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Eicosanoids/Related Products
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ALX-350-310 Revised 03-Apr-08
3-O-Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid
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SYNONYMS AKβBA
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Antitumor Reagents
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ALX-350-310-M005   5 mg 130.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C32H48O5
MW: 512.7
CAS NUMBER: 67416-61-9
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Boswellia serrata.
PURITY: ≥99% (HPLC, NMR)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in acetone, dichloromethane, diethyl ether or DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Stock solutions are stable for up to 3 months when stored at -20°C.
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: MAY BE CARCINOGENIC. HARMFUL.

Product Description
Shows antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities. Potent non-redox, noncompetitive 5-lipoxygenase and topoisomerase I and IIa inhibitor leading to apoptosis. 10-times more potent than 3-O-acetyl-β-boswellic acid (Prod. No. ALX-350-308). Exhibits in vivo efficacy in tumor growth and inhibition.
Product Specific Literature References
Acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid induces apoptosis in HL-60 and CCRF-CEM cells and inhibits topoisomerase I: R.F. Hoernlein, et al.; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 288, 613 (1999) Abstract; Full Text
Boswellic acids activate p42(MAPK) and p38 MAPK and stimulate Ca(2+) mobilization: A. Altmann, et al.; BBRC 290, 185 (2002) Abstract
Coupling of boswellic acid-induced Ca2+ mobilisation and MAPK activation to lipid metabolism and peroxide formation in human leucocytes: A. Altmann, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 141, 223 (2004) Abstract; Full Text
Inhibition of IkappaB kinase activity by acetyl-boswellic acids promotes apoptosis in androgen-independent PC-3 prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo: T. Syrovets, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 280, 6170 (2005) Abstract; Full Text
Boswellic acids: biological actions and molecular targets: D. Poeckel & O. Werz; Curr. Med. Chem. 13, 3359 (2006), Review Abstract
Mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory actions of boswellic acid derivatives in experimental colitis: C. Anthoni, et al.; Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 290, G1131 (2006) Abstract
Potentiation of antinociceptive effect of NSAIDs by a specific lipooxygenase inhibitor, acetyl 11-keto-beta boswellic acid: M. Bishnoi, et al.; Indian J. Exp. Biol. 44, 128 (2006) Abstract
 
 
ALX-270-381 Revised 28-Sep-07
Anacardic acid
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SYNONYMS 2-Hydroxy-6-pentadecylbenzoic acid
6-Pentadecylsalicylic acid
AA
PRODUCT LINE DNA Regulation / Transcription
PRODUCT CATEGORY Histone Acetyl- & Methyl-Transferases/Related Products
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ALX-270-381-M005   5 mg 40.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-381-M025   25 mg 140.00 USD Add To Cart
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Product Specification
FORMULA: C22H36O3
MW: 348.5
MERCK INDEX: 14: 621
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic.
PURITY: ≥95% (1H-NMR)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol, methanol, DMSO, dichloromethane or ethylacetate.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
USE/STABILITY: Stock solutions are stable for up to 3 months when stored at -20°C.
HANDLING: Protect from light. After reconstitution, prepare aliquots and store at -20°C. Packaged under inert gas.

Product Description
Cell permeable salicylic acid analog that acts as a potent, non-competitive inhibitor of p300 and PCAF (p300/CBP-associated factor) histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activities (IC50~8.5µM and ~5µM, respectively). Displays a variety of other biological activities, such as antibacterial, antimicrobial, prostaglandin synthase inhibition, tyrosinase, and lipoxygenase inhibition.
Product Specific Literature References
Anacardic Acid: molluscicide in cashew nut shell liquid: J.T. Sullivan, et al.; Planta Med. 44, 175 (1982) Abstract
Inhibition of lipoxygenase and prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase by anacardic acids: R. Grazzini, et al.; BBRC 176, 775 (1991) Abstract
Antibacterial activity of anacardic acid and totarol, alone and in combination with methicillin, against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: H. Muroi & I. Kubo; J. Appl. Bacteriol. 80, 387 (1996) Abstract
Small molecule modulators of histone acetyltransferase p300: K. Balasubramanyam, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 278, 19134 (2003) Abstract; Full Text
Inhibition of histone acetyltransferase activity by anacardic acid sensitizes tumor cells to ionizing radiation: Y. Sun, et al.; FEBS Lett. 580, 4353 (2006) Abstract
General Literature References
Antibacterial activity of anacardic acid and totarol, alone and in combination with methicillin, against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: H. Muroi and I. Kubo; J. Appl. Bacteriol. 80, 387 (1996) Abstract
Synthesis of sildenafil analogues from anacardic acid and their phosphodiesterase-5 inhibition: R. Paramashivappa, et al.; J. Agric. Food Chem. 50, 7709 (2002) Abstract
 
 
ALX-430-063 Revised 10-Oct-07
Anthralin
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SYNONYMS Dithranol
PRODUCT LINE Inflammation
PRODUCT CATEGORY Leukotrienes Other Products
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ALX-430-063-G001   1 g 25.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C14H10O3
MW: 226.2
CAS NUMBER: 1143-38-0
MERCK INDEX: 14: 684
RTECS: CB8927000
PURITY: ≥97% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: Yellow powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in acetic acid.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: MAY BE MUTAGENIC. IRRITANT.

Product Description
Leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitor. Inhibits LTB4 ω-oxidation.
Product Specific Literature References
Anthralin (1,8-dihydroxyanthrone) is a potent inhibitor of leukotriene production and LTB4-omega oxidation by human neutrophils: J.M. Schröder; J. Invest. Dermatol. 87, 624 (1986) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Carcinogens & Tumor Promoters Other ProductsCancer Other Products
 
 
ALX-340-004 Revised 18-Aug-08
Arachidonic acid
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SYNONYMS 5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-Eicosatetraenoic acid
PRODUCT LINE Inflammation
PRODUCT CATEGORY Arachidonic Acid/Related Products
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ALX-340-004-M100   100 mg 147.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C20H32O2
MW: 304.5
CAS NUMBER: 506-32-1
MERCK INDEX: 14: 765
RTECS: CE6675000
CONCENTRATION: 100mg/ml
PURITY: ≥98%
FORMULATION: Liquid. Solution in ethanol containing 0.1% BHT.
SOLUBILITY: 100mg/ml soluble in DMSO or dimethyl formamide; sparingly soluble in basic aqueous buffers (1.7mg/ml). To prevent oxidation, the solvent should be purged with an inert gas.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Stable for at least 6 months after receipt when stored at -20°C. Keep aqueous solutions on ice and use within 12 hours.
HANDLING: Protect from light and oxygen.
HAZARD: TOXIC.

Product Description
Precursor to a large family of eicosanoids. Activator for several protein kinase C (PKC) isotypes.
Product Specific Literature References
Arachidonic acid metabolism: P. Needleman, et al.; Ann. Rev. Biochem. 55, 69 (1986) Abstract
Kinetic analysis of the Ca2+-dependent, membrane-bound, macrophage phospholipase A2 and the effects of arachidonic acid: M.D. Lister, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 263, 7506 (1988) Abstract; Full Text
Characterization of the L-arginine:nitric oxide pathway in human platelets: M.W. Radomski, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 101, 325 (1990) Abstract
The LDL receptor pathway delivers arachidonic acid for eicosanoid formation in cells stimulated by platelet-derived growth factor: A.J.R. Habenicht, et al.; Nature 345, 634 (1990) Abstract
The control of free arachidonic acid levels: R.D. Burgoyne & A. Morgan; TIBS 15, 365 (1990) Abstract
A unique pool of free arachidonate serves as substrate for both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase in platelets: F. Chevy, et al.; Lipids 26, 1080 (1991) Abstract
Regulation of Ras-GAP and the neurofibromatosis-1 gene product by eicosanoids: J.W. Han, et al.; Science 252, 576 (1991) Abstract
Arachidonic acid as a second messenger. Interactions with a GTP-binding protein of human neutrophils: S.B. Abramson, et al.; J. Immunol. 147, 231 (1991) Abstract
The immediate activator of the NADPH oxidase is arachidonate not phosphorylation: Henderson, et al.; Eur. J. Biochem. 211, 157 (1993) Abstract
Nitric oxide and arachidonic acid modulation of calcium currents in postganglionic neurones of avian cultured ciliary ganglia: G. Khurana & M.R. Bennett; Br. J. Pharmacol. 109, 480 (1993) Abstract
Arachidonic acid-induced Ca2+ release from isolated sarcoplasmic reticulum: C. Dettbarn & P. Palade; Biochem. Pharmacol. 45, 1301 (1993) Abstract
Covalent binding of arachidonate to G protein alpha subunits of human platelets: H. Hallak, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 269, 4713 (1994) Abstract; Full Text
General Information
BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION To change the solvent, evaporate the ethanol under a gentle stream of nitrogen and immediately add the solvent of choice.
Further Categories Containing This Product:
PKC ActivatorsNitric Oxide Pathway Other ProductsFatty Acids
 
 
ALX-300-141 Revised 07-Jul-08
Arachidonoyl Thio-PC
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SYNONYMS 2-Deoxy-2-thioarachidonoylphosphatidylcholine
PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY Phospholipids/Related Products
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ALX-300-141-M005   5 mg 189.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C44H82NO6PS
MW: 784.2
CAS NUMBER: 146797-82-2
PURITY: ≥98%
FORMULATION: Liquid. Solution in ethanol containing 0.1% BHT.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in methanol, DMSO or dimethyl formamide; slightly soluble in water (0.5 mg/ml).
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Stable for at least 1 year after receipt when stored at –20°C.

Product Description
Substrate for all forms of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) including the cytosolic, Ca2+-dependent form (cPLA2). Upon hydrolysis of the thioester bond, free thiols are detected using DTNB (Ellmans reagent) (Prod. No. ALX-400-034). For an assay kit for cPLA2 based on this product see Prod. No. ALX-850-009.
Product Specific Literature References
1-Hexadecyl-2-arachidonoylthio-2-deoxy-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine as a substrate for the microtiterplate assay of human cytosolic phospholipase A2: L.J. Reynolds, et al.; Anal. Biochem. 217, 25 (1994) Abstract
General Information
BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION To change the solvent, evaporate the ethanol under a gentle stream of nitrogen and immediately add the solvent of choice. Addition of Triton X-100 will enhance the solubility significantly. The critical micellar concentration of Arachidonoyl Thio-PC is 2mM in 8mM Hepes (pH 7.4), 150mM NaCl, 10mM CaCl2, 4mM Triton X-100, 30% glycerol and 1mg/ml BSA.
Further Categories Containing This Product:
PLA2 Substrates
 
 
ALX-340-001 Revised 28-Jul-06
Arachidonyl trifluoromethylketone
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SYNONYMS AACOCF3
PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY PLA2 Inhibitors
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ALX-340-001-M005   5 mg 70.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-340-001-M010   10 mg 110.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-340-001-M050   50 mg 390.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C21H31F3O
MW: 356.5
CAS NUMBER: 149301-79-1
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: Clear to yellow oil.
SOLUBILITY: 25mg/ml soluble in 100% ethanol or DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Dissolve in solvent purged with nitrogen or argon. Store under nitrogen or argon in tightly sealed container. Solutions are stable for up to 1 month when stored under nitrogen or argon in tightly sealed container at -80°C.
HANDLING: PROTECT FROM AIR!
HAZARD: TOXIC.

Product Description
Selective inhibitor of both, Ca2+-dependent and Ca2+-independent phospholipase A2 (PLA2), but not secretory PLA2 (sPLA2). Also inhibits fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and anandamide amidase.
Product Specific Literature References
Inhibitors of arachidonoyl ethanolamide hydrolysis: B. Koutek, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 269, 22937 (1994) Abstract; Full Text
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase [FAAH]/Related Products
 
 
ALX-270-047 Revised 26-Sep-07
Aristolochic acid
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SYNONYMS 8-Methoxy-6-nitrophenanthrol(3,4-d)-1,3-dioxide-5-carboxylic acid
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators
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ALX-270-047-M025   25 mg 25.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-047-M100   100 mg 90.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C17H11NO7
MW: 341.3
CAS NUMBER: 313-67-7
MERCK INDEX: 14: 786
RTECS: CF3325000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Aristolochia clematis.
PURITY: ≥97% (~1:1 mixture of aristolochic acids I (A) and II (B))
APPEARANCE: Yellow solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO or 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +20°C
HAZARD: MAY BE CARCINOGENIC. TOXIC. MAY BE MUTAGENIC.

Product Description
Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor active against the enzymes found in many snake venoms as well as those of human platelets and synovial fluids. Inhibits ionophore-stimulated PLA2 activity in human neutrophils. Has been shown to be nephropathic and carcinogenic.
Product Specific Literature References
Characterization of three edema-inducing phospholipase A2 enzymes from habu (Trimeresurus flavoviridis) venom and their interaction with the alkaloid aristolochic acid: B.S. Vishwanath, et al.; Toxicon 25, 501 (1987) Abstract
Interaction of aristolochic acid with Vipera russelli phospholipase A2: its effect on enzymatic and pathological activities: B.S. Vishwanath & T.V. Gowda; Toxicon 25, 929 (1987) Abstract
Interaction of phospholipase A2 from Vipera russelli venom with aristolochic acid: a circular dichroism study: B.S. Vishwanath, et al.; Toxicon 25, 939 (1987) Abstract
Edema-inducing activity of phospholipase A2 purified from human synovial fluid and inhibition by aristolochic acid: B.S. Vishwanath, et al.; Inflammation 12, 549 (1988) Abstract
Effects of aristolochic acid on phospholipase A2 activity and arachidonate metabolism of human neutrophils: M.D. Rosenthal, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1001, 3 (1989) Abstract
Suramin alters phosphoinositide synthesis and inhibits growth factor receptor binding in HT-29 cells: R. Kopp & A. Pfeiffer; Cancer Res. 50, 6490 (1990) Abstract
The effects of the phospholipase A2 inhibitors aristolochic acid and PGBx on A23187-stimulated mobilization of arachidonate in human neutrophils are overcome by diacylglycerol or phorbol ester: M.D. Rosenthal, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1126, 319 (1992) Abstract
Evidence for different mechanisms involved in the formation of lyso platelet-activating factor and the calcium-dependent release of arachidonic acid from human neutrophils: J.D. Winkler, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 44, 2055 (1992) Abstract
Selective inhibition of group II phospholipase A2 by quercetin: M. Lindahl & C. Tagesson; Inflammation 17, 573 (1993) Abstract
Detection of DNA adducts formed by aristolochic acid in renal tissue from patients with Chinese herbs nephropathy: H.H. Schmeiser, et al.; Cancer Res. 56, 2025 (1996) Abstract
Aristolochic acid and ’Chinese herbs nephropathy’: a review of the evidence to date: J.P. Cosyns; Drug Saf. 26, 33 (2003), Review Abstract
Effect of aristolochic acid on intracellular calcium concentration and its links with apoptosis in renal tubular cells: Y.H. Hsin, et al.; Apoptosis 11, 2167 (2006) Abstract
 
 
ALX-430-064 Revised 06-Jul-07
Auranofin
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PRODUCT LINE Inflammation
PRODUCT CATEGORY Lipoxygenases/Related Products
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ALX-430-064-M025   25 mg 35.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-430-064-M100   100 mg 68.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C20H34AuO9PS
MW: 678.5
CAS NUMBER: 34031-32-8
MERCK INDEX: 14: 878
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO or 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +20°C
USE/STABILITY: Solutions are stable for up to 3 months when stored at -20 °C.
HAZARD: TOXIC.

Product Description
Gold derivative in clinical use as an anti-arthritic. Acts as an inhibitor of several leukocyte activation pathways. Inhibits release of inflammatory mediators from human macrophages, pulmonary mast cell and basophils. Also inhibits human neutrophil 5-lipoxygenase. Efficient inducer of mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore in the presence of calcium ions, potentially referable to its inhibition of mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase.
Product Specific Literature References
Antiarthritic gold compounds effectively quench electronically excited singlet oxygen: E.J. Corey, et al.; Science 236, 68 (1987) Abstract
Modulation of mediator release from human basophils and pulmonary mast cells and macrophages by auranofin: M. Columbo, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 39, 285 (1990) Abstract
Auranofin stimulates LTA hydrolase and inhibits 5-lipoxygenase/LTA synthase activity of isolated human neutrophils: W.H. Betts, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 39, 1233 (1990) Abstract
Auranofin inhibits the activation pathways of polymorphonuclear leukocytes at multiple sites: R. Rudkowski, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 41, 1921 (1991) Abstract
Induction of mitochondrial permeability transition by auranofin, a Gold(I)-phosphine derivative: M.P. Rigobello, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 136, 1162 (2002) Abstract
General Literature References
Auranofin: W.F. Kean, et al.; Br. J. Theumatol. 36, 560 (1997), (Review) Abstract; Full Text
 
 
ALX-385-022 Revised 19-Nov-07
Baicalein
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SYNONYMS 5,6,7-Trihydroxyflavone
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Flavonoids/Related Products
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ALX-385-022-M005   5 mg 25.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-385-022-M025   25 mg 100.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C15H10O5
MW: 270.2
CAS NUMBER: 491-67-8
MERCK INDEX: 14: 942
PURITY: ≥97%
APPEARANCE: Yellow to yellow-green crystalline powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol or methanol; almost insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: IRRITANT.

Product Description
Inhibitor of 12-lipoxygenase, leukotriene biosynthesis and the release of lysosomal enzymes. Inhibits cellular Ca2+ uptake and calcium mobilization. Inhibitor of protein tyrosine kinase in leukemia (CEM) cells. Induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Anti-inflammatory compound. Has anti-thrombotic, anti-proliferative and anti-mitogenic effects.
Product Specific Literature References
Specific action of the lipoxygenase pathway in mediating angiotensin II- induced aldosterone synthesis in isolated adrenal glomerulosa cells: J.L. Nadler, et al.; J. Clin. Invest. 80, 1763 (1987) Abstract
Inhibition of reverse transcriptase activity by a flavonoid compound, 5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone: K. Ono, et al.; BBRC 160, 982 (1989) Abstract
Biliary excretion of metabolites of baicalin and baicalein in rats: K. Abe, et al.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38, 209 (1990) Abstract
Effects of baicalein and esculetin on transduction signals and growth factors expression in T-lymphoid leukemia cells: H.C. Huang, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 268, 73 (1994) Abstract
Protective effects of baicalein against cell damage by reactive oxygen species: D. Gao, et al.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. (Tokyo) 46, 1383 (1998) Abstract
Baicalein induces a dual growth arrest by modulating multiple cell cycle regulatory molecules
:
S.L. Hsu, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 425, 165 (2001) Abstract
Mechanisms in mediating the anti-inflammatory effects of baicalin and baicalein in human leukocytes: Y.C. Shen, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 465, 171 (2003) Abstract
Baicalein induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human lung squamous carcinoma CH27 cells: H.Z. Lee, et al.; Anticancer Res. 25, 959 (2005) Abstract
Biological properties of baicalein in cardiovascular system: Y. Huang, et al.; Curr. Drug Targets Cardiovasc. Haematol. Disord. 5, 177 (2005), (Review) Abstract
Baicalein inhibition of hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis via ROS-dependent heme oxygenase 1 gene expression: H.Y. Lin, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1773, 1073 (2007) Abstract
 
 
ALX-270-195 Revised 14-Jan-08
Bromoenol lactone
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