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Obesity & Adipokines
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ALX-157-021 Revised 25-Sep-06
Ghrelin (human)
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PRODUCT LINE Obesity & Adipokines
PRODUCT CATEGORY Ghrelin/Related Products
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-157-021-MC05   0.5 mg 230.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-157-021-M001   1 mg 390.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: H-Gly-Ser-Ser(octanoyl)-Phe-Leu-Ser-Pro-Glu-His-Gln-Arg-Val-Gln-Gln-Arg-Lys-Glu-Ser-Lys-Lys-Pro-Pro-Ala-Lys-Leu-Gln-Pro-Arg-OH
FORMULA: C149H249N47O42
MW: 3370.9
CAS NUMBER: 258279-04-8
PURITY: ≥98%
FORMULATION: Lyophilized.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in distilled water or 5% acetic acid.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
Product Description
Ghrelin, a 28 aa peptide predominantly produced by the stomach, is an endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R) that potently stimulates growth hormone release. Recent studies suggest that peripherally or centrally administrated ghrelin, independent of growth hormone, decreases fat oxidation and increases food intake and adiposity. In addition, plasma ghrelin levels are lower in obese human subjects. Ghrelin promotes the production of orexigenic neuropeptides (neuropeptide Y and agouti-related protein) in the hypothalamic arcuate nuclei and activates the neurons which produce these orexigenic neuropeptides, resulting in an increase in feeding and body weight and thereby opposing the effects of leptin. Moreover, ghrelin shows regulatory effects on the cardiovascular and immune system.
Product Specific Literature References
Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomach: M. Kojima, et al.; Nature 402, 656 (1999) Abstract
Ghrelin: a step forward in the understanding of somatotroph cell function and growth regulation: C. Dieguez & F.F. Casanueva; Eur. J. Endocrinol. 142, 413 (2000) Abstract; Full Text
Ghrelin and immunity: a young player in an old field: V.D. Dixit & D.D. Taub; Exp. Gerontol. 40, 900 (2005), (Review) Abstract
Ghrelin: structure and function: M. Kojima & K. Kangawa; Physiol. Rev. 85, 495 (2005), (Review) Abstract
Developments in ghrelin biology and potential clinical relevance: R.G. Smith, et al.; Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 16, 436 (2005), (Review) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Peptides
 
 
ALX-157-022 Revised 25-Sep-06
Ghrelin (rat)
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PRODUCT LINE Obesity & Adipokines
PRODUCT CATEGORY Ghrelin/Related Products
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-157-022-MC05   0.5 mg 230.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-157-022-M001   1 mg 390.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: H-Gly-Ser-Ser(octanoyl)-Phe-Leu-Ser-Pro-Glu-His-Gln-Lys-Ala-Gln-Gln-Arg-Lys-Glu-Ser-Lys-Lys-Pro-Pro-Ala-Lys-Leu-Gln-Pro-Arg-OH
FORMULA: C147H244N45O42
MW: 3313.8
CAS NUMBER: 258338-12-4
PURITY: ≥98%
FORMULATION: Lyophilized.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 5% acetic acid.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
Product Description
Ghrelin, a 28 aa peptide predominantly produced by the stomach, is an endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R) that potently stimulates growth hormone release. Recent studies suggest that peripherally or centrally administrated ghrelin, independent of growth hormone, decreases fat oxidation and increases food intake and adiposity. In addition, plasma ghrelin levels are lower in obese human subjects. Ghrelin promotes the production of orexigenic neuropeptides (neuropeptide Y and agouti-related protein) in the hypothalamic arcuate nuclei and activates the neurons which produce these orexigenic neuropeptides, resulting in an increase in feeding and body weight and thereby opposing the effects of leptin. Moreover, ghrelin shows regulatory effects on th cardiovascular and immune system.
Product Specific Literature References
Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomach: M. Kojima, et al.; Nature 402, 656 (1999) Abstract
Ghrelin: a step forward in the understanding of somatotroph cell function and growth regulation: C. Dieguez & F.F. Casanueva; Eur. J. Endocrinol. 142, 413 (2000) Abstract; Full Text
(Ghrelin and immunity: a young player in an old field: V.D. Dixit & D.D. Taub; Exp. Gerontol. 40, 900 (2005), (Review) Abstract
Ghrelin: structure and function: M. Kojima & K. Kangawa; Physiol. Rev. 85, 495 (2005), (Review) Abstract
Developments in ghrelin biology and potential clinical relevance: R.G. Smith, et al.; Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 16, 436 (2005), (Review) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Peptides
 
 
ALX-163-003 Revised 06-Jun-03
NPY (human)
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SYNONYMS Neuropeptide Y (human)
PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY Ca2+ Modulators
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-163-003-PC05   0.5 mg* 140.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-163-003-P001   1 mg* 250.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: H-Tyr-Pro-Ser-Lys-Pro-Asp-Asn-Pro-Gly-Glu-Asp-Ala-Pro-Ala-Glu-Asp-Met-Ala-Arg-Tyr-Tyr-Ser-Ala-Leu-Arg-His-Tyr-Ile-Asn-Leu-Ile-Thr-Arg-Gln-Arg-Tyr-NH2
FORMULA: C189H285N55O57S
MW: 4271.7
CAS NUMBER: 90880-35-6
MERCK INDEX: 14: 6485
QUANTITY: *Sold as net peptide weight.
PURITY: ≥97%
APPEARANCE: White lyophilized powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
Product Specific Literature References
Cloning, characterization, and DNA sequence of a human cDNA encoding neuropeptide tyrosine: C.D. Minth, et al.; PNAS 81, 4577 (1984) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Leptin/Related Products • Neuropeptides & Receptors Other Products • Peptides
 
 
ALX-164-001 Revised 06-Jan-06
Orexin A (human, bovine, rat, mouse)
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PRODUCT LINE Obesity & Adipokines
PRODUCT CATEGORY Orexins/Related Products
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-164-001-C100   100 µg 120.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-164-001-C500   500 µg 370.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-164-001-M001   1 mg 690.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: Pyr-Pro-Leu-Pro-Asp-Cys-Cys-Arg-Gln-Lys-Thr-Cys-Ser-Cys-Arg-Leu-Tyr-Glu-Leu-Leu-His-Gly-Ala-Gly-Asn-His-Ala-Ala-Gly-Ile-Leu-Thr-Leu-NH2
(Disulfide bonds between Cys6-Cys12 and Cys7-Cys14).
FORMULA: C152H243N47O44S4
MW: 3561.2
PURITY: ≥98%
FORMULATION: Lyophilized.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
Product Description
Hypothalamic neuropeptide that stimulates food intake in rats with impressive potency. Binds specifically to the OX1 receptor.
Product Specific Literature References
Orexins and orexin receptors: a family of hypotalamic neuropeptides and G protein-coupled receptors that regulate feeding behaviour: T. Sakurai, et al.; Cell 92, 573 (1998) Abstract
Orexins and appetite: the big picture of energy homeostasis gets a little bigger: M.W. Schwartz; Nature Medicine 4, 385 (1998) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Neuropeptides & Receptors Other Products • Peptides
 
 
ALX-164-002 Revised 06-Jan-06
Orexin B (human)
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PRODUCT LINE Obesity & Adipokines
PRODUCT CATEGORY Orexins/Related Products
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-164-002-C100   100 µg 150.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: H-Arg-Ser-Gly-Pro-Pro-Gly-Leu-Gln-Gly-Arg-Leu-Gln-Arg-Leu-Leu-Gln-Ala-Ser-Gly-Asn-His-Ala-Ala-Gly-Ile-Leu-Thr-Met-NH2
FORMULA: C122H212N44O34S
MW: 2871.4
PURITY: ≥95%
FORMULATION: Lyophilized.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
Product Description
Like orexin A (Prod. No. ALX-164-001), orexin B is a hypothalamatic neuropeptide stimulating food intake in rats. Stimulates food consumption in a similar manner to orexin A, but the effect did not last as long as that of orexin A. The affinity of orexin B for the OX1 receptor is significantly lower than that of orexin A. Binding affinities for the OX2 receptor are similar for orexin A and B.
Product Specific Literature References
Orexins and orexin receptors: a family of hypothalamic neuropeptides and G protein-coupled receptors that regulate feeding behavior: T. Sakurai, et al.; Cell 92, 573 (1998) Abstract
Orexins and appetite: the big picture of energy homeostasis gets a little bigger: M.W. Schwartz; Nature Medicine 4, 385 (1998) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Neuropeptides & Receptors Other Products • Peptides
 
 
ALX-164-003 Revised 10-Jun-03
Orexin B (rat, mouse)
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PRODUCT LINE Obesity & Adipokines
PRODUCT CATEGORY Orexins/Related Products
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-164-003-C100   100 µg 150.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: H-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro-Pro-Gly-Leu-Gln-Gly-Arg-Leu-Gln-Arg-Leu-Leu-Gln-Ala-Asn-Gly-Asn-His-Ala-Ala-Gly-Ile-Leu-Thr-Met-NH2
FORMULA: C125H215N45O33S
MW: 2908.5
PURITY: ≥97%
FORMULATION: Lyophilized.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
Product Specific Literature References
Orexins and orexin receptors: a family of hypothalamic neuropeptides and G protein-coupled receptors that regulate feeding behavior: T. Sakurai, et al.; Cell 92, 573 (1998) Abstract
Orexins and appetite: the big picture of energy homeostasis gets a little bigger: M.W. Schwartz; Nature Medicine 4, 385 (1998) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Neuropeptides & Receptors Other Products • Peptides
 
 
ALX-164-004 Revised 04-Jul-08
Obestatin (human)
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PRODUCT LINE Obesity & Adipokines
PRODUCT CATEGORY Ghrelin/Related Products
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-164-004-M001   1 mg 130.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-164-004-M005   5 mg 480.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: H-Phe-Asn-Ala-Pro-Phe-Asp-Val-Gly-Ile-Lys-Leu-Ser-Gly-Val-Gln-Tyr-Gln-Gln-His-Ser-Gln-Ala-Leu-NH2
FORMULA: C116H176N32O33
MW: 2546.9
PEPTIDE CONTENT: ≥80%
PURITY: ≥97% (HPLC)
FORMULATION: Lyophilized.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
Product Description
Obestatin derives like ghrelin from proghrelin, but exhibits opposite physiological effects. Obestatin decreases food intake and body weight in rodents. Moreover, obestatin also counteracts ghrelin’s effect by decelerating gastric emptying and decreasing intestinal contractility. Obestatin binds to orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR39. Amidation of the C-terminus seems to be important for obestatin’s activity.
Product Specific Literature References
Obestatin, a peptide encoded by the ghrelin gene, opposes ghrelin’s effects on food intake: J.V. Zhang, et al.; Science 310, 996 (2005) Abstract
Biomedicine. Separation of conjoined hormones yields appetite rivals: R. Nogueiras & M. Tschop; Science 310, 985 (2005), (Comment) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Peptides
 
 
ALX-164-005 Revised 04-Jul-08
Obestatin (mouse, rat)
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PRODUCT LINE Obesity & Adipokines
PRODUCT CATEGORY Ghrelin/Related Products
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-164-005-M001   1 mg 130.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-164-005-M005   5 mg 480.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: H-Phe-Asn-Ala-Pro-Phe-Asp-Val-Gly-Ile-Lys-Leu-Ser-Gly-Ala-Gln-Tyr-Gln-Gln-His-Gly-Arg-Ala-Leu-NH2
FORMULA: C114H174N34O31
MW: 2516.8
PEPTIDE CONTENT: ≥80%
PURITY: ≥97% (HPLC)
FORMULATION: Lyophilized.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
Product Description
Obestatin derives like ghrelin from proghrelin, but exhibits opposite physiological effects. Obestatin decreases food intake and body weight in rodents. Moreover, obestatin also counteracts ghrelin’s effect by decelerating gastric emptying and decreasing intestinal contractility. Obestatin binds to orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR39. Amidation of the C-terminus seems to be important for obestatin’s activity.
Product Specific Literature References
Obestatin, a peptide encoded by the ghrelin gene, opposes ghrelin’s effects on food intake: J.V. Zhang, et al.; Science 310, 996 (2005) Abstract
Biomedicine. Separation of conjoined hormones yields appetite rivals: R. Nogueiras & M. Tschop; Science 310, 985 (2005), (Comment) Abstract
 
 
ALX-165-052 Revised 04-Mar-05
Peptide YY (3-36) (human)
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PRODUCT LINE Obesity & Adipokines
PRODUCT CATEGORY Food Intake Modulators Other Products
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-165-052-C500   500 µg 130.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: H-Ile-Lys-Pro-Glu-Ala-Pro-Gly-Glu-Asp-Ala-Ser-Pro-Glu-Glu-Leu-Asn-Arg-Tyr-Tyr-Ala-Ser-Leu-Arg-His-Tyr-Leu-Asn-Leu-Val-Thr-Arg-Gln-Arg-Tyr-NH2
FORMULA: C180H279N53O54
MW: 4049.5
PURITY: ≥97% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
FORMULATION: Lyophilized. TFA salt.
SOLUBILITY: 5mg/ml soluble in distilled water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
Product Description
Y2R agonist, inhibiting food intake and reducing weight gain in rats and humans after peripheral injection.
Product Specific Literature References
Gut hormone PYY(3-36) physiologically inhibits food intake: R.L. Batterham, et al.; Nature 418, 650 (2002) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Peptides
 
 
ALX-201-034 Revised 02-May-06
Leptin (human) (recombinant)
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SYNONYMS OB Gene Product (human) (recombinant)
PRODUCT LINE Obesity & Adipokines
PRODUCT CATEGORY Leptin/Related Products
Ordering Information
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ALX-201-034-M001   1 mg 190.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
MW: ~16kDa.
MERCK INDEX: 14: 5443
SOURCE/HOST: Produced in E. coli. Homologous to human serum leptin.
PURITY: ≥98% (SDS-PAGE)
FORMULATION: Lyophilized from sterile filtered solution in 10mM sodium citrate, pH 4.0.
ENDOTOXIN CONTENT: <0.1EU/µg purified protein.
RECONSTITUTION: Reconstitute with sterile water or 0.4% sodium bicarbonate, pH 8-9. Do not reconstitute to less than 0.1mg/ml. Further dilutions should be made with medium containing 0.1% HSA or BSA.
BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY: Induces proliferation of BAF/3 cells stably transfected with the long form of human leptin receptor.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Reconstituted protein is stable for 4 weeks when stored at +4°C.
HANDLING: Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. After reconstitution, prepare aliquots and freeze in liquid nitrogen.
General Information
Leptin, the product of the ob (obese) gene, is a 16kDa protein consisting of 146 amino acid residues. Leptin is produced in the adipose tissue, and is considered to play an important role in appetite control, fat metabolism and regulation of body weight. It targets the central nervous system, particularly hypothalamus, affecting food intake. Leptin levels are high in most obese individuals. Studies have shown that it may also influence reproductive function.
BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION Swiss-Prot link P41159: Leptin (human) (precursor)
General Literature References
Leptin and the regulation of body weight in mammals: J.M. Friedman and J.L. Halaas; Nature 395, 763 (1998), review Abstract
Mutation screening and identification of a sequence variation in the human ob gene coding region: R.V. Considine, et al.; BBRC 220, 735 (1996) Abstract
Serum immunoreactive leptin concentrations in normal-weight and obese humans  : R.V. Considine, et al. ; New Engl. J. Med. 334, 292 (1996) Abstract
Leptin levels in human and rodent: measurement of plasma leptin and ob RNA in obese and weight-reduced subjects  : M. Maffei, et al.; Nature Medicine 1, 1155 (1995) Abstract
Effects of the obese gene product on body weight regulation in ob/ob mice  : M.A. Pelleymounter, et al. ; Science 269, 540 (1995) Abstract
Evidence against either a premature stop codon or the absence of obese gene mRNA in human obesity  : R.V. Considine, et al. ; J. Clin. Invest 95, 2986 (1995) Abstract
Overexpression of the obese (ob) gene in adipose tissue of the human subjects  : F. Lönnqvist, et al. ; Nature Medicine 1, 950 (1995) Abstract
Positional cloning of the mouse obese gene and its human homologue  : Y. Zhang, et al.; Nature 372, 425 (1994) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Recombinant Proteins/Fusion Proteins
 
 
ALX-201-035 Revised 18-May-06
Leptin (mouse) (recombinant)
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