ALEXIS Biochemicals: DNA (purified) (DNAse I activated)

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ALX-270-389

Revised 11-Sep-08

Elbfluorene
SYNONYMS	3-Acetyl-6-hydroxy-4-phenylbenzo[4,5]furo[2,3-b]pyridine 1-Aza-9-oxafluorene 5b
PRODUCT LINE	DNA Regulation / Transcription
PRODUCT CATEGORY	DNA Repair Other Products

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-270-389-M001		1 mg	75.00 USD
ALX-270-389-M005		5 mg	300.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₁₉H₁₃NO₃
MW:	303.3
PURITY:	≥95% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	Off-white to brownish powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO. Insoluble in water or 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C

Product Description

Selective inhibitor of CDK1/cyclin B (IC₅₀=4.2µM) with some P-glycoprotein-modulating properties (inhibitory activity ratio 1.26 at 7µM). Weakly inhibits CDK5/p25 (6% inhibition at 10µM) with no effect on CDK2/cyclin E and CDK4/cyclin D1 (IC₅₀>100µM).

Product Specific Literature References

Evaluation of the first cytostatically active 1-aza-9-oxafluorenes as novel selective CDK1 inhibitors with P-glycoprotein modulating properties: K. Brachwitz, et al.; J. Med. Chem. 46, 876 (2003) Abstract
Novel CDK inhibition profiles of structurally varied 1-aza-9-oxafluorenes: B. Voigt, et al.; Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 15, 823 (2005) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

CDK & Cyclin Inhibitors

ALX-270-418

Revised 16-Jun-08

Gallotannin
SYNONYMS	Tannic acid
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Other Natural Products - DNA Regulation / Transcription

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-270-418-G001		1 g	10.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₇₆H₅₂O₄₆
MW:	1701.2
CAS NUMBER:	1401-55-4
MERCK INDEX:	14: 9052
RTECS:	WW5075000
SOURCE/HOST:	Occurs in the bark and fruit of many plants, notably in the bark of the oak species, in sumac and myrobalan.
PURITY:	>95%
APPEARANCE:	Beige to light brown powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water, 100% ethanol, acetone or warm glycerol.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
SHORT TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light.
HAZARD:	IRRITANT.

Product Description

Inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG). Cytoprotective in oxidatively stressed cells. Inhibitor of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS; NOS III) and weak inhibitor of inducible (iNOS; NOS II) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS; NOS I). Induces cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. Free radical scavenger.

Product Specific Literature References

Inhibition of constitutive endothelial NO-synthase activity by tannin and quercetin: M. Chiesi & R. Schwaller; Biochem. Pharmacol. 49, 495 (1995) Abstract
The poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase inhibitor gallotannin blocks oxidative astrocyte death: W. Ying, et al.; Neuroreport 11, 1385 (2000) Abstract
Green tea polyphenols and tannic acid act as potent inhibitors of phorbol ester-induced nitric oxide generation in rat hepatocytes independent of their antioxidant properties: R.C. Srivastava, et al.; Cancer Lett. 153, 1 (2000) Abstract
Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase by gallotannin selectively up-regulates expression of proinflammatory genes: E. Rapizzi, et al.; Mol. Pharmacol. 66, 890 (2004) Abstract
Tannic acid in plant dust causes airway obstruction: D. Taubert, et al.; Thorax 60, 789 (2005) Abstract
Prominent free radicals scavenging activity of tannic acid in lead-induced oxidative stress in experimental mice: I.H. El-Sayed, et al.; Toxicol. Ind. Health 22, 157 (2006) Abstract
The efficacy of protective effects of tannic acid, gallic acid, ellagic acid, and propyl gallate against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress and DNA damages in IMR-90 cells: C.H. Chen, et al.; Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 51, 962 (2007) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

NOS Inhibitors (NOS Induction & Enzyme Activity) • PARG / Related Products • DNA Repair Other Products • Free Radical Scavengers • Natural Products - Nitric Oxide Pathway Modulators • Phenolic Acids

ALX-270-486

Revised 15-Jul-08

3-(4-Chlorophenyl)quinoxaline-5-carboxamide
PRODUCT LINE	DNA Regulation / Transcription
PRODUCT CATEGORY	PARP Inhibitors

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-270-486-M005		5 mg	230.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₁₅H₁₀ClN₃O
MW:	283.7
PURITY:	≥95% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	Light brown solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO (10mg/ml).
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
HANDLING:	Packaged under inert gas. Protect from light.
HAZARD:	IRRITANT.

Product Description

Potent quinoxaline-based PARP inhibitor with a 5-fold selectivity towards PARP-2 (IC₅₀=7nM) over PARP-1 (IC₅₀=33nM). Brain-permeant. Exhibits good pharmacokinetics.

Product Specific Literature References

Discovery of quinazolinone and quinoxaline derivatives as potent and selective poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1/2 inhibitors: A. Iwashita, et al.; FEBS Lett. 579, 1389 (2005) Abstract
Discovery of potent and selective PARP-1 and PARP-2 inhibitors: SBDD analysis via a combination of X-ray structural study and homology modeling: J. Ishida, et al.; Bioorg. Med. Chem. 14, 1378 (2006) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

DNA Repair Other Products

ALX-380-068

Revised 09-Apr-08

Trichostatin A
SYNONYMS	TSA [R-(E,E)]-7-[4-(Dimethylamino)phenyl]-N-hydroxy-4,6-dimethyl-7-oxo-2,4-heptadienamide]
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Other Antibiotics - DNA Regulation / Transcription

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-380-068-M001		1 mg	115.00 USD
ALX-380-068-M005		5 mg	385.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₁₇H₂₂N₂O₃
MW:	302.4
CAS NUMBER:	58880-19-6
MERCK INDEX:	14: 9649
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus.
PURITY:	≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	Whitish film adhered to inside of vial.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO, dimethyl formamide, acetonitrile, methanol or 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HAZARD:	HARMFUL.

Product Description

Potent, reversible inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC). Mediates the activation of O⁶-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT). May be involved in cell cycle progression of several cell types. Induces cell growth arrest at both G1 and G2/M phases. May induce apoptosis in some cases. Induces acetylation of histone-3/4 and expression of p300.

Product Specific Literature References

A new antifungal antibiotic, trichostatin: N. Tsuji, et al.; J. Antibiot. 29, 1 (1976) Abstract
Potent and specific inhibition of mammalian histone deacetylase both in vivo and in vitro by trichostatin A: M. Yoshida, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 265, 17174 (1990) Abstract; Full Text
Trichostatin A induces morphological changes and gelsolin expression by inhibiting histone deacetylase in human carcinoma cell lines: Y. Hoshikawa, et al.; Exp. Cell Res. 214, 189 (1994) Abstract
Trichostatin A inhibits both ras-induced neurite outgrowth of PC12 cells and morphological transformation of NIH3T3 cells: M. Futamura, et al.; Oncogene 10, 1119 (1995) Abstract
Trichostatin A and trapoxin: novel chemical probes for the role of histone acetylation in chromatin structure and function: M. Yoshida, et al.; Bioessays 17, 423 (1995) Abstract
Selective inhibition of IL-2 gene expression by trichostatin A, a potent inhibitor of mammalian histone deacetylase: I. Takahashi, et al.; J. Antibiot. 49, 453 (1996) Abstract
A mammalian histone deacetylase related to the yeast transcriptional regulator Rpd3p: J. Taunton, et al.; Science 272, 408 (1996) Abstract
Transcriptional activation and chromatin remodeling of the HIV-1 promoter in response to histone acetylation: C. Van Lint, et al.; EMBO J. 15, 1112 (1996) Abstract
Induction of caspase-3 protease activity and apoptosis by butyrate and trichostatin A (inhibitors of histone deacetylase): dependence on protein synthesis and synergy with a mitochondrial/cytochrome c- dependent pathway:: V. Medina, et al.; Cancer Res. 57, 3697 (1997) Abstract
A histone deacetylase inhibitor potentiates retinoid receptor action in embryonal carcinoma cells: S. Minucci, et al.; PNAS 94, 11295 (1997) Abstract; Full Text
Histone deacetylase inhibitor activates the WAF1/Cip1 gene promoter through the Sp1 sites: Y. Sowa, et al.; BBRC 241, 142 (1997) Abstract
Retinoblastoma protein recruits histone deacetylase to repress transcription: A. Brehm, et al.; Nature 391, 597 (1998) Abstract
Effects of cell density and trichostatin A on the expression of HDAC1 and p57Kip2 in Hep 3B cells: S.G. Gray & T.J. Ekstrom; BBRC 245, 423 (1998) Abstract
Regulation of the human O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase gene by transcriptional coactivators cAMP response element-binding protein- binding protein and p300: K.K. Bhakat & S. Mitra; J. Biol. Chem. 275, 34197 (2000) Abstract; Full Text
Histone deacetylase inhibitors: inducers of differentiation or apoptosis of transformed cells: P.A. Marks, et al.; J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 92, 1210 (2000) Abstract
Trichostatin A is a histone deacetylase inhibitor with potent antitumor activity against breast cancer in vivo: D.M. Vigushin, et al.; Clin. Cancer Res. 7, 971 (2001) Abstract
Chromatin remodeling agent trichostatin A: a key-factor in the hepatic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells derived of adult bone marrow: S. Snykers, et al.; BMC Dev. Biol. 7, 24 (2007) Abstract
Trichostatin A induces myocardial differentiation of monkey ES cells: M. Hosseinkhani, et al.; BBRC 356, 386 (2007) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Cell Cycle Blockers & Inhibitors / Related Products • Antibiotics - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators • Antibiotics - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • HDAC Inhibitors • PKC Activators • Antitumor Antibiotics • Antibiotics for Cell Cycle Research • DNA Repair Other Products • DNA & RNA Methyl & Alkyl Transferases / Related Products • Antibiotics - Antifungal

ALX-385-010

Revised 08-Apr-08

(±)-Naringenin
SYNONYMS	(±)-4',5,7-Trihydroxyflavanone
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Flavanones

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-385-010-G001		1 g	15.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₁₅H₁₂O₅
MW:	272.3
CAS NUMBER:	67604-48-2
MERCK INDEX:	14: 6424
PURITY:	≥95%
APPEARANCE:	Light yellow to tan powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in 100% ethanol; almost insoluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+20°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light.
HAZARD:	IRRITANT.

Product Description

Antioxidant flavonoid. Has anti-inflammatory and antitumor properties. Induces apoptosis. Stimulates DNA repair following oxidative damage. Inhibits the activity of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI(3)K).

Product Specific Literature References

Structure-antioxidant activity relationships of flavonoids and phenolic acids: C.A. Rice-Evans, et al.; Free Radical Biol. & Med. 20, 933 (1996), (Review) Abstract
Naringenin inhibits phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity and glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes: A. W. Harmon & Y. M. Patel; BBRC 305, 229 (2003) Abstract
The citrus flavonoid naringenin stimulates DNA repair in prostate cancer cells: K. Gao, et al.; J. Nutr. Biochem. 17, 89 (2006) Abstract
Naringenin-induced apoptosis via activation of NF-kappaB and necrosis involving the loss of ATP in human promyeloleukemia HL-60 cells: S. Kanno, et al.; Toxicol. Lett. 166, 131 (2006) Abstract
Inhibitory effect of naringenin chalcone on inflammatory changes in the interaction between adipocytes and macrophages: S. Hirai, et al.; Life Sci. 81, 1272 (2007) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Natural Products - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators • Active Substances from Fruit and Vegetables • Phosphoinositide 3-kinase [PI(3)K] / Related Products • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents • Natural Products - Antitumor Reagents • Natural Products - Antioxidants • DNA Repair Other Products

ALX-400-036

Revised 31-Oct-06

Peroxynitrite . tetramethylammonium
SYNONYMS	ONOO^- . C₄H₁₂N Oxoperoxonitrate(1-) . C₄H₁₂N
PRODUCT LINE	Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Peroxynitrite / Scavengers / Detection

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-400-036-L001		1 ml	152.00 USD
ALX-400-036-5001		5x1 ml	475.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	NO₃ . C₄H₁₂N
MW:	62.0 . 74.1
CAS NUMBER:	14042-01-4
CONCENTRATION:	~10mM
FORMULATION:	Liquid. In 0.01M KOH.
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON DRY ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-80°C
USE/STABILITY:	Stable for at least 1 month after receipt when stored at -80°C.
HANDLING:	Protect from light.
HAZARD:	OXIDIZING. CORROSIVE.

Product Description

Produced from the reaction of nitrogen monoxide with tetramethylammonium superoxide according to the method of D.S. Bohle, et al. described in Meth. Enzymol. 269, 302 (1996), and dissolved in 0.01M potassium hydroxide (KOH). This formulation of peroxynitrite has a low nitrite content (~1%), no hydrogen peroxide.

Product Specific Literature References

DNA damage induced by peroxynitrite: subsequent biological effects: C. Szabo & H. Ohshima; Nitric Oxide 1, 373 (1997), (Review) Abstract
Peroxynitrite: a biologically significant oxidant: M.P. Murphy, et al.; Gen. Pharmacol. 31, 179 (1998), (Review) Abstract
Peroxynitrite: an endogenous oxidizing and nitrating agent: C. Ducrocq, et al.; Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 55, 1068 (1999), (Review) Abstract
The chemistry of DNA damage from nitric oxide and peroxynitrite: S. Burney, et al.; Mutat. Res. 424, 37 (1999), (Review) Abstract
Reactions of *NO, *NO2 and peroxynitrite in membranes: physiological implications: S.P. Goss, et al.; Free Radic. Res. 31, 597 (1999), (Review) Abstract
Peroxynitrite: reactive, invasive and enigmatic: J.T. Groves; Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 3, 226 (1999), (Review) Abstract
Nitric oxide and peroxynitrite. The ugly, the uglier and the not so good: a personal view of recent controversies: B. Halliwell, et al.; Free Radic. Res. 31, 651 (1999), (Review) Abstract
Assessment of peroxynitrite scavengers in vitro: B. Halliwell, et al.; Meth. Enzymol. 301, 333 (1999), (Review) Abstract
Chemistry of peroxynitrite and its relevance to biological systems: W.H. Koppenol; Met. Ions Biol. Syst. 36, 597 (1999), (Review) Abstract
Conformation of peroxynitrite: determination by crystallographic analysis: M. Worle, et al.; Chem. Res. Toxicol 12, 305 (1999) Abstract
Peroxynitrite scavenging by metalloporphyrins and thiolates: J.P. Crow; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 28, 1487 (2000), (Review) Abstract
Interaction of peroxynitrite with selenoproteins and glutathione peroxidase mimics: H. Sies & G.E. Arteel; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 28, 1451 (2000), (Review) Abstract
Reactions of Peroxynitrite with Phenolic and Carbonyl Compounds: Flavonoids are not Scavengers of Peroxynitrite: S. Tibi & W.H. Koppenol; Helv. Chim. Acta 83, 2412 (2000)
BCL-2 protects peroxynitrite-treated thymocytes from poly(ADP-ribose) synthase (PARS)-independent apoptotic but not from PARS-mediated necrotic cell death: L. Virag & C. Szabo; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 29, 704 (2000) Abstract
Peroxynitrite promotes mitochondrial permeability transition-dependent rapid u937 cell necrosis: survivors proliferate with kinetics superimposable on those of untreated cells: P. Sestili, et al.; Free Radic Res. 34, 513 (2001) Abstract
Peroxynitrite-induced cytotoxicity: mechanism and opportunities for intervention: L. Virag, et al.; Toxicol. Lett. 140-141, 113 (2003), (Review) Abstract
Preventing nitrite contamination in tetramethylammonium peroxynitrite solutions: P. Latal, et al.; Inorg. Chem. 43, 6519 (2004) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

PARP Other Products • DNA Repair Other Products

ALX-400-037

Revised 10-Apr-08

Carmustine
SYNONYMS	1,3-bis[2-Chloroethyl]-1-nitrosourea BCNU
PRODUCT LINE	Cancer
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Antitumor Agents (DNA Interaction & Gene Regulation)

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-400-037-M025		25 mg	52.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₅H₉CI₂N₃O₂
MW:	214.1
CAS NUMBER:	154-93-8
MERCK INDEX:	14: 1845
PURITY:	≥96% (Assay)
APPEARANCE:	Off-white to yellow crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water (4mg/ml) or 50% ethanol (150mg/ml).
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HAZARD:	IRRITANT. MAY BE CARCINOGENIC.

Product Description

DNA alkylating agent causing DNA interstrand cross-linking. Inhibitor of glutathione reductase, lipoamide dehydrogenase and trypanothione reductase.

ALX-400-038	Lomustine
ALX-400-039	Semustine

FORMULA:	C₉H₁₆CIN₃O₂
MW:	233.7
CAS NUMBER:	13010-47-4
MERCK INDEX:	14: 5564
PURITY:	≥97% (Assay)
APPEARANCE:	Yellowish crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in 100% ethanol or acetone.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
HANDLING:	Protect from moisture.
HAZARD:	MAY BE CARCINOGENIC. IRRITANT.

FORMULA:	C₆H₆N₂O
MW:	122.1
CAS NUMBER:	98-92-0
MERCK INDEX:	14: 6523
PURITY:	≥99%
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water; also soluble in 100 % ethanol or glycerol; slightly soluble in chloroform; almost insoluble in ether or acetone.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+20°C
USE/STABILITY:	Susceptible to hydrolysis in acidic or alkaline solution.
HANDLING:	Protect from light.
HAZARD:	IRRITANT. MAY BE MUTAGENIC.