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Oxidative Stress
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ALX-350-252 Revised 02-Oct-07
Pyrrolostatin
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Antioxidants
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ALX-350-252-C100   100 µg 45.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-252-M001   1 mg 110.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C15H21NO2
MW: 247.2
CAS NUMBER: 144314-68-1
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces chrestomyceticus.
PURITY: ≥99%
APPEARANCE: Yellowish powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in methanol, abs. ethanol or DMSO. Insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON DRY ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -80°C
HANDLING: Protect from light. Keep under inert gas.

Product Description
Potent inhibitor of lipid peroxidation (IC50=49µM; inhibition of lipid peroxidation in rat brain homogenate). Free radical scavenger. Improves angiogenesis.
Product Specific Literature References
Pyrrolostatin, a novel lipid peroxidation inhibitor from Streptomyces chrestomyceticus. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation, structure elucidation and biological properties: S. Kato, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 46, 892 (1993) Abstract
Biodesign of a skeletal muscle flap as a model for cardiac assistance: V.V. Nikolaychik, et al.; Artif. Organs 24, 137 (2000) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Lipid Peroxidation • Antioxidants, Flavonoids & Free Radical Scavengers Other Products • Natural Products for Angiogenesis Research
 
 
ALX-350-253 Revised 28-Sep-07
Carazostatin
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Antioxidants
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ALX-350-253-C100   100 µg 45.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-253-M001   1 mg 110.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C20H25NO
MW: 295.4
CAS NUMBER: 126168-32-9
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces chrestomyceticus.
APPEARANCE: Pale yellow solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in methanol, abs. ethanol or DMSO. Insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON DRY ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light and air. Keep under inert gas

Product Description
Antioxidant. Free radical scavenger. Potent inhibitor of lipid peroxidation.
Product Specific Literature References
Studies on free radical scavenging substances from microorganisms. I. Carazostatin, a new free radical scavenger produced by Streptomyces chromofuscus DC 118: S. Kato, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 42, 1879 (1989) Abstract
Antioxidant activities of natural and synthetic carbazoles: M. Iwatsuki, et al.; Biofactors 4, 123 (1993) Abstract
In vitro and ex vivo free radical scavenging activities of carazostatin, carbazomycin B and their derivatives: S. Kato, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 46, 1859 (1993) Abstract
Total Syntheses of Carazostatin, Hyellazole, and Carbazoquinocins B-F: T. Choshi, et al.; J. Org. Chem. 62, 2535 (1997) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Lipid Peroxidation • Free Radical Scavengers
 
 
ALX-350-324 Revised 30-May-07
Rubellin D
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Plant Research Reagents
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ALX-350-324-M001   1 mg 110.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C30H22O10
MW: 542.5
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from fungus Ramularia collo-cygni.
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: Red powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in tetrahydrofuran, n-propanol, methanol, ethyl acetate, DMSO or chloroform.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C

Product Description
Phytotoxin. Triggers the light-dependent production of reactive oxygen species and α-linolenic acid peroxidation.
Product Specific Literature References
Secondary mould metabolites. XX. The structure of rubellins C and D, two novel anthraquinone metabolites from Mycosphae-rella rubella: A. Arnone et al.; Gazz. Chim. Ital. 119, 35 (1989)
Photodynamic oxygen activation by rubellin D, a phytotoxin produced by Ramularia collo-cygni (Sutton et Waller): I. Heiser et al.; Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 62, 29 (2003)
The phytopathogenic fungus Ramularia collo-cygni produces biologically active rubellins on infected barley leaves: S. Miethbauer et al.; J. Phytopathol. 151, 665 (2003)
Fatty acid peroxidation by rubellin B, C, and D, phytotoxins produced by Ramularia collo-cygni (Sutton et Waller): I. Heiser et al.; Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 64, 135 (2004)
Biosynthesis of photodynamically active rubellins and structure elucidation of new anthraquinone derivatives produced by Ramularia collo-cygni: S. Miethbauer, et al.; Phytochemistry 67, 1206 (2006) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Other Toxins • Lipid Peroxidation • Lipid Peroxidation • Plant Research Reagents/Related Products
 
 
ALX-385-028 Revised 03-Apr-08
Delphinidin chloride (high purity)
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Flavonoids/Related Products
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ALX-385-028-M010   10 mg 460.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C15H11ClO7
MW: 338.7
CAS NUMBER: 528-53-0
RTECS: DK1310000
PURITY: ≥97% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: Red to dark brown powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water or DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light and moisture.

Product Description

Anthocyanidin with antioxidant effect found in pigmented fruits and vegetables. Shown to inhibit angiogenesis and endothelial cell apoptosis by stimulating nitric oxide (NO) production. Inhibits solar radiation (UVB)-mediated oxidative stress, reducing DNA damage.
Product Specific Literature References
Delphinidin, an active compound of red wine, inhibits endothelial cell apoptosis via nitric oxide pathway and regulation of calcium homeostasis: S. Martin, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 139, 1095 (2003) Abstract; Full Text
Anthocyanins induce cell cycle perturbations and apoptosis in different human cell lines: M.C. Lazzč; Carcinogenesis 25, 1427 (2004) Abstract; Full Text
DNA interaction with naturally occurring antioxidant flavonoids quercetin, kaempferol, and delphinidin: C.D. Kanakis, et al.; J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn. 22, 719 (2005) Abstract
Delphinidin and cyanidin inhibit PDGF(AB)-induced VEGF release in vascular smooth muscle cells by preventing activation of p38 MAPK and JNK: M.H. Oak, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 149, 283 (2006) Abstract; Full Text
Delphinidin, a dietary anthocyanidin, inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 phosphorylation: S. Lamy, et al.; Carcinogenesis 27, 989 (2006) Abstract; Full Text
Delphinidin, an anthocyanidin in pigmented fruits and vegetables, protects human HaCaT keratinocytes and mouse skin against UVB-mediated oxidative stress and apoptosis: F. Afaq, et al.; J. Invest. Dermatol. 127, 222 (2007) Abstract; Full Text
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Natural Products for Angiogenesis Research • Lipid Peroxidation • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • Natural Products - Nitric Oxide Pathway Modulators • Natural Products - Antioxidants • Active Substances from Fruit and Vegetables
 
 
ALX-400-046 Revised 01-Dec-06
Taurine
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SYNONYMS 2-Aminoethanesulfonic acid
PRODUCT LINE Cancer
PRODUCT CATEGORY Chemopreventive Agents Other Products
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ALX-400-046-G010   10 g 25.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C2H7NO3S
MW: 125.2
CAS NUMBER: 107-35-7
MERCK INDEX: 14: 9074
RTECS: WX0175000
PURITY: ≥99%
SOLUBILITY: 50mg/ml soluble in water.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: IRRITANT.

Product Description
Inhibitor of lipid peroxidation. Inhibits diethylnitrosamine and phenobarbital-induced hepatocarcinogenesis.
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Lipid Peroxidation
 
 
ALX-550-361 Revised 18-Dec-07
(Z)-4-Hydroxytamoxifen
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SYNONYMS (Z)-4-[1-(p-(Dimethylaminoethoxy)phenyl)-2-phenyl-1-butenyl]phenol
PRODUCT LINE Cancer
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antitumor Agents (Hormone-related)
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ALX-550-361-M001   1 mg 40.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-550-361-M005   5 mg 145.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C26H29NO2
MW: 387.5
CAS NUMBER: 68047-06-3, 65213-48-1
PURITY: ≥98% (Z-isomer)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol (20mg/ml) or methanol (10mg/ml); insoluble water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: MAY BE CARCINOGENIC. TOXIC.

Product Description
Metabolite of tamoxifen (Prod. No. ALX-550-095). Exhibits a more potent estrogen agonist/antagonist activity than the parent drug. Has antioxidant properties. Intramembranous inhibitor of lipid peroxidation.
Product Specific Literature References
The antioxidant action of tamoxifen and its metabolites. Inhibition of lipid peroxidation: H. Wiseman, et al.; FEBS Lett. 263, 192 (1990) Abstract
Mechanism of inhibition of lipid peroxidation by tamoxifen and 4-hydroxytamoxifen introduced into liposomes. Similarity to cholesterol and ergosterol: H. Wiseman, et al.; FEBS Lett. 274, 107 (1990) Abstract
Protective actions of tamoxifen and 4-hydroxytamoxifen against oxidative damage to human low-density lipoproteins: a mechanism accounting for the cardioprotective action of tamoxifen?: H. Wiseman, et al.; Biochem. J. 292, 635 (1993) Abstract
Tamoxifen and hydroxytamoxifen as intramembraneous inhibitors of lipid peroxidation. Evidence for peroxyl radical scavenging activity: J.B. Custódio, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 47, 1989 (1994) Abstract
Peroxidase-catalyzed pro- versus antioxidant effects of 4-hydroxytamoxifen: enzyme specificity and biochemical sequelae: B.W. Day, et al.; Chem. Res. Toxicol. 12, 28 (1999) Abstract
Estrogen and tamoxifen metabolites protect smooth muscle cell membrane phospholipids against peroxidation and inhibit cell growth: R.K. Dubey, et al.; Circ. Res. 84, 229 (1999) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Estrogen & Estrogen Receptors/Related Products • Lipid Peroxidation • Antioxidants, Flavonoids & Free Radical Scavengers Other Products
 
 
ALX-630-089 Revised 22-Jul-08
Ochratoxin A
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Mycotoxins
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ALX-630-089-M001   1 mg 40.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-630-089-M005   5 mg 150.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-630-089-M025   25 mg 590.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C20H18ClNO6
MW: 403.8
CAS NUMBER: 303-47-9
MERCK INDEX: 14: 6740
RTECS: AY4375000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Aspergillus ochraceus.
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white crystals.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in methanol (10mg/ml).
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HAZARD: MAY BE TERATOGENIC. MAY BE MUTAGENIC. MAY BE CARCINOGENIC. VERY TOXIC.

Product Description
Mycotoxin. Natural contaminant of mouldy food and feed. It has a number of toxic effects, the most prominent being nephrotoxicity. Immunosuppressive, genotoxic, teratogenic and carcinogenic. Stimulates lipid peroxidation. Induces oxidative DNA lesions coupled with direct DNA adducts via quinone formation
Product Specific Literature References
Ochratoxin A, a toxic metabolite produced by Aspergillus ochraceus Wilh: K.J. van der Merwe, et al.; Nature 205, 112 (1965) Abstract
Lipid peroxidation as a possible cause of ochratoxin A toxicity: A.D. Rahimtula, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 37, 4469 (1988) Abstract
Mechanism of ochratoxin A stimulated lipid peroxidation: R.F. Omar, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 40, 1183 (1990) Abstract
Role of cytochrome P-450 in ochratoxin A-stimulated lipid peroxidation: R.F. Omar, et al.; J. Biochem. Toxicol. 6, 203 (1991) Abstract
Effect of superoxide dismutase and catalase on the nephrotoxicity induced by subchronical administration of ochratoxin A in rats: I. Baudrimont, et al.; Toxicology 89, 101 (1994) Abstract
Toxicity and metabolism of ochratoxin A: J. Fink-Gremmels, et al.; Nat. Toxins 3, 214 (1995) Abstract
How aspartame prevents the toxicity of ochratoxin A: E.E. Creppy, et al.; J. Toxicol. Sci. 23 Supp. 2, 165 (1998) Abstract
Toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of ochratoxin A, an update: D. Ringot, et al.; Chem. Biol. Interact. 159, 18 (2006), (Review) Abstract
Ochratoxin A: An overview on toxicity and carcinogenicity in animals and humans: A. Pfohl-Leszkowicz & R. A. Manderville; Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 51, 61 (2007), (Review) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Lipid Peroxidation • Oxidative Stress Markers & Reagents/Related Products • Plant Research Reagents/Related Products
 
 
ALX-340-062 Revised 18-Feb-08
Methyl Phytoprostane B1 (Type I) (racemic)
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SYNONYMS Methyl-8-(2-((E)-3-hydroxypent-1-enyl)-5-oxocyclopent-1-enyl)octanoate (racemic)
PRODUCT LINE Inflammation
PRODUCT CATEGORY Eicosanoids Other Products
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ALX-340-062-M005   5 mg 390.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C19H30O4
MW: 322.5
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic.
PURITY: ≥95% (13C-NMR)
APPEARANCE: Colourless liquid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol, methanol, ether, ethyl acetate or halogenic solvents.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HANDLING: Protect from light and moisture.
HAZARD: IRRITANT.
IDENTITY: Determined by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and MS.

Product Description
Prostaglandin/jasmonate-like product of nonenzymatic lipid peroxidation. Occurs ubiquitously in healty plants and increases in response to oxidative stress. Could potentially be used as a marker of oxidative degradation of plant derived food. Powerful inducer of glutathione-S-transferase, jasmonic acid and other stress related responses. The role of phytoprostanes in human nutrition is not clarified yet, but they are associated with inhibition of dendritic cell interleukin-12 production and augmentation of TH2 cell polarization.
Product Specific Literature References
The isoprostanoid pathway in plants: I. Thoma, et al.; Chem. Phys. Lipids 128, 135 (2004) Abstract
B1-phytoprostanes trigger plant defense and detoxification responses: C. Loeffler, et al.; Plant Physiol. 137, 328 (2005) Abstract
A flexible synthesis of the phytoprostanes B1 type I and II: S. El Fangour, et al.; J. Org. Chem. 70, 989 (2005) Abstract
Pollen-associated phytoprostanes inhibit dendritic cell interleukin-12 production and augment T helper type 2 cell polarization: C. Traidl-Hoffmann, et al.; J. Exp. Med. 201, 627 (2005) Abstract; Full Text
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Oxidative Stress Markers & Reagents/Related Products • Plant Research Reagents/Related Products
 
 
ALX-350-043 Revised 06-Jun-08
Microcystin-RR
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Microcystins
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ALX-350-043-C050   50 µg 70.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-043-C100   100 µg 125.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-043-C250   250 µg 240.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-043-C500   500 µg 470.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-043-M001   1 mg 850.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C49H75N13O12
MW: 1038.2
CAS NUMBER: 111755-37-4
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Microcystis aeruginosa.
PURITY: ≥95% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: Clear to whitish film adhered to inside of vial.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 80% aqueous methanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: For maximum product recovery after thawing, centrifuge the vial before opening the cap.
HAZARD: MAY BE CARCINOGENIC. VERY TOXIC. HIGHLY IRRITANT.
IDENTITY: Identity determined by MS.

Product Description
Arg-Arg analog of microcystin-LR (Prod. No. ALX-350-012). Hepatotoxic, although found to be up to 10-fold less toxic than microcystin-LR on i.p. injection in mice. Potent inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A).
Product Specific Literature References
The structure of a cyclic peptide toxin, cyanogenosin-RR from Microcystis aeruginosa: P. Painuly, et al.; THL 29, 11 (1988)
Toxicity and toxins of natural blooms and isolated strains of Microcystis spp. (Cyanobacteria) and improved procedure for purification of cultures: M. Shirai, et al.; Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57, 1241 (1991) Abstract
Inhibition of protein phosphatases activates glucose-6-phosphatase in isolated rat hepatocytes: S. Claeyssens, et al.; FEBS Lett. 315, 7 (1993) Abstract
Extraction and high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of microcystins in raw and treated waters: L.A. Lawton, et al.; Analyst 119, 1525 (1994) Abstract
Determination of some physicochemical parameters of microcystins (cyanobacterial toxins) and trace level analysis in environmental samples using liquid chromatography: C. Rivasseau, et al.; J. Chromatogr. A 799, 155 (1998) Abstract
Physiological and biochemical analyses of microcystin-RR toxicity to the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus: Z.Q. Hu, et al.; Environ. Toxicol. 19, 571 (2004) Abstract
Microcystin-RR-induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species and alteration of antioxidant systems in tobacco BY-2 cells: L. Yin, et al.; Toxicon. 46, 507 (2005) Abstract
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