ALEXIS Biochemicals: Trimethylammonio-PTIO . methylsulfate

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ALX-430-091

Revised 11-Aug-08

POBN (high purity)
SYNONYMS	α-(4-Pyridyl 1-oxide)-N-tert-butylnitrone
PRODUCT LINE	Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Spin Traps, Spin Probes & Spin Labels

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-430-091-M500		500 mg	125.00 USD
ALX-430-091-G001		1 g	205.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₁₀H₁₄N₂O₂
MW:	194.2
CAS NUMBER:	66893-81-0
PURITY:	≥99% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO, water, methanol or 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
IDENTITY:	Determined by ¹H-NMR.

Product Description

Cell permeable hydrophilic spin trap for both in vivo and in vitro studies. Water soluble analog of PBN (Prod. No. ALX-430-082). Low paramagnetic impurities. No further purification required.

Product Specific Literature References

Two decades of spin trapping: E.G. Janzen & D.L. Hare; Adv. Radic. Chem. 1, 253 (1990)
In vitro and in vivo evidence for the formation of methyl radical from procarbazine: a spin-trapping study: L. Goria-Gatti, et al.; Carcinogenesis 13, 799 (1992) Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids increase lipid radical formation induced by oxidant stress in endothelial cells: L.S. Alexander-North, et al.; J. Lipid Res. 35, 1773 (1994) Abstract
The spin trap alpha-(4-pyridyl-1-oxide)-N-tert-butylnitrone stimulates peroxidase-mediated oxidation of deferoxamine. Implications for pharmacological use of spin-trapping agents: M.L. McCormick, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 270, 29265 (1995) Abstract; Full Text
Identification of free radical formation and F2-isoprostanes in vivo by acute Cr(VI) poisoning: M.B. Kadiiska, et al.; Chem. Res. Toxicol. 11, 1516 (1998) Abstract
Involvement of inducible nitric oxide synthase in hydroxyl radical-mediated lipid peroxidation in streptozotocin-induced diabetes: K. Stadler, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. Epub ahead of print, (2008) Abstract

ALX-210-530

Revised 09-Nov-07

Polyclonal Antibody to DMPO
PRODUCT LINE	Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Spin Traps, Spin Probes & Spin Labels

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-210-530-R100		100 µl	290.00 USD

Product Specification

SOURCE/HOST:	From rabbit.
FORMULATION:	Liquid. Contains no stabilizers or preservatives.
IMMUNOGEN:	DMPO-octanoic acid conjugated to ovalbumin.
SPECIFICITY:	Recognizes DMPO (Prod. No. ALX-430-090), DMPO-octanoic acid and DMPO-protein adducts. Does not cross react with non-adducted proteins.
APPLICATION:	ELISA: 1:5'000. Reactive against DMPO-protein adducts in dilutions of 1:100-10'000 followed by reaction with alkaline phosphatase conjugated, affinity purified anti-rabbit IgG (goat). Western Blot: 1:5'000. Optimal conditions must be determined individually for each application.
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON DRY ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-80°C
HANDLING:	Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. After opening, prepare aliquots and store at -80°C. Dilute only prior to immediate use.

Product Specific Literature References

Immunological identification of the heart myoglobin radical formed by hydrogen peroxide: C.D. Detweiler, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 33, 364 (2002) Abstract
Immunochemical detection of hemoglobin-derived radicals formed by reaction with hydrogen peroxide: involvement of a protein-tyrosyl radical: D.C. Ramirez, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 34, 830 (2003) Abstract
UVA-ketoprofen-induced hemoglobin radicals detected by immuno-spin trapping: Y.Y. He, et al.; Photochem. Photobiol. 77, 585 (2003) Abstract
Reaction of human hemoglobin with peroxynitrite. Isomerization to nitrate and secondary formation of protein radicals: N. Romero, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 278, 44049 (2003) Abstract
Identification of free radicals on hemoglobin from its self-peroxidation using mass spectrometry and immuno-spin trapping: observation of a histidinyl radical: L. Deterding; J. Biol. Chem. 279, 11600 (2004) Abstract
Using anti-5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (anti-DMPO) to detect protein radicals in time and space with immuno-spin trapping: R.P. Mason; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 36, 1214 (2004) Abstract
Protein radical formation during lactoperoxidase-mediated oxidation of the suicide substrate glutathione: immunochemical detection of a lactoperoxidase radical-derived 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide nitrone adduct: Q. Guo, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 279, 13272 (2004) Abstract
Involvement of protein radical, protein aggregation, and effects on NO metabolism in the hypochlorite-mediated oxidation of mitochondrial cytochrome c: Y.R. Chen, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 37, 1591 (2004) Abstract
Novel identification of a sulfur-centered, radical-derived 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide nitrone adduct formed from the oxidation of DTT by LC/ELISA, LC/electrospray ionization-MS, and LC/tandem MS: Q. Guo, et al.; Chem. Res. Toxicol. 17, 1481 (2004) Abstract
Mechanism of hydrogen peroxide-induced Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase-centered radical formation as explored by immuno-spin trapping: the role of copper- and carbonate radical anion-mediated oxidations: D.C. Ramirez, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 38, 201 (2005) Abstract
Copper-catalyzed protein oxidation and its modulation by carbon dioxide: enhancement of protein radicals in cells: D.C. Ramirez, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 280, 27402 (2005) Abstract
Identification of the myoglobin tyrosyl radical by immuno-spin trapping and its dimerization: C.D. Detweiler, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 38, 969 (2005) Abstract
Immuno-spin trapping: detection of protein-centered radicals: D.C. Ramirez, et al.; Curr. Prot. in Toxicology 2, 17.7.1 (2005)
Cytochrome c acts as a cardiolipin oxygenase required for release of proapoptotic factors: V.E. Kagan, et al.; Nat. Chem. Biol. 1, 223 (2005) Abstract
Superoxide generation from mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase induces self-inactivation with specific protein radical formation: Y.R. Chen, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 280, 37339 (2005) Abstract; Full Text
Immunochemical detection of nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide trapping of the tyrosyl radical and the resulting nitrotyrosine in sperm whale myoglobin: K. Nakai and R.P. Mason; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 39, 1050 (2005) Abstract
Immuno-spin trapping of DNA radicals: D.C. Ramirez, et al.; Nat. Methods 3, 123 (2006) Abstract
Immuno-spin trapping of hemoglobin and myoglobin radicals derived from nitrite-mediated oxidation: A. Keszler, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 40, 507 (2006) Abstract
Immuno-spin trapping: A breakthrough for sensitive detection of protein-derived radicals: R. Radi, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 41, 416 (2006)
Protein radical formation on thyroid peroxidase during turnover: M. Ehrenshaft, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 41, 422 (2006)
Immunolocalization of hypochlorite-induced, catalase-bound free radical formation in mouse hepatocytes: M.G. Bonini et al.; Free Rad. Biol. Med. 42, 530 (2007)
Mitochondrial Complex II in the Post-ischemic Heart: Oxidative injury and the role or protein S-Glutathionylation: Y.R. Chen, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 282, 32640 (2007) Abstract; Full Text

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Polyclonal Antibodies • DNA Damage & Repair Other Products

ALX-430-080

Revised 31-Mar-08

PPH . hydrochloride
SYNONYMS	1-Hydroxy-4-phosphono-oxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine . HCl
PRODUCT LINE	Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Spin Traps, Spin Probes & Spin Labels

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-430-080-M010		10 mg	90.00 USD
ALX-430-080-M050		50 mg	315.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₉H₂₀NO₅P . HCl
MW:	253.2 . 36.5
PURITY:	≥99% (EPR)
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white solid.
PURITY DETAIL:	≤0.1% paramagnetic impurities (EPR)
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol, methanol or water.
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C

Product Description

Effective, non-cell permeable and non-toxic analog of CPH for the detection of superoxide radicals. Resistant against reduction of vitamin C. For cell permeable analog see CPH (Prod. No. ALX-430-078).

Product Specific Literature References

Detection of superoxide radicals and peroxynitrite by 1-hydroxy-4- phosphonooxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine: quantification of extracellular superoxide radicals formation: S. Dikalov, et al.; BBRC 248, 211 (1998) Abstract
A new approach for extracellular spin trapping of nitroglycerin-induced superoxide radicals both in vitro and in vivo: B. Fink, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 28, 121 (2000) Abstract
Noninvasive diagnostic tool for inflammation-induced oxidative stress using electron spin resonance spectroscopy and an extracellular cyclic hydroxylamine: S.I. Dikalov, et al.; Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 402, 218 (2002) Abstract
Rotenone model of Parkinson disease: multiple brain mitochondria dysfunctions after short term systemic rotenone intoxication: A. Panov, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 280, 42026 (2005) Abstract
Molecular Mechanisms of Angiotensin II Mediated Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Linking Mitochondrial Oxidative Damage and Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction: A.K. Doughan, et al.; Circ. Res. 102, 488 (2008) Abstract

General Information

BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION

The stabilized acid form of PPH is not well soluble at neutral pH (~0.1-0.01%). It is recommended to adjust pH to 7.4 for higher solubility. Dissolve PPH in oxygen-free buffers at neutral pH and use 1M NaOH to adjust pH to 7.4. Solubility is 1% in water, 0.8% in methanol or 0.5% in ethanol at pH 7.4. Solubility is 3% in DMSO at pH 7.4 (first add NaOH to PPH crystals then DMSO). Higher concentrations require further pH adjustment using NaOH.

ALX-430-145

Revised 25-Apr-07

PTMIO, free radical
SYNONYMS	4-Phenyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-3-imidazoline-1-oxyl nitroxide
PRODUCT LINE	Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Free Radicals/Related Products

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-430-145-M050		50 mg	45.00 USD
ALX-430-145-M250		250 mg	180.00 USD
ALX-430-145-G001		1 g	510.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₁₃H₁₇N₂O
MW:	217.3
CAS NUMBER:	39753-69-0
PURITY:	≥99% (¹H-NMR, EPR)
APPEARANCE:	Orange solid.
PURITY DETAIL:	No paramagnectic impurities detected by EPR.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in 100% ethanol, DMSO, acetone, chloroform or hexane. Insoluble in water.
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C

Product Description

Free radical similar to 4-Amino-TEMPO (Prod. No. ALX-400-019) and 3-Carboxy-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-
pyrrolidine-1-oxyl (Prod. No. ALX-400-018), but more lipophilic than the former compounds. May be useful for membrane dynamic studies.

Product Specific Literature References

Probing the intracellular redox status of tumors with magnetic resonance imaging and redox-sensitive contrast agents: F. Hyodo, et al.; Cancer Res. 66, 9921 (2006) Abstract

General Literature References

Neuroprotective effects of the stable nitroxide compound Tempol on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion-induced neurotoxicity in the Nerve Growth Factor-differentiated model of pheochromocytoma PC12 cells: T. Lipman, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 549, 50 (2006) Abstract
Determining the topology of integral membrane peptides using EPR spectroscopy: J.J. Inbaraj, et al.; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128, 9549 (2006) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Spin Traps, Spin Probes & Spin Labels

ALX-430-102

Revised 04-Jun-08

RSSR
SYNONYMS	bis-(2,2,5,5-Tetramethyl-3-imidazoline-1-oxyl-4-yl)disulfide, biradical
PRODUCT LINE	Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Spin Traps, Spin Probes & Spin Labels

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-430-102-M010		10 mg	70.00 USD
ALX-430-102-M025		25 mg	140.00 USD
ALX-430-102-M050		50 mg	240.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₁₄H₂₄N₄O₂S₂
MW:	344.5
PURITY:	≥97% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	Off-white to yellow powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO, water, 100% ethanol or methanol; DMSO is recommended for stock solution.
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON DRY ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light.

Product Description

Cell permeable supersensitive spin label (detection limit varies from 10nM to 100nM) for quick detection of reduced thiols using ESR. Allows following the reactions of sulfhydryl groups with RSSR to form thiol spin label adducts, for the monitoring of intracellular redox states of glutathione and other thiols.

Product Specific Literature References

Quantitative determination of SH groups in low- and high-molecular-weight compounds by an electron spin resonance method: V.V. Khramtsov, et al.; Anal. Biochem. 182, 58 (1989) Abstract
Quantitative determination of thiol groups in low and high molecular weight compounds by electron paramagnetic resonance: L.M. Weiner; Meth. Enzymol. 251, 87 (1995) Abstract
Quantitative determination and reversible modification of thiols using imidazolidine biradical disulfide label: V.V. Khramtsov, et al.; J. Biochem. Biophys. Methods 35, 115 (1997) Abstract
Use of imidazoline nitroxides in studies of chemical reactions. ESR measurements of the concentration and reactivity of protons, thiols and nitric oxide.: V.V. Khramtsov & L. B. Volodarsky; Spin labeling. The next Millennium. 145, 109 (1998)
Unique in vivo applications of spin traps: L.J. Berliner, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 30, 489 (2001) Abstract
In vitro and in vivo measurement of pH and thiols by EPR-based techniques: V.V. Khramtsov, et al.; Antioxid. Redox. Signal. 6, 667 (2004) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Free Radicals/Related Products

ALX-430-081

Revised 22-May-08

TEMPOL
SYNONYMS	4-OH-TEMPO 4-Hydroxy-TEMPO 4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxy, free radical
PRODUCT LINE	Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Spin Traps, Spin Probes & Spin Labels

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-430-081-M250		250 mg	15.00 USD
ALX-430-081-M500		500 mg	25.00 USD
ALX-430-081-G001		1 g	38.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₉H₁₈NO₂
MW:	172.2
CAS NUMBER:	2226-96-2
PURITY:	≥98% (HPLC, EPR)
APPEARANCE:	Yellow to orange crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water, 100% ethanol, methanol or DMSO.
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light.

Product Description

Free radical scavenger useful for both in vivo and in vitro experiments.

Product Specific Literature References

Measurement of intracellular oxygen concentration using the spin label TEMPOL: P.D. Morse, 2nd & H.M. Swartz; Magn. Reson. Med. 2, 114 (1985) Abstract
Inhibition of oxygen-dependent radiation-induced damage by the nitroxide superoxide dismutase mimic, tempol: J.B. Mitchell, et al.; Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 289, 62 (1991) Abstract
Tempol, a stable free radical, is a novel murine radiation protector: S.M. Hahn, et al.; Cancer Res. 52, 1750 (1992) Abstract
Protective effect of 4-hydroxy-TEMPO, a low molecular weight superoxide dismutase mimic, on free radical toxicity in experimental pancreatitis: Z. Sledzinski, et al.; Int. J. Pancreatol. 18, 153 (1995) Abstract
A novel antioxidant alleviates heat hyperalgesia in rats with an experimental painful peripheral neuropathy: M. Tal; Neuroreport 7, 1382 (1996) Abstract
Stable nitroxide radicals protect lipid acyl chains from radiation damage: A.M. Samuni & Y. Barenholz; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 22, 1165 (1997) Abstract
Tempol inhibits neutrophil and hydrogen peroxide-mediated DNA damage: S.M. Hahn, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 23, 879 (1997) Abstract
Effects of the superoxide dismutase-mimic compound TEMPOL on oxidant stress-mediated endothelial dysfunction: A.I. Haj-Yehia, et al.; Antioxid. Redox. Signal. 1, 221 (1999) Abstract
The nitroxide tempol induces oxidative stress, p21(WAF1/CIP1), and cell death in HL60 cells: M.B. Gariboldi, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 29, 633 (2000) Abstract
Nitroxide TEMPOL impairs mitochondrial function and induces apoptosis in HL60 cells: E. Monti, et al.; J. Cell. Biochem. 82, 271 (2001) Abstract
Spin trapping agents (Tempol and POBN) protect HepG2 cells overexpressing CYP2E1 against arachidonic acid toxicity: M.J. Perez & A.I. Cederbaum; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 30, 734 (2001) Abstract
Systemic arterial pressure response to two weeks of Tempol therapy in SHR: involvement of NO, the RAS, and oxidative stress: L. Yanes, et al.; Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr.Comp. Physiol. 288, R903 (2005) Abstract
Tempol, one of nitroxides, is a novel ultraviolet-A1 radiation protector for human dermal fibroblasts: S.X. Yan, et al.; J. Dermatol. Sci. 37, 137 (2005) Abstract
Cancer chemoprevention by the antioxidant tempol acts partially via the p53 tumor suppressor: L. Erker, et al.; Hum. Mol. Genet. 14, 1699 (2005) Abstract
Antioxidant enzymes and effects of tempol on the development of hypertension induced by nitric oxide inhibition: J. Sainz, et al.; Am. J. Hypertens. 18, 871 (2005) Abstract
Neuroprotective effects of TEMPOL in central and peripheral nervous system models of Parkinson’s disease: Q. Liang, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 70, 1371 (2005)
The role of oxidant stress in angiotensin II-mediated contraction of human resistance arteries in the state of health and the presence of cardiovascular disease: M.B. Hussain, et al.; Vascul. Pharmacol. 45, 395 (2006) Abstract
Acute effects of the superoxide dismutase mimetic tempol on split kidney function in two-kidney one-clip hypertensive rats: G.S. Guron, et al.; J. Hypertens. 24, 387 (2006) Abstract
The effects of tempol, 3-aminobenzamide and nitric oxide synthase inhibitors on acoustic injury of the mouse cochlea: H. Murashita, et al.; Hear. Res. 214, 1 (2006) Abstract
The nitroxide Tempol modulates anthracycline resistance in breast cancer cells: M.B. Gariboldi, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 40, 1409 (2006) Abstract
Probing the intracellular redox status of tumors with magnetic resonance imaging and redox-sensitive contrast agents: F. Hyodo, et al.; Cancer Res. 66, 9921 (2006) Abstract
Neuroprotective effects of the stable nitroxide compound Tempol on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion-induced neurotoxicity in the Nerve Growth Factor-differentiated model of pheochromocytoma PC12 cells: T. Lipman, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 549, 50 (2006) Abstract
A mitochondria-targeted nitroxide is reduced to its hydroxylamine by ubiquinol in mitochondria: J. Trnka, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 44, 1406 (2008) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Free Radicals/Related Products

ALX-430-079

Revised 19-Sep-06

TEMPONE
SYNONYMS	4-Oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl 4-Oxo-TEMPO
PRODUCT LINE	Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Spin Traps, Spin Probes & Spin Labels

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-430-079-M250		250 mg	15.00 USD
ALX-430-079-M500		500 mg	25.00 USD
ALX-430-079-G001		1 g	40.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₉H₁₆NO₂
MW:	170.2
CAS NUMBER:	2896-70-0
PURITY:	≥98%
APPEARANCE:	Orange crystalline powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in acetone, DMSO, diethylether, 100% ethanol or water.
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light.

Product Description

Spin trap, useful for both in vitro and in vivo experiments.

Product Specific Literature References

Cytotoxicity of commonly used nitroxide radical spin probes: E.G. Ankel, et al.; Life Sci. 40, 495 (1987) Abstract
Biologically active metal-independent superoxide dismutase mimics: J.B. Mitchell, et al.; Biochemistry 29, 2802 (1990) Abstract
Superoxide reaction with nitroxides: A. Samuni, et al.; Free Rad. Res. Commun. 9, 241 (1990) Abstract
Inhibition of oxygen-dependent radiation-induced damage by the nitroxide superoxide dismutase mimic, tempol: J.B. Mitchell, et al.; Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 289, 62 (1991) Abstract
Nitrone spin traps and a nitroxide antioxidant inhibit a common pathway of thymocyte apoptosis: A.F. Slater, et al.; Biochem. J. 306, 771 (1995) Abstract
Cytotoxicity of spin trapping compounds: R.F. Haseloff, et al.; FEBS Lett. 418, 73 (1997) Abstract
Characterization of the 4-oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinooxy dosimeter for in situ radiolysis electron spin resonance studies: K.P. Madden; Radiat. Res. 147, 335 (1997) Abstract
Metabolism of the stable nitroxyl radical 4-oxo-2,2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (TEMPONE): C. Kroll & H.H. Borchert; Eur. J. Pharm. Sci. 8, 5 (1999) Abstract

FORMULA:	C₉H₁₇NO₂ . HCl
MW:	171.2 . 36.5
APPEARANCE:	White crystalline powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO, water, methanol or 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
USE/STABILITY:	Stable for at least two years when stored at -20 °C.