ALEXIS Biochemicals: Bufalin

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ALX-270-244

Revised 03-Apr-08

Caffeic acid phenylethyl ester
SYNONYMS	CAPE Phenethyl caffeiate Caffeic acid phenethyl ester
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-270-244-M010		10 mg	20.00 USD
ALX-270-244-M050		50 mg	60.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₁₇H₁₆O₄
MW:	284.3
CAS NUMBER:	115610-29-2
SOURCE/HOST:	Synthetic.
PURITY:	≥97% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol, methanol, acetone or acetonitrile; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
USE/STABILITY:	Stable for at least one year after receipt when stored at –20°C.
HANDLING:	Protect from light and moisture.
HAZARD:	IRRITANT.

Product Description

Active component of propolis from honeybee hives, known to have anti-mitogenic, anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. Potent and specific inhibitor of NF-κB activation, induced by TNF-α (Prod. No. ALX-522-008 (human) or Prod. No. ALX-522-009 (mouse)), PMA (Prod. No. ALX-445-004) and other inflammatory agents. Exhibits inhibitory activity against HIV-1 integrase (IC₅₀=7µM). Suppresses lipid peroxidation and inhibits ornithine decarboxylase, protein tyrosine kinase and lipoxygenase activities. Induces apoptosis.

Product Specific Literature References

Hydroxylated aromatic inhibitors of HIV-1 integrase: T.R. Burke Jr., et al.; J. Med. Chem. 38, 4171 (1995) Abstract
Apoptosis and altered redox state induced by caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) in transformed rat fibroblast cells: C. Chiao, et al.; Cancer Res. 55, 3576 (1995) Abstract
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester is a potent and specific inhibitor of activation of nuclear transcription factor NF-kappa B: K. Natarajan, et al.; PNAS 93, 9090 (1996) Abstract
Inhibitory effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on the activity and expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in human oral epithelial cells and in a rat model of inflammation: P. Michaluart, et al.; Cancer Res. 59, 2347 (1999) Abstract
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester induces leukocyte apoptosis, modulates nuclear factor-kappa B and suppresses acute inflammation: Z. Orban, et al.; Neuroimmunomodulation 7, 99 (2000) Abstract
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester inhibits T-cell activation by targeting both nuclear factor of activated T-cells and NF-kappaB transcription factors: N. Marquez, et al.; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 308, 993 (2004) Abstract
Caffeic acid derivatives: in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties: F.M. da Cunha, et al.; Free Radic. Res. 38, 1241 (2004) Abstract
Drastic effect of several caffeic acid derivatives on the induction of heme oxygenase-1 expression revealed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR: K. Suzuki, et al.; Biofactors 28, 151 (2006) Abstract

Related Products

ALX-270-231	Caffeic acid
ALX-270-244	Caffeic acid phenylethyl ester

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Prostaglandins Other Products • Natural Products - Chemopreventive Agents • Natural Products - NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors • Natural Products - Immunomodulators • Natural Products - Nitric Oxide Pathway Modulators • Phenolic Acids • NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors

ALX-350-002

Revised 11-Nov-08

Canavanine . sulfate
SYNONYMS	L-α-Amino-γ-(guanidinooxy)-n-butyric acid . sulfate
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Natural Products - Nitric Oxide Pathway Modulators

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-350-002-M100		100 mg	25.00 USD
ALX-350-002-M500		500 mg	95.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₅H₁₂N₄O₃. H₂SO₄
MW:	176.2 . 98.1
CAS NUMBER:	2219-31-0
MERCK INDEX:	14: 1737
PURITY:	≥99% (TLC)
APPEARANCE:	White to-off white powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water (100mg/ml).
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
HAZARD:	HARMFUL.
IDENTITY:	Identity determined by IR.

Product Description

The non-protein amino acid L-canavanine is an analog of L-arginine. Selective inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS; NOS II) inhibitor. Induces apoptotic cell death and shows antiproliferative and immunotoxic effects.

Product Specific Literature References

Inhibition of the growth of human pancreatic cancer cells by the arginine antimetabolite L-canavanine: D.S. Swaffar, et al.; Cancer Res. 54, 6045 (1994) Abstract
Inhibition of nitric oxide formation with L-canavanine attenuates endotoxin-induced vascular hyporeactivity in the rat: M. Cai, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 295, 215 (1996) Abstract
Beneficial effects of L-canavanine, a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase, during rodent endotoxaemia: L. Liaudet, et al.; Clin. Sci. (London) 90, 369 (1996) Abstract
Effects of L-canavanine, an inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase, on endotoxin mediated shock in rats: Z. Fatehi-Hassanabad, et al.; Shock 6, 194 (1996) Abstract
L-Canavanine modulates cellular growth, chemosensitivity and P-glycoprotein substrate accumulation in cultured human tumor cell lines: D.R. Worthen, et al.; Cancer Lett. 132, 229 (1998) Abstract
Beneficial effects of L-canavanine, a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase, on lactate metabolism and muscle high energy phosphates during endotoxic shock in rats: B. Levy, et al.; Shock 11, 98 (1999) Abstract
L-canavanine, a selective inhibitor of inducible NO synthase, increases plasma endothelin-1 concentrations in dogs with endotoxic shock: C. Mitaka, et al.; J. Crit. Care 16, 17 (2001) Abstract
Quercetin, coenzyme Q10, and L-canavanine as protective agents against lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide generation in endotoxin-induced shock in rat brain: H.M. Abd El-Gawad & A.E. Khalifa; Pharmacol. Res. 43, 257 (2001) Abstract
Effect of L-canavanine, an Inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase, on myocardial dysfunction during septic shock: N. Suzuki, et al.; J. Nippon Med. Sch. 69, 13 (2002) Abstract; Full Text
The antiproliferative and immunotoxic effects of L-canavanine and L-canaline: A.K. Bence, et al.; Anticancer Drugs 13, 313 (2002) Abstract
Arginine antimetabolite L-canavanine induces apoptotic cell death in human Jurkat T cells via caspase-3 activation regulated by Bcl-2 or Bcl-xL: M.H. Jang, et al.; BBRC 295, 283 (2002) Abstract
L-Canavanine as a radiosensitization agent for human pancreatic cancer cells: A.K. Bence, et al.; Mol. Cell Biochem. 244, 37 (2003) Abstract
Comparative effects of vasopressin, norepinephrine, and L-canavanine, a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase, in endotoxic shock: B. Levy, et al.; Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 287, H209 (2004) Abstract; Full Text
L-arginine analogs as alternate substrates for nitric oxide synthase: S.D. Luzzi & M.A. Marletta; Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 15, 3934 (2005) Abstract
Role of non-protein amino acid L-canavanine in autoimmunity: J. Akaogi, et al.; Autoimmun. Rev. 5, 429 (2006) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

NOS Inhibitors (NOS Induction & Enzyme Activity) • Natural Products - Immunomodulators • Active Substances from Fruit and Vegetables • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors

ALX-350-005

Revised 02-Oct-07

Bryostatin 1
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Natural Products - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-350-005-C010		10 µg	85.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₄₇H₆₈O₁₇
MW:	905.0
CAS NUMBER:	83314-01-6
MERCK INDEX:	14: 1457
PURITY:	≥97%
APPEARANCE:	Colorless oil.
SOLUBILITY:	25mg/ml soluble in 100% ethanol or DMSO.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Store tightly sealed. Binds to glass and plastic surfaces in aqueous solutions.

Product Description

Binds to and activates protein kinase C (PKC). Antineoplastic.

Product Specific Literature References

Isolation and structure of Bryostatin 1: G.R. Pettit, et al.; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 104, 6846 (1982)
Bryostatin 1: differentiating agent from the depths: R.M. Stone; Leuk. Res. 21, 399 (1997) Abstract
Chemistry and clinical biology of the bryostatins: R. Mutter & M. Wills; Bioorg. Med. Chem. 8, 1841 (2000), (Review) Abstract
The clinical development of the bryostatins: A. Clamp and G.C. Jayson; Anticancer Drugs 13, 673 (2002) Abstract
The chemistry and biology of the bryostatin antitumour macrolides: K.J. Hale, et al.; Nat. Prod. Rep. 19, 413 (2002), Review Abstract
Bryostatin-1: pharmacology and therapeutic potential as a CNS drug: M.K. Sun & D.L. Alkon; CNS Drug Rev. 12, 1 (2006), Review Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Antitumor Agents (Enzyme Activators & Inducers) • PKC Activators • Natural Products - Immunomodulators • Natural Products - Antitumor Reagents • Marine Natural Products

ALX-350-028

Revised 12-Sep-08

Curcumin (high purity)
SYNONYMS	1,7-bis(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione Diferuloylmethane
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-350-028-M010		10 mg	15.00 USD
ALX-350-028-M050		50 mg	60.00 USD
ALX-350-028-M250		250 mg	240.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₂₁H₂₀O₆
MW:	368.4
CAS NUMBER:	458-37-7
MERCK INDEX:	14: 2673
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from turmeric (Curcuma longa).
PURITY:	≥98.5% (Note: This highly purified product is free of demethoxy- and bis-demethoxycurcumin and does not contain 30-40% bioactive impurities)
APPEARANCE:	Orange-yellow crystalline powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in acetic acid or 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+20°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light.

Product Description

Dual inhibitor of cyclooxygenase (COX) and 5-lipoxygenase. Also inhibits glutathione S-transferase, induction of nitric oxide (NO) in activated macrophages and inhibits EGF-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of EGF receptors. Antioxidant. Inhibitor of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), disrupting the binding of NQO1 to wild type p53 inducing ubiquitin-independent degradation of p53 and inhibits p53-mediated apoptosis in normal thymocytes and myeloid leukemic cells.

Product Specific Literature References

Modification of certain inflammation-induced biochemical changes by curcumin: R. Srivastava & R.C. Srimal; Indian J. Med. Res. 81, 215 (1985) Abstract
Inhibition of 5-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE) formation in intact human neutrophils by naturally-occurring diarylheptanoids: inhibitory activities of curcuminoids and yakuchinones: D.L. Flynn, et al.; Prostagl. Leukotr. Med. 22, 357 (1986) Abstract
Inhibitory effect of curcumin on epidermal growth factor receptor kinase activity in A431 cells: L. Korutla & R. Kumar; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1224, 597 (1994) Abstract
Curcumin, an anti-tumour promoter and anti-inflammatory agent, inhibits induction of nitric oxide synthase in activated macrophages: I. Brouet & H. Okshima; BBRC 206, 533 (1995) Abstract
Cytotoxicity and cytoprotective activities of natural compounds. The case of curcumin: J.N. Commandeur & N.P. Vermeulen; Xenobiotica 26, 667 (1996) Abstract
Nitric oxide scavenging by curcuminoids: Sreejayan & M.N. Rao; J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 49, 105 (1997) Abstract
Inhibitory effects of curcumin on tumorigenesis in mice: M.T. Huang, et al.; J. Cell. Biochem. (Suppl.) 27, 26 (1997) Abstract
In vivo inhibition of nitric oxide synthase gene expression by curcumin, a cancer preventive natural product with anti-inflammatory properties: M.M. Chan, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 55, 1955 (1998) Abstract
Effect of curcumin on the production of nitric oxide by cultured rat mammary gland: M. Onoda & H. Inano; Nitric Oxide 4, 505 (2000) Abstract
Suppression of nitric oxide oxidation to nitrite by curcumin is due to the sequestration of the reaction intermediate nitrogen dioxide, not nitric oxide: B.D. Johnston & E.G. DeMaster; Nitric Oxide 8, 231 (2003) Abstract
Biological properties of curcumin-cellular and molecular mechanisms of action: B. Joe, et al.; Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 44, 97 (2004), (Review) Abstract
Curcumin, a major constituent of turmeric, corrects cystic fibrosis defects: M.E. Egan, et al.; Science 304, 600 (2004) Abstract
Inhibition of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 activity and induction of p53 degradation by the natural phenolic compound curcumin: P. Tsvetkov, et al.; PNAS 102, 5535 (2005) Abstract
Immunomodulatory effects of curcumin: V.S. Yadav, et al.; Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol. 27, 485 (2005) Abstract
Curcumin, an atoxic antioxidant and natural NFkappaB, cyclooxygenase-2, lipooxygenase, and inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor: a shield against acute and chronic diseases: S. Bengmark; JPEN J. Parenter. Enteral. Nutr. 30, 45 (2006), (Review) Abstract
Curcumin is an inhibitor of p300 histone acetylatransferase: M.G. Marcu, et al.; Med. Chem. 2, 169 (2006) Abstract
Multiple biological activities of curcumin: a short review: R.K. Maheshwari, et al.; Life Sci. 78, 2081 (2006), (Review) Abstract
Curcumin inhibits hypoxia-induced angiogenesis via down-regulation of HIF-1: M.K. Bae, et al.; Oncol. Rep. 15, 1557 (2006) Abstract
Notch-1 down-regulation by curcumin is associated with the inhibition of cell growth and the induction of apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells: Z. Wang, et al.; Cancer 106, 2503 (2006) Abstract
Curcumin improves wound healing by modulating collagen and decreasing reactive oxygen species: M. Panchatcharam, et al.; Mol. Cell Biochem. 290, 87 (2006) Abstract
Inhibitory effect of curcumin on nitric oxide production from lipopolysaccharide-activated primary microglia: K.K. Jung, et al.; Life Sci. 79, 2022 (2006) Abstract
The dietary compound curcumin inhibits p300 histone acetyltransferase activity and prevents heart failure in rats: T. Morimoto, et al.; J. Clin. Invest. 118, 868 (2008) Abstract; Full Text

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Other Natural Products for Cancer Research • Cell Cycle Blockers & Inhibitors / Related Products • Lipoxygenases / Related Products • EGFR Kinase Inhibitors • Natural Products - Protein Kinase Inhibitors • Respiratory Chain Other Products • Natural Products - Immunomodulators • Natural Products - NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors • Natural Products - Antioxidants • Glutathione S-Transferase • Natural Products - Nitric Oxide Pathway Modulators • Active Substances from Fruit and Vegetables • COX Inhibitors • Polyphenols Other Products • Natural Products for Angiogenesis Research • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors

ALX-350-105

Revised 05-Apr-08

Hellebrin
SYNONYMS	3β-(O4-β-D-Glucopyranosyl-α-L-rhamnopyranosyloxy)-5,14-dihydroxy-19-oxo-5β,14-β-bufa-20,22-dienolide
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Natural Products - ATPase Inhibitors

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-350-105-M001		1 mg	45.00 USD
ALX-350-105-M005		5 mg	180.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₃₆H₅₂O₁₅
MW:	724.8
CAS NUMBER:	13289-18-4
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Helleborus sp.
PURITY:	≥99%
APPEARANCE:	White solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HAZARD:	TOXIC.

Product Description

Cardiotonic glycoside which presents a bufadienolide-steroid structure. Besides ouabain (Prod. No. ALX-350-066), from the class of cardenolides hellebrin is the second unique water soluble cardiotonic glycoside. Extremely potent inhibitor of Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase (sodium pump) blocking the active efflux of Na⁺ and reuptake of K⁺ of this membrane enzyme. Shows a positive inotropic effect by increasing the intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration. Strong immunosuppressor inhibiting T cell activity with much higher potency than cortisol or cyclosporin A (Prod. No. ALX-380-002). Induces caspase-dependent apoptosis.

Product Specific Literature References

Über Hellebrin, ein krystallisiertes Glykosid aus Radix Hellebori nigri: W. Karrer; Helv. Chim. Acta 26, 1353 (1943)
The structure of hellebrin: P. Muhr, et al.; Liebigs Ann. Org. Bioorg. Chem. 2, 443 (1995)
In search of ideal inotropic steroids: recent progress: K.R. Repke, et al.; Prog. Drug Res. 47, 9 (1996) Abstract
Exquisitely small amounts of nonglucocorticoid natural steroids suppress the human allogeneic T-cell response: P. Terness, et al.; Transplant Proc. 33, 547 (2001) Abstract
Apoptosis-mediated selective killing of malignant cells by cardiac steroids: maintenance of cytotoxicity and loss of cardiac activity of chemically modified derivatives: D. Daniel, et al.; Int. Immunopharmacol. 3, 1791 (2003) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Na+ / K+-ATPase / Related Products • Calcium Signalling (Intracellular) Other Products • Natural Products - Immunomodulators • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors

ALX-350-121

Revised 14-Mar-08

Rocaglamide
SYNONYMS	Rocaglamide A
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Natural Products - NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-350-121-C100		100 µg	220.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₂₉H₃₁NO₇
MW:	505.6
CAS NUMBER:	84573-16-0
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Aglaia sp.
PURITY:	≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white sticky solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol or methanol.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light.

Product Description

Immunosuppressant. Potent inhibitor of NF-κB activation in T cells, with an almost complete inhibition at 200nM. Suppresses cytokine production (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2 and IL-4) and inhibits NF-AT in peripheral blood T cells at concentrations that do not impair NF-κB and AP-1 activities. In contrast to the immunosuppressant cyclosporin A (Prod. No. ALX-380-002), rocaglamide does not inhibit calcineurin phosphatase activity. Induces apoptosis.

Product Specific Literature References

X-ray crystal structure of rocaglamide, a novel antileukemic 1H-cyclopenta-(b)-benzofuran from Aglaia elliptofolia: M.L. King, et al.; J. C. S. Chem. Commun. 20, 1150 (1982)
Cyclopenta[b]benzofurans from Aglaia species with pronounced antifungal activity against rice blast fungus (Pyricularia grisea): D. Engelmeier, et al.; J. Agric. Food Chem. 48, 1400 (2000)
Insecticidal rocaglamide derivatives from Aglaia spectabilis (Meliaceae): C. Schneider, et al.; Phytochemistry 54, 731 (2000)
New insecticidal rocaglamide derivatives and related compounds from Aglaia oligophylla: M. Dreyer, et al.; J. Nat. Prod. 64, 415 (2001)
Rocaglamides, glycosides, and putrescine bisamides from Aglaia dasyclada: Chaidir, et al.; J. Nat. Prod. 64, 1216 (2001) Abstract
Rocaglamide derivatives are potent inhibitors of NF-kappa B activation in T-cells: B. Baumann, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 277, 44791 (2002) Abstract; Full Text
Rocaglamide derivatives are immunosuppressive phytochemicals that target NF-AT activity in T cells: P. Proksch, et al.; J. Immunol. 174, 7075 (2005) Abstract; Full Text
Potential of cyclopenta[b]benzofurans from Aglaia species in cancer chemotherapy: S. Kim, et al.; Anticancer Agents Med. Chem. 6, 319 (2006)
Potent cytotoxic rocaglamide derivatives from the fruits of Amoora cucullata: P. Chumkaew, et al.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. 54, 1344 (2006)
The traditional Chinese herbal compound rocaglamide preferentially induces apoptosis in leukemia cells by modulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase activities: J.Y. Zhu, et al.; Int. J. Cancer 121, 1839 (2007) Abstract

ALX-350-135	Rocaglaol
ALX-350-142	Rocaglamide I
ALX-350-141	Rocaglamide C
ALX-350-140	Rocaglamide AL
ALX-350-143	Rocaglamide J
ALX-380-002	Cyclosporin A

FORMULA:	C₁₁H₁₂O₄
MW:	208.2
CAS NUMBER:	66648-50-8
SOURCE/HOST:	Synthetic.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
USE/STABILITY:	Stable for at least one year after receipt when stored at -20°C.
HANDLING:	Protect from light and moisture.