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ALX-400-003

Revised 25-May-07

Diethyldithiocarbamic acid . sodium salt . trihydrate (high purity)
SYNONYMS	DETC . 3H₂O (high purity) Diethyldithiocarbamate . 3H₂O (high purity)
PRODUCT LINE	Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Spin Traps, Spin Probes & Spin Labels

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-400-003-G005		5 g	17.00 USD
ALX-400-003-G025		25 g	27.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₅H₁₀NS₂ . Na . 3H₂O
MW:	148.3 . 23.0 . 54.0
CAS NUMBER:	20624-25-3
MERCK INDEX:	14: 3378
RTECS:	EZ6550000
PURITY:	≥99%
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
HAZARD:	HARMFUL.

Product Description

Nitric oxide (NO) spin-trapping reagent. Thiol and iron chelator. Inhibits induction of macrophage nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Has been shown to be an inhibitor of the nuclear transcription factor κB (NF-κB).

Product Specific Literature References

On-line detection of nitric oxide formation in liquid aqueous phase by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy: P. Mordvintcev, et al.; Anal. Biochem. 199, 142 (1991) Abstract
NO accounts completely for the oxygenated nitrogen species generated by enzymic L-arginine oxygenation: A. Mülsch, et al.; Biochem. J. 288, 597 (1992) Abstract
Iron diethyldithiocarbamate as spin trap for nitric oxide detection: A.F. Vanin; Methods Enzymol. 301, 269 (1999), Review Abstract
Diethyldithiocarbamate inhibits induction of macrophage NO synthase: A. Mülsch, et al.; FEBS Lett. 321, 215 (1993) Abstract
The relationship between L-arginine-dependent nitric oxide synthesis, nitrite release and dinitrosyl-iron complex formation by activated macrophages: A. Vanin, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1177, 37 (1993) Abstract
Dithiocarbamates as potent inhibitors of nuclear factor kappa B activation in intact cells: R. Schreck, et al.; J. Exp. Med. 175, 1181 (1992) Abstract
In vivo spin trapping of nitric oxide generated in the small intestine, liver, and kidney during the development of endotoxemia: a time-course study: G. Wallis, et al.; Shock 6, 274 (1996) Abstract
Epr evidence of nitric oxide production by the regenerating rat liver: M. Obolenskaya, et al.; BBRC 202, 571 (1994) Abstract
EPR and laser flash photolysis studies of the reaction of nitric oxide with water soluble NO trap Fe(II)-proline-dithiocarbamate complex: S.V. Paschenko, et al.; BBRC 225, 577 (1996) Abstract
Complexes of Fe2+ with diethyldithiocarbamate or N-methyl-D-glucamine dithiocarbamate as traps of nitric oxide in animal tissues: comparative investigations: V.D. Mikoyan, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1336, 225 (1997) Abstract
NO-dependent mechanisms of adaptation to hypoxia: I.Y. Malyshev, et al.; Nitric Oxide 3, 105 (1999) Abstract
Ex vivo EPR detection of nitric oxide in brain tissue: H. Fujii & L.J. Berliner; Magn. Reson. Med. 42, 599 (1999) Abstract
EPR spectroscopy of common nitric oxide - spin trap complexes: S. Nedeianu & T. Pali; Cell Mol. Biol. Lett. 7, 142 (2002) Abstract
EPR quantification of vascular nitric oxide production in genetically modified mouse models: J.P. Khoo, et al.; Nitric Oxide 10, 156 (2004) Abstract
Evaluation of lipid-based carrier systems and inclusion complexes of diethyldithiocarbamate-iron to trap nitric oxide in biological systems: N. Charlier, et al.; Magn. Reson. Med. 55, 215 (2006) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors • NOS Inhibitors (NOS Induction & Enzyme Activity)

ALX-400-014

Revised 29-Jul-08

MGD . sodium salt . monohydrate
SYNONYMS	N-(Dithiocarbamoyl)-N-methyl-D-glucamine . Na . H₂0
PRODUCT LINE	Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Spin Traps, Spin Probes & Spin Labels

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-400-014-M050		50 mg	50.00 USD
ALX-400-014-M250		250 mg	150.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₈H₁₆NO₅S₂Na . H₂O
MW:	293.3 . 18.0
PURITY:	≥99% (¹H-NMR)
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light.

Product Description

Together with FeSO₄ MGD is a useful component for the formation of the MGD₂-Fe²⁺complex, which is an excellent nitric oxide (NO) spin-trapping reagent. The MGD₂-Fe2+complex is quite unstable, especially in the presence of dissolved oxygen. Thus, the complex should be used immediately after being made. An excess (usually 5-fold excess), of MGD to Fe2+ is used for making the complex with FeSO₄to give a more stable complex solution. Acidic conditions should be avoided because dithiocarbamate tends to decompose forming toxic carbon disulfide. It was reported that MGD and Fe(MGD)₂do not exhibit toxicity up to 8mmol/kg and 0.3mmol/kg, respectively.

Product Specific Literature References

Sodium N-methyl-D-glucamine dithiocarbamate and cadmium intoxication: L.A. Shinobu, et al.; Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol. 54, 189 (1984) Abstract
In vivo spin trapping of nitric oxide in mice: A. Komarov, et al.; BBRC 195, 1191 (1993) Abstract
Spin trapping of nitric oxide produced in vivo in septic-shock mice: C.-S. Lei & A.M. Komarov; FEBS Lett. 345, 120 (1994) Abstract
Spin trapping isotopically-labelled nitric oxide produced from [15N]L- arginine and [17O]dioxygen by activated macrophages using a water soluble Fe(++)-dithiocarbamate spin trap: Y. Kotake, et al.; Free Rad. Res. 23, 287 (1995) Abstract
Continuous and quantitative monitoring of rate of cellular nitric oxide generation: Y. Kotake; Methods Enzymol. 268, 222 (1996) Abstract
Continuous monitoring of cellular nitric oxide generation by spin trapping with an iron-dithiocarbamate complex: Y. Kotake, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1289, 362 (1996) Abstract
Complexes of Fe2+ with diethyldithiocarbamate or N-methyl-D-glucamine dithiocarbamate as traps of nitric oxide in animal tissues: comparative investigations: V.D. Mikoyan, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1336, 225 (1997) Abstract
Redox properties of iron-dithiocarbamates and their nitrosyl derivatives: implications for their use as traps of nitric oxide in biological systems: A.F. Vanin, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1474, 365 (2000) Abstract
Electron-paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy using N-methyl-D-glucamine dithiocarbamate iron cannot discriminate between nitric oxide and nitroxyl: implications for the detection of reaction products for nitric oxide synthase: A.M. Komarov, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 28, 793 (2000) Abstract
Detailed methods for the quantification of nitric oxide in aqueous solutions using either an oxygen monitor or EPR: S. Venkataraman, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 29, 580 (2000) Abstract
EPR spectroscopy of common nitric oxide - spin trap complexes: S. Nedeianu & T. Pali; Cell. Mol. Biol. Lett. 7, 142 (2002) Abstract
Redox cycling of iron complexes of N-(dithiocarboxy)sarcosine and N-methyl-D-glucamine dithiocarbamate: C. Lu & W.H. Koppenol; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 39, 1581 (2005) Abstract
Evaluation of lipid-based carrier systems and inclusion complexes of diethyldithiocarbamate-iron to trap nitric oxide in biological systems: N. Charlier, et al.; Magn. Reson. Med. 55, 215 (2006) Abstract

ALX-430-071

Revised 19-Sep-06

TEMPONE-H . hydrochloride
SYNONYMS	1-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-oxo-piperidine . HCl
PRODUCT LINE	Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Spin Traps, Spin Probes & Spin Labels

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-430-071-M010		10 mg	65.00 USD
ALX-430-071-M050		50 mg	195.00 USD
ALX-430-071-M250		250 mg	490.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₉H₁₇NO₂ . HCl
MW:	171.2 . 36.5
APPEARANCE:	White crystalline powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO, water, methanol or 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
USE/STABILITY:	Stable for at least two years when stored at -20 °C.

Product Description

Very effective, cell permeable and non-toxic spin trap for the detection of superoxide radical and peroxynitrite.

Product Specific Literature References

Quantification of superoxide radicals and peroxynitrite in vascular cells using oxidation of sterically hindered hydroxylamines and electron spin resonance: S. Dikalov, et al.; Nitric Oxide Biol. Chem. 1, 423 (1997) Abstract
Quantification of peroxynitrite, superoxide, and peroxyl radicals by a new spin trap hydroxylamine 1-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-oxo-piperidine: S. Dikalov, et al.; BBRC 230, 54 (1997) Abstract
Spin trapping of superoxide radicals and peroxynitrite by 1-Hydroxy-3-carboxy-pyrrolidine and 1-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-oxo-piperidine and the stability of corresponding nitroxyl radicals towards biological reductants: S. Dikalov, et al.; BBRC 231, 701 (1997) Abstract

ALX-430-073

Revised 19-Sep-06

TMIO
SYNONYMS	2,2,4-Trimethyl-2H-imidazole-1-oxide
PRODUCT LINE	Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Spin Traps, Spin Probes & Spin Labels

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-430-073-M050		50 mg	45.00 USD
ALX-430-073-M250		250 mg	180.00 USD
ALX-430-073-G001		1 g	470.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₆H₁₀N₂O
MW:	126.2
PURITY:	≥98%
APPEARANCE:	Light yellow crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO, water, methanol or 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Hygroscopic. Protect from light and moisture.

Product Description

Selective, cell permeable and non-toxic spin trap for peroxynitrite and secondary O-, C-, S-, and N- centered free radicals.

Product Specific Literature References

Spin trapping of O-, C-, and S-centered radicals and peroxynitrite by 2H-imidazole-1-oxides: S.I. Dikalov, et al.; BBRC 218, 616 (1996) Abstract
Determination of rate constants of the reactions of thiols with superoxide radical by electron paramagnetic resonance: critical remarks on spectrophotometric approaches: S. Dikalov, et al.; Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 326, 207 (1996) Abstract
Oxygen-centered spin adducts of 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) and 2H-imidazole 1-oxides: A.G. Krainev, et al.; J. Magn. Reson. B. 111, 272 (1996) Abstract
Quantification of peroxynitrite, superoxide, and peroxyl radicals by a new spin trap hydroxylamine 1-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-oxo-piperidine: S. Dikalov, et al.; BBRC 230, 54 (1997) Abstract
Spin trapping of superoxide radicals and peroxynitrite by 1-hydroxy-3-carboxy-pyrrolidine and 1-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-oxo-piperidine and the stability of corresponding nitroxyl radicals towards biological reductants: S. Dikalov, et al.; BBRC 231, 701 (1997) Abstract
Formation of reactive oxygen species in various vascular cells during glyceryltrinitrate metabolism: S. Dikalov, et al.; J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. Ther. 3, 51 (1998) Abstract
Reassignment of organic peroxyl radical adducts: S.I. Dikalov & R.P. Mason; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 27, 864 (1999) Abstract

ALX-430-078

Revised 10-Nov-06

CPH . hydrochloride
SYNONYMS	1-Hydroxy-3-carboxy-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine . HCl
PRODUCT LINE	Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Spin Traps, Spin Probes & Spin Labels

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-430-078-M010		10 mg	65.00 USD
ALX-430-078-M050		50 mg	195.00 USD
ALX-430-078-M250		250 mg	450.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₉H₁₇NO₃ . HCl
MW:	187.2 . 36.5
PURITY:	≥98%
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol, methanol or water.
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C

Product Description

Effective, cell permeable and non-toxic spin trap for the detection of superoxide radical and peroxynitrite, both in vitro and in vivo. Resistant to reduction by vitamin C and thiols.

Product Specific Literature References

Spin trapping of superoxide radicals and peroxynitrite by 1-hydroxy-3- carboxy-pyrrolidine and 1-hydroxy-2,2,6, 6-tetramethyl-4-oxo-piperidine and the stability of corresponding nitroxyl radicals towards biological reductants: S. Dikalov, et al.; BBRC 231, 701 (1997) Abstract
Quantification of superoxide radicals and peroxynitrite in vascular cells using oxidation of sterically hindered hydroxylamines and electron spin resonance: S. Dikalov, et al.; Nitric Oxide 1, 423 (1997) Abstract
Comparison of glyceryl trinitrate-induced with pentaerythrityl tetranitrate-induced in vivo formation of superoxide radicals: effect of vitamin C: S. Dikalov, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 27, 170 (1999) Abstract
A new approach for extracellular spin trapping of nitroglycerin-induced superoxide radicals both in vitro and in vivo: B. Fink, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 28, 121 (2000) Abstract
Noninvasive diagnostic tool for inflammation-induced oxidative stress using electron spin resonance spectroscopy and an extracellular cyclic hydroxylamine: S.I. Dikalov, et al.; Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 402, 218 (2002) Abstract
Interactions of peroxynitrite, tetrahydrobiopterin, ascorbic acid, and thiols: implications for uncoupling endothelial nitric-oxide synthase: N. Kuzkaya, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 278, 22546 (2003) Abstract; Full Text
Interactions of peroxynitrite with uric acid in the presence of ascorbate and thiols: implications for uncoupling endothelial nitric oxide synthase: N. Kuzkaya, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 70, 343 (2005) Abstract
Indoxyl sulfate induces complex redox alterations in mesangial cells: A.K. Gelasco & J.R. Raymond; Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 290, F1551 (2006) Abstract

ALX-430-079

Revised 19-Sep-06

TEMPONE
SYNONYMS	4-Oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl 4-Oxo-TEMPO
PRODUCT LINE	Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Spin Traps, Spin Probes & Spin Labels

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-430-079-M250		250 mg	15.00 USD
ALX-430-079-M500		500 mg	25.00 USD
ALX-430-079-G001		1 g	40.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₉H₁₆NO₂
MW:	170.2
CAS NUMBER:	2896-70-0
PURITY:	≥98%
APPEARANCE:	Orange crystalline powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in acetone, DMSO, diethylether, 100% ethanol or water.
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light.

Product Description

Spin trap, useful for both in vitro and in vivo experiments.

Product Specific Literature References

Cytotoxicity of commonly used nitroxide radical spin probes: E.G. Ankel, et al.; Life Sci. 40, 495 (1987) Abstract
Biologically active metal-independent superoxide dismutase mimics: J.B. Mitchell, et al.; Biochemistry 29, 2802 (1990) Abstract
Superoxide reaction with nitroxides: A. Samuni, et al.; Free Rad. Res. Commun. 9, 241 (1990) Abstract
Inhibition of oxygen-dependent radiation-induced damage by the nitroxide superoxide dismutase mimic, tempol: J.B. Mitchell, et al.; Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 289, 62 (1991) Abstract
Nitrone spin traps and a nitroxide antioxidant inhibit a common pathway of thymocyte apoptosis: A.F. Slater, et al.; Biochem. J. 306, 771 (1995) Abstract
Cytotoxicity of spin trapping compounds: R.F. Haseloff, et al.; FEBS Lett. 418, 73 (1997) Abstract
Characterization of the 4-oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinooxy dosimeter for in situ radiolysis electron spin resonance studies: K.P. Madden; Radiat. Res. 147, 335 (1997) Abstract
Metabolism of the stable nitroxyl radical 4-oxo-2,2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (TEMPONE): C. Kroll & H.H. Borchert; Eur. J. Pharm. Sci. 8, 5 (1999) Abstract

Related Products

ALX-430-071

TEMPONE-H . hydrochloride

ALX-430-080

Revised 31-Mar-08

PPH . hydrochloride
SYNONYMS	1-Hydroxy-4-phosphono-oxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine . HCl
PRODUCT LINE	Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Spin Traps, Spin Probes & Spin Labels

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-430-080-M010		10 mg	90.00 USD
ALX-430-080-M050		50 mg	315.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₉H₂₀NO₅P . HCl
MW:	253.2 . 36.5
PURITY:	≥99% (EPR)
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white solid.
PURITY DETAIL:	≤0.1% paramagnetic impurities (EPR)
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol, methanol or water.
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C

Product Description

Effective, non-cell permeable and non-toxic analog of CPH for the detection of superoxide radicals. Resistant against reduction of vitamin C. For cell permeable analog see CPH (Prod. No. ALX-430-078).

Product Specific Literature References

Detection of superoxide radicals and peroxynitrite by 1-hydroxy-4- phosphonooxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine: quantification of extracellular superoxide radicals formation: S. Dikalov, et al.; BBRC 248, 211 (1998) Abstract
A new approach for extracellular spin trapping of nitroglycerin-induced superoxide radicals both in vitro and in vivo: B. Fink, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 28, 121 (2000) Abstract
Noninvasive diagnostic tool for inflammation-induced oxidative stress using electron spin resonance spectroscopy and an extracellular cyclic hydroxylamine: S.I. Dikalov, et al.; Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 402, 218 (2002) Abstract
Rotenone model of Parkinson disease: multiple brain mitochondria dysfunctions after short term systemic rotenone intoxication: A. Panov, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 280, 42026 (2005) Abstract
Molecular Mechanisms of Angiotensin II Mediated Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Linking Mitochondrial Oxidative Damage and Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction: A.K. Doughan, et al.; Circ. Res. 102, 488 (2008) Abstract

General Information

BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION

The stabilized acid form of PPH is not well soluble at neutral pH (~0.1-0.01%). It is recommended to adjust pH to 7.4 for higher solubility. Dissolve PPH in oxygen-free buffers at neutral pH and use 1M NaOH to adjust pH to 7.4. Solubility is 1% in water, 0.8% in methanol or 0.5% in ethanol at pH 7.4. Solubility is 3% in DMSO at pH 7.4 (first add NaOH to PPH crystals then DMSO). Higher concentrations require further pH adjustment using NaOH.

ALX-430-081

Revised 22-May-08

TEMPOL
SYNONYMS	4-OH-TEMPO 4-Hydroxy-TEMPO 4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxy, free radical
PRODUCT LINE	Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Spin Traps, Spin Probes & Spin Labels

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-430-081-M250		250 mg	15.00 USD
ALX-430-081-M500		500 mg	25.00 USD
ALX-430-081-G001		1 g	38.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₉H₁₈NO₂
MW:	172.2
CAS NUMBER:	2226-96-2
PURITY:	≥98% (HPLC, EPR)
APPEARANCE:	Yellow to orange crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water, 100% ethanol, methanol or DMSO.
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light.

Product Description

Free radical scavenger useful for both in vivo and in vitro experiments.

Product Specific Literature References

Measurement of intracellular oxygen concentration using the spin label TEMPOL: P.D. Morse, 2nd & H.M. Swartz; Magn. Reson. Med. 2, 114 (1985) Abstract
Inhibition of oxygen-dependent radiation-induced damage by the nitroxide superoxide dismutase mimic, tempol: J.B. Mitchell, et al.; Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 289, 62 (1991) Abstract
Tempol, a stable free radical, is a novel murine radiation protector: S.M. Hahn, et al.; Cancer Res. 52, 1750 (1992) Abstract
Protective effect of 4-hydroxy-TEMPO, a low molecular weight superoxide dismutase mimic, on free radical toxicity in experimental pancreatitis: Z. Sledzinski, et al.; Int. J. Pancreatol. 18, 153 (1995) Abstract
A novel antioxidant alleviates heat hyperalgesia in rats with an experimental painful peripheral neuropathy: M. Tal; Neuroreport 7, 1382 (1996) Abstract
Stable nitroxide radicals protect lipid acyl chains from radiation damage: A.M. Samuni & Y. Barenholz; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 22, 1165 (1997) Abstract
Tempol inhibits neutrophil and hydrogen peroxide-mediated DNA damage: S.M. Hahn, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 23, 879 (1997) Abstract
Effects of the superoxide dismutase-mimic compound TEMPOL on oxidant stress-mediated endothelial dysfunction: A.I. Haj-Yehia, et al.; Antioxid. Redox. Signal. 1, 221 (1999) Abstract
The nitroxide tempol induces oxidative stress, p21(WAF1/CIP1), and cell death in HL60 cells: M.B. Gariboldi, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 29, 633 (2000) Abstract
Nitroxide TEMPOL impairs mitochondrial function and induces apoptosis in HL60 cells: E. Monti, et al.; J. Cell. Biochem. 82, 271 (2001) Abstract
Spin trapping agents (Tempol and POBN) protect HepG2 cells overexpressing CYP2E1 against arachidonic acid toxicity: M.J. Perez & A.I. Cederbaum; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 30, 734 (2001) Abstract
Systemic arterial pressure response to two weeks of Tempol therapy in SHR: involvement of NO, the RAS, and oxidative stress: L. Yanes, et al.; Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr.Comp. Physiol. 288, R903 (2005) Abstract
Tempol, one of nitroxides, is a novel ultraviolet-A1 radiation protector for human dermal fibroblasts: S.X. Yan, et al.; J. Dermatol. Sci. 37, 137 (2005) Abstract
Cancer chemoprevention by the antioxidant tempol acts partially via the p53 tumor suppressor: L. Erker, et al.; Hum. Mol. Genet. 14, 1699 (2005)