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DNA Regulation / Transcription
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ALX-370-012 Revised 09-Oct-07
20-Hydroxyecdysone
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SYNONYMS β-Ecdysone
2β,3β,14α,20R,22R,25-Hexahydroxy-5β-cholest-7-en-6-one
Ecdysterone
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Ecdysteroids
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-370-012-M005   5 mg 55.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-370-012-M010   10 mg 90.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-370-012-M050   50 mg 350.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C27H44O7
MW: 480.6
CAS NUMBER: 5289-74-7
MERCK INDEX: 14: 3491
PURITY: ≥95%
APPEARANCE: White powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C

Product Description
Most widely occurring ecdysteroid in both plant and animal species. Controls cell death during metamorphosis of Drosophila melanogaster.
Product Specific Literature References
H. Hampshire and D.H.S. Horn; Chem. Commun. 37 (1966)
M.N. Galbraith and D.H.S. Horn; Chem. Commun. 905 (1966)
H. Rimpler and G. Schulz; THL 22, 2033 (1967)
L. Canonica, et al.; Phytochemistry 14, 525 (1975)
Fork head controls the timing and tissue selectivity of steroid-induced developmental cell death: C. Cao, et al.; J. Cell Biol. 176, 843 (2007) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Forkhead Box [FOX] Proteins / Related Products • Non-apoptotic Cell Death / Necrosis
 
 
ALX-380-008 Revised 05-Apr-08
FK506
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SYNONYMS Tacrolimus
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics - Immunomodulators
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-380-008-M001   1 mg 30.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-008-M005   5 mg 60.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-008-M025   25 mg 180.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C44H69NO12 . H2O
MW: 804.0 . 18.0
CAS NUMBER: 104987-11-3
MERCK INDEX: 14: 9025
RTECS: KD4200000
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white crystalline powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate or acetone; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: HARMFUL. MAY BE CARCINOGENIC. IRRITANT.

Product Description
Immunosuppressant that blocks T cell proliferation in vitro by inhibiting the generation of several lymphokines, especially IL-2. Shown to inhibit the activity of FK506 binding protein and to inhibit the Ca2+-dependent phosphatase and protein phosphatase 2B (PP2B; calcineurin). Activates NF-κB through phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα.
Product Specific Literature References
FK-506, a novel immunosuppressant isolated from a Streptomyces. I. Fermentation, isolation, and physico-chemical and biological characteristics: T. Kino, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 40, 1249 (1987) Abstract
Cyclosporin A and FK506: molecular mechanisms of immunosuppression and probes for transplantation biology: B.E. Bierer, et al.; Curr. Opin. Immunol. 5, 763 (1993) Abstract
Cyclosporin A, FK506 and rapamycin: more than just immunosuppression: J. Kunz and M.N. Hall; TIBS 18, 334 (1993) Abstract
Immunosuppressant FK506 activates NF-kappaB through the proteasome-mediated degradation of IkappaBalpha. Requirement for Ikappabalpha n-terminal phosphorylation but not ubiquitination sites: Y. Zhang, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 274, 34657 (1999) Abstract; Full Text
FK506, an immunosuppressant targeting calcineurin function: F.J. Dumont; Curr. Med. Chem. 7, 731 (2000) Abstract
FK506 and its analogs - therapeutic potential for neurological disorders: A. Klettner and T. Herdegen; Curr. Drug Targets CNS Neurol. Disord. 2, 153 (2003), Review Abstract
A review of the action of tacrolimus (FK506) on experimental models of rheumatoid arthritis: S. Miyata, et al.; Inflamm. Res. 54, 1 (2005), Review Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors • PP2B [Calcineurin] / Related Products • Antibiotics - NF-kB Inhibitors
 
 
ALX-380-009 Revised 26-Jun-08
Actinomycin D
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SYNONYMS Actinomycin IV
Actinomycin C1
Dactinomycin
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antitumor Antibiotics
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-380-009-M005   5 mg 50.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-009-M025   25 mg 200.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-009-M100   100 mg 540.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C62H86N12O16
MW: 1255.5
CAS NUMBER: 50-76-0
MERCK INDEX: 14: 2800
RTECS: AU1575000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces parvulus.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: Red shiny crystals.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol or methanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
USE/STABILITY: Sensitive to strong acids and bases.
HANDLING: Protect from light. Hygroscopic.
HAZARD: VERY TOXIC.

Product Description
Antitumor antibiotic. DNA intercalating agent. Cytotoxic inducer of apoptosis against tumor cells. Inhibitor of RNA synthesis.

For nomenclature see S.A. Waksman, E. Katz & L.C. Vining; PNAS 44, 602 (1958)
Product Specific Literature References
Apoptosis induced by Actinomycin D, Camptothecin or Aphidicolin can occur in all phases of the cell cycle: J.M. Glynn, et al.; Biochem. Soc. Trans. 20, 84S (1992) Abstract
Influence of DNA base sequence on the binding energetics of actinomycin D: S.A. Bailey, et al.; Biochemistry 32, 5881 (1993) Abstract
Nitric oxide ameliorates actinomycin D/endotoxin-induced apoptotic liver failure in mice: M. Akahori, et al.; J. Surg. Res. 85, 286 (1999) Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha plus actinomycin D-induced apoptosis of L929 cells is prevented by nitric oxide: S. Hakoda, et al.; Surg. Today 29, 1059 (1999) Abstract
Actinomycin D induces apoptosis and inhibits growth of pancreatic cancer cells: J. Kleeff, et al.; Int. J. Cancer 86, 399 (2000) Abstract
Actinomycin D inhibiting K562 cell apoptosis elicited by salvicine but not decreasing its cytotoxicity: C. Qing, et al.; Acta Pharmacol. Sin. 24, 415 (2003) Abstract; Full Text
Actinomycin D induces histone gamma-H2AX foci and complex formation of gamma-H2AX with Ku70 and nuclear DNA helicase II: H.E. Mischo, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 280, 9586 (2005) Abstract
Actinomycin D upregulates proapoptotic protein Puma and downregulates Bcl-2 mRNA in normal peripheral blood lymphocytes: I. Kalousek, et al.; Anticancer Drugs 18, 763 (2007) Abstract
Actinomycin D enhances TRAIL-induced caspase-dependent and -independent apoptosis in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells: M.J. Wang, et al.; Neurosci. Res. 59, 40 (2007) Abstract
Related Products
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Antitumor Agents (Apoptosis Inducers) • Transcription Inhibitors / Related Products • Antibiotics - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors
 
 
ALX-380-023 Revised 19-Oct-07
Mitomycin C
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics - DNA Replication Inhibitors
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-380-023-M005   5 mg 98.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-023-M010   10 mg 185.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C15H18N4O5
MW: 334.3
CAS NUMBER: 50-07-7
MERCK INDEX: 14: 6215
RTECS: CN0700000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces caespitosus.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: Blue-violet crystals.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water or methanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: TOXIC. MAY BE CARCINOGENIC.

Product Description
Antitumor antibiotic. Inhibitor of DNA synthesis, nuclear division and cancer cells. DNA intercalating agent. Apoptosis inducer.
Product Specific Literature References
Mitomycin, a new antibiotic from Streptomyces. I: T. Hata, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 9, 141 (1956) Abstract
S.K. Carter & S.T. Crooke ; 'Mitomycin C. Current Status and New Developments', Academic Press, New York (1979)
Revised absolute configuration of mitomycin C. X-ray analysis of 1-N-(p-bromobenzoyl)mitomycin C: K. Shirahata & N. Hirayama; JACS 105, 7199 (1983)
Sequence-specific DNA damage induced by reduced mitomycin C and 7-N-(p- hydroxyphenyl)mitomycin C: K. Ueda and T. Komano; Nucl. Acids Res. 12, 6673 (1984) Abstract
Isolation and structure of a covalent cross-link adduct between mitomycin C and DNA: M. Tomasz, et al.; Science 235, 1204 (1987) Abstract
The chemistry of DNA modification by antitumor antibiotics: J.F. Fisher & P.A. Aristoff; Prog. Drug Res. 32, 411 (1988) Abstract
DNA sequence specificity of mitomycin cross-linking: S.P. Teng, et al.; Biochemistry 28, 3901 (1989) Abstract
Polyoxyethylene-modified superoxide dismutase reduces side effects of adriamycin and mitomycin C: S. Kawasaki, et al.; J. Cancer Res. 83, 899 (1992) Abstract
Genetic evidence for an activator required for induction of pectin lyase in Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora by DNA-damaging agents: J.L. McEvoy, et al.; J. Bacteriol. 174, 5471 (1992) Abstract
Elevated DT-diaphorase activity and messenger RNA content in human non- small cell lung carcinoma: relationship to the response of lung tumor xenografts to mitomycin Cl: A.M. Malkinson, et al.; Cancer Res. 52, 4752 (1992) Abstract
Mitomycins: J. Verweij, et al.; Cancer Chemother. Biol. Response Modif. 18, 46 (1999) Abstract
Mitomycin C induces apoptosis in a caspases-dependent and Fas/CD95- independent manner in human gastric adenocarcinoma cells: I.C. Park, et al.; Cancer Lett. 158, 125 (2000) Abstract
Selective inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 enhances mitomycin-C-induced apoptosis: C.T. Hsueh, et al.; Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 45, 389 (2000) Abstract
DNA-damaging agents cause inactivation of translational regulators linked to mTOR signalling: A.R. Tee & C.G. Proud; Oncogene 19, 3021 (2000) Abstract
Re-evaluation of tumor-specific cytotoxicity of mitomycin C, bleomycin and peplomycin: M. Sasaki, et al.; Anticancer Res. 26, 3373 (2006) Abstract
Activation of the S phase DNA damage checkpoint by mitomycin C: E. Mladenov, et al.; J. Cell. Physiol. 211, 468 (2007) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
DNA Replication Inhibitors • Antitumor Agents (Apoptosis Inducers) • Antibiotics - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • Antitumor Antibiotics • Antitumor Agents (DNA Interaction & Gene Regulation)
 
 
ALX-380-024 Revised 30-Oct-07
Actinomycin C
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SYNONYMS Cactinomycin
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antitumor Antibiotics
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-380-024-M005   5 mg 40.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-024-M025   25 mg 140.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
CAS NUMBER: 8052-16-2
MERCK INDEX: 14: 1606
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces chrysomallus.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: Orange solid.
FORMULATION: Mixture of actinomycin C1(= actinomycin D) (R = R’ = D-Val)  ~3%, C2(R = D-Val, R’ = D-allo-Ile) ~45%, C3(R = R’ = D-allo-Ile) ~53%.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in methanol. Sparingly soluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: TOXIC.

Product Description
Antibiotic complex with antitumor activity.
Product Specific Literature References
Nomenclature of the Actinomycins: S.A. Waksman, et al.; PNAS 44, 602 (1958) Abstract
General Information
For nomenclature see S.A. Waksman, E. Katz and L.C. Vining; PNAS 44, 602 (1958).
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Antitumor Agents (Apoptosis Inducers) • Transcription Inhibitors / Related Products • Antibiotics - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors
 
 
ALX-380-042 Revised 05-May-08
Doxorubicin . hydrochloride
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SYNONYMS DXR . HCl
14-Hydroxydaunomycin . HCl
Adriamycin . HCl
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antitumor Antibiotics
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-380-042-M005   5 mg 60.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-042-M010   10 mg 110.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-042-M025   25 mg 250.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C27H29NO11 . HCl
MW: 543.5 . 36.5
CAS NUMBER: 25316-40-9
MERCK INDEX: 14: 3439
RTECS: QI9295900
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: Red solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HAZARD: MAY BE CARCINOGENIC. MAY BE TERATOGENIC. TOXIC. MAY BE MUTAGENIC.

Product Description
Antitumor antibiotic. Induces DNA damage by intercalating into DNA and inhibiting topoisomerase II. Binds covalently to DNA. Inhbibits reverse transcriptase, RNA polymerase and the catalytic activity of Dnmt1. Immunosuppressive. Antineoplastic. Induces apoptosis.
Product Specific Literature References
Adriamycin and daunomycin induce programmed cell death (apoptosis) in tumour cells: A. Skladanowski & J. Konopa; Biochem. Pharmacol. 46, 375 (1993) Abstract
A critical evaluation of the mechanisms of action proposed for the antitumor effects of the anthracycline antibiotics adriamycin and daunorubicin: D.A. Gewirtz; Biochem. Pharmacol. 57, 727 (1999) Abstract
Doxorubicin treatment activates a Z-VAD-sensitive caspase, which causes deltapsim loss, caspase-9 activity, and apoptosis in Jurkat cells: S. Gamen, et al.; Exp. Cell Res. 258, 223 (2000) Abstract
Involvement of cyclin-dependent kinases in doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in human tumor cells: Y. Lu, et al.; Mol. Carcinog. 29, 1 (2000) Abstract
Characterization of Adriamycin-Induced G2 Arrest and Its Abrogation by Caffeine in FL-Amnion Cells with or without p53: Y. Minemoto, et al.; Exp. Cell Res. 262, 37 (2001) Abstract
Enhancement of Fas-mediated apoptosis in renal cell carcinoma cells by adriamycin: X.X. Wu, et al.; Cancer Res. 60, 2912 (2000) Abstract
Doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes is ameliorated by nitrone spin traps and ebselen. Role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species: S. Kotamraju, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 275, 33585 (2000) Abstract; Full Text
The power and potential of doxorubicin-DNA adducts: S.M. Cutts, et al.; IUBMB Life 57, 73 (2005), Review Abstract
Adriamycin-induced interference with cardiac mitochondrial calcium homeostasis: K.B. Wallace; Cardiovasc. Toxicol. 7, 101 (2007), Review Abstract
Doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy from the cardiotoxic mechanisms to managemen: G. Takemura & H. Fujiwara; Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis. 49, 330 (2007), Review Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Other Toxins • Antitumor Agents (Enzyme Inhibitors) • Antitumor Agents (Apoptosis Inducers) • Antibiotics - Immunomodulators • Antibiotics - Topoisomerase Inhibitors • DNA Intercalators & Crosslinkers • Antibiotics - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • Antitumor Agents (DNA Interaction & Gene Regulation)
 
 
ALX-380-043 Revised 03-Apr-08
Daunorubicin . hydrochloride
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SYNONYMS Daunomycin . HCl
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antitumor Antibiotics
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-380-043-M010   10 mg 95.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C27H29NO10 . HCl
MW: 527.5 . 36.5
CAS NUMBER: 23541-50-6
MERCK INDEX: 14: 2832
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces spec.
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: Orange to red solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water or methanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: TOXIC.

Product Description

Anthracycline anticancer antibiotic. Induces DNA damage by intercalating into DNA and inhibiting topoisomerase I and II. Inhibits RNA and DNA synthesis. Induces DNA single strand breaks and apoptosis in tumor cells.
Product Specific Literature References
Ceramide synthase mediates daunorubicin-induced apoptosis: an alternative mechanism for generating death signals: R. Bose, et al.; Cell 82, 405 (1995) Abstract
Daunorubicin activates NFkappaB and induces kappaB-dependent gene expression in HL-60 promyelocytic and Jurkat T lymphoma cells: M.P. Boland, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 272, 12952 (1997) Abstract; Full Text
Alteration of the daunorubicin-triggered sphingomyelin-ceramide pathway and apoptosis in MDR cells: influence of drug transport abnormalities: M.G. Come, et al.; Int. J. Cancer 81, 580 (1999) Abstract
A critical evaluation of the mechanisms of action proposed for the antitumor effects of the anthracycline antibiotics adriamycin and daunorubicin: D.A. Gewirtz; Biochem. Pharmacol. 57, 727 (1999) Abstract
Altered multidrug resistance phenotype caused by anthracycline analogues and cytosine arabinoside in myeloid leukemia: X.F. Hu, et al.; Blood 93, 4086 (1999) Abstract
Implication of radical oxygen species in ceramide generation, c-Jun N- terminal kinase activation and apoptosis induced by daunorubicin: V. Mansat-de Mas, et al.; Mol. Pharmacol. 56, 867 (1999) Abstract
The phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway is activated by daunorubicin in human acute myeloid leukemia cell lines: I. Plo, et al.; FEBS Lett 452, 150 (1999) Abstract
Caspase-3-like activity is necessary but not sufficient for daunorubicin-induced apoptosis in Jurkat human lymphoblastic leukemia cells: K.J. Turnbull, et al.; Leukemia 13, 1056 (1999) Abstract
Regulation of phospholipase D activity and ceramide production in daunorubicin-induced apoptosis in A-431 cells: J. Chen, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1488, 219 (2000) Abstract
Signaling pathways activated by daunorubicin:: G. Laurent & J. P. Jaffrezou; Blood 98, 913 (2001), Review Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Antitumor Agents (Enzyme Inhibitors) • Antitumor Agents (Apoptosis Inducers) • Antibiotics - Immunomodulators • Antibiotics - Topoisomerase Inhibitors • DNA Intercalators & Crosslinkers • Antibiotics - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • Antitumor Agents (DNA Interaction & Gene Regulation)
 
 
ALX-380-055 Revised 13-Jun-08
Chromomycin A3
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SYNONYMS Toyomycin
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Other Antibiotics - DNA Regulation / Transcription
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-380-055-M005   5 mg 65.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-055-M025   25 mg 260.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C57H82O26
MW: 1183.3
CAS NUMBER: 7059-24-7
MERCK INDEX: 14: 2238
RTECS: GB7875000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces griseus.
PURITY: ≥97% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: Off white to