prod. No. ALX-620-063) with ~20 times higher luminescence intensity.
Product Specific Literature References
Semi-synthetic aequorins with improved sensitivity to Ca2+ ions: O. Shimomura, et al.; Biochem. J. 261, 913 (1989) Abstract
Preparation and handling of aequorin solutions for the measurement of cellular Ca2+: O. Shimomura; Cell Calcium 12, 635 (1991) Abstract
Imaging calcium dynamics in living plants using semi-synthetic recombinant aequorins: M.R. Knight, et al.; J. Cell. Biol. 121, 83 (1993) Abstract
Intracellular Ca2+ signals in Dictyostelium chemotaxis are mediated exclusively by Ca2+ influx: T. Nebl & P.R. Fisher; J. Cell Sci. 110, 2845 (1997) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Calcium Indicators / Probes • Antioxidants, Flavonoids & Free Radical Scavengers Other Products • Oxidative Stress Markers & Reagents / Related Products • Dyes / Stains / Fluorescent Probes / Fluorescent Labels
 
 
ALX-420-027 Revised 26-Mar-08
DMNQ
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SYNONYMS 2,3-Dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone
PRODUCT LINE Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY Oxidative Stress Markers & Reagents / Related Products
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ALX-420-027-M005   5 mg 68.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-420-027-M010   10 mg 115.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-420-027-M025   25 mg 225.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C12H10O4
MW: 218.2
CAS NUMBER: 6956-96-3
PURITY: ≥99%
APPEARANCE: Yellow crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in acetone, DMSO or methanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: IRRITANT.

Product Description
Redox-cycling agent that induces intracellular superoxide anion formation and, depending on the concentration, induces cell proliferation, apoptosis or necrosis. DMNQ does not react with free thiol groups, is non-alkylating and adduct-forming in contrast to other quinones. Thus, DMNQ is a valuable tool for the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in order to study the role of ROS in cell toxicity, apoptosis and necrosis.
Product Specific Literature References
Different prooxidant levels stimulate growth, trigger apoptosis, or produce necrosis of insulin-secreting RINm5F cells: J.M. Dypbukt, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 269, 30553 (1994) Abstract; Full Text
DNA single-strand breakage in mammalian cells induced by redox cycling quinones in the absence of oxidative stress: W.A. Morgan; J. Biochem. Toxicol. 10, 227 (1995) Abstract
Potentiation of nitric oxide synthase expression by superoxide in interleukin 1 beta-stimulated rat mesangial cells: K.F. Beck, et al.; FEBS Lett. 435, 35 (1998) Abstract
The relative importance of oxidative stress versus arylation in the mechanism of quinone-induced cytotoxicity to platelets: S.A. Seung, et al.; Chem. Biol. Interact. 113, 133 (1998) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors Other Products • Non-apoptotic Cell Death / Necrosis
 
 
AG-G0631 Revised 11-Jan-08
GPX3 (human) ELISA Kit
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SYNONYMS Glutathione Peroxidase 3 (human) ELISA Kit
PRODUCT LINE Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY Oxidative Stress Markers & Reagents / Related Products
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AG-G0631EK-KI01   96 wells 590.00 USD Add To Cart
AG-G0631TP-KI01 Twin Plex 2x96 wells 890.00 USD Add To Cart
AG-G0631PP-KI01 Penta Plex 5x96 wells 1'870.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SPECIES CROSSREACTIVITY:
Human
SENSITIVITY: 100pg/ml (range 0 to 64ng/ml)
APPLICATION: For the quantitative determination of GPX3 in human serum, plasma or cell culture supernatants.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
General Information
MANUFACTURER Manufactured by AdipoGen, Inc.
Further Categories Containing This Product:
ELISA & EIA Kits
 
 
ALX-201-342 Revised 18-Mar-08
GPX3 (human) (recombinant)
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SYNONYMS Glutathione Peroxidase 3 (human) (recombinant)
PRODUCT LINE Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY Oxidative Stress Markers & Reagents / Related Products
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ALX-201-342-C010   10 µg 295.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-201-342-C050   50 µg 795.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
EC: 1.11.1.9
SOURCE/HOST: Produced in HEK 293 cells. Mature human GPX3 (glutathione peroxidase 3) is fused at the C-terminus to a FLAG®-tag.
CONCENTRATION: 0.5mg/ml
PURITY: ≥90% (SDS-PAGE)
FORMULATION: Liquid. 0.2µm-filtered solution in PBS, pH 7.2.
ENDOTOXIN CONTENT: <0.1EU/µg protein (LAL test).
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Working aliquots are stable for up to 3 months when stored at -20°C.
HANDLING: After opening, prepare aliquots and store at -20°C. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles.
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General Information
BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION

Swiss-Prot link P22352: Glutathione peroxidase 3 (human) [Precursor]

FLAG is a registered trademark of Sigma-Aldrich Co.
MANUFACTURER Manufactured by AdipoGen, Inc.
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Recombinant Proteins / Fusion Proteins
 
 
ALX-201-398 Revised 18-Mar-08
GPX3 (mouse) (recombinant)
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SYNONYMS Glutathione Peroxidase 3 (mouse) (recombinant)
PRODUCT LINE Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY Oxidative Stress Markers & Reagents / Related Products
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ALX-201-398-C010   10 µg 270.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-201-398-C050   50 µg 795.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
EC: 1.11.1.9
SOURCE/HOST: Produced in HEK 293 cells. Mature mouse GPX3 (glutathione peroxidase 3) (aa 1-226) is fused at the C-terminus to a FLAG®-tag.
PURITY: ≥90% (SDS-PAGE)
FORMULATION: Liquid. 0.2µm-filtered solution in PBS, pH 7.2.
ENDOTOXIN CONTENT: <0.1EU/µg protein (LAL test).
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Working aliquots are stable for up to 3 months when stored at -20°C.
HANDLING: Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. After opening, prepare aliquots and store at -20°C.
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General Information
BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION

Swiss-Prot link P46412: Glutathione peroxidase 3 (mouse) [Precursor]

FLAG is a registered trademark of Sigma-Aldrich Co.
MANUFACTURER Manufactured by AdipoGen, Inc.
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Recombinant Proteins / Fusion Proteins
 
 
AG-G0832 Revised 22-Apr-08
GPX3 (mouse) ELISA Kit
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SYNONYMS Glutathione Peroxidase 3 (mouse) ELISA Kit
PRODUCT LINE Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY Oxidative Stress Markers & Reagents / Related Products
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AG-G0832EK-KI01   96 wells 620.00 USD Add To Cart
AG-G0832TP-KI01 Twin Plex 2x96 wells