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Neurotoxins
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ALX-350-003 Revised 23-May-08
Okadaic acid (high purity)
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SYNONYMS Halochondrine A (high purity)
9,10-Deepithio-9,10-didehydroacanthifolicin (high purity)
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Okadaic Acids
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-350-003-C025   25 µg 60.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-003-C050   50 µg 110.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-003-C100   100 µg 180.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-003-M001   1 mg 990.00 USD Add To Cart
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Product Specification
FORMULA: C44H68O13
MW: 805.0
CAS NUMBER: 78111-17-8
MERCK INDEX: 14: 6819
RTECS: AA8227800
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Prorocentrum concavum by preparative flash, medium pressure and high performance liquid chromatography.
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol or methanol (1mg/ml).
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Use only fresh solutions.
HANDLING: Protect from light. Packaged under inert gas.
HAZARD: MAY BE CARCINOGENIC. HIGHLY IRRITANT. TOXIC.

Product Description
Potent inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A) in numerous cell types. Does not affect activity of acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and tyrosine phosphatase. Non-phorbol type tumor promoter. Induces apoptosis in human breast carcinoma cells (MB-231 and MCF-7) and in myeloid cells, but inhibits glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis in T cell hybridomas. Tumor promoter. Has shown contractile effect on smooth muscle and heart muscle. Significantly increases cyclin B1 expression in adult neurons.
Product Specific Literature References
Okadaic acid: an additional non-phorbol-12-tetradecanoate-13-acetate- type tumor promoter: M. Suganuma, et al.; PNAS 85, 1768 (1988) Abstract
Protein phosphatases come of age: P. Cohen & P.T.W. Cohen; J. Biol. Chem. 264, 21435 (1989) Abstract; Full Text
The structure and regulation of protein phosphatases: P. Cohen; Ann. Rev. Biochem. 58, 453 (1989) Abstract
Effects of the tumour promoter okadaic acid on intracellular protein phosphorylation and metabolism: T.A. Haystead, et al.; Nature 337, 78 (1989) Abstract
Okadaic acid: a new probe for the study of cellular regulation: P. Cohen, et al.; TIPS 15, 98 (1990), (Review) Abstract
Nonphorbol tumor promoters okadaic acid and calyculin-A induce membrane translocation of protein kinase C: R. Gopalakrishna, et al.; BBRC 189, 950 (1992) Abstract
Protein phosphatase inhibitors okadaic acid and calyculin A alter cell shape and F-actin distribution and inhibit stimulus-dependent increases in cytoskeletal actin of human neutrophils: P. Kreienbuehl, et al.; Blood 80, 2911 (1992) Abstract
Site-specific dephosphorylation of smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase by protein phosphatases 1 and 2A: M. Nomura, et al.; Biochemistry 31, 11915 (1992) Abstract
Inhibition of apoptosis in human tumour cells by okadaic acid: Q. Song, et al.; J. Cell Physiol. 153, 550 (1992) Abstract
Okadaic acid enhances human T cell activation and phosphorylation of an internal substrate induced by phorbol myristate acetate: Y. Tada, et al.; Immunopharmacol. 24, 17 (1992) Abstract
Okadaic acid inhibits glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis in T cell hybridomas at its late stage: Y. Ohoka, et al.; BBRC 197, 916 (1993) Abstract
Multiple apoptotic death types triggered through activation of separate pathways by cAMP and inhibitors of protein phosphatases in one (IPC leukemia) cell line: B.T. Gjertsen, et al.; J. Cell. Sci. 107, 3363 (1994) Abstract
Differential induction of apoptosis in human breast tumor cells by okadaic acid and related inhibitors of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A: K. Kiguchi, et al.; Cell Growth Differentiation 5, 995 (1994) Abstract
Unique features of the okadaic acid activity class of tumor promoters: H. Fujiki & M. Suganuma; J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 125, 150 (1999), Review Abstract
Okadaic acid: the archetypal serine/threonine protein phosphatase inhibitor: A.B. Dounay & C.J. Forsyth; Curr. Med. Chem. 9, 1939 (2002), Review Abstract
Mechanism of Ca2+-mediated regulation of NDR protein kinase through autophosphorylation and phosphorylation by an upstream kinase: R. Tamaskovic, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 278, 6710 (2003) Abstract; Full Text
Okadaic acid induced cyclin B1 expression and mitotic catastrophe in rat cortex: B. Chen, et al.; Neurosci. Lett. 406, 178 (2006) Abstract
Related Products
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Neurotoxins • Protein Serine / Threonine Phosphatases Other Products • Natural Products - Other Tumor Promoters • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • Marine Natural Products • Vesicles & Membrane Trafficking Other Products
 
 
ALX-350-010 Revised 02-Apr-08
Okadaic acid . ammonium salt (high purity)
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SYNONYMS Halochondrine A . Na (high purity)
9,10-Deepithio-9,10-didehydroacanthifolicin . Na (high purity)
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Okadaic Acids
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-350-010-C025   25 µg 55.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-010-C100   100 µg 145.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-010-M001   1 mg 980.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C44H67O13 . NH4
MW: 804.0 . 18.0
CAS NUMBER: 155716-06-6
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Prorocentrum concavum by preparative flash, medium pressure and high performance liquid chromatography. Salt form generated in aqueous ammonium hydroxide-methanol solution.
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol, methanol, acetone, ethyl acetate or distilled water. Dissolve first in organic solvent before diluting in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Packaged under inert gas. Protect from light.
HAZARD: TOXIC. MAY BE CARCINOGENIC. HIGHLY IRRITANT.

Product Description
Salt form of okadaic acid (Prod. No. ALX-350-003), with slightly greater stability than the free acid after it is put into stock solution (in organic solvents). Potent inhibitor of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A). Potent tumor promotor and neurotoxin.
Related Products
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Neurotoxins • Natural Products - Other Tumor Promoters • Protein Serine / Threonine Phosphatases Other Products • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • Marine Natural Products • Vesicles & Membrane Trafficking Other Products
 
 
ALX-350-011 Revised 10-Apr-08
Okadaic acid . sodium salt (high purity)
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SYNONYMS Halochondrine A . sodium salt (high purity)
9,10-Deepithio-9,10-didehydroacanthifolicin . sodium salt (high purity)
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Okadaic Acids
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-350-011-C025   25 µg 58.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-011-C100   100 µg 160.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-011-M001   1 mg 980.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C44H67O13 . Na
MW: 804.0 . 23.0
CAS NUMBER: 209266-80-8
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Prorocentrum concavum by preparative flash, medium pressure and high performance liquid chromatography. Salt form generated in aqueous sodium hydroxide-methanol solution.
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO (1mg/ml), 100% ethanol, methanol, acetone, ethyl acetate or distilled water. Dissolve first in organic solvent before diluting in water. 
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: HIGHLY IRRITANT. MAY BE CARCINOGENIC. TOXIC.

Product Description
Salt form of okadaic acid (Prod. No. ALX-350-003), with slightly greater stability than the free acid after it is put into stock solution (in organic solvents). Potent inhibitor of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A). Potent tumor promotor and neurotoxin.
Related Products
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Natural Products - Other Tumor Promoters • Neurotoxins • Protein Serine / Threonine Phosphatases Other Products • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • Marine Natural Products • Vesicles & Membrane Trafficking Other Products
 
 
ALX-350-023 Revised 03-Jun-08
Cyclopiazonic acid
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SYNONYMS CPA
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - ATPase Inhibitors
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-350-023-M005   5 mg 42.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-023-M025   25 mg 145.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-023-M100   100 mg 460.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C20H20N2O3
MW: 336.4
CAS NUMBER: 18172-33-3
RTECS: UY8587000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Penicillium griseofulvum.
PURITY: ≥98% (TLC)
APPEARANCE: Off-white to yellow powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO (50mg/ml), methylene chloride or methanol (10mg/ml).
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: TOXIC.

Product Description
Mycotoxin. Cell permeable, reversible inhibitor of Ca2+-ATPases.
Product Specific Literature References
Cyclopiazonic acid is a specific inhibitor of the Ca2+-ATPase of sarcoplasmic reticulum: N.W. Seidler, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 264, 17816 (1989) Abstract; Full Text
Acetylcholine Ca2+ stores refilling directly involves a dihydropyridine- sensitive channel in dog trachea: J.P. Bourreau, et al.; Am. J. Physiol. 261, C497 (1991) Abstract
Discrimination of Ca(2+)-ATPase activity of the sarcoplasmic reticulum from actomyosin-type ATPase activity of myofibrils in skinned mammalian skeletal muscle fibres: distinct effects of cyclopiazonic acid on the two ATPase activities: N. Kurebayashi & Y. Ogawa; J. Muscle Res. Cell Motility 12, 355 (1991) Abstract
Coupling between intracellular Ca2+ stores and the Ca2+ permeability of the plasma membrane. Comparison of the effects of thapsigargin, 2,5-di- (tert-butyl)-1,4-hydroquinone, and cyclopiazonic acid in rat thymic lymphocytes: M.J. Mason, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 266, 20856 (1991) Abstract; Full Text
Cyclopiazonic acid depletes intracellular Ca2+ stores and activates an influx pathway for divalent cations in HL-60 cells: N. Demaurex, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 267, 2318 (1992) Abstract; Full Text
Cyclopiazonic acid, an inhibitor of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)- pump, reduces Ca(2+)-dependent K+ currents in guinea-pig smooth muscle cells: M. Suzuki, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 107, 134 (1992) Abstract
Effects of cyclopiazonic acid, a novel Ca(2+)-ATPase inhibitor, on contractile responses in skinned ileal smooth muscle: Y. Uyama, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 106, 208 (1992) Abstract
Effects of cyclopiazonic acid and ryanodine on cytosolic calcium and contraction in vascular smooth muscle: F. Abe, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 118, 1711 (1996) Abstract
Natural and in vitro coproduction of cyclopiazonic acid and aflatoxins: M.L. Martins & H.M. Martins; J. Food Prot. 62, 292 (1999) Abstract
Recent advances in analytical methodology for cyclopiazonic acid: J.W. Dorner; Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 504, 107 (2002), Review Abstract
Cyclopiazonic acid reduces the coupling factor of the Ca2+-ATPase acting on Ca2+ binding: F. Martinez-Azorin; FEBS Lett. 576, 73 (2004) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Ca2+-ATPase / Related Products • Neurotoxins • Mycotoxins
 
 
ALX-350-029 Revised 07-Oct-08
Herbimycin A
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics - Protein Kinase Inhibitors
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-350-029-C100   100 µg 110.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-029-M001   1 mg 560.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C30H42N2O9
MW: 574.7
CAS NUMBER: 70563-58-5
RTECS: LX8930000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces sp.
PURITY: ≥97%
APPEARANCE: Yellow powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.

Product Description
Antibiotic. Cell permeable tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Inhibitor of HSP90, NF-κB activation and angiogenesis. Increases the sensitivity of certain cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents. Blocks mitotic activity. Neurotoxic.
Product Specific Literature References
Herbimycin, a new antibiotic produced by a strain of Streptomyces: S. Omura, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 32, 255 (1979) Abstract
A new activity of herbimycin A: inhibition of angiogenesis: T. Yamashita, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 42, 1015 (1989) Abstract
Stimulation by Bt2cAMP of epidermal mucous metaplasia in retinol- pretreated chick embryonic cultured skin, and its inhibition by herbimycin A, an inhibitor for protein-tyrosine kinase: A. Obinata, et al.; Exp. Cell. Res. 193, 36 (1991) Abstract
IgE-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of phospholipase C-gamma 1 in rat basophilic leukemia cells: D.J. Park, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 266, 24237 (1991) Abstract; Full Text
Bacterial lipopolysaccharide stimulates protein tyrosine phosphorylation in macrophages: S.L. Weinstein, et al.; PNAS 88, 4148 (1991) Abstract
Inhibition of interleukin 3 and granulocyte-macrophage colony- stimulating factor stimulated increase of active ras.GTP by herbimycin A, a specific inhibitor of tyrosine kinases: T. Satoh, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 267, 2537 (1992) Abstract; Full Text
New insight into oncoprotein-targeted antitumor effect: herbimycin A as an antagonist of protein tyrosine kinase against Ph1-positive leukemia cells: M. Okabe and M. Uehara; Leuk. Lymphoma 12, 41 (1993) Abstract
Prevention of anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody-induced thymic apoptosis by protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors: K. Migita, et al.; J. Immunol. 153, 3457 (1994) Abstract
Inhibition of heat shock protein HSP90-pp60v-src heteroprotein complex formation by benzoquinone ansamycins: essential role for stress proteins in oncogenic transformation: L. Whitesell, et al.; PNAS 91, 8324 (1994) Abstract; Full Text
Inhibition of PDGF-induced phospholipase D but not phospholipase C activation by herbimycin A: B.Y. Kim; BBRC 212, 1061 (1995) Abstract
Controlling the vasculature: angiogenesis, anti-angiogenesis and vascular targeting of gene therapy: T.-P.D. Fan, et al.; TIPS 16, 57 (1995), (Review) Abstract
Herbimycin A enhances apoptotic effect of chemotherapeutic drugs on K562 cells: H. Ren, et al.; Chin. Med. J. (Engl.) 111, 678 (1998) Abstract
Hsp-90-associated oncoproteins: multiple targets of geldanamycin and its analogs: M.V. Blagosklonny; Leukemia 16, 455 (2002) Abstract; Full Text
Geldanamycin and herbimycin A induce apoptotic killing of B chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells and augment the cells’ sensitivity to cytotoxic drugs: D.T. Jones, et al.; Blood 103, 1855 (2004) Abstract; Full Text
Herbimycin A abrogates nuclear factor-kappaB activation by interacting preferentially with the IkappaB kinase beta subunit: S. Ogino, et al.; Mol. Pharmacol. 65, 1344 (2004) Abstract; Full Text
Herbimycin A suppresses mitotic activity and egg production of female Schistosoma mansoni: J. Knobloch, et al.; Int. J. Parasitol. 36, 1261 (2006) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors • Neurotoxins • Phospholipase D / Related Products • Antibiotics for Angiogenesis Research • HSP90 / HtpG / Related Products
 
 
ALX-350-052 Revised 17-Nov-08
Dihydrocapsaicin
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SYNONYMS 8-Methyl-N-vanillylnonanamide
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Neurotoxins
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-350-052-M010   10 mg 28.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-052-M050   50 mg 70.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C18H29NO3
MW: 307.4
CAS NUMBER: 19408-84-5
RTECS: RA5998000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Capsicum fruit.
PURITY: ≥85%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in chloroform, DMSO or 100% ethanol; sparingly soluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HAZARD: IRRITANT. POTENT NEUROTOXIN.

Product Description
Dihydro-analog and congener of capsaicin (Prod. No. ALX-550-066) in chili peppers (Capsicum). Like capsaicin it is irritant. Dihydrocapsaicin accounts for about 22% of the total capsaicinoids mixture and has about the same pungency as capsaicin. Antioxidant. Reduces oxidation of serum lipids. Mutagenic.
Product Specific Literature References
The mutagenicity of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin in V79 cells: T. Lawson & P. Gannett; Cancer Lett. 48, 109 (1989) Abstract
Dihydrocapsaicin treatment depletes peptidergic nerve fibers of substance P and alters mast cell density in the respiratory tract of neonatal sheep: R. Ramirez-Romero, et al.; Regul. Pept. 91, 97 (2000) Abstract
Oxidative DNA damage by capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin in the presence of Cu(II): S. Singh, et al.; Cancer Lett. 169, 139 (2001) Abstract
Determination of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin in capsicum fruits by liquid chromatography-electrospray/time-of-flight mass spectrometry: A. Garces-Claver, et al.; J. Agric. Food Chem. 54, 9303 (2006) Abstract
Effects of capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, and curcumin on copper-induced oxidation of human serum lipids: K.D. Ahuja, et al.; J. Agric. Food Chem. 54, 6436 (2006) Abstract
General Literature References
Dihydrocapsaicin (DHC), a saturated structural analog of capsaicin,induces autophagy in human cancer cells in a catalase-regulated manner: S.H. Oh, et al.; Autophagy 4, 1009 (2008) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
TRPV1 Agonists and Antagonists / Related Products • Natural Products - Antioxidants • Active Substances from Fruit and Vegetables • Natural Products for Neurological Research • Autophagy Other Products • Alkaloids
 
 
ALX-350-063 Revised 22-Aug-08
Okadaic acid . potassium salt (high purity)
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SYNONYMS Halochondrine A . K (high purity)
9,10-Deepithio-9,10-didehydroacanthifolicin . K (high purity)
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Okadaic Acids
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-350-063-C050   50 µg 90.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-063-C100   100 µg 140.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-063-M001   1 mg 990.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C44H67O13 . K
MW: 804.0 . 39.1
CAS NUMBER: 155751-72-7
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Prorocentrum concavum.
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol, methanol, acetone, ethyl acetate or distilled water. Dissolve first in organic solvent before diluting in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light. Packaged under inert gas.
HAZARD: TOXIC. MAY BE CARCINOGENIC. HIGHLY IRRITANT.

Product Description
Salt form of okadaic acid (Prod. No. ALX-350-003), with slightly greater stability than the free acid after it is put into stock solution (in organic solvents). Potent inhibitor of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A). Potent tumor promotor and neurotoxin.
General Information
BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION Isolated from Prorocentrum concavum by preparative flash, low pressure and high performance liquid chromatography. Salt form generated in aqueous potassium hydroxide - methanol solution.
Related Products
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Neurotoxins • Protein Serine / Threonine Phosphatases Other Products • Natural Products - Other Tumor Promoters • Vesicles & Membrane Trafficking Other Products • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • Marine Natural Products
 
 
ALX-350-122 Revised 07-Apr-08
6’-Iodononivamide