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ALX-350-329

Revised 21-May-08

Allicin
SYNONYMS	2-Propene-1-sulfinothioic acid S-2-propenyl ester Diallyl thiosulfinate
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Natural Products - Antioxidants

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-350-329-M001		1 mg	200.00 USD
ALX-350-329-M005		5 mg	690.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₆H₁₀OS₂
MW:	162.3
CAS NUMBER:	539-86-6
MERCK INDEX:	14: 261
SOURCE/HOST:	Synthetic.
PURITY:	≥98%
APPEARANCE:	Clear to slightly yellow liquid.
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C

Product Description

Active metabolite of garlic. Exhibits antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiproliferative, chemopreventive, antihyperlipidaemic and antihypertensive effects. Inhibits telomerase activity. Induces apoptosis. Also inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS; NOS II) expression.

Product Specific Literature References

Allicin from garlic strongly inhibits cysteine proteinases and cytopathic effects of Entamoeba histolytica: S. Ankri, et al.; Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 41, 2286 (1997) Abstract
Effect of allicin and ajoene, two compounds of garlic, on inducible nitric oxide synthase: V.M. Dirsch, et al.; Atherosclerosis 139, 333 (1998) Abstract
Antimicrobial properties of allicin from garlic: S. Ankri & D. Mirelman; Microbes Infect. 1, 125 (1999), Review Abstract
Effect of purified allicin, the major ingredient of freshly crushed garlic, on cancer cell proliferation: K. Hirsch, et al.; Nutr. Cancer 38, 245 (2000) Abstract
The effects of allicin and enalapril in fructose-induced hyperinsulinemic hyperlipidemic hypertensive rats: A. Elkayam, et al.; Am. J. Hypertens. 14, 377 (2001) Abstract
Effects of allicin on both telomerase activity and apoptosis in gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells: L. Sun & X. Wang; World J. Gastroenterol. 9, 1930 (2003) Abstract
Allicin (from garlic) induces caspase-mediated apoptosis in cancer cells: S. Oommen, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 485, 97 (2004) Abstract
Antibacterial activity of a new, stable, aqueous extract of allicin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: R.R. Cutler & P. Wilson; Br. J. Biomed. Sci. 61, 71 (2004) Abstract
The pungency of garlic: activation of TRPA1 and TRPV1 in response to allicin: L.J. Macpherson, et al.; Curr. Biol. 15, 929 (2005) Abstract
An overview of the antifungal properties of allicin and its breakdown products--the possibility of a safe and effective antifungal prophylactic: S.R. Davis; Mycoses 48, 95 (2005), Review Abstract
Thiolsulfinate allicin from garlic: inspiration for a new antimicrobial agent: R. Hunter, et al.; Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1056, 234 (2005), Review Abstract
The antioxidant properties of garlic compounds: allyl cysteine, alliin, allicin, and allyl disulfide: L.Y. Chung; J. Med. Food 9, 205 (2006) Abstract
Effect of raw garlic vs commercial garlic supplements on plasma lipid concentrations in adults with moderate hypercholesterolemia: a randomized clinical trial: C.D. Gardner, et al.; Arch. Intern. Med. 167, 346 (2007) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Active Substances from Fruit and Vegetables • NOS Inhibitors (NOS Induction & Enzyme Activity) • Natural Products - Chemopreventive Agents • Antitumor Agents (Anti-proliferative) • Natural Products with Antibiotic Activity • Natural Products - Nitric Oxide Pathway Modulators • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • TRPV1 Agonists and Antagonists / Related Products

ALX-460-001

Revised 13-Mar-06

L-(+)-Ascorbic acid
SYNONYMS	Vitamin C
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Vitamins

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-460-001-G010		10 g	20.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₆H₈O₆
MW:	176.1
CAS NUMBER:	50-81-7
MERCK INDEX:	14: 830
PURITY:	≥97%
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water, 100% ethanol or methanol.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+20°C
USE/STABILITY:	Aqueous solutions are easily oxidized. Stable at pH 5.0-6.0.

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • Natural Products - Chemopreventive Agents • Natural Products - Antioxidants • Active Substances from Fruit and Vegetables

ALX-350-220

Revised 05-May-08

Cafestol
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Natural Products - Chemopreventive Agents

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-350-220-M050		50 mg	160.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₂₀H₂₈O₃
MW:	316.4
CAS NUMBER:	469-83-0
MERCK INDEX:	14: 1634
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from the unsaponifiable fraction of petroleum ether extract of coffee beans.
PURITY:	≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol or ethyl acetate.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
IDENTITY:	Identity determined by ¹H-NMR.

Product Description

Inducer of glutathione S-transferases. Has chemoprotective activity, reducing the genotoxicity of several carcinogens.

Product Specific Literature References

R.O. Bengis and R.J. Anderson; J. Biol. Chem. 47, 99 (1932)
K.H. Slotta and K. Neisser; Ber. 71, 1991 (1938)
Isolation and identification of kahweol palmitate and cafestol palmitate as active constituents of green coffee beans that enhance glutathione S-transferase activity in the mouse: L.K.T. Lam, et al.; Cancer Res. 42, 1193 (1982)
The coffee-specific diterpenes cafestol and kahweol protect against aflatoxin B1-induced genotoxicity through a dual mechanism: C. Cavin, et al.; Carcinogenesis 19, 1369 (1998) Abstract
Cafestol and kahweol, two coffee specific diterpenes with anticarcinogenic activity: C. Cavin, et al.; Food Chem. Toxicol. 40, 1155 (2002) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Cytochrome P450 [CYP450] / Related Products • Glutathione S-Transferase • Active Substances from Fruit and Vegetables

ALX-270-231

Revised 28-Feb-08

Caffeic acid
SYNONYMS	3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-270-231-M250		250 mg	10.00 USD
ALX-270-231-G001		1 g	14.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₉H₈O₄
MW:	180.2
CAS NUMBER:	331-39-5
MERCK INDEX:	14: 1635
SOURCE/HOST:	Synthetic.
PURITY:	≥97%
APPEARANCE:	Off-white to brown crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in 100% ethanol, DMSO or dimethyl formamide; also soluble in PBS, pH 7.2.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+20°C
USE/STABILITY:	Stable for at least 2 years when stored at +20°C. Organic stock solutions are stable for at least 6 months when stored at –20 °C. Store aqueous solutions of the product on ice and use within 12 hours of preparation.

Product Description

Naturally occuring phenolic compound found in many fruits, vegetables and herbs, including coffee. Shows anti-tumor, antiviral, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Inhibitor of 5- and 12-lipoxygenase (LO).

Product Specific Literature References

Caffeic acid is a selective inhibitor for leukotriene biosynthesis: Y. Koshihara, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 792, 92 (1984) Abstract
Inhibitory effect of caffeic acid esters on azoxymethane-induced biochemical changes and aberrant crypt foci formation in rat colon: C.V. Rao, et al.; Cancer Res. 53, 4182 (1993) Abstract
Inhibition of arachidonate lipoxygenase activities by 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanol, a phenolic compound from olives: N. Kohyama, et al.; Biosci. Biotech. Biochem. 61, 347 (1997) Abstract
Caffeic acid derivatives: in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties: F.M. da Cunha, et al.; Free Radic. Res. 38, 1241 (2004) Abstract
Novel and therapeutic effect of caffeic acid and caffeic acid phenyl ester on hepatocarcinoma cells: complete regression of hepatoma growth and metastasis by dual mechanism: T.W. Chung, et al.; FASEB J. 18, 1670 (2004) Abstract
Anti-HIV activities of natural antioxidant caffeic acid derivatives: toward an antiviral supplementation diet: F. Bailly & P. Cotelle; Curr. Med. Chem. 12, 1811 (2005) Abstract

Related Products

ALX-270-244	Caffeic acid phenylethyl ester
ALX-270-480	Caffeic acid ethyl ester

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Natural Products - Chemopreventive Agents • Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors • Active Substances from Fruit and Vegetables • Lipoxygenases / Related Products • Natural Products - Antioxidants • Natural Products - Antiviral / anti-HIV Agents • Phenolic Acids

ALX-550-322

Revised 11-Nov-08

Caffeine
SYNONYMS	1,3,7-Trimethylxanthine 3,7-Dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Natural Products for Neurological Research

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-550-322-G005		5 g	10.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₈H₁₀N₄O₂
MW:	194.2
CAS NUMBER:	58-08-2
MERCK INDEX:	14: 1636
SOURCE/HOST:	Found in tea leaves, coffee beans, cocoa beans, maté leaves, guarana paste and kola nuts.
PURITY:	≥99%
APPEARANCE:	White to colorless powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in chloroform, 100% alcohol or hot water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+20°C
HAZARD:	HARMFUL.
IDENTITY:	Identity determined by NIR.

Product Description

CNS stimulant. Blocks adenosine A1 and A2A receptors. cAMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Interferes with the uptake and storage of Ca2+ by the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle. Prevents apoptosis and cell cycle effects induced by various chemicals. Inhibits cellular DNA repair mechanisms. Anti-inflammatory.

Product Specific Literature References

Analogues of caffeine and theophylline: effect of structural alterations on affinity at adenosine receptors: J.W. Daly, et al.; J. Med. Chem. 29, 1305 (1986) Abstract
Caffeine as an analgesic adjuvant: a review of pharmacology and mechanisms of action: J. Sawynok & T.L. Yaksh; Pharmacol. Rev. 45, 43 (1993) Abstract
Caffeine prevents apoptosis and cell cycle effects induced by camptothecin or topotecan in HL-60 cells: F. Traganos, et al.; Cancer Res. 53, 4613 (1993) Abstract
Multiple effects of caffeine on calcium current in rat ventricular myocytes: I. Zahradnik & P. Palade; Pfluegers Arch. 424, 129 (1993) Abstract
Acute effects of caffeine on arterial stiffness, wave reflections, and central aortic pressures: T.G. Papaioannou, et al.; Am. J. Hypertens. 18, 129 (2005), (Review) Abstract
Caffeine and the dopaminergic system: O. Cauli & M. Morelli; Behav. Pharmacol. 16, 63 (2005), (Review) Abstract
Immunomodulatory effects of caffeine: friend or foe: L. A. Horrigan, et al.; Pharmacol. Ther. 111, 877 (2006), (Review) Abstract
Novel neuroprotection by caffeine and adenosine A(2A) receptor antagonists in animal models of Parkinson’s disease: A. Kalda, et al.; J. Neurol. Sci. 248, 9 (2006), (Review) Abstract
The enigmatic effects of caffeine in cell cycle and cancer: A. M. & Bode and Z. Dong; Cancer Lett. 247, 26 (2007), (Review) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Natural Products - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators • Ca2+ Modulators • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • Natural Products - Chemopreventive Agents • Neuroactive Agents Other Products • Alkaloids • Active Substances from Fruit and Vegetables • Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents • DNA Repair Other Products • Other Natural Products - DNA Regulation / Transcription • Natural Products for Cell Cycle Research • Phosphodiesterases / Related Products

ALX-350-320

Revised 11-Mar-08

3,5-Di-O-caffeoylquinic acid
SYNONYMS	3,5-CQA Isochlorogenic acid
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Natural Products - Antioxidants

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-350-320-M001		1 mg	95.00 USD
ALX-350-320-M005		5 mg	380.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₂₅H₂₄O₁₂
MW:	516.5
CAS NUMBER:	2450-53-5
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Cynara scolymus.
PURITY:	≥97% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	Grey to yellow crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO or 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light.
IDENTITY:	Identity determined by ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR and MS.

Product Description

Antioxidant. Shows antiproliferative activity.

Product Specific Literature References

Biochemistry on postharvest metabolism and deterioration of some tropical tuberous crops: I. Uritani; Bot. Bull. Acad. Sinica 40, 177 (1999)
In vitro antioxidative effects and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of seven hydroxycinnamoyl derivatives in green coffee beans: K. Iwai, et al.; J. Agric. Food Chem. 52, 4893 (2004) Abstract
Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam "Tainong 57"): D.J. Huang, et al.; Bot. Bull. Acad. Sinica 45, 179 (2004)
Changes in caffeic acid derivatives in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) during cooking and processing: M. Takenaka, et al.; Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 70, 172 (2006) Abstract; Full Text

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Active Substances from Fruit and Vegetables • Free Radical Scavengers • Phenolic Acids

ALX-350-314

Revised 20-Dec-07

(+)-Calystegine B2
SYNONYMS	(1R,2S,3R,4S,5R)-8-Azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-1,2,3,4-tetrol
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Natural Products - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-350-314-M001		1 mg	90.00 USD
ALX-350-314-M005		5 mg	360.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₇H₁₃NO₄
MW:	175.2
CAS NUMBER:	127414-85-1
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Lycopersicon sp.
PURITY:	≥98%
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C

Product Description

Selective glycosidase inhibitor sharing such activity with other hydroxylated nitrogen containing bicyclic compounds like swainsonine (Prod. No. ALX-350-077), castanospermine (Prod. No. ALX-270-160), monocyclic deoxynojirimycin (Prod. No. ALX-580-003) or fagomine. Most abundant form is calystegine B2 occurring in almost all plants displaying calystegines. Inhibitory potency of calystegine B2 is comparable to other alkaloidal glycosidase inhibitors showing K_i values below 1µM.

Product Specific Literature References

Identification of the glycosidase inhibitors swainsonine and calystegine B2 in Weir vine (Ipomoea sp. Q6 [aff. calobra]) and correlation with toxicity: R.J. Molyneux, et al.; J. Nat. Prod. 58, 878 (1995) Abstract
The effects of calystegines isolated from edible fruits and vegetables on mammalian liver glycosidases: N. Asano, et al.; Glycobiology 70, 1085 (1997) Abstract
Synthesis and evaluation of calystegine B2 analogues as glycosidase inhibitors: M.I. Garcia-Moreno, et al.; J. Org. Chem. 66, 7604 (2001) Abstract
Biosynthesis of calystegines: 15N NMR and kinetics of formation in root cultures of Calystegia sepium: Y. Scholl, et al.; Phytochemistry 62, 325 (2003) Abstract
Chemistry and biology of calystegines: B. Drager; Nat. Prod. Rep. 21, 211 (2004) Abstract
Calystegines in potatoes with genetically engineered carbohydrate metabolism: U. Richter, et al.; J. Exp. Bot. 58, 1603 (2007) Abstract

Related Products

ALX-270-160	Castanospermine
ALX-350-077	Swainsonine
ALX-580-003	1-Deoxynojirimycin

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Active Substances from Fruit and Vegetables • Glycosidases / Related Products • Alkaloids

ALX-350-002

Revised 11-Nov-08

Canavanine . sulfate
SYNONYMS	L-α-Amino-γ-(guanidinooxy)-n-butyric acid . sulfate
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Natural Products - Nitric Oxide Pathway Modulators

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-350-002-M100		100 mg	25.00 USD
ALX-350-002-M500		500 mg	95.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₅H₁₂N₄O₃. H₂SO₄
MW:	176.2 . 98.1
CAS NUMBER:	2219-31-0
MERCK INDEX:	14: 1737
PURITY:	≥99% (TLC)
APPEARANCE:	White to-off white powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water (100mg/ml).
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
HAZARD:	HARMFUL.
IDENTITY:	Identity determined by IR.

Product Description

The non-protein amino acid L-canavanine is an analog of L-arginine. Selective inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS; NOS II) inhibitor. Induces apoptotic cell death and shows antiproliferative and immunotoxic effects.

Product Specific Literature References

Inhibition of the growth of human pancreatic cancer cells by the arginine antimetabolite L-canavanine: D.S. Swaffar, et al.; Cancer Res. 54, 6045 (1994) Abstract
Inhibition of nitric oxide formation with L-canavanine attenuates endotoxin-induced vascular hyporeactivity in the rat: M. Cai, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 295, 215 (1996) Abstract
Beneficial effects of L-canavanine, a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase, during rodent endotoxaemia: L. Liaudet, et al.; Clin. Sci. (London) 90, 369 (1996) Abstract
Effects of L-canavanine, an inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase, on endotoxin mediated shock in rats: Z. Fatehi-Hassanabad, et al.; Shock 6, 194 (1996) Abstract
L-Canavanine modulates cellular growth, chemosensitivity and P-glycoprotein substrate accumulation in cultured human tumor cell lines: D.R. Worthen, et al.; Cancer Lett. 132, 229 (1998) Abstract
Beneficial effects of L-canavanine, a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase, on lactate metabolism and muscle high energy phosphates during endotoxic shock in rats: B. Levy, et al.; Shock 11, 98 (1999) Abstract
L-canavanine, a selective inhibitor of inducible NO synthase, increases plasma endothelin-1 concentrations in dogs with endotoxic shock: C. Mitaka, et al.; J. Crit. Care 16, 17 (2001) Abstract
Quercetin, coenzyme Q10, and L-canavanine as protective agents against lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide generation in endotoxin-induced shock in rat brain: H.M. Abd El-Gawad & A.E. Khalifa; Pharmacol. Res. 43, 257 (2001) Abstract
Effect of L-canavanine, an Inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase, on myocardial dysfunction during septic shock: N. Suzuki, et al.; J. Nippon Med. Sch. 69, 13 (2002) Abstract; Full Text
The antiproliferative and immunotoxic effects of L-canavanine and L-canaline: A.K. Bence, et al.; Anticancer Drugs 13, 313 (2002) Abstract
Arginine antimetabolite L-canavanine induces apoptotic cell death in human Jurkat T cells via caspase-3 activation regulated by Bcl-2 or Bcl-xL: M.H. Jang, et al.; BBRC 295, 283 (2002) Abstract
L-Canavanine as a radiosensitization agent for human pancreatic cancer cells: A.K. Bence, et al.; Mol. Cell Biochem. 244, 37 (2003) Abstract
Comparative effects of vasopressin, norepinephrine, and L-canavanine, a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase, in endotoxic shock: B. Levy, et al.; Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 287, H209 (2004) Abstract; Full Text
L-arginine analogs as alternate substrates for nitric oxide synthase: S.D. Luzzi & M.A. Marletta; Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 15, 3934 (2005) Abstract
Role of non-protein amino acid L-canavanine in autoimmunity: J. Akaogi, et al.; Autoimmun. Rev. 5, 429 (2006) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

NOS Inhibitors (NOS Induction & Enzyme Activity) • Natural Products - Immunomodulators • Active Substances from Fruit and Vegetables • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors

ALX-550-066

Revised 03-Apr-08

(E)-Capsaicin
SYNONYMS	(E)-N-([4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl]methyl)-8-methyl-6-nonenamide trans-8-Methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Neurotoxins

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-550-066-M100		100 mg	48.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₁₈H₂₇NO₃
MW:	305.4
CAS NUMBER:	404-86-4
MERCK INDEX:	14: 1768
RTECS:	RA8530000
SOURCE/HOST: