ALEXIS Biochemicals: Flagellin (high purity)

ALX-522-058

Revised 05-Jun-08

Flagellin (high purity)
SYNONYMS	FliC (high purity)
PRODUCT LINE	Inflammation
PRODUCT CATEGORY	TLR Agonists Other Products

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-522-058-C010		10 µg	298.00 USD

Product Specification

SPECIES CROSSREACTIVITY:	Human Mouse
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Salmonella typhimurium strain 14028.
CONCENTRATION:	0.1mg/ml after reconstitution.
PURITY:	≥95% (SDS-PAGE)
FORMULATION:	Lyophilized. Contains PBS.
ENDOTOXIN CONTENT:	<0.1EU/µg purified protein (LAL test; Bio Whittaker).
RECONSTITUTION:	Reconstitute with 100µl sterile water.
SPECIFICITY:	Binds to human and mouse TLR5 (Toll-like receptor 5).
BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY:	Activation of TLR5 in human epithelial cell assays based on NF-κB luciferase fusions, on expression of IL-8 (CXCL8), CCL20, inducible nitric oxide synthase, β-defensin 2 and matrilysin (MMP-7). Maturation of dendritic cells in in vitro and in vivo assays. Adjuvant activity on foreign antigens delivered by subcutaneous and intranasal routes in mice.
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
USE/STABILITY:	Stable for at least 6 months after receipt when stored at -20°C.
HANDLING:	After reconstitution, prepare aliquots and store at -20°C. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles.

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Product Specific Literature References

Flagellin stimulation of intestinal epithelial cells triggers CCL20-mediated migration of dendritic cells: F. Sierro, et al.; PNAS 98, 13722 (2001) Abstract; Full Text
Pathophysiological role of Toll-like receptor 5 engagement by bacterial flagellin in colonic inflammation: S.H. Rhee, et al.; PNAS 102, 13610 (2005) Abstract

General Information

Motile bacteria produce flagella, filaments composed mainly of the structural subunit flagellin. Flagellins are highly conserved molecules among both gram negative and gram positive bacteria, especially in 170 N-terminal and 100 C-terminal amino acids. In mammalian cells, Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) senses various flagellins resulting in activation of innate and adaptive immunity. The phase 1 flagellin FliC from Salmonella typhimurium (serotype H 'I'), a protein of 494 amino acids, upregulates production of chemokines and antimicrobial compounds in human epithelial cells and monocytes and induces maturation of dendritic cells.
BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION	Swiss-Prot link P06179: Flagellin (Salmonella typhimurium)
MANUFACTURER	Manufactured by Apotech Corporation.

General Literature References

The innate immune response to bacterial flagellin is mediated by Toll-like receptor 5: F. Hayashi, et al.; Nature 410, 1099 (2001) Abstract
Salmonella typhimurium translocates flagellin across intestinal epithelia, inducing a proinflammatory response: A.T. Gewirtz, et al.; J. Clin. Invest. 107, 99 (2001) Abstract
Cutting edge: bacterial flagellin activates basolaterally expressed TLR5 to induce epithelial proinflammatory gene expression: A.T. Gewirtz, et al.; J. Immunol. 167, 1882 (2001) Abstract
Salmonella flagellin-dependent proinflammatory responses are localized to the conserved amino and carboxyl regions of the protein: T.D. Eaves-Pyles, et al.; J. Immunol. 167, 7009 (2001) Abstract
Flagellin, a novel mediator of Salmonella-induced epithelial activation and systemic inflammation: I kappa B alpha degradation, induction of nitric oxide synthase, induction of proinflammatory mediators, and cardiovascular dysfunction: T. Eaves-Pyles, et al.; J. Immunol. 166, 1248 (2001) Abstract
Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli expresses a novel flagellin that causes IL-8 release from intestinal epithelial cells: T.S. Steiner, et al.; J. Clin. Invest. 105, 1769 (2000) Abstract
Salmonella flagellin induces tumor necrosis factor alpha in a human promonocytic cell line: F. Ciacci-Woolwine, et al.; Infect. Immun. 66, 1127 (1998) Abstract
Locations of terminal segments of flagellin in the filament structure and their roles in polymerization and polymorphism: Y. Mimori-Kiyosue, et al.; J. Mol. Biol. 270, 222 (1997) Abstract

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