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Oxidative Stress
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ALX-450-001 Revised 23-Jul-08
A23187 (free acid)
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SYNONYMS Calcium Ionophore A23187
Calcimycin
Antibiotic A23187
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics - Ionophores
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-450-001-M001   1 mg 28.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-450-001-M005   5 mg 65.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-450-001-5001   5x1 mg 80.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-450-001-M010   10 mg 92.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-450-001-M025   25 mg 195.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-450-001-M050   50 mg 350.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C29H37N3O6
MW: 523.6
CAS NUMBER: 52665-69-7
MERCK INDEX: 14: 1639
RTECS: DM4676000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces chartreusis.
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol or methylene chloride; slightly soluble in water. Solubilize in DMSO or ethanol prior to preparing aqueous solutions of very low concentrations.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
USE/STABILITY: In aqueous systems product may aggregate over time.
HANDLING: Protect from light. In aqueous systems, the product aggregates over time.
HAZARD: IRRITANT.

Product Description
Antibiotic possessing weak in vitro antimicrobial activity against gram positive bacteria and fungi. Divalent cation ionophore commonly used to increase intracellular Ca2+ levels in intact cells.
Product Specific Literature References
A23187: a divalent cation ionophore: P. W. Reed & H. A. Lardy; J. Biol. Chem. 247, 6970 (1972) Abstract
Effects of antibiotic ionophore, A23187, on oxidative phosphorylation and calcium transport of liver mitochondria: D.T. Wong, et al.; Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 156, 578 (1973) Abstract
Biological applications of ionophores: B.C. Pressman; Annu. Rev. Biochem. 45, 501 (1976), (Review) Abstract
Molecular mechanisms of endothelium-mediated vasodilation: R.R. Fiscus; Semin. Thromb. Hemost. 14 Suppl, 12 (1988), (Review) Abstract
Calcium ionophore A23187 action on cardiac myocytes is accompanied by enhanced production of reactive oxygen species: 1740, 481 (2005): T. Przygodzki, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1740, 481 (2005) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Nitric Oxide Pathway Other Products • Respiratory Chain Other Products • Antibiotics - ATPase Inhibitors
 
 
ALX-105-005 Revised 20-May-08
N-Acetyl-L-cysteine
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SYNONYMS LNAL
N-Acetyl-3-mercaptoalanine
L-α-Acetamido-β-mercaptopropionic acid
NAC
PRODUCT LINE Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antioxidants, Flavonoids & Free Radical Scavengers Other Products
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ALX-105-005-G001   1 g 16.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-105-005-G005   5 g 27.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C5H9NO3S
MW: 163.2
CAS NUMBER: 616-91-1
MERCK INDEX: 14: 88
RTECS: HA1660000
PURITY: ≥99%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 5M hydrochloric acid (hot) (100mg/ml); also soluble in water or 100% ethanol; insoluble in chloroform or ether.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C

Product Specific Literature References
Modulation of platelet function by free radicals and free-radical scavengers: D. Salvemini & R. Botting; TIPS 14, 36 (1993), (Review) Abstract
Conversion of glyceryl trinitrate to nitric oxide in tolerant and non- tolerant smooth muscle and endothelial cells: D. Salvemini, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 108, 162 (1993) Abstract
Distinct effects of thioredoxin and antioxidants on the activation of transcription factors NF-kappa B and AP-1: H. Schenk, et al.; PNAS 91, 1672 (1994) Abstract
Induction of apoptosis by pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate and N- acetylcysteine in vascular smooth muscle cells: J.C. Tsai, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 271, 3667 (1996) Abstract; Full Text
Supplementation of N-acetylcysteine inhibits NFkappaB activation and protects against alloxan-induced diabetes in CD-1 mice: E. Ho, et al.; Faseb. J. 13, 1845 (1999) Abstract
Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate inhibits TNF-alpha-dependent activation of NF-kappaB by increasing intracellular copper level in human aortic smooth muscle cells: A. Iseki, et al.; Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 276, 88 (2000) Abstract
Suppression of NF-kappaB activation and cytokine production by N- acetylcysteine in pancreatic acinar cells: H. Kim, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 29, 674 (2000) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Special Amino Acids
 
 
ALX-430-118 Revised 14-Apr-08
ACP
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SYNONYMS 1-Acetoxy-3-carbamoyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine
PRODUCT LINE Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY Oxidative Stress Markers & Reagents / Related Products
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ALX-430-118-M010   10 mg 65.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-430-118-M050   50 mg 195.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-430-118-M250   250 mg 490.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C11H20N2O3
MW: 228.3
PURITY: ≤0.05% paramagnetic impurities (by EPR)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white crystalline powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water, methanol, 100% ethanol or DMSO.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C

Product Description
Cell permeable probe for the detection of intracellular oxidative stress. ACP can easily be deprotected with esterases to cyclic hydroxylamines, which are oxidized by ROS leading to ESR-detectable nitroxide radicals.
Product Specific Literature References
Sensitive ESR determination of intracellular oxidative stress by using acyl-protected hydroxylamines as new spin reagents: O. Itoh, et al.; Chem. Lett. 304 (2000)
In vivo EPR imaging by using an acyl-protected hydroxylamine to analyze intracerebral oxidative stress in rats after epileptic seizures: H. Yokoyama, et al.; Magn. Reson. Imaging 18, 875 (2000) Abstract
Measurement of oxidative stress by EPR radical-probe technique: L. Valgimigli, et al.; Free Radical Biol. Med. 31, 708 (2001), (Review) Abstract
Pharmacokinetic study of acyl-protected hydroxylamine probe, 1-acetoxy-3-carbamoyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine, for in vivo measurements of reactive oxygen species: K. Saito, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 36, 517 (2004) Abstract
 
 
ALX-270-022 Revised 09-Jan-08
AEBSF . hydrochloride
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SYNONYMS 4-(2-Aminoethyl)benzenesulfonylfluoride . HCl
Pefabloc®SC
PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY Proteases Other Products
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ALX-270-022-M050   50 mg 40.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-022-M250   250 mg 145.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-022-G001   1 g 360.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C8H10FNO2S . HCl
MW: 203.2 . 36.5
CAS NUMBER: 30827-99-7
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water or 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HANDLING: Protect from moisture.

Product Description
Specific irreversible inhibitor of serine proteases including trypsin, chymotrypsin, plasmin, plasma kallikrein, and thrombin. Stable, non-toxic alternative to PMSF (Prod. No. ALX-270-184). Inhibitor of NAD(P)H oxidase. Activator of MAP kinases JNK and p38.
Product Specific Literature References
Irreversible enzyme inhibitors. 180. Irreversible inhibitors of the C'la component of complement derived from m-(phenoxypropoxy)benzamidine and phenoxyacetamide: B.R. Baker & H.J. Cory; J. Med. Chem. 14, 119 (1971) Abstract
Serine protease inhibitors block priming of monocytes for enhanced release of superoxide: P. Megyeri, et al.; Immunology 86, 629 (1995) Abstract; Full Text
Inhibition of amyloid beta-protein production in neural cells by the serine protease inhibitor AEBSF: M. Citron, et al.; Neuron 17, 171 (1996) Abstract
Lysis of leukemic cells by human macrophages: inhibition by 4-(2-aminoethyl)-benzenesulfonyl fluoride (AEBSF), a serine protease inhibitor: Y. Nakabo & M.J. Pabst; J. Leukoc. Biol. 60, 328 (1996) Abstract; Full Text
Inhibition of NADPH oxidase activation by 4-(2-aminoethyl)-benzenesulfonyl fluoride and related compounds: V. Diatchuk, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 272, 13292 (1997) Abstract; Full Text
4-(2-Aminoethyl)benzenesulfonyl fluoride attenuates tumor-necrosis-factor-alpha-induced blood-brain barrier opening: P. Megyeri, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 374, 207 (1999) Abstract
Evaluation of two inhibitors of invasion: LY311727 [3-(3-acetamide-1-benzyl-2-ethyl-indolyl-5-oxy)propane phosphonic acid] and AEBSF [4-(2-aminoethyl)-benzenesulphonyl fluoride] in acute murine toxoplasmosis: R. Buitrago-Rey, et al.; J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 49, 871 (2002) Abstract; Full Text
Heme oxygenase-1 gene activation by the NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor 4-(2-aminoethyl) benzenesulfonyl fluoride via a protein kinase B, p38-dependent signaling pathway in monocytes: N. Wijayanti, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 280, 21820 (2005) Abstract; Full Text
Inhibitory effect of 4-(2-aminoethyl)-benzenesulfonyl fluoride, a serine protease inhibitor, on PI3K inhibitor-induced CHOP expression: T. Hosoi, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 554, 8 (2007) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Heme Oxygenase / Related Products • MAPK Pathway Activators • Cell Stress, Oxidative Stress & Redox Signalling Other Products • Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase [FAAH] / Related Products
 
 
ALX-350-329 Revised 21-May-08
Allicin
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SYNONYMS 2-Propene-1-sulfinothioic acid S-2-propenyl ester
Diallyl thiosulfinate
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Antioxidants
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ALX-350-329-M001   1 mg 200.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-329-M005   5 mg 690.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C6H10OS2
MW: 162.3
CAS NUMBER: 539-86-6
MERCK INDEX: 14: 261
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: Clear to slightly yellow liquid.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C

Product Description
Active metabolite of garlic. Exhibits antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiproliferative, chemopreventive, antihyperlipidaemic and antihypertensive effects. Inhibits telomerase activity. Induces apoptosis. Also inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS; NOS II) expression.
Product Specific Literature References
Allicin from garlic strongly inhibits cysteine proteinases and cytopathic effects of Entamoeba histolytica: S. Ankri, et al.; Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 41, 2286 (1997) Abstract
Effect of allicin and ajoene, two compounds of garlic, on inducible nitric oxide synthase: V.M. Dirsch, et al.; Atherosclerosis 139, 333 (1998) Abstract
Antimicrobial properties of allicin from garlic: S. Ankri & D. Mirelman; Microbes Infect. 1, 125 (1999), Review Abstract
Effect of purified allicin, the major ingredient of freshly crushed garlic, on cancer cell proliferation: K. Hirsch, et al.; Nutr. Cancer 38, 245 (2000) Abstract
The effects of allicin and enalapril in fructose-induced hyperinsulinemic hyperlipidemic hypertensive rats: A. Elkayam, et al.; Am. J. Hypertens. 14, 377 (2001) Abstract
Effects of allicin on both telomerase activity and apoptosis in gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells: L. Sun & X. Wang; World J. Gastroenterol. 9, 1930 (2003) Abstract
Allicin (from garlic) induces caspase-mediated apoptosis in cancer cells: S. Oommen, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 485, 97 (2004) Abstract
Antibacterial activity of a new, stable, aqueous extract of allicin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: R.R. Cutler & P. Wilson; Br. J. Biomed. Sci. 61, 71 (2004) Abstract
The pungency of garlic: activation of TRPA1 and TRPV1 in response to allicin: L.J. Macpherson, et al.; Curr. Biol. 15, 929 (2005) Abstract
An overview of the antifungal properties of allicin and its breakdown products--the possibility of a safe and effective antifungal prophylactic: S.R. Davis; Mycoses 48, 95 (2005), Review Abstract
Thiolsulfinate allicin from garlic: inspiration for a new antimicrobial agent: R. Hunter, et al.; Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1056, 234 (2005), Review Abstract
The antioxidant properties of garlic compounds: allyl cysteine, alliin, allicin, and allyl disulfide: L.Y. Chung; J. Med. Food 9, 205 (2006) Abstract
Effect of raw garlic vs commercial garlic supplements on plasma lipid concentrations in adults with moderate hypercholesterolemia: a randomized clinical trial: C.D. Gardner, et al.; Arch. Intern. Med. 167, 346 (2007) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Active Substances from Fruit and Vegetables • Antitumor Agents (Anti-proliferative) • NOS Inhibitors (NOS Induction & Enzyme Activity) • Natural Products - Nitric Oxide Pathway Modulators • Natural Products - Chemopreventive Agents • Natural Products with Antibiotic Activity • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • TRPV1 Agonists and Antagonists / Related Products
 
 
ALX-385-021 Revised 23-Oct-07
4'-Amino-6-hydroxyflavone
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SYNONYMS Aminogenistein
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Flavones
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ALX-385-021-M001   1 mg 140.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C15H11NO3
MW: 253.3
PURITY: ≥95%
APPEARANCE: Yellow powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO or methanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.

Product Description
Inhibitor of the p56lck protein-tyrosine kinase.
Product Specific Literature References
Synthesis and protein-tyrosine kinase inhibitory activities of flavonoid analogues: M. Cushman, et al.; J. Med. Chem. 34, 798 (1991) Abstract
Expression of p56lck in B-cell neoplasias: A. Von Knethen, et al.; Leuk. Lymphoma 26, 551 (1997) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors • Src Family Kinases / Related Products • Kinases in T Cell Signal Transduction / Related Products
 
 
ALX-400-019 Revised 27-Oct-06
4-Amino-TEMPO, free radical
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SYNONYMS 4-Amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl, free radical
PRODUCT LINE Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY Free Radicals / Related Products
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ALX-400-019-M010   10 mg 15.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-400-019-M050   50 mg 45.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C9H19N2O
MW: 171.3
CAS NUMBER: 14691-88-4
PURITY: ≥97%
APPEARANCE: Orange to red solid or liquid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in methanol.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light and moisture. Packaged under inert gas.
HAZARD: IRRITANT.

Product Description
Free radical compound.
 
 
ALX-350-331 Revised 19-Oct-07
Angoroside C
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SYNONYMS Isoangoroside C
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents
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ALX-350-331-M001   1 mg 30.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-331-M005   5 mg 120.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C36H48O19
MW: 784.8
CAS NUMBER: 115909-22-3
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from the root of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl (Figwort).
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to pale yellow powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in methanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Hygroscopic.

Product Description
Potential anti-inflammatory compound. Inhibitor of prostaglandin E2 release in mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro. Shows potent antioxidative activity in reducing the oxidized OH adducts of dAMP and dGMP. Reveals some trypanocidal potential.
Product Specific Literature References
Fast repairing of oxidized OH radical adducts of dAMP and dGMP by phenylpropanoid glycosides from Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl: Y.M. Li, et al.; Acta Pharmacol. Sin. 21, 1125 (2000) Abstract
Phenylpropanoid glycosides from Scrophularia scorodonia: in vitro anti-inflammatory activity: A.M. Diaz, et al.; Life Sci. 74, 2515 (2004) Abstract
Anti-protozoal and plasmodial FabI enzyme inhibiting metabolites of Scrophularia lepidota roots: D. Tasdemir, et al.; Phytochemistry 66, 355 (2005) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Natural Products - Antioxidants
 
 
ALX-380-075 Revised 03-Apr-08
Antimycin A
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SYNONYMS Antipiricullin
Virosin
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors
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ALX-380-075-M005   5 mg 20.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-075-M010   10 mg 33.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
CAS NUMBER: 1397-94-0
MERCK INDEX: 14: 714 (A1) & 715 (A3)
RTECS: CD0350000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces sp. Mixture of antimycin A's.
APPEARANCE: White to faint yellow powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol (50mg/ml).
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: TOXIC.

Product Description
Antibiotic. Induces apoptosis, which is not prevented by the presence of Bcl-2. Inhibits mitochondrial electron transport specifically between cytochromes b and c1.
Product Specific Literature References
The isolation and properties of antimycin A: B. R. Dunshee, et al.; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 71, 2436 (1949)
The effect of antimycin A on mouse liver inner mitochondrial membrane channel activity: M.L. Campo, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 267, 8123 (1992) Abstract; Full Text
Antimycin A mimics a cell-death-inducing Bcl-2 homology domain 3: S.P. Tzung, et al.; Nat. Cell Biol. 3, 183 (2001) Abstract
Biophysical characterization of recombinant human Bcl-2 and its interactions with an inhibitory ligand, antimycin A: K.M. Kim, et al.; Biochemistry 40, 4911 (2001) Abstract
Synthetic peptides and non-peptidic molecules as probes of structure and function of Bcl-2 family proteins and modulators of apoptosis: D. Liu & Z. Huang; Apoptosis 6, 453 (2001) Abstract
Antimycin A mimics a cell-death-inducing Bcl-2 homology domain 3: S.P. Tzung, et al.; Nat. Cell. Biol. 3, 183 (2001) Abstract
Oligomycin and antimycin A prevent nitric oxide-induced apoptosis by blocking cytochrome C leakage: N. Dairaku, et al.; J. Lab. Clin. Med. 143, 143 (2004) Abstract
An ROS generator, antimycin A, inhibits the growth of HeLa cells via apoptosis: W.H. Park, et al.; J. Cell. Biochem. 102, 98 (2007) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Bcl-2 Family Modulators • Respiratory Chain Other Products
 
 
ALX-850-318 Revised 14-Feb-07
Antioxidant Assay Kit
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PRODUCT LINE Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY Oxidative Stress Markers & Reagents / Related Products
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ALX-850-318-KI01   1 Kit 349.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
QUANTITY: 96 wells (~80 tests)
APPLICATION: For the rapid measurement of antioxidant capacity in a variety of sample types, including plasma, serum, urine, saliva, and cell lysates.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
Product Description
This antioxidant assay is designed to measure the overall antioxidant capacity within a given sample. The assay relies on the ability of antioxidants in the sample to inhibit the oxidation of ABTS in comparison to trolox, a water-soluble tocopherol analog. By quantifying the cumulative effect of all antioxidants present, more relevant biological information is acquired compared with the measurement of individual components alone. The assay relies on the ability of antioxidants in the sample to inhibit the oxidation of ABTS® (2,2’-azino-di-[3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulphonate]) to ABTS®·+ by metmyoglobin.
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Antioxidants, Flavonoids & Free Radical Scavengers Other Products • Quantification Kits
 
 
ALX-620-075 Revised 25-Sep-08
APF