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ALX-350-044 Revised 06-Jun-08
Microcystin-YR
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Microcystins
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-350-044-C025   25 µg 140.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-044-C100   100 µg 210.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C52H72N10O13
MW: 1045.2
CAS NUMBER: 101064-48-6
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Microcystis aeruginosa.
PURITY: ≥95% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: Whitish film adhered to inside of the vial.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol, methanol or DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: For maximum product recovery after thawing, centrifuge the vial before opening the cap.
HAZARD: MAY BE CARCINOGENIC. HIGHLY IRRITANT. VERY TOXIC.
IDENTITY: Identity determined by MS.

Product Description
Analog of microcystin-LR (Prod. No. ALX-350-012) with Tyr substituted in place of Leu. As for all microcystins the conjugated double bonds in the ADDA moiety cause a characteristic absorption maximum at 238nm. The Tyr residue in position 2 of microcystin-YR confers an absorption maximum at 232nm. Potent inhibitor of eukaryotic protein phosphatases 1 and 2A. Useful as a reference compound in environmental analysis. The hydroxyl group of the Tyr residue may prove useful for linking microcystin-YR via conjugation to other chemicals. Inhibits the synthesis of proteases such as cathepsin D and L, and arginine aminopeptidase.
Product Specific Literature References
Structural studies on cyanoginosins-LR, -YR, -YA, and -YM, peptide toxins from Microcystis aeruginosa: D.P. Botes, et al.; JCS Perkin Trans. I, 2747 (1985)
Cyanobacteria secondary metabolites - the cyanotoxins: W.W. Carmichael; J. Appl. Bacteriol. 72, 445 (1992) Abstract
Extraction and high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of microcystins in raw and treated waters: L.A. Lawton, et al.; Analyst 119, 1525 (1994) Abstract
Characterization of natural toxins with inhibitory activity against serine/threonine protein phosphatases: R.E. Honkanen, et al.; Toxicon 32, 339 (1994) Abstract
Isolation and characterization of microcystins from laboratory cultures and environmental samples of Microcystis aeruginosa and from an associated animal toxicosis: L.A. Lawton, et al.; Nat. Toxins 3, 50 (1995) Abstract
The cyanotoxins: W.W. Carmichael; Adv. Bot. Res. 27, 211 (1997)
The toxicology of microcystins: R.M. Dawson; Toxicon 36, 953 (1998) Abstract
Molecular mechanisms underlying inhibition of protein phosphatases by marine toxins: J.F. Dawson and C.F. Holmes; Front. Biosci. 4, D646 (1999) Abstract
Isolation and detection of microcystins and nodularins, cyanobacterial peptide hepatotoxins: J. Meriluoto, et al.; Methods Mol. Biol. 145, 65 (2000) Abstract
Toxicology and evaluation of microcystins: P.K. Lam, et al.; Ther. Drug. Monit. 22, 69 (2000) Abstract
Influence of microcystin-YR and nodularin on the activity of some proteolytic enzymes in mouse liver: A. Lankoff & A. Kolataj; Toxicon. 39, 419 (2001) Abstract
Molecular enzymology underlying regulation of protein phosphatase-1 by natural toxins: C.F. Holmes, et al.; Curr. Med. Chem. 9, 1981 (2002) Abstract
The microcystins and nodularins: cyclic polypeptide inhibitors of PP1 and PP2A: B.M. Gulledgea, et al.; Curr. Med. Chem. 9, 1991 (2002) Abstract
Production of secondary metabolites by freshwater cyanobacteria: K. Harada; Pharm. Bull. 52, 889 (2004) Abstract
Genetic contributions to the risk assessment of microcystin in the environment: E. Dittmann and T. Borner; Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 203, 192 (2005) Abstract
Detection of the cyanobacterial hepatotoxins microcystins: J. McElhiney and L.A. Lawton; Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 203, 219 (2005) Abstract
Guidance values for microcystins in water and cyanobacterial supplement products (blue-green algal supplements): a reasonable or misguided approach?: D. Dietrich and S. Hoeger; Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 203, 273 (2005) Abstract
Acute and subacute toxic effects produced by microcystin-YR on the fish cell lines RTG-2 and PLHC-1: S. Pichardo, et al.; Toxicol. In Vitro 21, 1460 (2007) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Proteases Other ProductsOther ToxinsMarine Natural Products
 
 

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