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Neurotoxins
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ALX-550-232 Revised 13-May-08
Aconitine
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SYNONYMS (1α,3α,6α,14α,15α,16β)-20-Ethyl-1,6,16-trimethoxy-4-(methoxymethyl)aconitane-3,8,13,14,15-pentol 8-acetate 14-benzoate
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Neurotoxins
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ALX-550-232-M025   25 mg 45.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C34H47NO11
MW: 645.7
CAS NUMBER: 302-27-2
MERCK INDEX: 14: 118
RTECS: AR5960000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Aconitum karacolium.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol (35mg/ml); almost insoluble in water (0.3mg/ml).
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: VERY TOXIC.

Product Description
A lipid-soluble neurotoxin that acts as a sodium channel modulator. Blocks tetrodotoxin-sensitive Na+ channels. Potent neurotoxin.
Product Specific Literature References
Non-quantal acetylcholine release at mouse neuromuscular junction: effects of elevated quantal release and aconitine: S.P. Yu & W. Van der Kloot; Neurosci. Lett. 117, 111 (1990) Abstract
Synthesis and activity of a potent N-methyl-D-aspartic acid agonist, trans-1-aminocyclobutane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid, and related phosphonic and carboxylic acids: M. Muroi, et al.; Neuropharmacology 29, 567 (1990) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Alkaloids • Na+ Channels
 
 
ALX-630-001 Revised 28-May-08
ω-Agatoxin IVA
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Neurotoxins
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ALX-630-001-C100   100 µg 580.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: H-Lys-Lys-Lys-Cys-Ile-Ala-Lys-Asp-Tyr-Gly-Arg-Cys-Lys-Trp-Gly-Gly-Thr-Pro-Cys-Cys-Arg-Gly-Arg-Gly-Cys-Ile-Cys-Ser-Ile-Met-Gly-Thr-Asn-Cys-Glu-Cys-Lys-Pro-Arg-Leu-Ile-Met-Glu-Gly-Leu-Gly-Leu-Ala-OH
(Disulfide bonds between Cys4-Cys20, Cys12-Cys25, Cys19-Cys36 and Cys27-Cys34)
FORMULA: C217H360N68O60S10
MW: 5202.3
CAS NUMBER: 145017-83-0
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic. Originally isolated from Agelenopsis aperta.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: Lyophilized.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: POTENT NEUROTOXIN.
Product Description
Selective P-type Ca2+ channel blocker.
Product Specific Literature References
P-type calcium channels blocked by the spider toxin omega-Aga-IVA: I.M. Mintz, et al.; Nature 355, 827 (1992) Abstract
Calcium channels coupled to glutamate release identified by omega-Aga- IVA: T.J. Turner, et al.; Science 258, 310 (1992) Abstract
Synthesis of omega-agatoxin IVA and its related peptides: H. Nishio, et al.; BBRC 196, 1447 (1993) Abstract
Interactions of polyamines with neuronal ion channels: R.H. Scott, et al.; TINS 16, 153 (1993), (Review) Abstract
Different types of calcium channels mediate central synaptic transmission: T. Takahashi & A. Momiyama; Nature 366, 156 (1993) Abstract
Sequential assignment and structure determination of spider toxin omega- Aga-IVB: H. Yu, et al.; Biochemistry 32, 13123 (1993) Abstract
Calcium channel diversity and neurotransmitter release: the omega-conotoxins and omega-agatoxins: B.M. Olivera, et al.; Ann. Rev. Biochem. 63, 823 (1994) Abstract
Exocytotic Ca2+ channels in mammalian central neurons: K. Dunlap, et al.; TINS 18, 89 (1995), (Review) Abstract
P/Q-type Ca2+ channel blocker omega-agatoxin IVA protects against brain injury after focal ischemia in rats: K. Asakura, et al.; Brain Res. 776, 140 (1997) Abstract
Agatoxin-IVA-sensitive calcium channels mediate the presynaptic and postsynaptic nicotinic activation of cardiac vagal neurons: J. Wang, et al.; J. Neurophysiol. 85, 164 (2001) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Ca2+ Channels (P/Q-type)
 
 
ALX-630-075 Revised 31-Oct-07
α-Bungarotoxin
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SYNONYMS α-BuTx
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Neurotoxins
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ALX-630-075-M001   1 mg 65.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: H-Ile-Val-Cys-His-Thr-Thr-Ala-Thr-Ser-Pro-Ile-Ser-Ala-Val-Thr-Cys-Pro-Pro-Gly-Glu-Asn-Leu-Cys-Tyr-Arg-Lys-Met-Trp-Cys-Asp-Ala-Phe-Cys-Ser-Ser-Arg-Gly-Lys-Val-Val-Glu-Leu-Gly-Cys-Ala-Ala-Thr-Cys-Pro-Ser-Lys-Lys-Pro-Tyr-Glu-Glu-Val-Thr-Cys-Cys-Ser-Thr-Asp-Lys-Cys-Asn-Pro-His-Pro-Lys-Gln-Arg-Pro-Gly-OH
(Disulfide bonds between Cys3-Cys23, Cys16-Cys44, Cys29-Cys33, Cys48-Cys59 and Cys60-Cys65)
MW: 7984.2
CAS NUMBER: 11032-79-4
MERCK INDEX: 14: 1488
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Bungarus multicinctus.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: Lyophilized powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water or aqueous buffers.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: POTENT NEUROTOXIN.
Product Description
Post-synaptic neurotoxin that binds irreversibly to acetylcholine receptor sites, producing neuromuscular blockade and skeletal muscle paralysis. Prevents opening of nicotinic receptor-associated ion channels.
Product Specific Literature References
Use of a snake venom toxin to characterize the cholinergic receptor protein: J.P. Changeux, et al.; PNAS 67, 1241 (1970) Abstract
Amino acid sequence of alpha-bungarotoxin from the venom of Bungarus multicinctus: D. Mebs, et al.; BBRC 44, 711 (1971) Abstract
Elapid neurotoxins. Purification, characterization, and immunochemical studies of alpha-bungarotoxin: D.G. Clark, et al.; Biochemistry 11, 1663 (1972) Abstract
Purification, properties and amino acid sequence of alpha-bungarotoxin from the venom of Bungarus multicinctus: D. Mebs, et al.; Hoppe Seylers Z. Physiol. Chem. 353, 243 (1972) Abstract
alpha-Bungarotoxin binding sites in the CNS: B.J. Morley, et al.; Life Sci. 24, 859 (1979) Abstract
Alpha-bungarotoxin binding and central nervous system nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: R.E. Oswald & J.A. Freeman; Neuroscience 6, 1 (1981) Abstract
Determination of the primary amino acid sequence specifying the alpha-bungarotoxin binding site on the alpha subunit of the acetylcholine receptor from Torpedo californica: P.T. Wilson, et al.; PNAS 82, 8790 (1985) Abstract
The crystal structure of alpha-bungarotoxin at 2.5 A resolution: relation to solution structure and binding to acetylcholine receptor: R.A. Love & R.M. Stroud; Protein Eng. 1, 37 (1986) Abstract
Neuronal nicotinic alpha-bungarotoxin sites: M. Quik & S. Geertsen; Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 66, 971 (1988) Abstract
The fall and rise of neuronal alpha-bungarotoxin binding proteins: P.B. Clarke; TIPS 13, 407 (1992), (Review) Abstract
Three subtypes of alpha-bungarotoxin-sensitive nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are expressed in chick retina: K.T. Keyser, et al.; J. Neurosci. 13, 442 (1993) Abstract
Neuronal acetylcholine receptors that bind alpha-bungarotoxin mediate neurite retraction in a calcium-dependent manner: P.C. Pugh and D.K. Berg; J. Neurosci. 14, 889 (1994) Abstract
The alpha-bungarotoxin binding site on the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor: analysis using a phage-epitope library: M. Balass, et al.; PNAS 94, 6054 (1997) Abstract
Nicotine blocks TNF-alpha-mediated neuroprotection to NMDA by an alpha-bungarotoxin-sensitive pathway: N.G. Carlson, et al.; J. Neurobiol. 35, 29 (1998) Abstract
Alpha-Bungarotoxin binding to human muscle acetylcholine receptor measurement of affinity, delineation of AChR subunit residues crucial to binding, and protection of AChR function by synthetic peptide: A. Vincent, et al.; Neurochem. Int. 32, 427 (1998) Abstract
Alpha-bungarotoxin binding to acetylcholine receptor membranes studied by low angle X-ray diffraction: H.S. Young, et al.; Biophys. J. 83, 943 (2003) Abstract
Imaging of receptor trafficking by using alpha-bungarotoxin-binding-site-tagged receptors: Y. Sekine-Aizawa & R. L. Huganir; PNAS 101, 17114 (2004) Abstract
The cholinergic antagonist alpha-bungarotoxin also binds and blocks a subset of GABA receptors: C.M. McCann, et al.; PNAS 103, 5149 (2006) Abstract
MD and NMR studies of alpha-bungarotoxin surface accessibility: V. Venditti, et al.; Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun . 356, 114 (2007) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Acetylcholine Receptors (Nicotinic)/Related Products
 
 
ALX-630-050 Revised 31-Oct-07
β-Bungarotoxin
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SYNONYMS β-BuTx
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Neurotoxins
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ALX-630-050-M001   1 mg 60.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
MW: 6979.0
CAS NUMBER: 12778-32-4
MERCK INDEX: 14: 1488
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Bungarus multicinctus.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: Lyophilized powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water or aqueous buffers.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: POTENT NEUROTOXIN.
Product Description
Presynaptic, neurotoxic phospholipase A2 activity.
Product Specific Literature References
Use of a snake venom toxin to characterize the cholinergic receptor protein: J.P. Changeux, et al.; PNAS 67, 1241 (1970) Abstract
Amino acid sequence of alpha-bungarotoxin from the venom of Bungarus multicinctus: D. Mebs, et al; BBRC 44, 711 (1971) Abstract
Alpha-bungarotoxin binding and central nervous system nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: R.E. Oswald; Neuroscience 6, 1 (1981) Abstract
Amino acid sequence of beta 2-bungarotoxin from Bungarus multicinctus venom. The amino acid substitutions in the B chains: K. Kondo, et al.; J. Biochem. 91, 1519 (1982) Abstract
Amino acid sequences of three beta-bungarotoxins (beta 3-, beta 4-, and beta 5- bungarotoxins) from Bungarus multicinctus venom. Amino acid substitutions in the A chains: K. Kondo; J. Biochem. 91, 1531 (1982) Abstract
Biochemical and electrophysiological demonstrations of the actions of beta-bungarotoxin on synapses in brain: J.V. Halliwell; J. Neurochem. 39, 543 (1982) Abstract
Solubilization and characterization of the beta-bungarotoxin-binding protein of chick brain membranes: H. Rehm & H. Betz; J. Biol. Chem. 259, 6865 (1984) Abstract; Full Text
Beta-bungarotoxin inhibits a non-inactivating potassium current in guinea pig dorsal root ganglion neurones: M. Petersen, et al.; Neurosci. Lett. 68, 141 (1986) Abstract
Cross-linking of beta-bungarotoxin to chick brain membranes. Identification of subunits of a putative voltage-gated K+ channel: R.R. Schmidt & H. Betz; Biochemistry 28, 8346 (1989) Abstract
Nucleotide sequence encoding beta-bungarotoxin A2-chain from the venom glands of Bungarus multicinctus: J.M. Danse, et al.; Nucl. Acids Res. 18, 4609 (1990) Abstract
Potassium channel toxins: P.N. Strong; Pharmacol. Ther. 46, 137 (1990), (Review) Abstract
Mechanism of action of beta-bungarotoxin, a presynaptically acting phospholipase A2 neurotoxin: its effect on protein phosphorylation in rat brain synaptosomes: E. Ueno & P. Rosenberg; Toxicon 34, 1219 (1996) Abstract
What does beta-bungarotoxin do at the neuromuscular junction?: E.G. Rowan; Toxicon 39, 107 (2001), (Review) Abstract
Induction by beta-bungarotoxin of apoptosis in cultured hippocampal neurons is mediated by Ca(2+)-dependent formation of reactive oxygen species: O. Shakhman, et al.; J. Neurochem. 87, 598 (2003) Abstract
Phospholipase A(2) activity of beta-bungarotoxin is essential for induction of cytotoxicity on cerebellar granule neurons: Y.J. Chen; J. Neurobiol. 64, 213 (2005) Abstract
Mechanism of beta-bungarotoxin in facilitating spontaneous transmitter release at neuromuscular synapse: J.C. Liou, et al.; Neuropharmacology 51, 671 (2006) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
K+ Channel Blockers & Inhibitors • PLA2
 
 
ALX-550-066 Revised 03-Apr-08
(E)-Capsaicin
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SYNONYMS (E)-N-([4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl]methyl)-8-methyl-6-nonenamide
trans-8-Methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Neurotoxins
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ALX-550-066-M100   100 mg 48.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C18H27NO3
MW: 305.4
CAS NUMBER: 404-86-4
MERCK INDEX: 14: 1768
RTECS: RA8530000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Capsicum fruit.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol, methanol or chloroform; sparingly soluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HAZARD: POTENT NEUROTOXIN. IRRITANT.

Product Description
Constituent of cayenne pepper. Powerful excitant of peripheral sensory nerve endings, specifically unmyelinated afferent neurons (C-fibers). Elicits pain by activating TRPV1. Chemoprotective against some chemical carcinogens and mutagens. Reversibly inhibits aggregation of platelets.
Product Specific Literature References
Capsaicin: identification, nomenclature, and pharmacotherapy: G.A. Cordell & O.E. Araujo; Ann. Pharmacother. 27, 330 (1993), (Review) Abstract
Capsaicin, a double-edged sword: toxicity, metabolism, and chemopreventive potential: Y. J. Surh & S. S. Lee; Life Sci. 56, 1845 (1995), (Review) Abstract
Topical capsaicin. A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic potential in post-herpetic neuralgia, diabetic neuropathy and osteoarthritis: C. Rains & H. M. Bryson; Drugs Aging 7, 317 (1995), (Review) Abstract
Peppers and pain. The promise of capsaicin: B. M. Fusco & M. Giacovazzo; Drugs 53, 909 (1997), (Review) Abstract
Capsaicin sensitive-sensory nerves and blood pressure regulation: P. Vaishnava & D.H. Wang; Curr. Med. Chem. Cardiovasc. Hematol. Agents 1, 177 (2003), (Review) Abstract
Forty years in capsaicin research for sensory pharmacology and physiology: J. Szolcsanyi; Neuropeptides 38, 377 (2004), (Review) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
TRPV1 Agonists and Antagonists/Related Products • Natural Products for Neurological Research • Alkaloids • Active Substances from Fruit and Vegetables
 
 
ALX-350-052 Revised 21-May-08
Dihydrocapsaicin
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SYNONYMS 8-Methyl-N-vanillylnonanamide
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Neurotoxins
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ALX-350-052-M010   10 mg 28.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-052-M050   50 mg 70.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C18H29NO3
MW: 307.4
CAS NUMBER: 19408-84-5
RTECS: RA5998000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Capsicum fruit.
PURITY: ≥85%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in chloroform, DMSO or 100% ethanol; sparingly soluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HAZARD: IRRITANT. POTENT NEUROTOXIN.

Product Description
Dihydro-analog and congener of capsaicin (Prod. No. ALX-550-066) in chili peppers (Capsicum). Like capsaicin it is irritant. Dihydrocapsaicin accounts for about 22% of the total capsaicinoids mixture and has about the same pungency as capsaicin. Antioxidant. Reduces oxidation of serum lipids. Mutagenic.
Product Specific Literature References
The mutagenicity of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin in V79 cells: T. Lawson & P. Gannett; Cancer Lett. 48, 109 (1989) Abstract
Dihydrocapsaicin treatment depletes peptidergic nerve fibers of substance P and alters mast cell density in the respiratory tract of neonatal sheep: R. Ramirez-Romero, et al.; Regul. Pept. 91, 97 (2000) Abstract
Oxidative DNA damage by capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin in the presence of Cu(II): S. Singh, et al.; Cancer Lett. 169, 139 (2001) Abstract
Determination of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin in capsicum fruits by liquid chromatography-electrospray/time-of-flight mass spectrometry: A. Garces-Claver, et al.; J. Agric. Food Chem. 54, 9303 (2006) Abstract
Effects of capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, and curcumin on copper-induced oxidation of human serum lipids: K.D. Ahuja, et al.; J. Agric. Food Chem. 54, 6436 (2006) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
TRPV1 Agonists and Antagonists/Related Products • Alkaloids • Active Substances from Fruit and Vegetables • Natural Products - Antioxidants • Natural Products for Neurological Research
 
 
ALX-550-145 Revised 08-Feb-08
Capsazepine
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SYNONYMS N-[2-(4-Chlorophenyl)ethyl]-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-2H-2-benzazepine-2-carbothioamide
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Neurotoxins
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ALX-550-145-M005   5 mg 60.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-550-145-M025   25 mg 240.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C19H21ClN2O2S
MW: 376.9
CAS NUMBER: 138977-28-3
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in methanol or DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C

Product Description
Analog of capsaicin (Prod. No. ALX-550-066) that acts as a capsaicin antagonist. Increases intracellular Ca2+ levels.
Product Specific Literature References
Capsazepine, a novel capsaicin antagonist, selectively antagonises the effects of capsaicin in the mouse spinal cord in vitro: L. Urban & A. Dray; Neurosci. Lett. 134, 9 (1991) Abstract
Capsazepine: a competitive antagonist of the sensory neurone excitant capsaicin: S. Bevan, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 107, 544 (1992) Abstract
A comparison of capsazepine and ruthenium red as capsaicin antagonists in the rat isolated urinary bladder and vas deferens: C.A. Maggi, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 108, 801 (1993) Abstract
Inhibition by capsazepine of resiniferatoxin- and capsaicin-induced contractions of guinea pig trachea: J.L. Ellis & B.J. Undem; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 268, 85 (1994) Abstract
The discovery of capsazepine, the first competitive antagonist of the sensory neuron excitants capsaicin and resiniferatoxin: C.S. Walpole, et al.; J. Med. Chem. 37, 1942 (1994) Abstract
Capsazepine protects against neuronal injury caused by oxygen glucose deprivation by inhibiting I(h): A.M. Ray, et al.; J. Neurosci. 23, 10146 (2003) Abstract
Characterization of the human HCN1 channel and its inhibition by capsazepine: C.H. Gill, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 143, 411 (2004) Abstract
Capsazepine is a novel activator of the delta subunit of the human epithelial Na+ channel: H. Yamamura, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 279, 44483 (2004) Abstract
Effect of capsazepine on cytosolic Ca(2+) levels and proliferation of human prostate cancer cells: J.K. Huang, et al.; Toxicol. In Vitro 20, 567 (2006) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
TRPV1 Agonists and Antagonists/Related Products
 
 
ALX-630-059 Revised 15-Jul-08
Charybdotoxin
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SYNONYMS ChTx
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Neurotoxins
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ALX-630-059-C100   100 µg 490.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: Pyr-Phe-Thr-Asn-Val-Ser-Cys-Thr-Thr-Ser-Lys-Glu-Cys-Trp-Ser-Val-Cys-Gln-Arg-Leu-His-Asn-Thr-Ser-Arg-Gly-Lys-Cys-Met-Asn-Lys-Lys-Cys-Arg-Cys-Tyr-Ser-OH
(Disulfide bonds between Cys7-Cys28, Cys13-Cys33 and Cys17-Cys35)
FORMULA: C176H277N57O55S7
MW: 4295.9
CAS NUMBER: 95751-30-7
MERCK INDEX: 14: 2046
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic.
FORMULATION: Lyophilized.
RECONSTITUTION: Do not remove cap. Inject distilled water into the vial using a calibrated syringe. Dissolve all contents thoroughly to receive a 0.1mM solution. Prepare aliquots (100–200µl) and store at -20°C. The aqueous solution should be used within a few weeks.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
Product Description
Highly potent blocker of a variety of Ca2+-activated K+-channels in a wide range of cell types. Acts in nanomolar concentration and does not affect apamin-sensitive channels.
Product Specific Literature References
Charybdotoxin, a protein inhibitor of single Ca2+-activated K+ channels from mammalian skeletal muscle: C. Miller, et al.; Nature 313, 316 (1985) Abstract
C. Smith, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 261, 14607 (1986) Abstract; Full Text
Purification, sequence, and model structure of charybdotoxin, a potent selective inhibitor of calcium-activated potassium channels: G. Gimenez-Gallego, et al.; PNAS 85, 3329 (1988) Abstract
Toxins in the characterization of potassium channels: N.A. Castle, et al.; TINS 12, 59 (1989) Abstract
Characterization of high affinity binding sites for charybdotoxin in sarcolemmal membranes from bovine aortic smooth muscle. Evidence for a direct association with the high conductance calcium-activated potassium channel: J. Vazquez, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 264, 20902 (1989) Abstract; Full Text
Solution synthesis of charybdotoxin (ChTX), a K+ channel blocker: P. Lambert, et al.; BBRC 170, 684 (1990) Abstract
Potassium channel toxins: P.N. Strong; Pharmacol. Ther. 46, 137 (1990), (Review) Abstract
Characterization of high affinity binding sites for charybdotoxin in synaptic plasma membranes from rat brain. Evidence for a direct association with an inactivating, voltage-dependent, potassium channel: J. Vazquez, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 265, 15564 (1990) Abstract; Full Text
Refined structure of charybdotoxin: common motifs in scorpion toxins and insect defensins: F. Bontems, et al.; Science 254, 1521 (1991) Abstract
Design, synthesis, and functional expression of a gene for charybdotoxin, a peptide blocker of K+ channels: C.S. Park, et al.; PNAS 88, 2046 (1991) Abstract
Synthesis of charybdotoxin and of two N-terminal truncated analogues. Structural and functional characterisation: C. Vita, et al.; Eur. J. Biochem. 217, 157 (1993) Abstract
Charybdotoxin and its effects on potassium channels: M.L. Garcia, et al.; Am. J. Physiol. 269, C1 (1995), ( Abstract
Effects of charybdotoxin on K+ channel (KV1.2) deactivation and inactivation kinetics: L.K. Sprunger, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 314, 357 (1996) Abstract
A charybdotoxin-insensitive conductance in human T lymphocytes: T cell membrane potential is set by distinct K+ channels: J. A. Verheugen & H. Korn; J. Physiol. 503, 317 (1997) Abstract
Interaction of agitoxin2, charybdotoxin, and iberiotoxin with potassium channels: selectivity between voltage-gated and Maxi-K channels: Y. D. Gao & M. L. Garcia; Proteins 52, 146 (2003) Abstract
Block of maurotoxin and charybdotoxin on human intermediate-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (hIKCa1): V. Visan, et al.; Toxicon 43, 973 (2004) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
K+ Channel Blockers & Inhibitors
 
 
ALX-630-069 Revised 28-Jan-08
Chlorotoxin