ALEXIS Biochemicals: EDA-A2, Soluble (human) (recombinant)

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Obesity & Diabetes Other Products

ALX-370-009

Revised 26-Jun-06

Cholesterol 3-sulfate . sodium salt
PRODUCT LINE	Obesity & Adipokines
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Cholesterol & Lipid Transport/Related Products

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-370-009-M005		5 mg	20.00 USD
ALX-370-009-M025		25 mg	45.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₂₇H₄₅O₄S . Na
MW:	465.7 . 23.0
CAS NUMBER:	2864-50-8
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in methanol.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light.

Product Description

Activates multiple protein kinase C (PKC) iso-enzymes, especially the ε, η and ζ isoforms.

Product Specific Literature References

Cholesterol sulfate, a novel activator for the eta isoform of protein kinase C: T. Ikuta, et al.; Cell Growth Differentiation 5, 943 (1994) Abstract
Cholesterol sulfate activates multiple protein kinase C isoenzymes and induces granular cell differentiation in cultured murine keratinocytes: M.F. Denning, et al.; Cell Growth Differentiation 6, 1619 (1995) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

PKC Activators

ALX-270-255

Revised 14-Sep-07

Ciglitazone
SYNONYMS	(±)-5-[4-(1-Methylcyclohexylmethoxy)benzyl]-thiazolidine-2,4-dione U-63287
PRODUCT LINE	DNA Regulation / Transcription
PRODUCT CATEGORY	PPAR Agonists

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-270-255-M001		1 mg	30.00 USD
ALX-270-255-M005		5 mg	80.00 USD
ALX-270-255-M025		25 mg	310.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₁₈H₂₃NO₃S
MW:	333.5
CAS NUMBER:	74772-77-3
SOURCE/HOST:	Synthetic.
PURITY:	≥98%
APPEARANCE:	Off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO or 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
USE/STABILITY:	Stock solutions are stable for up to 3 months when stored at -20°C.

Product Description

Selective PPARγ agonist.

Product Specific Literature References

The structure-activity relationship between peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonism and the antihyperglycemic activity of thiazolidinediones: T.M. Willson, et al.; J. Med. Chem. 39, 665 (1996) Abstract; Full Text
Detection and functional characterisation of the transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in lutein cells: B. Löhrke, et al.; J. Endocrinol. 159, 429 (1998) Abstract; Full Text
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands are potent inhibitors of angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo: X. Xin, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 274, 9116 (1999) Abstract; Full Text
Thiazolidinediones--the new insulin enhancers: R.J. Jha; Clin. Exp. Hypertens. 21, 157 (1999), (Review) Abstract
The nuclear receptor PPAR gamma and immunoregulation: PPAR gamma mediates inhibition of helper T cell responses: R.B. Clark, et al.; J. Immunol. 164, 1364 (2000) Abstract; Full Text

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Antidiabetic Agents/Related Products

ALX-270-404

Revised 24-Jan-06

Cilostamide
SYNONYMS	N-Cyclohexyl-N-methyl-4-(1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-6-quinolyloxy)butyramide OCP 3689
PRODUCT LINE	Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Phosphodiesterases/Related Products

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-270-404-M005		5 mg	50.00 USD
ALX-270-404-M025		25 mg	200.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₂₀H₂₆N₂O₃
MW:	342.4
CAS NUMBER:	68550-75-4
PURITY:	≥98%
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light and oxygen. Packaged under inert gas.

Product Description

Selective inhibitor (IC₅₀=70nM) of phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE3). Reverses the established effects of leptin on food intake and body weight. Blocks the leptin-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT3 at the hypothalamic level.

General Literature References

A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase phosphodiesterase 3B-cyclic AMP pathway in hypothalamic action of leptin on feeding.: A.Z. Zhao, et al.; Nat. Neurosci. 5, 727 (2002) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Obesity & Diabetes Other Products

ALX-270-475

Revised 17-Jan-08

Ciprofibrate
SYNONYMS	2-[4-(2,2-Dichlorocyclopropyl)phenoxy]-2-methylpropanoic acid
PRODUCT LINE	Obesity & Adipokines
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Cholesterol & Lipid Transport/Related Products

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-270-475-M025		25 mg	50.00 USD
ALX-270-475-M100		100 mg	150.00 USD
ALX-270-475-M250		250 mg	300.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₁₃H₁₄Cl₂O₃
MW:	289.2
CAS NUMBER:	52214-84-3
MERCK INDEX:	14: 2313
RTECS:	UF0880000
PURITY:	≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	White to light yellow powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HAZARD:	TOXIC. MAY BE CARCINOGENIC.

Product Description

Hypolipidemic compound. PPARα (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α) agonist.

Product Specific Literature References

Comparison of the effects of various peroxisome proliferators on peroxisomal enzyme activities, DNA synthesis, and apoptosis in rat and human hepatocyte cultures: V. Goll, et al.; Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 160, 21 (1999) Abstract
Phosphorylation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha in rat Fao cells and stimulation by ciprofibrate: P. Passilly, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 58, 1001 (1999) Abstract
Differences in cell proliferation in rodent and human hepatic derived cell lines exposed to ciprofibrate: M.C. Clemencet, et al.; Cancer Lett. 222, 217 (2005) Abstract
P450 CYP2C epoxygenase and CYP4A ω-hydroxylase mediate ciprofibrate-induced PPARα-dependent peroxisomal proliferation: A. Gatica, et al.; J. Lipid Res. 48, 924 (2007) Abstract; Full Text

Related Products

ALX-270-481	Fenofibrate
ALX-270-475	Ciprofibrate

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Cytochrome P450 [CYP450]/Related Products • Carcinogens & Tumor Promoters Other Products • Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors Other Products

ALX-270-082

Revised 28-Jan-05

Conduritol B epoxide
PRODUCT LINE	Obesity & Adipokines
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Glycosidases/Related Products

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-270-082-M005		5 mg	35.00 USD
ALX-270-082-M025		25 mg	140.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₆H₁₀O₅
MW:	162.1
CAS NUMBER:	6090-95-5
PURITY:	≥97%
APPEARANCE:	White solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water or DMSO.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Protect from moisture.

Product Description

Irreversible, high-potency inhibitor of various plant β-glucosidases and mammalian glucocerebrosidase. Used in vitro and animal models for study of Gaucher's disease.

Product Specific Literature References

[Mechanism of action of glycoside-splitting enzymes. V. Labelling of the active center of beta-glucosidases A and B from sweet almond emulsin with (3H)6-bromo-6-deoxyconduritol B epoxide]: G. Legler; Hoppe-Seyler's Z. Physiol. Chem. 351, 25 (1970) Abstract
The Gaucher mouse: differential action of conduritol B epoxide and reversibility of its effects: M.C. Stephens, et al.; J. Neurochem. 30, 1023 (1978) Abstract
Destruction and resynthesis of mouse beta-glucosidases: A. Hara & N.S. Radin; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 582, 412 (1979) Abstract
beta-Glucosidase inhibition in murine peritoneal macrophages by conduritol-B-epoxide: an in vitro model of the Gaucher cell: D.S. Newburg, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 877, 121 (1986) Abstract
Normalization of liver glucosylceramide levels in the "Gaucher" mouse by phosphatidylserine injection: S.C. Datta and N.S. Radin; BBRC 152, 155 (1988) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Plant Research Reagents/Related Products

ALX-581-210

Revised 14-Feb-07

Cord Factor (endotoxin-free grade)
SYNONYMS	Trehalose 6,6’-dimycolate (endotoxin-free grade) TDM (endotoxin-free grade)
PRODUCT LINE	Immunology
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Immunomodulators Other Products

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-581-210-M001		1 mg	235.00 USD

Product Specification

CAS NUMBER:	61512-20-7
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from M. tuberculosis.
PURITY:	Single spot (TLC)
FORMULATION:	Lyophilized.
ENDOTOXIN CONTENT:	<0.002EU/µg (LAL test; BioWhittaker)
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in chloroform:methanol:water (90:10:1) (5mg/ml), hexane or isopropanol.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C

Product Description

Immunomodulatory compound. Induces activation of macrophages independent of TLR2 or TLR4.

Product Specific Literature References

The chemical structure of the cord factor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: H. Noll, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 20, 299 (1956) Abstract
Development of a trehalose 6,6’-dimycolate model which explains cord formation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis: C.A. Behling, et al.; Infect. Immun. 61, 2296 (1993) Abstract
Extravascular coagulation and fibrinolysis in murine lung inflammation induced by the mycobacterial cord factor trehalose-6,6’-dimycolate: R.L. Perez, et al.; Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 149, 510 (1994) Abstract
Immunological properties of trehalose dimycolate (cord factor) and other mycolic acid-containing glycolipids: R. Ryll, et al.; Microbiol. Immunol. 45, 801 (2001), Review Abstract
Mycobacterial glycolipid cord factor trehalose 6,6’-dimycolate causes a decrease in serum cortisol during the granulomatous response: J.K. Actor, et al.; Neuroimmunomodulation 10, 270 (2002) Abstract
Influence of trehalose 6,6’-dimycolate (TDM) during mycobacterial infection of bone marrow macrophages: J. Indrigo, et al.; Microbiology 148, 1991 (2002) Abstract
Cord factor trehalose 6,6’-dimycolate (TDM) mediates trafficking events during mycobacterial infection of murine macrophages: J. Indrigo, et al.; Microbiology 149, 2049 (2003) Abstract
Failure of CD1D-/- mice to elicit hypersensitive granulomas to mycobacterial cord factor trehalose 6,6’-dimycolate: T.V. Guidry, et al.; J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 24, 362 (2004) Abstract
Requisite role for complement C5 and the C5a receptor in granulomatous response to mycobacterial glycolipid trehalose 6,6’-dimycolate: C.W. Borders, et al.; Scand. J. Immunol. 62, 123 (2005) Abstract
In vivo activity of released cell wall lipids of Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin is due principally to trehalose mycolates: R.E. Geisel, et al.; J. Immunol. 174, 5007 (2005) Abstract
Macrophage scavenger receptor down-regulates mycobacterial cord factor-induced proinflammatory cytokine production by alveolar and hepatic macrophages: Y. Ozeki, et al.; Microb. Pathog. 40, 171 (2006) Abstract
Interferon-gamma independent formation of pulmonary granuloma in mice by injections with trehalose dimycolate (cord factor), lipoarabinomannan and phosphatidylinositol mannosides isolated from Mycobacterium tuberculosis: H. Takimoto, et al.; Clin. Exp. Immunol. 144, 134 (2006) Abstract

General Information

BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION

In vitro stimulation of macrophages
Purified Cord Factor was used to stimulate either mouse RAW 264.7 cells or bone marrow-derived macrophages. Cord Factor was suspended at a concentration of 1mg/ml in isopropanol and sonicated in a bath sonicator for 5 min. This suspension was incubated at 60°C for 10 min. and sonication repeated. The resulting solution was layered onto 24-well tissue culture plates at the indicated concentrations and incubated at 37°C in order to ensure complete evaporation of the solvent. Control wells were layered with solvent without Cord Factor and incubated at 37°C. To this layer of Cord Factor, either RAW 264.7 cells or bone marrow-derived macrophages were added at a concentration of 10⁶ cells in 100µl of medium and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours before activation e.g. TNF-α production was measured in the supernatant.
Alternatively, Cord Factor was suspended at a concentration of 0.2 or 2mg/ml in hexane. Of the resulting solution 50µl were layered onto 96-well tissue culture plates at the indicated concentrations of 1 or 10µg/well, respectively and the solvent completely evaporated. Control wells were layered with solvent without Cord Factor and incubated at 37°C. To this layer of Cord Factor, either RAW 264.7 cells or bone marrow-derived macrophages were added at a concentration of 10⁶ cells in 100µl of medium and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours before activation e.g. TNF-α production was measured in the supernatant.

In vivo pulmonary granuloma formation in mice
For in vivo experiments 10µg Cord Factor per mouse were applied i.v. in a water/oil/water emulsion.

Please also see our Product Flyer "Cord Factor - Endotoxin-free grade".

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Fatty Acids

ALX-522-102

Revised 27-Mar-08

CTRP5 (mouse) (recombinant)
SYNONYMS	C1q Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-related Protein 5, Soluble (mouse) (recombinant) C1qTNF5, Soluble (mouse) (recombinant)
PRODUCT LINE	Obesity & Adipokines
PRODUCT CATEGORY	C1q Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha-related Proteins [CTRPs]

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-522-102-C010		10 µg	290.00 USD

Product Specification

SOURCE/HOST:	Produced in E. coli. Recombinant mouse CTRP5 (aa 16-243) is fused at the N-terminus to a linker peptide (14 aa) and a FLAG^®-tag.
CONCENTRATION:	0.1mg/ml after reconstitution.
PURITY:	≥95% (SDS-PAGE)
FORMULATION:	Lyophilized. Contains PBS.
ENDOTOXIN CONTENT:	<0.1EU/µg purified protein (LAL test; Bio Whittaker).
RECONSTITUTION:	Reconstitute with 100µl sterile water. Further dilutions should be made with medium containing 5% fetal calf serum.
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
USE/STABILITY:	Stable for at least 6 months after receipt when stored at -20°C.
HANDLING:	Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. After reconstitution, prepare aliquots and store at -20°C.

General Information

CTRP5 is a member of the CTRP familly designated as C1q tumor necrosis factor-related proteins. The CTRPs are paralogs of the adiponectin protein caracterized by an N-termius variable region and C-terminal globular domain (C1q). CTRP5 is a putative secreted protein. A mutation in CTRP5 gene has been genetically linked to the Late-onset retinal degeneration (L-ORD) disease wich lead to severe visual loss.
BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION	Swiss-Prot link Q8K479: CTRP5 (mouse) FLAG is a registered trademark of Sigma-Aldrich Co.
MANUFACTURER	Manufactured by Apotech Corporation.

General Literature References

A family of Acrp30/adiponectin structural and functional paralogs: G.W. Wong, et al.; PNAS 101, 10302 (2004) Abstract
Mutation in a short-chain collagen gene, CTRP5, results in extracellular deposit formation in late-onset retinal degeneration: a genetic model for age-related macular degeneration: C. Hayward, et al.; Hum. Mol. Genet. 12, 2657 (2003) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Recombinant Proteins/Fusion Proteins

ALX-201-352

Revised 18-Mar-08

CTRP2 (Globular Domain) (human) (recombinant)
SYNONYMS	C1q Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-related Protein 2 (Globular Domain) (human) (recombinant) C1QTNF2 (Globular Domain) (human) (recombinant)
PRODUCT LINE	Obesity & Adipokines
PRODUCT CATEGORY	C1q Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha-related Proteins [CTRPs]

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-201-352-C010		10 µg	295.00 USD
ALX-201-352-C050		50 µg	795.00 USD

Product Specification

SOURCE/HOST:	Produced in HEK 293 cells. The globular domain of human CTRP2 (c1q tumor necrosis factor-α-related protein 2) (aa 144-285) is fused at the N-terminus to a FLAG^®-tag.
PURITY:	≥90% (SDS-PAGE)
FORMULATION:	Liquid. 0.2µm-filtered solution in PBS.
ENDOTOXIN CONTENT:	<0.1EU/µg protein (LAL-test).
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
USE/STABILITY:	Working aliquots are stable for up to 3 months when stored at -20°C.
HANDLING:	Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. After opening, prepare aliquots and store at -20°C.

General Information

BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION	Swiss-Prot link Q9BXJ5: CTRP2 (human) FLAG is a registered trademark of Sigma-Aldrich Co.
MANUFACTURER	Manufactured by AdipoGen, Inc.

General Literature References

A family of Acrp30/adiponectin structural and functional paralogs: G.W. Wong, et al.; PNAS 101, 10302 (2004) Abstract; Full Text

FORMULA:	C₁₂H₁₅ClO₃
MW:	242.7
CAS NUMBER:	637-07-0
MERCK INDEX:	14: 2377
PURITY:	≥98%
APPEARANCE:	Colorless oil.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO or 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+20°C
USE/STABILITY:	Solutions are stable for up to 6 months when stored at –20°C.