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ALX-620-061 Revised 10-Jul-08
Lucigenin
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SYNONYMS bis-N-Methylacridinium nitrate
N,N'-Dimethyl-9,9'-biacridinium dinitrate
PRODUCT LINE Other Products
PRODUCT CATEGORY Dyes / Stains / Fluorescent Probes / Fluorescent Labels
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ALX-620-061-M010   10 mg 17.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-620-061-M050   50 mg 28.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C28H22N4O6
MW: 510.5
CAS NUMBER: 2315-97-1
PURITY: ≥97% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: Off-white to brown powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in acetic acid.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +20°C

Product Description
Chemiluminescent probe for the detection of superoxide in biological systems.
Product Specific Literature References
Validation of lucigenin (bis-N-methylacridinium) as a chemilumigenic probe for detecting superoxide anion radical production by enzymatic and cellular systems: Y. Li, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 273, 2015 (1998) Abstract; Full Text
Lucigenin as mediator of superoxide production: revisited: S.I. Liochev & I. Fridovich; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 25, 926 (1998) Abstract
What do we measure with luminol-, lucigenin- and penicillin-amplified chemiluminescence? 1. Investigations with hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite: M. Rost, et al.; J. Biolumin. Chemilumin. 13, 355 (1998) Abstract
Lucigenin is a mediator of cytochrome C reduction but not of superoxide production: I.B. Afanas'ev, et al.; Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 366, 267 (1999) Abstract
Lucigenin as a substrate of microsomal NAD(P)H-oxidoreductases: I.A. Schepetkin; Biochemistry (Mosc.) 64, 25 (1999) Abstract
Validation of lucigenin as a chemiluminescent probe to monitor vascular superoxide as well as basal vascular nitric oxide production: M.P. Skatchkov, et al.; BBRC 254, 319 (1999) Abstract
Chemiluminescent detection of oxidants in vascular tissue. Lucigenin but not coelenterazine enhances superoxide formation: M.M. Tarpey, et al.; Circ. Res. 84, 1203 (1999) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Respiratory Chain Other Products • Oxidative Stress Markers & Reagents / Related Products
 
 
ALX-620-062 Revised 01-Jun-06
2-(4-Dehydroxy)coelenterazine
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SYNONYMS Coelenterazine h
PRODUCT LINE Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY Peroxynitrite / Scavengers / Detection
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ALX-620-062-C050   50 µg 110.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C26H21N3O2
MW: 407.5
PURITY: ≥95%
APPEARANCE: Yellow to orange solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol or methanol; slightly soluble in water. Avoid DMSO as product is unstable in this solvent.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light. Keep under inert gas. Keep calcium free when stored in solution.
HAZARD: IRRITANT.

Product Description
Derivative of coelenterazine (Prod. No. ALX-620-063) with ~20 times higher luminescence intensity.
Product Specific Literature References
Semi-synthetic aequorins with improved sensitivity to Ca2+ ions: O. Shimomura, et al.; Biochem. J. 261, 913 (1989) Abstract
Preparation and handling of aequorin solutions for the measurement of cellular Ca2+: O. Shimomura; Cell Calcium 12, 635 (1991) Abstract
Imaging calcium dynamics in living plants using semi-synthetic recombinant aequorins: M.R. Knight, et al.; J. Cell. Biol. 121, 83 (1993) Abstract
Intracellular Ca2+ signals in Dictyostelium chemotaxis are mediated exclusively by Ca2+ influx: T. Nebl & P.R. Fisher; J. Cell Sci. 110, 2845 (1997) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Calcium Indicators / Probes • Antioxidants, Flavonoids & Free Radical Scavengers Other Products • Dyes / Stains / Fluorescent Probes / Fluorescent Labels • Oxidative Stress Markers & Reagents / Related Products
 
 
ALX-620-063 Revised 03-Feb-05
Coelenterazine
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SYNONYMS 2-[(4-Hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-(phenylmethyl)-imidazo [1,2-a] pyrazin-3-(7H)-one
PRODUCT LINE Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY Peroxynitrite / Scavengers / Detection
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ALX-620-063-C050   50 µg 110.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C26H21N3O3
MW: 423.5
CAS NUMBER: 55779-48-1
PURITY: ≥95%
APPEARANCE: Brown solid.
SOLUBILITY: Slightly soluble in methanol or ethanol. Avoid DMSO.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light. Keep under inert gas. Keep calcium free when stored in solution.

Product Description
Cell permeable, very sensitive and specific chemiluminescence probe of the superoxide anion and peroxynitrite. When oxidized by oxygen it emits blue light at 446nm when Ca2+ binds to the complex. Powerful antioxidant. See also 2-(4-Dehydroxy)coelenterazine (Prod. No. ALX-620-062).
Product Specific Literature References
Use of calcium-regulated photoproteins as intracellular Ca2+ indicators: J.R. Blinks; Meth. Enzymol. 172, 164 (1989) Abstract
Slow calcium waves accompany cytokinesis in medaka fish eggs: R.A. Fluck, et al.; J. Cell Biol. 115, 1259 (1991) Abstract
Coelenterazine is a superoxide anion-sensitive chemiluminescent probe: its usefulness in the assay of respiratory burst in neutrophils: M. Lucas & F. Solano; Anal. Biochem. 206, 273 (1992) Abstract
Aequorin-expressing mammalian cell lines used to report Ca2+ mobilization: D. Button & M. Brownstein; Cell Calcium 14, 663 (1993) Abstract
Imaging [Ca2+]i with aequorin using a photon imaging detector: A.L. Miller, et al.; Meth. Cell Biol. 40, 305 (1994) Abstract
Intracellular free calcium level and its response to cAMP stimulation in developing Dictyostelium cells transformed with jellyfish apoaequorin cDNA: S. Saran, et al.; FEBS Lett. 337, 43 (1994) Abstract
The origins of marine bioluminescence: turning oxygen defence mechanisms into deep-sea communication tools: J.F. Rees, et al.; J. Exp. Biol. 201, 1211 (1998) Abstract; Full Text
Chemiluminescent detection of oxidants in vascular tissue. Lucigenin but not coelenterazine enhances superoxide formation: M.M. Tarpey, et al.; Circ. Res. 84, 1203 (1999) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Calcium Indicators / Probes • Antioxidants, Flavonoids & Free Radical Scavengers Other Products • Luciferin & Luciferase / Related Products • Dyes / Stains / Fluorescent Probes / Fluorescent Labels • Oxidative Stress Markers & Reagents / Related Products
 
 
ALX-620-072 Revised 03-Sep-08
ZnAF-2 . tetrahydrochloride
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SYNONYMS 6-[N-[N',N'-bis(2-Pyridinylmethyl)-2-aminoethyl]amino-3',6'-dihydroxy-spiro[isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-[9H]xanthen]-3-one . 4 HCl
PRODUCT LINE Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY Oxidative Stress Markers & Reagents / Related Products
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ALX-620-072-M001   1 mg 380.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C34H28N4O5 . 4HCl
MW: 572.6 .145.8
CONCENTRATION: ~5mM
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
FORMULATION: Liquid. In 0.28ml DMSO.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
USE/STABILITY: Prepare 500-5’000-fold dilution (~1-10µM) in 100mM HEPES, pH 7.4 immediately before use. Do not store diluted solutions. BSA and phenol red may affect the fluorescence and must be avoided.
HANDLING: Keep under inert gas. Protect from light. After opening, prepare aliquots and store at +4°C.

Product Images
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Product Description

Non cell permeable fluorescent reagent (Ex(max): 492nm; Em(max): 514nm) for the detection of low concentration of zinc ion due to its strong affinity to zinc ion (dissociation constant: 2.7nM). The sample zinc ion can be specifically detected. Low background fluorescense supersensitizes the visualization for in vivo sample zinc ion. Also available as cell permeable derivative (Prod. No. ALX-620-076). ZnAF-2 conjugates TPEN (Prod. No. ALX-450-011) affinities with fluorescein and enhances the specificity for Zn2+.
Product Specific Literature References
Highly Zinc-Selective Fluorescent Sensor Molecules Suitable for Biological Applications: T. Hirano, et al.; JACS 122, 12399 (2000) Full Text
Mossy fiber Zn2+ spillover modulates heterosynaptic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activity in hippocampal CA3 circuits: S. Ueno, et al.; J. Cell Biol. 158, 215 (2002) Abstract; Full Text
Improvement and biological applications of fluorescent probes for zinc, ZnAFs: T. Hirano, et al.; JACS 124, 6555 (2002) Abstract
General Information
Zinc (Zn) is the second most abundant transition metal in the body ant it is essential as catalytic, structural and regulatory ion. Zinc ions are involved in homeostasis, immune responses, oxidative stress, apoptosis and aging. Zinc has been proposed to function as a conventional neurotransmitter for the presynaptic neuron and as a transmembrane signal to traverse the postsynaptic neuron. Aberrant zinc metabolism is associated with many neurological diseases including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and epilepsy. The most suitable technique for in vivo monitoring of zinc has been proven to be fluroescent imaging.
General Literature References
Fluorescent detection of zinc in biological systems: recent development on the design of chemosensors and biosensors : P. Jiang & Z. Guo; Coord. Chem. Rev. 248, 205 (2004) Full Text
Zinc: a multipurpose trace element: M. Stefanidou, et al.; Arch. Toxicol. 80, 1 (2006) Abstract
Sticky fingers: zinc-fingers as protein-recognition motifs: R. Gamsjaeger, et al.; TIBS 32, 63 (2007) Abstract
Mechanism and regulation of cellular zinc transport: I. Sekler, et al.; Mol. Med. 13, 337 (2007) Abstract; Full Text
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Further Categories Containing This Product:
Peroxynitrite / Scavengers / Detection • Dyes / Stains / Fluorescent Probes / Fluorescent Labels
 
 
ALX-620-074 Revised 25-Sep-08
HPF
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SYNONYMS Hydroxyphenyl fluorescein
2-[6-(4'-Hydroxy)phenoxy-3H-xanthen-3-on-9-yl]benzoic acid
PRODUCT LINE Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY Oxidative Stress Markers & Reagents / Related Products
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ALX-620-074-M001   1 mg 430.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C26H16O6
MW: 424.4
CONCENTRATION: ~5mM
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
FORMULATION: Liquid. In 0.47ml dimethylformamide.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
USE/STABILITY:

Prepare 500-5'000-fold dilution (~10-1µM) in phosphate buffer (0.1M phosphate, pH 7.4) immediately before use. BSA, phenol red and amines may affect the fluorescence and must be used with caution. Do not store the dilutions.
HANDLING: Keep under inert gas. Protect from light. After opening, prepare aliquots and store at +4°C.
HAZARD: HARMFUL.

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Product Description
Cell permeable fluorescent reagent (Ex(max): 490nm; Em(max): 515nm) for the detection of highly reactive oxygen species (hROS). Immediately reacts with hROS such as hydroxyl radical and peroxynitrite, and the fluorescence intensity greatly increases. In addition, peroxynitrite can be detected in distinction from nitric oxide and superoxide since HPF does not react with nitric oxide, superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, HPF is resistant to light-induced autooxidation. HPF does not react with hypochlorite (-OCl) either and thus can be used in combination with APF (Prod. No. ALX-620-075) which detects -OCl to elucidate reliably the roles of -OCl in biological systems such as neutrophils. Moreover, HPF is resistant to light-induced autooxidation. Not for sale in Japan.
Product Specific Literature References
Development of novel fluorescence probes that can reliably detect reactive oxygen species and distinguish specific species: K. Setsukinai, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 278, 3170 (2003) Abstract
General Information
BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION Precautions for use:
1. Prepare the diluted solution just before use and use it up.
2. The dilution buffer should be adjusted to pH 7.0-7.5. Please note that bovine serum albumin (BSA) and phenol red might interfere with the fluorescence measurement.

Light-induced autoxidation (Figure 3)
After adding HPF or DCFH-DA (10µM), the cells were incubated for 30 min at 37°C in the dark. The fluorescence images were obtained with a confocal fluorescent microscope (excitation wavelength: 488nm, fluorescence emission wavelength: using a 515nm barrier filter). The cells were laser-irradiated again at 488nm for 10 sec and fluorescence images were obtained again (see Figure 3).

Fluorescence images of HPF- or APF-loaded neutrophils (Figure 4)
Neutrophils were obtained from porcine blood and suspended in Krebs-Ringer phosphate buffer (114mM NaCI, 4.6mM KCI, 2.4mM MgSO4, 1.0mM CaCI2, 15mM NaH2PO4/Na2HPO4, pH 7.4) and kept on ice until use. Then they were seeded onto a glass-bottomed dish. The cells were loaded with HPF or APF (10µM) by incubation for 30min at room temperature and then stimulated with PMA (including 2ng/ml; 0.1% DMF as a cosolvent). Fluorescence images were obtained with a confocal fluorescent microscope before and 10 min after the stimulation with PMA (excitation wavelength: 488nm, fluorescence emission wavelength: 505-550nm; using a 505-550nm barrier filter).

Detection of hROS in the HRP/H2O2 system using HPF and APF (Figure 5)
Reaction timecourse
Fluorescence probe reagents (final 10µM; 0.1% DMF as a cosolvent) were added to sodium phosphate buffer (0.1M; pH 7.4) containing HRP (0.2µM). H2O2 (final 1µM) was added at the time indicated by the arrow. The fluorescence intensities were measured at excitation wavelength of 490nm and fluorescence emission wavelength of 515nm. Relation between the amount of added H2O2 and fluorescence increase in the HRP/H2O2 system.

Relation between the amount of added H2O2 and fluorescence increase in the HRP/H2O2 system
Fluorescence probe reagents (final 10µM; 0.1% DMF as a cosolvent) were added to sodium phosphate buffer (0.1M; pH 7.4) containing HRP (0.2µM). The fluorescence intensities were measured at excitation wavelength of 490nm and fluorescence emission wavelength of 515nm.
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Further Categories Containing This Product:
Peroxynitrite / Scavengers / Detection • Dyes / Stains / Fluorescent Probes / Fluorescent Labels
 
 
ALX-620-075 Revised 25-Sep-08
APF
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SYNONYMS Aminophenyl fluorescein
2-[6-(4'-Amino)phenoxy-3H-xanthen-3-on-9-yl]benzoic acid
PRODUCT LINE Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY Oxidative Stress Markers & Reagents / Related Products
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ALX-620-075-M001   1 mg 430.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C26H17NO5
MW: 423.4
CAS NUMBER: 359010-70-1
CONCENTRATION: ~5mM
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
FORMULATION: Liquid. In 0.47ml dimethyl formamide.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
USE/STABILITY: Prepare 500-5’000-fold dilution (~10-1µM) in phosphate buffer (0.1M phosphate, pH 7.4) immediately before use. BSA, phenol red and amines may affect the fluorescence and must be used with caution. Do not store the dilutions.
HANDLING: Keep under inert gas. Protect from light. After opening, prepare aliquots and store at +4°C.
HAZARD: HARMFUL.

Product Images
Please click on thumbnails to enlarge.
Product Description
Fluorescent reagent (Ex(max): 490nm; Em(max): 515nm) for the detection of highly reactive oxygen species (hROS). Immediately reacts with hROS such as hydroxyl radical, peroxynitrite and hypochlorite, and the fluorescence intensity greatly increases. Use of APF together with HPF (Prod. No. ALX-620-074) also allows for specific detection of hypochlorite  (-OCl) to elucidate reliable the roles of -OCl in biological systems such as neutrophils. In addition, peroxynitrite can be detected in distinction from nitric oxide and superoxide since APF does not react with nitric oxide, superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, APF is resistant to light-induced autooxidation. Not for sale in Japan.
Product Specific Literature References
Development of novel fluorescence probes that can reliably detect reactive oxygen species and distinguish specific species: K. Setsukinai, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 278, 3170 (2003) Abstract
General Information
BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION Precautions for use:
1. Prepare the diluted solution just before use and use it up.
2. The dilution buffer should be adjusted to pH 7.0-7.5. Please note that bovine serum albumin (BSA) and phenol red might interfere with the fluorescence measurement.

Light-induced autoxidation (Figure 3)
After adding HPF or DCFH-DA (10µM), the cells were incubated for 30 min at 37°C in the dark. The fluorescence images were obtained with a confocal fluorescent microscope (excitation wavelength: 488nm, fluorescence emission wavelength: using a 515nm barrier filter). The cells were laser-irradiated again at 488nm for 10 sec and fluorescence images were obtained again (see Figure 3).

Fluorescence images of HPF- or APF-loaded neutrophils (Figure 4)
Neutrophils were obtained from porcine blood and suspended in Krebs-Ringer phosphate buffer (114mM NaCI, 4.6mM KCI, 2.4mM MgSO4, 1.0mM CaCI2, 15mM NaH2PO4/Na2HPO4, pH 7.4) and kept on ice until use. Then they were seeded onto a glass-bottomed dish. The cells were loaded with HPF or APF (10µM) by incubation for 30min at room temperature and then stimulated with PMA (including 2ng/ml; 0.1% DMF as a cosolvent). Fluorescence images were obtained with a confocal fluorescent microscope before and 10 min after the stimulation with PMA (excitation wavelength: 488nm, fluorescence emission wavelength: 505-550nm; using a 505-550nm barrier filter).

Detection of hROS in the HRP/H2O2 system using HPF and APF (Figure 5)
Reaction timecourse
Fluorescence probe reagents (final 10µM; 0.1% DMF as a cosolvent) were added to sodium phosphate buffer (0.1M; pH 7.4) containing HRP (0.2µM). H2O2 (final 1µM) was added at the time indicated by the arrow. The fluorescence intensities were measured at excitation wavelength of 490nm and fluorescence emission wavelength of 515nm. Relation between the amount of added H2O2 and fluorescence increase in the HRP/H2O2 system.

Relation between the amount of added H2O2 and fluorescence increase in the HRP/H2O2 system
Fluorescence probe reagents (final 10µM; 0.1% DMF as a cosolvent) were added to sodium phosphate buffer (0.1M; pH 7.4) containing HRP (0.2µM). The fluorescence intensities were measured at excitation wavelength of 490nm and fluorescence emission wavelength of 515nm.
Related Products
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Peroxynitrite / Scavengers / Detection • Dyes / Stains / Fluorescent Probes / Fluorescent Labels
 
 
ALX-620-076 Revised 22-Apr-08
ZnAF-2 DA
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SYNONYMS 6-[N-[N',N'-bis(2-Pyridinylmethyl)-2-aminoethyl]amino-3',6'-bis(acetyloxy)-spiro[isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-[9H]xanthen]-3-one
PRODUCT LINE Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY Oxidative Stress Markers & Reagents / Related Products
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-620-076-M001   1 mg 380.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C38H32N4O7
MW: 656.7
CAS NUMBER: 357339-96-9
CONCENTRATION: ~5mM
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
FORMULATION: Liquid. In DMSO.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Prepare 500-5’000-fold dilution (~10-1µM) in HEPES buffer (0.1M phosphate, pH 7.4) immediately before use. BSA, phenol red and amines may affect the fluorescence and must be used with caution. Do not store the dilutions.
HANDLING: Protect from light. Keep under inert gas. After opening, prepare aliquots and store at -20°C.

Product Images
Please click on thumbnails to enlarge.
Product Description
Cell permeable derivative of ZnAF-2 (Prod. No. ALX-620-072). Fluorescent reagent (Ex(max): 492nm; Em(max): 514nm) for the detection of low concentration of zinc ion due to its strong affinity to zinc ion (dissociation constant: 2.7nM). The sample zinc ion can be specifically detected. Low background fluorescense supersensitizes the visualization for in vivo sample zinc ion.
Product Specific Literature References
Highly Zinc-Selective Fluorescent Sensor Molecules Suitable for Biological Applications : T. Hirano, et al.; JACS 122, 12399 (2000) Full Text
Mossy fiber Zn2+ spillover modulates heterosynaptic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activity in hippocampal CA3 circuits: S. Ueno, et al.; J. Cell Biol. 158, 215 (2002) Abstract; Full Text
Improvement and biological applications of fluorescent probes for zinc, ZnAFs: T. Hirano, et al.; JACS 124, 6555 (2002) Abstract
General Information
Zinc (Zn) is the second most abundant transition metal in the body ant it is essential as catalytic, structural and regulatory ion. Zinc ions are involved in homeostasis, immune responses, oxidative stress, apoptosis and aging. Zinc has been proposed to function as a conventional neurotransmitter for the presynaptic neuron and as a transmembrane signal to traverse the postsynaptic neuron. Aberrant zinc metabolism is associated with many neurological diseases including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and epilepsy. The most suitable technique for in vivo monitoring of zinc has been proven to be fluroescent imaging.
BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION Biological Applications:
1) Zn2+ imaging with macrophage (RAW 264.7) (Figure 2)
Culture: 37°C, 5% CO2, 95% air, Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium, 10% fetal bovine serum, 1% penicillin and streptomycin.
Washing: Washed twice with PBS.
Staining: Incubation with PBS containing 10µm ZnAF-2 DA at 37°C for 0.5 hours.
Measure: Measured using a fluorescence microscope.
Result: An increase of the fluorescence intensity was observed within intercellular region (1-3) as the concentration of zinc was increased by adding 5µM of pyrithione and 50µM of zinc sulfate into extracellular fluid at 5 min after start of measurement. Few changes appeared within extracellular region (4). After 20 min, the fluorescence intensity decreased as the concentration of zinc ion in cells was decreased by the addition of TPEN (Prod. No. ALX-450-011) to the extracellular fluid.

Imaging of rat hippocampal slides (Figure 3)
Preparation of slides: Whole brain including hippocampus was removed under Ringer's solution and cut into 300µm thick slides. The slides were put into Ringer's solution at 30°C for 30 min.
Staining: The slides were put into Ringer's solution containing 10µM ZnAF-2 DA and incubated at room temperature for 1.5 hours.
Washing: Slides were washed for 1.5 hours.
Measure: Slides were placed in the chamber which was set on a stage of the fluorescence microscope. Ringer's solution was perfused in the chamber at 2.5ml/min. The inside temperature of the chamber was 33-34°C. The Ringer's solution was consistently being bubbled with 5% CO2, 95% air.

Changes in the imaging fluorescence of the hippocampal slides stained with ZnAF-2 DA with time (Figure 4)
Changes in the fluorescence intensity (the starting intensity is 1 and the changes of the ratio are showed in artifical colors) as the ischemic stimulation, in which concentrations of glucose and oxygen in the perfusion liquid were decreased, was given. Intensification of the alternative fluorescence was showed in CA1 (1 and 2). It is believed that the intensification physiologically implied the involvement in the alternative death of nerve cells during cerebral ischemia (caused in CA1).
General Literature References
Fluorescent detection of zinc in biological systems: recent development on the design of chemosensors and biosensors : P. Jiang & Z. Guo; Coord. Chem. Rev. 248, 205 (2004) Full Text
Zinc: a multipurpose trace element: M. Stefanidou, et al.; Arch. Toxicol. 80, 1 (2006) Abstract
Sticky fingers: zinc-fingers as protein-recognition motifs: R. Gamsjaeger, et al.; TIBS 32, 63 (2007) Abstract
Mechanism and regulation of cellular zinc transport: I. Sekler, et al.; Mol. Med. 13, 337 (2007) Abstract; Full Text
Related Products
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Peroxynitrite / Scavengers / Detection • Dyes / Stains / Fluorescent Probes / Fluorescent Labels
 
 
ALX-630-089 Revised 16-Sep-08
Ochratoxin A
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Mycotoxins
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ALX-630-089-M001   1 mg 40.00 USD