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Oxidative Stress
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ALX-270-003 Revised 08-Aug-08
Diphenyleneiodonium chloride
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SYNONYMS Dibenziodolium chloride
PRODUCT LINE Nitric Oxide Pathway
PRODUCT CATEGORY NOS Inhibitors (NOS Induction & Enzyme Activity)
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-270-003-M025   25 mg 85.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-003-M100   100 mg 255.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C12H8ICl
MW: 314.5
CAS NUMBER: 4673-26-1
PURITY: ≥98% (TLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: 10mg/ml soluble in DMSO (warm).
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: HARMFUL.

Product Description
Binds strongly to flavoproteins and is thus a powerful and specific inhibitor of several important enzymes, including nitric oxide synthase (NOS), NADPH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase, NADPH oxidases and NADPH cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase. Nitric oxide synthase, which shows significant homology with cytochrome P450 reductase, has shown to be irreversibly inhibited by this compound.
Product Specific Literature References
Specific labelling of a constituent polypeptide of bovine heart mitochondrial reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide-ubiquinone reductase by the inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium: C.I. Ragan & D.P. Bloxham; Biochem. J. 163, 605 (1977) Abstract
The inhibition by diphenyleneiodonium and its analogues of superoxide generation by macrophages: J.T. Hancock & O.T.G. Jones; Biochem. J. 242, 103 (1987) Abstract
Indications to an NADPH oxidase as a possible pO2 sensor in the rat carotid body: H. Acker, et al.; FEBS Lett. 256, 75 (1989) Abstract
Purification and some properties of the 45 kDa diphenylene iodonium- binding flavoprotein of neutrophil NADPH oxidase: C.M. Yea, et al.; Biochem. J. 265, 95 (1990) Abstract
Inhibition of macrophage and endothelial cell nitric oxide synthase by diphenyleneiodonium and its analogs: D.J. Stuehr, et al.; FASEB J. 5, 98 (1991) Abstract
Inhibition of cytochrome P450 reductase by the diphenyliodonium cation. Kinetic analysis and covalent modifications: D.G. Tew; Biochemistry 32, 10209 (1993) Abstract
Diphenyleneiodonium sulfate, an NADPH oxidase inhibitor, prevents early alcohol-induced liver injury in the rat: H. Kono, et al.; Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 280, G1005 (2001) Abstract
Diphenyleneiodonium inhibits NF-kappaB activation and iNOS expression induced by IL-1beta: involvement of reactive oxygen species: A.F. Mendes, et al.; Mediators Inflamm. 10, 209 (2001) Abstract
Preferential inhibition of the plasma membrane NADH oxidase (NOX) activity by diphenyleneiodonium chloride with NADPH as donor: D.J. Morre; Antioxid. Redox Signal 4, 207 (2002) Abstract
G2 cell cycle arrest, down-regulation of cyclin B, and induction of mitotic catastrophe by the flavoprotein inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium: R.M. Scaife; Mol. Cancer Ther. 3, 1229 (2004) Abstract
Induction of apoptosis and modulation of production of reactive oxygen species in human endothelial cells by diphenyleneiodonium: A. Balcerczyk, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 69, 1263 (2005) Abstract
Selective and irreversible cell cycle inhibition by diphenyleneiodonium: R.M. Scaife; Mol. Cancer Ther. 4, 876 (2005) Abstract
 
 
ALX-270-022 Revised 09-Jan-08
AEBSF . hydrochloride
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SYNONYMS 4-(2-Aminoethyl)benzenesulfonylfluoride . HCl
Pefabloc®SC
PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY Proteases Other Products
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-270-022-M050   50 mg 40.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-022-M250   250 mg 145.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-022-G001   1 g 360.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C8H10FNO2S . HCl
MW: 203.2 . 36.5
CAS NUMBER: 30827-99-7
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water or 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HANDLING: Protect from moisture.

Product Description
Specific irreversible inhibitor of serine proteases including trypsin, chymotrypsin, plasmin, plasma kallikrein, and thrombin. Stable, non-toxic alternative to PMSF (Prod. No. ALX-270-184). Inhibitor of NAD(P)H oxidase. Activator of MAP kinases JNK and p38.
Product Specific Literature References
Irreversible enzyme inhibitors. 180. Irreversible inhibitors of the C'la component of complement derived from m-(phenoxypropoxy)benzamidine and phenoxyacetamide: B.R. Baker & H.J. Cory; J. Med. Chem. 14, 119 (1971) Abstract
Serine protease inhibitors block priming of monocytes for enhanced release of superoxide: P. Megyeri, et al.; Immunology 86, 629 (1995) Abstract; Full Text
Inhibition of amyloid beta-protein production in neural cells by the serine protease inhibitor AEBSF: M. Citron, et al.; Neuron 17, 171 (1996) Abstract
Lysis of leukemic cells by human macrophages: inhibition by 4-(2-aminoethyl)-benzenesulfonyl fluoride (AEBSF), a serine protease inhibitor: Y. Nakabo & M.J. Pabst; J. Leukoc. Biol. 60, 328 (1996) Abstract; Full Text
Inhibition of NADPH oxidase activation by 4-(2-aminoethyl)-benzenesulfonyl fluoride and related compounds: V. Diatchuk, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 272, 13292 (1997) Abstract; Full Text
4-(2-Aminoethyl)benzenesulfonyl fluoride attenuates tumor-necrosis-factor-alpha-induced blood-brain barrier opening: P. Megyeri, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 374, 207 (1999) Abstract
Evaluation of two inhibitors of invasion: LY311727 [3-(3-acetamide-1-benzyl-2-ethyl-indolyl-5-oxy)propane phosphonic acid] and AEBSF [4-(2-aminoethyl)-benzenesulphonyl fluoride] in acute murine toxoplasmosis: R. Buitrago-Rey, et al.; J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 49, 871 (2002) Abstract; Full Text
Heme oxygenase-1 gene activation by the NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor 4-(2-aminoethyl) benzenesulfonyl fluoride via a protein kinase B, p38-dependent signaling pathway in monocytes: N. Wijayanti, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 280, 21820 (2005) Abstract; Full Text
Inhibitory effect of 4-(2-aminoethyl)-benzenesulfonyl fluoride, a serine protease inhibitor, on PI3K inhibitor-induced CHOP expression: T. Hosoi, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 554, 8 (2007) Abstract
 
 
ALX-270-097 Revised 07-Sep-06
Ebselen
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SYNONYMS 2-Phenyl-1,2-benzisoselenazol-3-(2H)-one
PRODUCT LINE Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY Peroxynitrite / Scavengers / Detection
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ALX-270-097-M001   1 mg 12.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-097-M005   5 mg 20.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-097-M025   25 mg 60.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C13H9NOSe
MW: 274.2
CAS NUMBER: 60940-34-3
PURITY: ≥98% (NMR)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.

Product Description
Selenium-based inhibitor of protein kinase C, NADPH, 5-lipoxygenase, cyclooxygenase (COX) and NADPH oxidase. Anti-inflammatory antioxidant. Mimics glutathione peroxidase. Inhibits oxidative modifications of low density lipoproteins (LDL).
Product Specific Literature References
A novel biologically active seleno-organic compound--III. Effects of PZ 51 (Ebselen) on glutathione peroxidase and secretory activities of mouse macrophages: M.J. Parnham & S. Kindt; Biochem. Pharmacol. 33, 3247 (1984) Abstract
Seleno-organic compounds and the therapy of hydroperoxide-linked pathological conditions: M.J. Parnham & E. Graf; Biochem. Pharmacol. 36, 3095 (1987) Abstract
Kinetic mechanism and substrate specificity of glutathione peroxidase activity of ebselen (PZ51): M. Maiorino, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 37, 2267 (1988) Abstract
Studies on the anti-inflammatory activity of ebselen. Ebselen interferes with granulocyte oxidative burst by dual inhibition of NADPH oxidase and protein kinase C?: I.A. Cotgreave, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 38, 649 (1989) Abstract
T. Nikawa, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 47, 1007 (1994) Abstract
Effects of ebselen and probucol on oxidative modifications of lipid and protein of low density lipoprotein induced by free radicals: N. Noguchi, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1213, 176 (1994) Abstract
Strong inhibition of mammalian lipoxygenases by the antiinflammatory seleno-organic compound ebselen in the absence of glutathione: C. Schewe, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 48, 65 (1994) Abstract
Ebselen: a glutathione peroxidase mimic: H. Sies; Meth. Enzymol. 234, 476 (1994) Abstract
Molecular actions of ebselen-an antiinflammatory antioxidant: T. Schewe; Gen. Pharmacol. 26, 1153 (1995) Abstract
Ebselen: H. Sies; Meth. Enzymol. 252, 341 (1995) Abstract
Ebselen as a glutathione peroxidase mimic and as a scavenger of peroxynitrite: H. Sies & H. Masumoto; Adv. Pharmacol. 38, 229 (1997) Abstract
Free radical generation by selenium compounds and their prooxidant toxicity: J.E. Spallholz; Biomed. Environ. Sci. 10, 260 (1997) Abstract
Protection against peroxynitrite by selenoproteins: H. Sies, et al.; Z. Naturforsch. [C] 53, 228 (1998) Abstract
Ebselen protects mice against T cell-dependent, TNF-mediated apoptotic liver injury: G. Tiegs, et al.; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 287, 1098 (1998) Abstract; Full Text
 
 
ALX-270-125 Revised 25-Apr-08
Resveratrol
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SYNONYMS trans-3,4’,5-Trihydroxystilbene
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Antioxidants
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ALX-270-125-M050   50 mg 36.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-125-M100   100 mg 50.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-125-M250   250 mg 95.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C14H12O3
MW: 228.2
CAS NUMBER: 501-36-0
MERCK INDEX: 14: 8158
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Polygonum cuspidatum.
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY: ~65mg/ml soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol or dimethyl formamide; slightly soluble in PBS, pH 7.2 (~100 µg/ml).
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: IRRITANT.

Product Description
Shows cancer chemopreventive activity. Specific inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1). Inhibits the hydroperoxidase activity of COX-1. Antioxidant. Potent activator of human deacetylase SIRT1. Protects against 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) induced oxidative stress and apoptosis.
Product Specific Literature References
Vasorelaxing activity of resveratrol and quercetin in isolated rat aorta: C.K. Chen, et al.; Gen. Pharmacol. 27, 363 (1996) Abstract
Cancer chemopreventive activity of resveratrol, a natural product derived from grapes: M. Jang, et al.; Science 275, 218 (1997) Abstract
Cancer chemopreventive activity of resveratrol: M. Jang & J.M. Pezzuto; Drugs Exp. Clin. Res. 25, 65 (1999) Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis determination, synthesis, and stability of resveratrol and related 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosides: V. Brandolini, et al.; J. Agric. Food Chem. 50, 7407 (2002) Abstract
Small molecule activators of sirtuins extend Saccharomyces cerevisiae lifespan: K.T. Howitz, et al.; Nature 425, 191 (2003) Abstract
Resveratrol protects against 4-HNE induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts: O. Kutuk, et al.; Biofactors 20, 1 (2004) Abstract
Resveratrol, a polyphenol found in grapes, suppresses oxidative damage and stimulates apoptosis during early colonic inflammation in rats: A.R. Martin, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 67, 1399 (2004) Abstract
Resveratrol interferes with AKT activity and triggers apoptosis in human uterine cancer cells: E. Sexton, et al.; Mol. Cancer 5, 45 (2006) Abstract
Resveratrol and its analogs: Defense against cancer, coronary disease and neurodegenerative maladies or just a fad?: P. Saiko, et al.; Mutat. Res. 658, 68 (2008) Abstract
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ALX-270-202 Revised 07-Oct-08
Piceatannol
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SYNONYMS 3,4,3',5'-Tetrahydroxy-trans-stilbene
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Protein Kinase Inhibitors
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ALX-270-202-M001   1 mg 22.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-202-M005   5 mg 62.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-202-M010   10 mg 105.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-202-M050   50 mg 375.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C14H12O4
MW: 244.3
CAS NUMBER: 10083-24-6
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: Off-white to light pink crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO, dimethyl formamide, 100% ethanol, methanol, acetone or ethyl acetate; slightly soluble in water (1mg/ml).
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
USE/STABILITY: Unstable in sodium hydroxide.
HANDLING: Protect from light and oxygen.

Product Description
Originally isolated from Euphorbia lagascae. Selective protein tyrosine kinase Syk inhibitor. Activator of human deacetylase SIRT1.
Product Specific Literature References
Synthesis and evaluation of stilbene and dihydrostilbene derivatives as potential anticancer agents that inhibit tubulin polymerization: M. Cushman, et al.; J. Med. Chem. 34, 2579 (1991) Abstract
Inhibition of mast cell Fc epsilon R1-mediated signaling and effector function by the Syk-selective inhibitor, piceatannol: J.M. Oliver, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 269, 29697 (1994) Abstract; Full Text
The tyrosine phosphorylation of a p72syk-like protein in activated murine resident peritoneal macrophages: K.I. Abu-Lawi & B.M. Sultzer; Cell Mol. Biol. Res. 41, 49 (1995) Abstract
Calcium signaling in endothelial cells involves activation of tyrosine kinases and leads to activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases: I. Fleming, et al.; Circul. Res. 76, 522 (1995) Abstract
Coronary arteriolar flow-induced vasodilation signals through tyrosine kinase: J.M. Muller, et al.; Am. J. Physiol. 270, H1878 (1996) Abstract
Syk, activated by cross-linking the B-cell antigen receptor, localizes to the cytosol where it interacts with and phosphorylates alpha-tubulin on tyrosine: J.D. Peters, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 271, 4755 (1996) Abstract; Full Text
Src-regulated extracellular signal-related kinase and Syk-regulated c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathways act in conjunction to induce IL-1 synthesis in response to microtubule disruption in HL60 cells: B. Cambien, et al.; J. Immunol. 163, 5079 (1999) Abstract; Full Text
FcepsilonRI-mediated antigen endocytosis turns interferon-gamma-treated mouse mast cells from inefficient into potent antigen-presenting cells: C .Tkaczyk, et al.; Immunology 97, 333 (1999) Abstract
Piceatannol, a stilbene phytochemical, inhibits mitochondrial F0F1-ATPase activity by targeting the F1 complex: J. Zheng & V.D. Ramirez; BBRC 261, 499 (1999) Abstract
Microarray analysis of piceatannol-induced changes in gene expression in human gastric cancer cells : D. Jeoung, et al.; Biotechnology Lett. 24, 463 (2002) Abstract; Full Text
Piceatannol, a Syk-selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor, attenuated antigen challenge of guinea pig airways in vitro: C.J. Seow, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 443, 189 (2002) Abstract
Small molecule activators of sirtuins extend Saccharomyces cerevisiae lifespan: K.T. Howitz, et al.; Nature 425, 191 (2003)
 
 
ALX-270-231 Revised 28-Feb-08
Caffeic acid
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SYNONYMS 3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents
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ALX-270-231-M250   250 mg 10.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-231-G001   1 g 14.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C9H8O4
MW: 180.2
CAS NUMBER: 331-39-5
MERCK INDEX: 14: 1635
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic.
PURITY: ≥97%
APPEARANCE: Off-white to brown crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol, DMSO or dimethyl formamide; also soluble in PBS, pH 7.2.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +20°C
USE/STABILITY: Stable for at least 2 years when stored at +20°C. Organic stock solutions are stable for at least 6 months when stored at –20 °C. Store aqueous solutions of the product on ice and use within 12 hours of preparation.

Product Description

Naturally occuring phenolic compound found in many fruits, vegetables and herbs, including coffee. Shows anti-tumor, antiviral, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Inhibitor of 5- and 12-lipoxygenase (LO).

Product Specific Literature References
Caffeic acid is a selective inhibitor for leukotriene biosynthesis: Y. Koshihara, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 792, 92 (1984) Abstract
Inhibitory effect of caffeic acid esters on azoxymethane-induced biochemical changes and aberrant crypt foci formation in rat colon: C.V. Rao, et al.; Cancer Res. 53, 4182 (1993) Abstract
Inhibition of arachidonate lipoxygenase activities by 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanol, a phenolic compound from olives: N. Kohyama, et al.; Biosci. Biotech. Biochem. 61, 347 (1997) Abstract
Caffeic acid derivatives: in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties: F.M. da Cunha, et al.; Free Radic. Res. 38, 1241 (2004) Abstract
Novel and therapeutic effect of caffeic acid and caffeic acid phenyl ester on hepatocarcinoma cells: complete regression of hepatoma growth and metastasis by dual mechanism: T.W. Chung, et al.; FASEB J. 18, 1670 (2004) Abstract
Anti-HIV activities of natural antioxidant caffeic acid derivatives: toward an antiviral supplementation diet: F. Bailly & P. Cotelle; Curr. Med. Chem. 12, 1811 (2005) Abstract
 
 
ALX-270-244 Revised 03-Apr-08
Caffeic acid phenylethyl ester
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SYNONYMS CAPE
Phenethyl caffeiate
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents
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ALX-270-244-M010   10 mg 20.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-244-M050   50 mg 60.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C17H16O4
MW: 284.3
CAS NUMBER: 115610-29-2
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic.
PURITY: ≥97% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol, methanol, acetone or acetonitrile; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Stable for at least one year after receipt when stored at –20°C.
HANDLING: Protect from light and moisture.
HAZARD: IRRITANT.

Product Description
Active component of propolis from honeybee hives, known to have anti-mitogenic, anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. Potent and specific inhibitor of NF-κB activation, induced by TNF-α (Prod. No. ALX-522-008 (human) or Prod. No. ALX-522-009 (mouse)), PMA (Prod. No. ALX-445-004) and other inflammatory agents. Exhibits inhibitory activity against HIV-1 integrase (IC50=7µM). Suppresses lipid peroxidation and inhibits ornithine decarboxylase, protein tyrosine kinase and lipoxygenase activities. Induces apoptosis.
Product Specific Literature References
Hydroxylated aromatic inhibitors of HIV-1 integrase: T.R. Burke Jr., et al.; J. Med. Chem. 38, 4171 (1995) Abstract
Apoptosis and altered redox state induced by caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) in transformed rat fibroblast cells: C. Chiao, et al.; Cancer Res. 55, 3576 (1995) Abstract
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester is a potent and specific inhibitor of activation of nuclear transcription factor NF-kappa B: K. Natarajan, et al.; PNAS 93, 9090 (1996) Abstract
Inhibitory effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on the activity and expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in human oral epithelial cells and in a rat model of inflammation: P. Michaluart, et al.; Cancer Res. 59, 2347 (1999) Abstract
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester induces leukocyte apoptosis, modulates nuclear factor-kappa B and suppresses acute inflammation: Z. Orban, et al.; Neuroimmunomodulation 7, 99 (2000) Abstract
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester inhibits T-cell activation by targeting both nuclear factor of activated T-cells and NF-kappaB transcription factors: N. Marquez, et al.; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 308, 993 (2004) Abstract
Caffeic acid derivatives: in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties: F.M. da Cunha, et al.; Free Radic. Res. 38, 1241 (2004) Abstract
Drastic effect of several caffeic acid derivatives on the induction of heme oxygenase-1 expression revealed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR: K. Suzuki, et al.; Biofactors 28, 151 (2006) Abstract
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