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Inflammation
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ALX-850-305 Revised 06-Nov-06
LBP, Soluble (mouse) Detection Set  [For ELISA Application]
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SYNONYMS Lipopolysaccharide Binding Protein, Soluble (mouse) Detection Set [For ELISA Application]
PRODUCT LINE Inflammation
PRODUCT CATEGORY Lipopolysaccharide Binding Protein [LBP]/Related Products
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-850-305-KI01   1 Set 690.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
QUANTITY: 96 wells (~80 tests)
FORMULATION: All reagents are stabilized with 0.01% thimerosal.
APPLICATION: For the quantitative detection of mouse soluble LBP levels.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
SHORT TERM STORAGE: +4°C
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
General Information
MANUFACTURER Manufactured by Biometec.
Further Categories Containing This Product:
ELISA Sets
 
 
ALX-430-095 Revised 23-Jan-08
Leflunomide
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SYNONYMS HWA486
5-Methylisoxazole-4-(4-trifluoromethylcarboxanilide)
N-(4-Trifluoromethylphenyl)-5-methylisoxazol-4-carboxamide
PRODUCT LINE Immunology
PRODUCT CATEGORY Immunomodulators Other Products
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-430-095-M010   10 mg 15.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-430-095-M050   50 mg 40.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-430-095-G001   1 g 380.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C12H9F3N2O2
MW: 270.2
CAS NUMBER: 75706-12-6
MERCK INDEX: 14: 5432
RTECS: NY2354200
PURITY: ≥99% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO or methanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HANDLING: Keep under inert gas. Protect from light.
HAZARD: HARMFUL.

Product Description
Immunosuppressive drug that inhibits T and B cell responses in vivo. Inhibitor of tyrosine phosphorylation (tyrosine kinase inhibitor), of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, an enzyme for de novo pyrimidine synthesis, of TNF-dependent NF-κB activation, and of COX-2. The physiological activity of leflunomide is attributed mainly to its metabolite A77 1726 (Prod. No. ALX-430-096).
Product Specific Literature References
Immunopharmacological profile of a novel isoxazol derivative, HWA 486, with potential antirheumatic activity-I. Disease modifying action on adjuvant arthritis of the rat: R.R. Bartlett & R. Schleyerbach; Int. J. Immunopharmacol. 7, 7 (1985) Abstract
Leflunomide (HWA 486), a novel immunomodulating compound for the treatment of autoimmune disorders and reactions leading to transplantation rejection: R.R. Bartlett, et al.; Agents Actions 32, 10 (1991) Abstract
Inhibition of the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase activity by leflunomide: T. Mattar, et al.; FEBS Lett. 334, 161 (1993) Abstract
Inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphorylation in T cells by a novel immunosuppressive agent, leflunomide: X. Xu, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 270, 12398 (1995) Abstract; Full Text
Molecular mechanisms of action of new xenobiotic immunosuppressive drugs: tacrolimus (FK506), sirolimus (rapamycin), mycophenolate mofetil and leflunomide: T.R. Brazelton & R.E. Morris; Curr. Opin. Immunol. 8, 710 (1996) Abstract
The immunosuppressive metabolite of leflunomide is a potent inhibitor of human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase: J.P. Davis, et al.; Biochemistry 35, 1270 (1996) Abstract
Regulation of B cell function by the immunosuppressive agent leflunomide: K.F. Siemasko, et al.; Transplantation 61, 635 (1996) Abstract
Two activities of the immunosuppressive metabolite of leflunomide, A77 1726. Inhibition of pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis and protein tyrosine phosphorylation: X. Xu, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 52, 527 (1996) Abstract
Potencies of leflunomide and HR325 as inhibitors of prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase-1 and -2: comparison with nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory drugs: A.P. Curnock, et al.; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 282, 339 (1997) Abstract
In vivo mechanism by which leflunomide controls lymphoproliferative and autoimmune disease in MRL/MpJ-lpr/lpr mice: X. Xu, et al.; J. Immunol. 159, 167 (1997) Abstract
Leflunomide, a novel immunomodulating agent, prevents the development of allergic sensitization in an animal model of allergic asthma: E. Eber, et al.; Clin. Exp. Allergy 28, 376 (1998) Abstract
Species-related inhibition of human and rat dihydroorotate dehydrogenase by immunosuppressive isoxazol and cinchoninic acid derivatives: W. Knecht & M. Löffler; Biochem. Pharmacol. 56, 1259 (1998) Abstract
Inhibition of JAK3 and STAT6 tyrosine phosphorylation by the immunosuppressive drug leflunomide leads to a block in IgG1 production: K.F. Siemasko, et al.; J. Immunol. 160, 1581 (1998) Abstract
In vivo activity of leflunomide: pharmacokinetic analyses and mechanism of immunosuppression: A.S. Chong, et al.; Transplantation 68, 100 (1999) Abstract
Immunosuppressive leflunomide metabolite (A77 1726) blocks TNF- dependent nuclear factor-kappa B activation and gene expression: S.K. Manna and B.B. Aggarwal; J. Immunol. 162, 2095 (1999) Abstract
A771726, the active metabolite of leflunomide, directly inhibits the activity of cyclo-oxygenase-2 in vitro and in vivo in a substrate- sensitive manner: L.C. Hamilton, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 127, 1589 (1999) Abstract
Leflunomide: mode of action in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: F.C. Breedveld & J.M. Dayer; Ann. Rheum. Dis. 59, 841 (2000) Abstract
General Literature References
Leflunomide, a novel immunomodulator for the treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis: M.M. Goldenberg; Clin. Ther. 21, 1837 (1999), (Review) Abstract
Leflunomide, mycophenolic acid and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors: D.E. Furst; Rheumatology (Oxford) 38 Suppl 2, 14 (1999), (Review) Abstract
Leflunomide and methotrexate: R.F. Laan, et al.; Curr. Opin. Rheumatol. 13, 159 (2001), (Review) Abstract
Experiences with leflunomide in solid organ transplantation: J.W. Williams, et al.; Transplantation 73, 358 (2002), (Review) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
COX Inhibitors • NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors • Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
 
 
ALX-340-038 Revised 08-Jul-08
Leukotriene B4
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SYNONYMS LTB4
5,12-Dihydroxy-[S-[R*,S*-(E,Z,Z,E)]]-6,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid
PRODUCT LINE Inflammation
PRODUCT CATEGORY Leukotrienes
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ALX-340-038-C025   25 µg 170.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C20H32O4
MW: 336.5
CAS NUMBER: 71160-24-2
MERCK INDEX: 14: 5455
PURITY: ≥97%
FORMULATION: Liquid. Solution in ethanol.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO or dimethyl formamide; slightly soluble in PBS, pH 7.2 (1mg/ml). Solvents should be free of oxygen, transition metal ions, and redox active compounds.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Stable for at least 1 year after receipt when stored at -20°C. We do not recommend storing aqueous solutions for more than one day.
HANDLING: Protect from light and oxygen.

Product Description
Activator of PPARα. Stimulates a number of leukocyte functions, including aggregation, stimulation of ion fluxes, enhancement of lysosomal enzyme release, superoxide anion production, chemotaxis, and chemokinesis.
Product Specific Literature References
Leukotriene B4 and inflammatory disease: R.M. McMillan & S.J. Foster; Agents Actions 24, 114 (1988) Abstract
The PPARalpha-leukotriene B4 pathway to inflammation control: P.R. Devchand, et al.; Nature 384, 39 (1996) Abstract
Leukotriene B4: S.W. Crooks & R.A. Stockley; Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 30, 173 (1998), (Review) Abstract
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) ligand WY 14,643 does not interfere with leukotriene B4 induced adhesion of neutrophils to endothelial cells: M. Heimbürger & J. Palmblad; BBRC 249, 371 (1998) Abstract
Ligand selectivity of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha: Q. Lin, et al.; Biochemistry 38, 185 (1999) Abstract
General Information
BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION To change the solvent, evaporate the ethanol under a gentle stream of nitrogen and immediately add the solvent of choice.
Further Categories Containing This Product:
PPAR Agonists
 
 
ALX-340-043 Revised 08-Jul-08
Leukotriene C4
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SYNONYMS LTC4
5S-Hydroxy-6R-(S-glutathionyl)-7E,9E,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoic acid
PRODUCT LINE Inflammation
PRODUCT CATEGORY Leukotrienes
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-340-043-C025   25 µg 157.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-340-043-C050   50 µg 298.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-340-043-C100   100 µg 563.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C30H47N3O9S
MW: 625.8
CAS NUMBER: 72025-60-6
MERCK INDEX: 14: 5455
PURITY: ≥97%
FORMULATION: Liquid. Solution in ethanol:water (95:5).
SOLUBILITY: 50mg/ml soluble in DMSO or dimethyl formamide; slightly soluble in PBS, pH 7.2 (100µg/ml).
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON DRY ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -80°C
USE/STABILITY: Stable for at least 1 year after receipt when stored at -80°C. We do not recommend storing aqueous solutions for more than one day.

General Information
BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION To change the solvent, evaporate the ethanol:water (95:5) under a gentle stream of nitrogen and immediately add the solvent of choice.
 
 
ALX-581-200 Revised 26-Apr-07
Lipid A from E. coli, Serotype R515 (Re) (TLRgrade™) (liquid)
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PRODUCT LINE Inflammation
PRODUCT CATEGORY Lipopolysaccharides [LPS]/Related Products
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ALX-581-200-L002   2 ml 320.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from E. coli R515 (Re mutant). Prepared by mild acid hydrolysis from purified Escherichia coli R515 (Re) LPS (isolated by a modification of the PCP extraction method [1,2]), converted to the uniform salt form [3] and dissolved in sterile pyrogen-free double distilled water.
CONCENTRATION: 1mg/ml
PURITY: ≥99.9% (regarding protein or DNA contaminants; KDO not detectable)
FORMULATION: Liquid. Sterile, ready-to-use solution in pyrogen-free double distilled water.
ACTIVITY: Activates Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4. Does not activate TLR2 or other TLRs as determined with splenocytes and macrophages from TLR4 deficient mice.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HANDLING: Keep sterile.
HAZARD: HARMFUL. HIGHLY PYROGENIC.
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Product Specific Literature References
[1] A new method for the extraction of R lipopolysaccharides  : C. Galanos, et al.; Eur. J. Biochem. 9, 245 (1969) Abstract
[2] Isolation and purification of R-form lipopolysaccharides  : C. Galanos & O. Luderitz; Methods in Carbohydrate Chem. 9, 11 (1993)
[3] Electrodialysis of lipopolysaccharides and their conversion to uniform salt forms  : C. Galanos & O. Luderitz; Eur. J. Biochem. 54, 603 (1975) Abstract
[4] R-form LPS, the master key to the activation ofTLR4/MD-2-positive cells: M. Huber, et al.; Eur. J. Immunol. 36, 701 (2006) Abstract
 
 
ALX-581-201 Revised 26-Apr-07
Lipid A from Salmonella minnesota R595 (Re) (TLRgrade™) (liquid)
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PRODUCT LINE Inflammation
PRODUCT CATEGORY Lipopolysaccharides [LPS]/Related Products
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ALX-581-201-L002   2 ml 320.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Salmonella minnesota R595 (Re mutant). Prepared by mild acid hydrolysis from purified Salmonella minnesota R595 (Re) LPS (isolated by a modification of the PCP extraction method [1,2]), converted to the uniform salt form [3] and dissolved in sterile pyrogen-free double distilled water.
CONCENTRATION: 1mg/ml
PURITY: ≥99.9% (regarding protein or DNA contaminants; KDO not detectable)
FORMULATION: Liquid. Sterile, ready-to-use solution in pyrogen-free double distilled water.
ACTIVITY: Activates Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4. Does not activate TLR2 as determined with splenocytes and macrophages from TLR4 deficient mice.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HANDLING: Keep sterile.
HAZARD: HARMFUL. HIGHLY PYROGENIC.
Product Specific Literature References
[1] A new method for the extraction of R lipopolysaccharides : C. Galanos, et al.; Eur. J. Biochem. 9, 245 (1969) Abstract
[2] Isolation and purification of R-form lipopolysaccharides  : C. Galanos & O. Luderitz; Methods in Carbohydrate Chem. 9, 11 (1993)
[3] Electrodialysis of lipopolysaccharides and their conversion to uniform salt forms  : C. Galanos & O. Luderitz; Eur. J. Biochem. 54, 603 (1975) Abstract
[4] CD14 is required for MyD88-independent LPS signaling: Z. Jiang, et al.; Nat. Immunol. 6, 565 (2005) Abstract
[5] IL-12 family members: differential kinetics of their TLR4-mediated induction by Salmonella Enteritidis and the impact of IL-10 in bone marrow-derived macrophages: N. Schuetze, et al.; Int. Immunol. 17, 649 (2005) Abstract
 
 
ALX-430-103 Revised 14-Mar-05
Lovastatin
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SYNONYMS Mevinolin
6-α-Methylcompactin
PRODUCT LINE Obesity & Adipokines
PRODUCT CATEGORY Statins/Related Products
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ALX-430-103-M050   50 mg 60.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C24H36O5
MW: 404.5
CAS NUMBER: 75330-75-5
MERCK INDEX: 14: 5586
PURITY: ≥98%
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO, chloroform or acetone; sparingly soluble in acetonitrile, methanol or 100 % ethanol; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +20°C
Product Description
Inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. Induces apoptosis in cancer cells.
Product Specific Literature References
Statins as a newly recognized type of immunomodulator: B. Kwak, et al.; Nat. Med. 6, 1399 (2000) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors Other Products • Ubiquitination Other Products
 
 
ALX-480-097 Revised 02-Mar-07
Loxoribine
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SYNONYMS 7-Allyl-8-oxoguanosine
RWJ 21757
PRODUCT LINE Inflammation
PRODUCT CATEGORY TLR Agonists Other Products
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-480-097-M025   25 mg 120.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-480-097-M100   100 mg 360.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C13H17N5O6
MW: 339.3
CAS NUMBER: 121288-39-9
PURITY: ≥97% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO (30mg/ml), water (10mg/ml), water:acetonitrile (1:1) (20mg/ml) or water:methanol (1:1) (10mg/ml).
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C

Product Description
Selective ligand for Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) via IFN. Activates natural killer cells and primes cytolytic precursor cells for activation by IL-2.
Product Specific Literature References
Loxoribine (7-allyl-8-oxoguanosine) activates natural killer cells and primes cytolytic precursor cells for activation by IL-2: B.L. Pope, et al.; J. Immunol. 151, 3007 (1993) Abstract
Loxoribine induces chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells to traverse the cell cycle: M.G. Goodman, et al.; Blood 84, 3457 (1994) Abstract; Full Text
Three NF-kappa B binding sites in the human E-selectin gene required for maximal tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced expression: U. Schindler and V.R. Baichwal; Mol. Cell. Biol. 14, 5820 (1994) Abstract; Full Text
The immunostimulatory compound 7-allyl-8-oxoguanosine (loxoribine) induces a distinct subset of murine cytokines: B.L. Pope, et al.; Cell. Immunol. 162, 333 (1995) Abstract
Molecular basis for the immunostimulatory activity of guanine nucleoside analogs: activation of Toll-like receptor 7: J. Lee, et al.; PNAS 100, 6646 (2003) Abstract; Full Text
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells control TLR7 sensitivity of naive B cells via type I IFN: I.B. Bekeredjian-Ding, et al.; J. Immunol. 174, 4043 (2005) Abstract; Full Text
 
 
ALX-581-002 Revised 14-Feb-07
LPS from E. coli, Serotype O111:B4 - Replaced by Prod. No. ALX-581-012
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PRODUCT LINE Inflammation
PRODUCT CATEGORY Lipopolysaccharides [LPS]/Related Products
Ordering Information
not sold in USA
Related Products
 
 
ALX-581-012 Revised 26-Apr-07
LPS from E. coli, Serotype O111:B4 (TLRgrade™) (liquid)
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SYNONYMS Lipopolysaccharide from E. coli, Serotype O111:B4 S-form (TLRgrade™) (liquid)
PRODUCT LINE Inflammation
PRODUCT CATEGORY Lipopolysaccharides [LPS]/Related Products
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-581-012-L002   2 ml 155.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
RTECS: OJ0895400
SOURCE/HOST: Smooth (S)-form LPS isolated and purified from E. coli O111:B4 by a modification of the phenol water extraction and PCP extraction method [1,2], converted to the uniform sodium salt form [3] and dissolved in sterile pyrogen-free double distilled water.
CONCENTRATION: 1mg/ml
PURITY: Absence of detectable protein or DNA contaminants with agonistic TLR activity.
FORMULATION: Liquid. Sterile, ready-to-use solution in pyrogen-free double distilled water.
ACTIVITY: Specific activator of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4. Does not activate TLR2 or other TLRs as determined with splenocytes and macrophages from TLR4 deficient mice.
Smooth (S)-form LPS are commonly the preferred choice for whole animal studies, whereas Rough (R)-form LPS are primarily used in cellular in vitro activation studies.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
USE/STABILITY: Stable for at least 1 year after receipt when stored at +4°C.
HANDLING: Use must be restricted to qualified personnel. Do not ingest. Wear gloves and mask when handling this product! Avoid contact through all modes of exposure. LPS compounds are highly pyrogenic. Avoid accidental injection; extreme care should be taken when handling in conjunction with hypodermic syringes. Avoid inhalation of LPS and prevent these compounds from entering the bloodstream. Keep sterile.
HAZARD: HARMFUL. HIGHLY PYROGENIC.
Product Images
Please click on thumbnails to enlarge.
Product Specific Literature References
[1] A new method for the extraction of R lipopolysaccharides: C. Galanos, et al.; Eur. J. Biochem. 9, 245 (1969) Abstract
[2] Isolation and purification of R-form lipopolysaccharides: C. Galanos & O. Luderitz; Meth. Carbohydrate Chem. 9, 11 (1993)
[3] Electrodialysis of lipopolysaccharides and their conversion to uniform salt forms: C. Galanos & O. Luderitz; Eur. J. Biochem. 54, 603 (1975)