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Oxidative Stress
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ALX-385-001 Revised 08-Apr-08
Quercetin . dihydrate
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SYNONYMS 3,3',4',5,7-Pentahydroxyflavone . 2H2O
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Flavonoids / Related Products
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-385-001-G005   5 g 15.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-385-001-G025   25 g 45.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C15H10O7 . 2H2O
MW: 302.2 . 36.0
CAS NUMBER: 6151-25-3
MERCK INDEX: 14: 8034
RTECS: LK8950000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Sophora japonica L.
PURITY: ≥95% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: Yellow powder with a green or brown cast.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol or 1M sodium hydroxide; almost insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +20°C
HAZARD: MAY BE MUTAGENIC. TOXIC.

Product Description
Antioxidant flavonoid. Inhibitor of mitochondrial ATPase, cAMP- and cGMP-phosphodiesterases. Inhibitor of protein tyrosine kinases and protein kinase C (PKC). Induces apoptosis. Blocks cells at the G0/G1 interface. Activator of human deacetylase SIRT1. Reversible inhibitor of fatty acid synthase (FAS). Inhibits the production of the inflammatory mediators nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α and IL-12 in activated macrophages.
Product Specific Literature References
Effects of quercetin and F1 inhibitor on mitochondrial ATPase and energy-linked reactions in submitochondrial particles: D.R. Lang & E. Racker; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 333, 180 (1974)
Flavonoid compounds are potent inhibitors of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase: A. Beretz, et al.; Experientia 34, 1054 (1978) Abstract
Flavonoids are selective cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase inhibitors: M. Ruckstuhl, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 28, 535 (1979) Abstract
The effect of quercetin on the phosphorylation activity of the Rous sarcoma virus transforming gene product in vitro and in vivo: Y. Graziani, et al.; Eur. J. Biochem. 135, 583 (1983) Abstract
Inhibition of the calcium- and phospholipid-dependent protein kinase activity from mouse brain cytosol by quercetin: M. Gschwendt, et al.; BBRC 117, 444 (1983) Abstract
Tyrosine protein kinase activity in the DMBA-induced rat mammary tumor: inhibition by quercetin: J. Levy, et al.; BBRC 123, 1227 (1984) Abstract
The phospholipid- and calcium-dependent protein kinase as a target in tumor chemotherapy: H. Grunicke, et al.; Adv. Enzyme Regul. 28, 201 (1989) Abstract
Induction of apoptosis by quercetin: involvement of heat shock protein: Y.Q. Wei, et al.; Cancer Res. 54, 4952 (1994) Abstract
Multiple effects of tyrosine kinase inhibitors on vascular smooth muscle contraction: C.M. Filipeanu, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 281, 29 (1995) Abstract
Structure-antioxidant activity relationships of flavonoids and phenolic acids: C.A. Rice-Evans, et al.; Free Radical Biol. & Med. 20, 933 (1996), (Review) Abstract
Molecular mechanisms in the antiproliferative action of quercetin: B. Csokay, et al.; Life Sci. 60, 2157 (1997) Abstract
Modulation of the heat-induced activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase by quercetin: Y. Nagasaka & K. Nakamura; Biochem. Pharmacol. 56, 1151 (1998) Abstract
Quercetin-induced apoptosis in colorectal tumor cells: possible role of EGF receptor signaling: M. Richter, et al.; Nutr. Cancer 34, 88 (1999) Abstract
Quercetin and anti-CD95(Fas/Apo1) enhance apoptosis in HPB-ALL cell line: M. Russo, et al.; FEBS Lett. 462, 322 (1999) Abstract
The effect of quercetin on induction of apoptosis: J. Rzymowska, et al.; Folia Histochem. Cytobiol. 37, 125 (1999) Abstract
Quercetin, coenzyme Q10, and L-canavanine as protective agents against lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide generation in endotoxin-induced shock in rat brain: H.M. Abd El-Gawad & A.E. Khalifa; Pharmacol. Res. 43, 257 (2001) Abstract
Small molecule activators of sirtuins extend Saccharomyces cerevisiae lifespan: K.T. Howitz, et al.; Nature 425, 191 (2003)
Presence of fatty acid synthase inhibitors in the rhizome of Alpinia officinarum hance: B.H. Li and W.X. Tian; J. Enzyme Inhib. Med. Chem. 18, 349 (2003) Abstract
Inhibitory effects of the flavonoids isolated from Waltheria indica on the production of NO, TNF-alpha and IL-12 in activated macrophages: Y.K. Rao, et al.; Biol. Pharm. Bull. 28, 912 (2005) Abstract
Pharmacological inhibitors of Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN)--catalyzed endogenous fatty acid biogenesis: a new family of anti-cancer agents?: R. Lupu & J. A. Menendez; Curr. Pharm. Biotechnol. 7, 483 (2006), (Review) Abstract
Onions: a source of unique dietary flavonoids: R. Slimestad, et al.; J. Agric. Food Chem. 55, 10067 (2007) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
PKC Inhibitors • Active Substances from Fruit and Vegetables • Natural Products - ATPase Inhibitors • Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents • Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors • Fatty Acid Synthase [FAS] / Related Products • Cell Cycle Blockers & Inhibitors / Related Products • Phosphodiesterases / Related Products • Natural Products - Antioxidants • Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • Natural Products - Nitric Oxide Pathway Modulators
 
 
ALX-270-125 Revised 25-Apr-08
Resveratrol
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SYNONYMS trans-3,4’,5-Trihydroxystilbene
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Antioxidants
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-270-125-M050   50 mg 36.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-125-M100   100 mg 50.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-125-M250   250 mg 95.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C14H12O3
MW: 228.2
CAS NUMBER: 501-36-0
MERCK INDEX: 14: 8158
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Polygonum cuspidatum.
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY: ~65mg/ml soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol or dimethyl formamide; slightly soluble in PBS, pH 7.2 (~100 µg/ml).
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: IRRITANT.

Product Description
Shows cancer chemopreventive activity. Specific inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1). Inhibits the hydroperoxidase activity of COX-1. Antioxidant. Potent activator of human deacetylase SIRT1. Protects against 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) induced oxidative stress and apoptosis.
Product Specific Literature References
Vasorelaxing activity of resveratrol and quercetin in isolated rat aorta: C.K. Chen, et al.; Gen. Pharmacol. 27, 363 (1996) Abstract
Cancer chemopreventive activity of resveratrol, a natural product derived from grapes: M. Jang, et al.; Science 275, 218 (1997) Abstract
Cancer chemopreventive activity of resveratrol: M. Jang & J.M. Pezzuto; Drugs Exp. Clin. Res. 25, 65 (1999) Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis determination, synthesis, and stability of resveratrol and related 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosides: V. Brandolini, et al.; J. Agric. Food Chem. 50, 7407 (2002) Abstract
Small molecule activators of sirtuins extend Saccharomyces cerevisiae lifespan: K.T. Howitz, et al.; Nature 425, 191 (2003) Abstract
Resveratrol protects against 4-HNE induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts: O. Kutuk, et al.; Biofactors 20, 1 (2004) Abstract
Resveratrol, a polyphenol found in grapes, suppresses oxidative damage and stimulates apoptosis during early colonic inflammation in rats: A.R. Martin, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 67, 1399 (2004) Abstract
Resveratrol interferes with AKT activity and triggers apoptosis in human uterine cancer cells: E. Sexton, et al.; Mol. Cancer 5, 45 (2006) Abstract
Resveratrol and its analogs: Defense against cancer, coronary disease and neurodegenerative maladies or just a fad?: P. Saiko, et al.; Mutat. Res. 658, 68 (2008) Abstract
Related Products
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Natural Products - Chemopreventive Agents • Active Substances from Fruit and Vegetables • Sirtuins / Related Products • COX Inhibitors
 
 
ALX-270-253 Revised 18-Mar-08
Rosmarinic acid
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SYNONYMS (R)-α-[[3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2E-propenyl]oxy]-3,4-dihydroxy-benzenepropanoic acid
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Antioxidants
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ALX-270-253-M010   10 mg 20.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-253-M050   50 mg 80.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C18H16O8
MW: 360.3
CAS NUMBER: 537-15-5, 20283-92-5
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Rosmarinus officinalis.
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to brown solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol, DMSO or dimethyl formamide; also soluble in PBS.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +20°C

Product Description
Naturally occurring polyphenolic compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Anticarcinogenic. Inhibitor of lipid peroxidation, TCR-induced T cell activation and proliferation.
Product Specific Literature References
Modification of endotoxin-induced haemodynamic and haematological changes in the rabbit by methylprednisolone, F(ab')2 fragments and rosmarinic acid: H. Bult, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 84, 317 (1985) Abstract
Complement-dependent stimulation of prostacyclin biosynthesis: inhibition by rosmarinic acid: M. Rampart, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 35, 1397 (1986) Abstract
Studies on the activities of tannins and related compounds, X. Effects of caffeetannins and related compounds on arachidonate metabolism in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes: Y. Kimura, et al.; J. Nat. Prod. 50, 392 (1987) Abstract
Protective action of seven natural phenolic compounds against peroxidative damage to biomembranes: G.T. Liu, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 43, 147 (1992) Abstract
Metabolism of rosmarinic acid in rats: T. Nakazawa & K. Ohsawa; J. Nat. Prod. 61, 993 (1998) Abstract
Rosmarinic acid inhibits TCR-induced T cell activation and proliferation in an Lck-dependent manner: J. Won, et al.; Eur. J. Immunol. 33, 870 (2003) Abstract
Rosmarinic acid inhibits Ca2+-dependent pathways of T-cell antigen receptor-mediated signaling by inhibiting the PLC-gamma 1 and Itk activity: M.A. Kang, et al.; Blood 101, 3534 (2003) Abstract
Rosmarinic acid inhibits epidermal inflammatory responses: anticarcinogenic effect of Perilla frutescens extract in the murine two-stage skin model: N. Osakabe, et al.; Carcinogenesis 25, 549 (2004) Abstract
Effects of rosmarinic acid against aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin-A-induced cell damage in a human hepatoma cell line (Hep G2): C. Renzulli, et al.; J. Appl. Toxicol. 24, 289 (2004) Abstract
Rosmarinic acid inhibits angiogenesis and its mechanism of action in vitro: S.S. Huang & R.L. Zheng; Cancer Lett. 239, 271 (2006) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Lipid Peroxidation • T Cell Regulation Other Products • Active Substances from Fruit and Vegetables • Natural Products - Antitumor Reagents • Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents • Antitumor Agents (Anti-proliferative)
 
 
ALX-350-360 Revised 28-May-08
Rotenone
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Other Toxins
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-350-360-G001   1 g 45.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-360-G005   5 g 125.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C23H22O6
MW: 394.4
CAS NUMBER: 83-79-4
MERCK INDEX: 14: 8271
RTECS: DJ2800000
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic. Originally isolated from Lonchocarpus sp. or Derris sp.
PURITY: ≥98% (Assay)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO or 100% ethanol; slightly soluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: TOXIC.

Product Description
Insecticide. Inhibitor of mitochondrial electron transport. Specifically inhibits NAD-linked substrate oxidation at the oxygen side of NADH dehydrogenase (EC50=10pmol/mg). Inhibits mammalian cell proliferation by inhibiting microtubule assembly through tubulin binding.
Product Specific Literature References
Metabolism of rotenone in vitro by tissue homogenates from mammals and insects: J.I. Fukami, et al.; Science 155, 713 (1967) Abstract
[3H]dihydrorotenone binding to NADH: ubiquinone reductase (complex I) of the electron transport chain: an autoradiographic study: D.S. Higgins, Jr. & J.T. Greenamyre; J. Neurosci. 16, 3807 (1996) Abstract; Full Text
Rotenone induces oxidative stress and dopaminergic neuron damage in organotypic substantia nigra cultures: C.M. Testa, et al.; Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 134, 109 (2005) Abstract; Full Text
Fatality after deliberate ingestion of the pesticide rotenone: a case report: D.M. Wood, et al.; Crit Care 9, R280 (2005) Abstract; Full Text
Neurotrophic factors stabilize microtubules and protect against rotenone toxicity on dopaminergic neurons: Q. Jiang, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 281, 29391 (2006) Abstract
Identification of novel proteins affected by rotenone in mitochondria of dopaminergic cells: J. Jin, et al.; BMC Neurosci. 8, 67 (2007) Abstract; Full Text
Rotenone inhibits mammalian cell proliferation by inhibiting microtubule assembly through tubulin binding: P. Srivastava & D. Panda; FEBS J. 274, 4788 (2007) Abstract
Protection by the NDI1 Gene against Neurodegeneration in a Rotenone Rat Model of Parkinson’s Disease: M. Marella, et al.; PLoS ONE 3, e1433 (2008) Abstract; Full Text
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Apoptosome Other Products • Natural Products for Cytoskeletal Research • Respiratory Chain Other Products • Pesticides / Related Products
 
 
ALX-430-102 Revised 04-Jun-08
RSSR
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SYNONYMS bis-(2,2,5,5-Tetramethyl-3-imidazoline-1-oxyl-4-yl)disulfide, biradical
PRODUCT LINE Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY Spin Traps, Spin Probes & Spin Labels
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-430-102-M010   10 mg 70.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-430-102-M025   25 mg 140.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-430-102-M050   50 mg 240.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C14H24N4O2S2
MW: 344.5
PURITY: ≥97% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: Off-white to yellow powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO, water, 100% ethanol or methanol; DMSO is recommended for stock solution.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON DRY ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.

Product Description

Cell permeable supersensitive spin label (detection limit varies from 10nM to 100nM) for quick detection of reduced thiols using ESR. Allows following the reactions of sulfhydryl groups with RSSR to form thiol spin label adducts, for the monitoring of intracellular redox states of glutathione and other thiols.
Product Specific Literature References
Quantitative determination of SH groups in low- and high-molecular-weight compounds by an electron spin resonance method: V.V. Khramtsov, et al.; Anal. Biochem. 182, 58 (1989) Abstract
Quantitative determination of thiol groups in low and high molecular weight compounds by electron paramagnetic resonance: L.M. Weiner; Meth. Enzymol. 251, 87 (1995) Abstract
Quantitative determination and reversible modification of thiols using imidazolidine biradical disulfide label: V.V. Khramtsov, et al.; J. Biochem. Biophys. Methods 35, 115 (1997) Abstract
Use of imidazoline nitroxides in studies of chemical reactions. ESR measurements of the concentration and reactivity of protons, thiols and nitric oxide.: V.V. Khramtsov & L. B. Volodarsky; Spin labeling. The next Millennium. 145, 109 (1998)
Unique in vivo applications of spin traps: L.J. Berliner, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 30, 489 (2001) Abstract
In vitro and in vivo measurement of pH and thiols by EPR-based techniques: V.V. Khramtsov, et al.; Antioxid. Redox. Signal. 6, 667 (2004) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Free Radicals / Related Products
 
 
ALX-350-324 Revised 30-May-07
Rubellin D
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Plant Research Reagents
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ALX-350-324-M001   1 mg 110.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C30H22O10
MW: 542.5
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from fungus Ramularia collo-cygni.
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: Red powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in tetrahydrofuran, n-propanol, methanol, ethyl acetate, DMSO or chloroform.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C

Product Description
Phytotoxin. Triggers the light-dependent production of reactive oxygen species and α-linolenic acid peroxidation.
Product Specific Literature References
Secondary mould metabolites. XX. The structure of rubellins C and D, two novel anthraquinone metabolites from Mycosphae-rella rubella: A. Arnone et al.; Gazz. Chim. Ital. 119, 35 (1989)
Photodynamic oxygen activation by rubellin D, a phytotoxin produced by Ramularia collo-cygni (Sutton et Waller): I. Heiser et al.; Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 62, 29 (2003)
The phytopathogenic fungus Ramularia collo-cygni produces biologically active rubellins on infected barley leaves: S. Miethbauer et al.; J. Phytopathol. 151, 665 (2003)
Fatty acid peroxidation by rubellin B, C, and D, phytotoxins produced by Ramularia collo-cygni (Sutton et Waller): I. Heiser et al.; Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 64, 135 (2004)
Biosynthesis of photodynamically active rubellins and structure elucidation of new anthraquinone derivatives produced by Ramularia collo-cygni: S. Miethbauer, et al.; Phytochemistry 67, 1206 (2006) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Other Toxins • Lipid Peroxidation • Lipid Peroxidation • Plant Research Reagents / Related Products
 
 
ALX-460-028 Revised 24-Oct-07
Rutin . trihydrate
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SYNONYMS Quercetin-3-rutinoside . 3H2O
Vitamin P
3,3',4',5,7-Pentahydroxyflavone-3-rutinoside . 3H2O
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Flavonoids / Related Products
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ALX-460-028-G005   5 g 15.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C27H30O16 . 3H2O
MW: 610.5 . 54.0
CAS NUMBER: 153-18-4
MERCK INDEX: 14: 8304
PURITY: ≥99% (Assay)
APPEARANCE: Off-white to yellow powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in pyridine or alkaline solutions; slightly soluble in 100% ethanol; very slightly soluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: IRRITANT.

Product Description
Antioxidant flavonoid. Nitric oxide (NO) scavenger.
Product Specific Literature References
Flavonoids as scavengers of nitric oxide radical: S.A.B.E. Acker, et al.; BBRC 214, 755 (1995) Abstract
Structure-antioxidant activity relationships of flavonoids and phenolic acids: C.A. Rice-Evans, et al.; Free Radical Biol. & Med. 20, 933 (1996), (Review) Abstract
Antioxidant and chelating properties of flavonoids
: L.G. Korkina and I.B. Afanas´ev; Adv. Pharmacol. 38, 151 (1997) Abstract
Antimicrobial activity of flavonoids: T. P. Cushnie & A. J. Lamb; Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents 26, 343 (2005) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Nitric Oxide Scavengers • Natural Products - Chemopreventive Agents • Natural Products - Antioxidants • Natural Products - Nitric Oxide Pathway Modulators • Active Substances from Fruit and Vegetables
 
 
ALX-270-428 Revised 25-Feb-08
Salubrinal
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PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY Phosphatases Other Products
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ALX-270-428-M001   1 mg 30.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-428-M005   5 mg 110.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C21H20Cl3N4OS
MW: 479.8
CAS NUMBER: 405060-95-9
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO (10mg/ml).
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Product may darken when exposed to air. Stock solutions are stable for up to 3 months when stored at -20°C.
HANDLING: Protect from light. Keep under inert gas.

Product Description
Cell permeable and selective inhibitor of the phosphatase complexes that dephosphorylate eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit α (eIF-2α). Protects ER stress-induced apoptosis (EC50~15µM in PC12 cells stimulated with 750ng/ml of tunicamycin (Prod. No. ALX-380-047)).
Product Specific Literature References
A selective inhibitor of eIF2alpha dephosphorylation protects cells from ER stress: M. Boyce, et al.; Science 307, 935 (2005) Abstract
A pharmacoproteomic approach implicates eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase in ER stress-induced cell death: M. Boyce, et al.; Cell Death Differ. 15, 589 (2008)