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ALX-380-042 Revised 05-May-08
Doxorubicin . hydrochloride
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SYNONYMS DXR . HCl
14-Hydroxydaunomycin . HCl
Adriamycin . HCl
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antitumor Antibiotics
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ALX-380-042-M005   5 mg 60.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-042-M010   10 mg 110.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-042-M025   25 mg 250.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C27H29NO11 . HCl
MW: 543.5 . 36.5
CAS NUMBER: 25316-40-9
MERCK INDEX: 14: 3439
RTECS: QI9295900
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: Red solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HAZARD: MAY BE CARCINOGENIC. MAY BE TERATOGENIC. TOXIC. MAY BE MUTAGENIC.

Product Description
Antitumor antibiotic. Induces DNA damage by intercalating into DNA and inhibiting topoisomerase II. Binds covalently to DNA. Inhbibits reverse transcriptase, RNA polymerase and the catalytic activity of Dnmt1. Immunosuppressive. Antineoplastic. Induces apoptosis.
Product Specific Literature References
Adriamycin and daunomycin induce programmed cell death (apoptosis) in tumour cells: A. Skladanowski & J. Konopa; Biochem. Pharmacol. 46, 375 (1993) Abstract
A critical evaluation of the mechanisms of action proposed for the antitumor effects of the anthracycline antibiotics adriamycin and daunorubicin: D.A. Gewirtz; Biochem. Pharmacol. 57, 727 (1999) Abstract
Doxorubicin treatment activates a Z-VAD-sensitive caspase, which causes deltapsim loss, caspase-9 activity, and apoptosis in Jurkat cells: S. Gamen, et al.; Exp. Cell Res. 258, 223 (2000) Abstract
Involvement of cyclin-dependent kinases in doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in human tumor cells: Y. Lu, et al.; Mol. Carcinog. 29, 1 (2000) Abstract
Characterization of Adriamycin-Induced G2 Arrest and Its Abrogation by Caffeine in FL-Amnion Cells with or without p53: Y. Minemoto, et al.; Exp. Cell Res. 262, 37 (2001) Abstract
Enhancement of Fas-mediated apoptosis in renal cell carcinoma cells by adriamycin: X.X. Wu, et al.; Cancer Res. 60, 2912 (2000) Abstract
Doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes is ameliorated by nitrone spin traps and ebselen. Role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species: S. Kotamraju, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 275, 33585 (2000) Abstract; Full Text
The power and potential of doxorubicin-DNA adducts: S.M. Cutts, et al.; IUBMB Life 57, 73 (2005), Review Abstract
Adriamycin-induced interference with cardiac mitochondrial calcium homeostasis: K.B. Wallace; Cardiovasc. Toxicol. 7, 101 (2007), Review Abstract
Doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy from the cardiotoxic mechanisms to managemen: G. Takemura & H. Fujiwara; Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis. 49, 330 (2007), Review Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Other Toxins • Antitumor Agents (Enzyme Inhibitors) • Antitumor Agents (Apoptosis Inducers) • Antibiotics - Immunomodulators • Antibiotics - Topoisomerase Inhibitors • DNA Intercalators & Crosslinkers • Antibiotics - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • Antitumor Agents (DNA Interaction & Gene Regulation)
 
 
ALX-350-092 Revised 03-Apr-08
Emetine . dihydrochloride
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SYNONYMS 6’,7’,10,11-Tetramethoxyemetan . 2HCl
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - DNA Replication Inhibitors
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ALX-350-092-M050   50 mg 10.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C29H40N2O4 . 2HCl
MW: 480.7 . 73.0
CAS NUMBER: 316-42-7
MERCK INDEX: 14: 3559
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from ground roots of Uragoga ipecacuanha.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water or 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HANDLING: Protect from light. Hygroscopic.
HAZARD: TOXIC.

Product Description
Irreversibly blocks protein synthesis by inhibiting the movement of ribosome along the mRNA. Induces hypotension by blocking adrenoreceptors. Inhibits DNA replication in the early S phase. Inhibits HIF-1 activation by hypoxia. Induces apoptosis in leukemia cells. Antiamebic.
Product Specific Literature References
Inhibitors of protein biosynthesis. V. Effects of emetine on protein and nucleic acid biosynthesis in HeLa cells: A.P. Grollman; J. Biol. Chem. 243, 4089 (1968) Abstract
Cytometric analysis of DNA replication inhibited by emetine and cyclosporin A:: A: T. Schweighoffer, et al.; Histochemistry 96, 93 (1991) Abstract
Emetine allows identification of origins of mammalian DNA replication by imbalanced DNA synthesis, not through conservative nucleosome segregation: W.C. Burhans, et al.; EMBO J. 10, 4351 (1991) Abstract
Role of newly synthesized MHC class II molecules in antigen-specific antigen presentation by B cells: T. Kokuho, et al.; Immunobiology 193, 42 (1995) Abstract
Terpenoid tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids emetine, klugine, and isocephaeline inhibit the activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 in breast tumor cells: Y.D. Zhou, et al.; J. Nat. Prod. 68, 947 (2005) Abstract
The alkaloid emetine as a promising agent for the induction and enhancement of drug-induced apoptosis in leukemia cells: M. Moller, et al.; Oncol. Rep. 18, 737 (2007) Abstract
Characteristics of apoptosis induction by the alkaloid emetine in human tumour cell lines: M. Moller & M. Wink; Planta Med. 73, 1389 (2007) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Other Toxins • Hypoxia-inducible Factor [HIF] / Related Products • Adrenergics & Adrenergic Receptors / Related Products • Translation Inhibitors • Alkaloids • Natural Products - Other Anti-infective Agents • Parasitic Diseases Other Products • Natural Products for Neurological Research • DNA Replication Inhibitors • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors
 
 
ALX-350-057 Revised 20-Feb-08
Emodin
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SYNONYMS 6-Methyl-1,3,8-trihydroxyanthraquinone
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Protein Kinase Inhibitors
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ALX-350-057-M025   25 mg 45.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C15H10O5
MW: 270.2
CAS NUMBER: 518-82-1
MERCK INDEX: 14: 3561
RTECS: CB7920600
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Frangula bark.
PURITY: ≥96% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: Orange to red solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol or 1N dilute aqueous ammonia; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HAZARD: IRRITANT.

Product Description
Inhibitor of p56lck tyrosine kinase. Has mutagenic and genotoxic effects, mainly in bacterial systems. Anticancer agent. Exhibits anti-proliferative effects in various cancer cell lines by efficient induction of apoptosis. Has inhibitory effects on angiogenic and metastasis regulatory processes. Anti-inflammatory compound. Suppresses NF-κB activation. 
Product Specific Literature References
Emodin, a protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor from Polygonum cuspidatum: H. Jayasuriya, et al.; J. Nat. Prod. 55, 696 (1992) Abstract
Selective inhibition of the growth of ras-transformed human bronchial epithelial cells by emodin, a protein-tyrosine kinase inhibitor: T.C.K. Chan, et al.; BBRC 193, 1152 (1993) Abstract
Molecular mechanism of emodin action: transition from laxative ingredient to an antitumor agent: G. Srinivas, et al.; Med. Res. Rev. 27, 591 (2007), (Review) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors • Other Toxins • NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors • Kinases in T Cell Signal Transduction / Related Products • Src Family Kinases / Related Products • Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents • Natural Products - NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors • Natural Products - Antitumor Reagents • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors
 
 
ALX-380-007 Revised 16-Jun-08
Enniatin B
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics - Ionophores
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ALX-380-007-M001   1 mg 130.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C33H57N3O9
MW: 639.8
CAS NUMBER: 917-13-5
MERCK INDEX: 14: 3585
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Fusarium orthoceras var. enniatum.
PURITY: ≥90% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO or other organic solvents; almost insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C

Product Description
Ionophore antibiotic. Inhibitor of the S. cerevisiae ABC transporter Pdr5p.
Inhibitor of acyl-CoA-cholesterol acyltransferase and of phosphodiesterase. Potential anticancer compound.
Product Specific Literature References
Ionophore antibiotics produced by the fungus Fusarium orthoceras var. enniatum and other Fusaria: E. Gaumann, et al.; Experientia 3, 202 (1947)
"Sandwich" complexation in cyclopeptides and its implications in membrane processes: V.T. Ivanov; Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 264, 221 (1975) Abstract
Interaction of cyclic peptides and depsipeptides with calmodulin: K.A. Mereish, et al.; Pept. Res. 3, 233 (1990) Abstract
Enniatin has a new function as an inhibitor of Pdr5p, one of the ABC transporters in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: K. Hiraga, et al.; Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 328, 1119 (2005) Abstract
Enniatin exerts p53-dependent cytostatic and p53-independent cytotoxic activities against human cancer cells: R. Dornetshuber, et al.; Chem. Res. Toxicol. 20, 465 (2007) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Other Toxins • MDR Inhibitors • Antibiotics - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators • Antitumor Antibiotics
 
 
ALX-350-359 Revised 07-Apr-08
16-epi-Latrunculin B
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Antiviral / anti-HIV Agents
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ALX-350-359-C100   100 µg 95.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C20H29NO5S
MW: 395.5
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Negombata magnifica.
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO (25mg/ml) or 100% ethanol (25mg/ml).
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C

Product Description
Has antiviral (herpes simplex type 1) activities and cytotoxic properties.
Product Specific Literature References
Latrunculin inhibits the microfilament-mediated processes during fertilization, cleavage and early development in sea urchins and mice: G. Schatten, et al.; Exp. Cell. Res. 166, 191 (1986) Abstract
Latrunculins--novel marine macrolides that disrupt microfilament organization and affect cell growth: I. Comparison with cytochalasin D: I. Spector, et al.; Cell Motility & Cytoskeleton 13, 127 (1989) Abstract
Effects of cytochalasin D and latrunculin B on mechanical properties of cells: T. Wakatsuki, et al.; J. Cell. Sci. 114, 1025 (2001) Abstract
Toward computing relative configurations: 16-epi-latrunculin B, a new stereoisomer of the actin polymerization inhibitor latrunculin B: T.R. Hoye, et al.; JACS 124, 7405 (2002) Abstract
General Literature References
Latrunculin inhibits the microfilament-mediated processes during fertilization, cleavage and early development in sea urchins and mice: G. Schatten, et al.; Exp. Cell. Res. 166, 191 (1986) Abstract
Inhibition of actin polymerization by latrunculin A: M. Coué, et al.; FEBS Lett. 213, 316 (1987) Abstract
Latrunculin A is a potent inhibitor of phagocytosis by macrophages: C.A. de Oliveira & B. Mantovani; Life Sci. 43, 1825 (1988) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Other Toxins • Herpes Viruses / Related Products
 
 
ALX-270-341 Revised 28-Sep-07
Epoxyquinone G109 (racemic)
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PRODUCT LINE Neurobiology
PRODUCT CATEGORY Ceramides / Cerebrosides / Sphingolipids / Related Products
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ALX-270-341-M002   2 mg 190.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C18H27NO4
MW: 321.4
CAS NUMBER: 163972-12-1 ((+)-enantiomer)
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: Pale yellow powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO or methanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: TOXIC.

Product Description
Potent and selective irreversible inhibitor of neutral sphingomyelinase (N-SMase).
Product Specific Literature References
Manumycin A and its analogues are irreversible inhibitors of neutral sphingomyelinase: C. Arenz, et al.; ChemBioChem 2, 141 (2001) Abstract
Endothelial apoptosis induced by inhibition of integrins αvβ3 and αvβ5 involves ceramide metabolic pathways: A. Erdreich-Epstein, et al.; Blood 105, 4353 (2005) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Other Toxins
 
 
ALX-350-322 Revised 20-Feb-08
Equisetin
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics - ATPase Inhibitors
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ALX-350-322-M001   1 mg 120.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C22H31NO4
MW: 373.5
CAS NUMBER: 57749-43-6
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Fusarium equiseti.
PURITY: ≥97% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: Brown oily solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO or 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: TOXIC.
IDENTITY: Identity determined by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and MS.

Product Description
Fungal metabolite with antibiotic and cytotoxic activity. Inhibitor of mitochondrial ATPases and HIV-1 integrase. Mycotoxin.
Product Specific Literature References
Antibiotic produced by Fusarium equiseti NRRL 5537: H.R. Burmeister, et al.; Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 5, 634 (1974) Abstract
Equisetin, an antibiotic from Fusarium equiseti NRRL 5537, identified as a derivative of N-methyl-2,4-pyrollidone: R.F. Vesonder, et al.; J. Antibiot. 32, 759 (1979) Abstract
The effect of equisetin on energy-linked reactions in Rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophores: P. Nyren and A. Strid; Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 268, 659 (1989) Abstract
Characterization of the Fusarium toxin equisetin: the use of phenylboronates in structure assignment: N. J. Phillips, et al.; JACS 111, 8223 (1989)
Characterization of a mitochondrial inorganic pyrophosphatase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: M. Lundin, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1098, 217 (1992) Abstract
Effects of equisetin on rat liver mitochondria: evidence for inhibition of substrate anion carriers of the inner membrane: T. Konig, et al.; J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 25, 537 (1993) Abstract
Equisetin and a novel opposite stereochemical homolog phomasetin, two fungal metabolites as inhibitors of HIV-1 integrase: S.B. Singh, et al.; Tetrahedron Lett. 39, 2243 (1998)
Isolation and characterization of novel human immunodeficiency virus integrase inhibitors from fungal metabolites: D. Hazuda, et al.; Antivir. Chem. Chemother. 10, 63 (1999) Abstract
Phytotoxicity of equisetin and epi-equisetin isolated from Fusarium equiseti and F. pallidoroseum: M.H. Wheeler, et al.; Mycological Res. 103, 967 (1999)
A short stereoselective total synthesis of the fusarium toxin equisetin: L.T. Burke, et al.; Org. Lett. 2, 3611 (2000) Abstract
Enantioselective total synthesis of (−)-equisetin using a Me3Al-mediated intramolecular Diels–Alder reaction: K. Yuki, et al.; Tetrahedron Lett. 427, 2517 (2001)
Natural products with anti-HIV activity from marine organisms: L.A. Tziveleka, et al.; Curr. Top. Med. Chem. 3, 1512 (2003) Abstract
Total synthesis of the Fusarium toxin equisetin: L.T. Burke, et al.; Org. Biomol. Chem. 3, 274 (2005) Abstract
Equisetin biosynthesis in Fusarium heterosporum: J.W. Sims; Chem. Commun. 2005, 186
Molecular biology of Fusarium mycotoxins: A.E. Desjardins & R.H. Proctor; Int. J. Food Microbiol. 119, 47 (2007) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
HIV / AIDS / Related Products • Mycotoxins
 
 
ALX-270-209 Revised 05-Apr-08
Etoposide
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SYNONYMS 4-Desmethylepipodophyllotoxin 9-(4,6-O-ethylidene)-β-D-glucopyranoside
VP-16-213
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Topoisomerase Inhibitors
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-270-209-M025   25 mg 30.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-209-M100   100 mg 65.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-209-M500   500 mg 260.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C29H32O13
MW: 588.6
CAS NUMBER: 33419-42-0
MERCK INDEX: 14: 3886
RTECS: KC0190000
SOURCE/HOST: Semisynthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin.
PURITY: ≥99%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO, dimethyl formamide, ethyl ether or chloroform:methanol (1:1); slightly soluble in methanol or acetone; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +20°C
USE/STABILITY: Store solutions in DMSO at 4°C. For long term storage prepare aliquots and store at -20°C.
HANDLING: Protect from light and moisture.
HAZARD: MAY BE CARCINOGENIC. TOXIC.

Product Description
Antitumor reagent. Topoisomerase II inhibitor. Induces apoptosis by FasL. Activates p53 resulting in upregulated expression of TRAIL-R2 (DR5) and Bak to overcome TRAIL resistance in Bax-deficient human colon carcinoma cancer cells.
Product Specific Literature References
The podophyllotoxin derivatives VP16-213 and VM26: B.F. Issell; Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 7, 73 (1982) Abstract
Etoposide: four decades of development of a topoisomerase II inhibitor: K.R. Hande; Eur. J. Cancer 34, 1514 (1998) Abstract
Etoposide sensitivity of human prostatic cancer cell lines PC-3, DU 145 and LNCaP: M. Salido, et al.; Histol. Histopathol. 14, 125 (1999) Abstract
A systematic review of the role of etoposide and cisplatin in the chemotherapy of small cell lung cancer with methodology assessment and meta-analysis: C. Mascaux, et al.; Lung Cancer 30, 23 (2000) Abstract
Distinct pathways for stimulation of cytochrome c release by etoposide: J.D. Robertson, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 275, 32438 (2000) Abstract; Full Text
Ordering of ceramide formation, caspase activation, and Bax/Bcl-2 expression during etoposide-induced apoptosis in C6 glioma cells: M. Sawada, et al.; Cell Death Differ. 7, 761 (2000) Abstract
Etoposide-induced apoptosis is not associated with the fas pathway in acute myeloblastic leukemia cells: T. Siitonen, et al.; Leuk. Res. 24, 281 (2000) Abstract
Early caspase activation in leukemic cells subject to etoposide-induced G2-M arrest: evidence of commitment to apoptosis rather than mitotic cell death: R.J. Sleiman & B.W. Stewart; Clin. Cancer Res. 6, 3756 (2000) Abstract; Full Text
Cell cycle phase specificity in the potentiation of etoposide-induced DNA damage and apoptosis by KN-62, an inhibitor of calcium-calmodulin- dependent enzymes: M. Aoyama, et al.; Biochem Pharmacol 61, 49 (2001) Abstract
Deacetylase activity associates with topoisomerase II and is necessary for etoposide-induced apoptosis: C.A. Johnson, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 276, 4539 (2001) Abstract; Full Text
In vitro topo II-DNA complex accumulation and cytotoxicity of etoposide in leukaemic cells from patients with acute myelogenous and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: Y. Wang, et al.; Leuk. Res. 25, 133 (2001) Abstract
Etoposide: discovery and medicinal chemistry: P. Meresse, et al.; Curr. Med. Chem. 11, 2443 (2004), Review Abstract
Etoposide, topoisomerase II and cancer: E.L. Baldwin & N. Osheroff; Curr. Med. Chem. Anticancer Agents 5, 363 (2005), Review Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Other Toxins • Antitumor Agents (Enzyme Inhibitors) • Antitumor Agents (Apoptosis Inducers) • Natural Products - Antitumor Reagents • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors
 
 
ALX-630-110 Revised 18-Feb-08
Fumigaclavine A
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics