ALEXIS Biochemicals: Iberiotoxin

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ALX-260-126

Revised 02-Jan-06

β-Secretase Inhibitor
PRODUCT LINE	Neurobiology
PRODUCT CATEGORY	beta-Secretase / Related Products

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-260-126-M001		1 mg	150.00 USD
ALX-260-126-M005		5 mg	600.00 USD

Product Specification

SEQUENCE:	H-Lys-Thr-Glu-Glu-Ile-Ser-Glu-Asn-Sta-Val-Ala-Glu-Phe-OH
FORMULA:	C₇₃H₁₁₈N₁₆O₂₇
MW:	1651.8
PURITY:	≥98%
APPEARANCE:	White lyophilized powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO or water, pH 7.5.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
USE/STABILITY:	Stock solutions are stable for up to 3 months when stored at -20°C.
HANDLING:	Hygroscopic. After reconstitution, prepare aliquots and store at -20°C.

Product Description

Reversible inhibitor of β-secretase activity.

Product Specific Literature References

Purification and cloning of amyloid precursor protein beta-secretase from human brain: S. Sinha, et al.; Nature 402, 537 (1999) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Peptides

ALX-350-106

Revised 29-Nov-07

Ampullosporin A
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Antibiotics - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-350-106-M001		1 mg	50.00 USD

Product Specification

SEQUENCE:	Ac-Trp-Ala-Aib-Aib-Leu-Aib-Gln-Aib-Aib-Aib-Gln-Leu-Aib-Gln-Leucinol
FORMULA:	C₇₇H₁₂₇N₁₉O₁₉
MW:	1623.0
SOURCE/HOST:	Antibiotic isolated from Sepedonium ampullosporum.
PURITY:	≥98% (HPLC)
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in alcohols, chloroform or dichloromethane. Insoluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
HAZARD:	TOXIC.

Product Description

Peptaibol-type polypeptide. Induces pigment formation by the fungus Phoma destructiva, causes hypothermia in mice, displays neuroleptic activity in rats and forms instable pores in artificial bilayer membranes.

Product Specific Literature References

Ampullosporin, a new peptaibol-type antibiotic from Sepedonium ampullosporum HKI-0053 with neuroleptic activity in mice: M. Ritzau, et al.; J. Antibiot. 50, 722 (1997) Abstract
Differences in ion permeability of an artificial bilayer membrane caused by ampullosporin and bergofungin, new 15-membered peptaibol-type antibiotics: P. Grigoriev, et al.; Bioelectrochemistry 44, 155 (1997)
Differences in ion-channel formation by ampullosporins B, C, D and semisynthetic desacetyltryptophanyl ampullosporin A: P. Grigoriev, et al.; Bioelectrochemistry 57, 119 (2002) Abstract
Synthesis and biological evaluation of analogues of the peptaibol ampullosporin A: H.H. Nguyen, et al.; J. Med. Chem. 45, 2781 (2002) Abstract
Crystal structure and conformational analysis of ampullosporin A: M. Kronen, et al.; J. Pept. Sci. 9, 729 (2003) Abstract
Membrane association and activity of 15/16-membered peptide antibiotics: zervamicin IIB, ampullosporin A and antiamoebin I: T.N. Kropacheva, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1715, 6 (2005) Abstract
Transcriptional response to the neuroleptic-like compound Ampullosporin A in the rat ketamine model: H. Krugel, et al.; J. Neurochem. 97, Suppl. 1, 74 (2006) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Peptides • Alzheimer Research Other Products • Ion Channels & Transporters Other Products

ALX-350-233

Revised 30-Oct-07

Gramicidin A (high purity)
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Antibiotics - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-350-233-M001		1 mg	25.00 USD
ALX-350-233-M005		5 mg	70.00 USD

Product Specification

SEQUENCE:	HCO-Val-Gly-Ala-D-Leu-Ala-D-Val-Val-D-Val-Trp-D-Leu-Trp-D-Leu-Trp-D-Leu-Trp-NHCH₂CH₂OH
FORMULA:	C₉₉H₁₄₀N₂₀O₁₇
MW:	1882.3
CAS NUMBER:	11029-61-01
MERCK INDEX:	14: 4532
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Bacillus brevis.
PURITY:	≥95%
APPEARANCE:	Off-white solid.
PURITY DETAIL:	Contaminants: gB and gC isomers: <1% (HPLC).
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO, in the lower alcohols or in acetic acid.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C

Product Description

Naturally occurring ion channel forming pentadecapeptide. Causes K⁺/H⁺-exchange in mitochondria in a non-voltage dependent manner.

Product Specific Literature References

Purification of gramicidin A: C.J. Stankovic, et al.; Anal. Biochem. 184, 100 (1990) Abstract
The permeation properties of small organic cations in gramicidin A channels: S.A. Seoh & D. Busath; Biophys. J. 64, 1017 (1993) Abstract
Palmitoylation-induced conformational changes of specific side chains in the gramicidin transmembrane channel: R.E. Koeppe, 2nd, et al.; Biochemistry 34, 9299 (1995) Abstract
Two mechanisms of H+/OH- transport across phospholipid vesicular membrane facilitated by gramicidin A: B.S. Prabhananda & M.H. Kombrabail; Biophys. J. 71, 3091 (1996) Abstract
Effects of gramicidin-A on the adsorption of phospholipids to the air-water interface: S.C. Biswas, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1717, 41 (2005) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Peptides • K+ Channels Other Products

ALX-630-046

Revised 14-Oct-08

α-Conotoxin GI
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Neurotoxins

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-630-046-C500		500 µg	440.00 USD

Product Specification

SEQUENCE:	H-Glu-Cys-Cys-Asn-Pro-Ala-Cys-Gly-Arg-His-Tyr-Ser-Cys-NH₂ . HCl (Disulfide bonds between Cys²-Cys⁷and Cys³-Cys¹³)
FORMULA:	C₅₅H₈₀N₂₀O₁₈S₄
MW:	1437.6
RTECS:	GL1500000
SOURCE/HOST:	Synthetic. Originally isolated from Conus geographus.
PURITY:	≥97%
APPEARANCE:	White amorphous powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HAZARD:	VERY TOXIC.

Product Description

Neurotoxin. Postsynaptic inhibitor at the neuromuscular junction. Selective antagonist of neuromuscular or neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Not for sale in U.S.A.

Product Specific Literature References

Peptide toxins from Conus geographus venom: W.R. Gray, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 256, 4734 (1981) Abstract
Primary and secondary structure of conotoxin GI, a neurotoxic tridecapeptide from a marine snail: Y. Nishiuchi & S. Sakakibara; FEBS Lett. 148, 260 (1982) Abstract
The alpha-conotoxins GI and MI distinguish between the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist sites while SI does not: R.M. Hann, et al.; Biochemistry 33, 14058 (1994) Abstract
alpha-Conotoxins: nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists as pharmacological tools and potential drug leads: J. L. Dutton & D. J. Craik; Curr. Med. Chem. 8, 327 (2001), (Review) Abstract
Alpha-conotoxins as tools for the elucidation of structure and function of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes: A. Nicke, et al.; Eur. J. Biochem. 271, 2305 (2004), (Review) Abstract
alpha-Conotoxins as selective probes for nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subclasses: R.W. Janes; Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. 5, 280 (2005), (Review) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Peptides • Acetylcholine Receptors Other Products • Marine Natural Products

ALX-630-047

Revised 14-Oct-08

μ-Conotoxin GS
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Neurotoxins

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-630-047-C500		500 µg	790.00 USD

Product Specification

SEQUENCE:	H-Ala-Cys-Ser-Gly-Arg-Gly-Ser-Arg-Cys-Hyp-Hyp-Gln-Cys-Cys-Met-Gly-Leu-Arg-Cys-Gly-Arg-Gly-Asn-Pro-Gln-Lys-Cys-Ile-Gly-Ala-His-Gla-Asp-Val-OH (Disulfide bonds between Cys²-Cys¹⁴, Cys⁹-Cys¹⁹and Cys¹³-Cys²⁷) (Gla = L-γ-Carboxyglutamic acid)
FORMULA:	C₁₃₉H₂₂₀N₅₂O₄₈S₇
MW:	3612.1
SOURCE/HOST:	Synthetic. Originally isolated from Conus geographus.
QUANTITY:	0.55mg (0.15µmol)
CONCENTRATION:	0.1mM after reconstitution.
PURITY:	≥97%
APPEARANCE:	Lyophilized.
RECONSTITUTION:	Do not remove the cap. Inject 1.5ml of water or 0.9% sodium chloride into the vial using a syring. Let the contents dissolve thoroughly.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
USE/STABILITY:	Stable for at least 1 year when stored at -20°C. Stock solutions are stable for a few weeks at -20°C.
HANDLING:	After reconstitution, prepare aliquots and store at -20°C.
HAZARD:	VERY TOXIC.

Product Description

Neurotoxin. Na⁺channel blocker. Not for sale in U.S.A.

Product Specific Literature References

A novel sodium channel inhibitor from Conus geographus: purification, structure, and pharmacological properties: Y. Yanagawa, et al.; Biochemistry 27, 6256 (1988) Abstract
Solution structure of the sodium channel antagonist conotoxin GS: a new molecular caliper for probing sodium channel geometry: J.M. Hill, et al.; Structure 5, 571 (1997) Abstract
Using the deadly mu-conotoxins as probes of voltage-gated sodium channels: R. A. Li & G. F. Tomaselli; Toxicon 44, 117 (2004), (Review) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Peptides • Na+ Channels • Marine Natural Products

ALX-630-048

Revised 14-Oct-08

α-Conotoxin MI
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Neurotoxins

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-630-048-C500		500 µg	480.00 USD

Product Specification

SEQUENCE:	H-Gly-Arg-Cys-Cys-His-Pro-Ala-Cys-Gly-Lys-Asn-Tyr-Ser-Cys-NH₂ (Disulfide bonds between Cys³-Cys⁸and Cys⁴-Cys¹⁴)
FORMULA:	C₅₈H₈₆N₂₂O₁₇S₄
MW:	1491.7
SOURCE/HOST:	Synthetic. Originally isolated from Conus magus.
PURITY:	≥97%
APPEARANCE:	Lyophilized.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HAZARD:	VERY TOXIC.

Product Description

Neurotoxin. Postsynaptic inhibitor at the neuromuscular junction. Selective antagonist of neuromuscular or neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Not for sale in U.S.A.

Product Specific Literature References

Isolation and structure of a peptide toxin from the marine snail Conus magus: M. McIntosh, et al.; Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 218, 329 (1982) Abstract
Synthesis of conotoxin MI and GII: structure-activity relationship of conotoxins: Y. Nishiuchi & S. Sakakibara; Peptide Chemistry (Edited by E. Munekata) Protein Research Foundation, Osaka 1983, 191 (1984)
The alpha-conotoxins GI and MI distinguish between the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist sites while SI does not: R.M. Hann, et al.; Biochemistry 33, 14058 (1994) Abstract
alpha-Conotoxins: nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists as pharmacological tools and potential drug leads: J. L. Dutton & D. J. Craik; Curr. Med. Chem. 8, 327 (2001), (Review) Abstract
Alpha-conotoxins as tools for the elucidation of structure and function of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes: A. Nicke, et al.; Eur. J. Biochem. 271, 2305 (2004), (Review) Abstract
alpha-Conotoxins as selective probes for nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subclasses: R.W. Janes; Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. 5, 280 (2005), (Review) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Peptides • Acetylcholine Receptors Other Products • Marine Natural Products

ALX-630-049

Revised 14-Oct-08

α-Conotoxin SI
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Neurotoxins

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-630-049-C500		500 µg	480.00 USD

Product Specification

SEQUENCE:	H-Ile-Cys-Cys-Asn-Pro-Ala-Cys-Gly-Pro-Lys-Tyr-Ser-Cys-NH₂ (Disulfide bonds between Cys²-Cys⁷and Cys³-Cys¹³)
FORMULA:	C₅₅H₈₃N₁₆O₁₆S₄
MW:	1352.6
SOURCE/HOST:	Synthetic. Originally isolated from Conus striatus.
PURITY:	≥96%
APPEARANCE:	Lyophilized.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HAZARD:	VERY TOXIC.

Product Description

Neurotoxin. Postsynaptic inhibitor at the neuromuscular junction. Selective antagonist of neuromuscular or neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Not for sale in U.S.A.

Product Specific Literature References

Phylogenetic specificity of cholinergic ligands: alpha-conotoxin SI: G.C. Zafaralla, et al.; Biochemistry 27, 7102 (1988) Abstract
Synthesis of .alpha.-conotoxin SI, a bicyclic tridecapeptide amide with two disulfide bridges: illustration of novel protection schemes and oxidation strategies: M.C. Munson & G. Barany; JACS 115, 10203 (1993)
The alpha-conotoxins GI and MI distinguish between the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist sites while SI does not: R.M. Hann, et al.; Biochemistry 33, 14058 (1994) Abstract
alpha-Conotoxins: nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists as pharmacological tools and potential drug leads: J. L. Dutton & D. J. Craik; Curr. Med. Chem. 8, 327 (2001), (Review) Abstract
Alpha-conotoxins as tools for the elucidation of structure and function of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes: A. Nicke, et al.; Eur. J. Biochem. 271, 2305 (2004), (Review) Abstract
alpha-Conotoxins as selective probes for nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subclasses: R.W. Janes; Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. 5, 280 (2005), (Review) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Peptides • Acetylcholine Receptors Other Products • Marine Natural Products

ALX-630-053

Revised 14-Oct-08

ω-Conotoxin SVIB
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Neurotoxins

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-630-053-C500		500 µg	640.00 USD

Product Specification

SEQUENCE:	H-Cys-Lys-Leu-Lys-Gly-Gln-Ser-Cys-Arg-Lys-Thr-Ser-Tyr-Asp-Cys-Cys-Ser-Gly-Ser-Cys-Gly-Arg-Ser-Gly-Lys-Cys-NH₂ (Disulfide bonds between Cys¹-Cys¹⁶, Cys⁸-Cys²⁰and Cys¹⁵-Cys²⁶)
FORMULA:	C₁₀₅H₁₇₆N₃₈O₃₆S₆
MW:	2739.2
SOURCE/HOST:	Synthetic. Originally isolated from Conus striatus.
PURITY:	≥97%
APPEARANCE:	Lyophilized.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HAZARD:	VERY TOXIC.

Product Description

Neurotoxin. N-Type Ca²⁺channel blocker. Not for sale in U.S.A.

Product Specific Literature References

Conotoxins: B.M. Olivera, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 266, 22067 (1991), (Minireview) Abstract; Full Text
Novel alpha- and omega-conotoxins from Conus striatus venom: C.A. Ramilo, et al.; Biochemistry 31, 9919 (1992) Abstract
Effects of diverse omega-conopeptides on the in vivo release of glutamic and gamma-aminobutyric acids: R. Newcomb & A. Palma; Brain Res. 638, 95 (1994) Abstract
Novel omega-conopeptides reduced field potential amplitudes in the rat hippocampal slice: J.A. Fox; Neurosci. Lett. 165, 157 (1994) Abstract
Calcium channel diversity and neurotransmitter release: the omega-conotoxins and omega-agatoxins: B.M. Olivera, et al.; Ann. Rev. Biochem. 63, 823 (1994), (Review) Abstract
A consensus structure for omega-conotoxins with different selectivities for voltage-sensitive calcium channel subtypes: comparison of MVIIA, SVIB and SNX-202: K.J. Nielsen, et al.; J. Mol. Biol. 263, 297 (1996) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Peptides • Ca2+ Channels (N-type) • Marine Natural Products

ALX-630-054

Revised 14-Oct-08

μ-Conotoxin GIIIB
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Neurotoxins

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-630-054-C500		500 µg	790.00 USD

Product Specification

SEQUENCE:	H-Arg-Asp-Cys-Cys-Thr-Hyp-Hyp-Arg-Lys-Cys-Lys-Asp-Arg-Arg-Cys-Lys-Hyp-Met-Lys-Cys-Cys-Ala-NH₂ (Disulfide bonds between Cys³-Cys¹⁵, Cys⁴-Cys²⁰and Cys¹⁰-Cys²¹)
FORMULA:	C₁₀₁H₁₇₅N₃₉O₃₀S₇
MW:	2640.2
SOURCE/HOST:	Synthetic. Originally isolated from Conus geographus.
APPEARANCE:	Lyophilized.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HAZARD:	VERY TOXIC.

Product Description

Neurotoxin. Specific blocker of the skeletal voltage-gated Na⁺channels. Not for sale in U.S.A.

Product Specific Literature References

Conus geographus toxins that discriminate between neuronal and muscle sodium channels: L.J. Cruz, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 260, 9280 (1985) Abstract; Full Text
Use of geographutoxin II (mu-conotoxin) for the study of neuromuscular transmission in mouse: S.J. Hong & C.C. Chang; Br. J. Pharmacol. 97, 934 (1989) Abstract
Noncontractile acetylcholine receptor-operated Ca++ mobilization: suppression of activation by open channel blockers and acceleration of desensitization by closed channel blockers in mouse diaphragm muscle: M. Kimura, et al.; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 256, 18 (1991) Abstract
Conotoxins: B.M. Olivera, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 266, 22067 (1991), (Minireview) Abstract; Full Text
Presynaptic calcium signals and transmitter release are modulated by calcium-activated potassium channels: R. Robitaille & M.P. Charlton; J. Neurosci. 12, 297 (1992) Abstract
Solution synthesis of mu-conotoxin GIIIB: optimization of the oxidative folding reaction: S. Kubo, et al.; Pept. Res. 6, 66 (1993) Abstract
Using the deadly mu-conotoxins as probes of voltage-gated sodium channels: R. A. Li & G. F. Tomaselli; Toxicon 44, 117 (2004), (Review) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Peptides • Na+ Channels • Marine Natural Products

ALX-630-055

Revised 10-Oct-08

ω-Conotoxin GVIA
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Neurotoxins

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-630-055-C500		500 µg	790.00 USD

Product Specification

SEQUENCE:	H-Cys-Lys-Ser-Hyp-Gly-Ser-Ser-Cys-Ser-Hyp-Thr-Ser-Tyr-Asn-Cys-Cys-Arg-Ser-Cys-Asn-Hyp-Tyr-Thr-Lys-Arg-Cys-Tyr-NH₂ (Disulfide bonds between Cys¹-Cys¹⁶, Cys⁸-Cys¹⁹and Cys¹⁵-Cys²⁶)
FORMULA:	C₁₂₀H₁₈₂N₃₈O₄₃S₆
MW:	3037.3
CAS NUMBER:	106375-28-4
SOURCE/HOST:	Synthetic. Originally isolated from Conus geographus.
QUANTITY:
CONCENTRATION:	0.1mM after reconstitution.
PURITY:	≥97%
APPEARANCE:	Lyophilized.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water.
RECONSTITUTION:	Do not remove the cap. Inject distilled water into the vial using a calibrated syringe. Dissolve all contents thoroughly.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
USE/STABILITY:	Stable