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Oxidative Stress
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ALX-350-365 Revised 07-Oct-08
Cinnamtannin B-1
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SYNONYMS Epicatechin-(4β→8,2β→O→7)-epicatechin-(4α→8)-epicatechin
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-350-365-M005   5 mg 230.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C45H36O18
MW: 864.7
CAS NUMBER: 88082-60-4
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Laurus nobilis L.
PURITY: ≥90% (1H-NMR)
APPEARANCE: Brown solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol, methanol or in a mixture of DMSO and water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light. Keep under inert gas.

Product Description
A-type proanthocyanidin contained in several plant species such as Laurus nobilis L., Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Parameria laevigata, Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Lindera umbellata. Potent antioxidant. Protective agent against oxidative stress and apoptosis in human platelets.
Product Specific Literature References
Pharmacological Studies on Linderae umbellatae Ramus, IV*. Effects of condensed tannin related compounds on peptic activity and stress-induced gastric lesions in mice: N. Ezaki, et al.; Planta Med. 51, 34 (1985) Abstract
Antitumor agents, 129. Tannins and related compounds as selective cytotoxic agents: Y. Kashiwada, et al.; J. Nat. Prod. 55, 1033 (1992) Abstract
Antioxidant activity of tannin components from Vaccinium vitis-idaea L: K.Y. Ho, et al.; J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 51, 1075 (1999) Abstract
Studies on the constituents of bark of Parameria laevigata Moldenke: K. Kamiya, et al.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. 49, 551 (2001) Abstract; Full Text
Cinnamtannin B1 activity on adipocytes formation: M. Taher, et al.; Med. J. Malaysia 59, 97 (2004) Abstract
Phenolic constituents in the fruits of Cinnamomum zeylanicum and their antioxidant activity: G.K. Jayaprakasha, et al.; J. Agric. Food Chem. 54, 1672 (2006) Abstract
Characterization of the intracellular mechanisms involved in the antiaggregant properties of cinnamtannin B-1 from bay wood in human platelets: N. Ben Amor, et al.; J. Med. Chem. 50, 3937 (2007) Abstract
Cinnamtannin B-1 from bay wood exhibits antiapoptotic effects in human platelets: A. Bouaziz, et al.; Apoptosis 12, 489 (2007) Abstract
Cinnamtannin B-1 from bay wood reduces abnormal intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and platelet hyperaggregability in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: A. Bouaziz, et al.; Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 457, 235 (2007) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Active Substances from Fruit and Vegetables • Flavanols • Natural Products - Antioxidants
 
 
ALX-350-384 Revised 07-Oct-08 New product
Hispolon
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-350-384-M005   5 mg 70.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-384-M025   25 mg 280.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C12H12O4
MW: 220.2
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: Yellow solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
IDENTITY: Identity determined by 1H-NMR.

Product Description
Polyphenolic compound. Induces ROS-mediated apoptosis. Has antiviral activity.
Product Specific Literature References
Inhibition of chemiluminescence response of human mononuclear cells and suppression of mitogen-induced proliferation of spleen lymphocytes of mice by hispolon and hispidin: N.A. Ali, et al.; Pharmazie 51, 667 (1996) Abstract
Antiviral activity of Inonotus hispidus: N.A. Awadh Ali, et al.; Fitoterapia 74, 483 (2003) Abstract
Hispolon induces apoptosis in human gastric cancer cells through a ROS-mediated mitochondrial pathway: W. Chen, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 45, 60 (2008) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Natural Products - Antiviral / anti-HIV Agents • Polyphenols Other Products
 
 
ALX-380-015 Revised 08-Oct-07
Mycophenolic acid
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SYNONYMS 6-(4-Hydroxy-6-methoxy-7-methyl-3-oxo-5-phthalanyl)-4-methyl-4-hexanoic acid
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics - Immunomodulators
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-380-015-M050   50 mg 30.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-015-M250   250 mg 105.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-015-G001   1 g 310.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C17H20O6
MW: 320.3
CAS NUMBER: 24280-93-1
MERCK INDEX: 14: 6327
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Penicillium brevi-compactum.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in methanol or methylene chloride; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +20°C
HAZARD: TOXIC.

Product Description

Immunosuppressive agent that inhibits de novo purine nucleotide synthesis via inhibition of inosine-5’-monophosphate (IMP). Prevents the formation of xanthosine-5’-monophosphate (XMP) and guanosine-5’-monophosphate (GMP). Depletes tetrahydrobiopterin and decreases nitric oxide (NO) production by iNOS (NOS II) without affecting nNOS (NOS I) activity. Suppresses cytokine-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in mouse and rat vascular endothelial cells.
Product Specific Literature References
Guanine nucleotide depletion and toxicity in mouse T lymphoma (S-49) cells: M.B. Cohen, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 256, 8713 (1981) Abstract; Full Text
Pharmacodynamic assessment of mycophenolic acid-induced immunosuppression by measuring IMP dehydrogenase activity: L.J. Langman, et al.; Clin. Chem. 41, 295 (1995) Abstract
Mycophenolic acid, an inhibitor of IMP dehydrogenase that is also an immunosuppressive agent, suppresses the cytokine-induced nitric oxide production in mouse and rat vascular endothelial cells: M. Senda, et al.; Transplantation 60, 1143 (1995) Abstract
Mycophenolate mofetil and its mechanisms of action: A.C. Allison & E.M. Eugui; Immunopharmacology 47, 85 (2000) Abstract
Mycophenolic acid downregulates inducible nitric oxide synthase induction in astrocytes: D. Miljkovic, et al.; Glia 39, 247 (2002) Abstract
Mycophenolic acid inhibits inosine 5´-monophosphate dehydrogenase and suppresses production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, nitric oxide, and LDH in macrophages: C.A. Jonsson & H. Carlsten; Cell Immunol. 216, 93 (2002) Abstract
Inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibition by mycophenolic acid: D. Miljkovic, et al.; Mini Rev. Med. Chem. 4, 741 (2004), Review Abstract
Antifibrotic actions of mycophenolic acid: C. Morath, et al.; Clin. Transplant. 20, 25 (2006), Review Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Antibiotics - Nitric Oxide Pathway Modulators • Phenolic Acids
 
 
ALX-380-036 Revised 10-Dec-07
Oligomycin A
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors
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ALX-380-036-M005   5 mg 140.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C45H74O11
MW: 791.1
CAS NUMBER: 579-13-5
MERCK INDEX: 14: 6833
RTECS: RK3328000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces sp. MST-AS5339.
PURITY: ≥95% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol, methanol, dimethyl formamide or DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: MAY BE MUTAGENIC. HARMFUL.

Product Description
Major component of the oligomycin complex. Macrolide antibiotic that inhibits membrane bound mitochondrial ATPase (F1F0), preventing phosphoryl group transfer. Induces apoptosis. Induces autophagy in the IPLB-LdFB insect cell line.
Product Specific Literature References
Production and isolation of the antibiotic, oligomycin: J. Visser, et al.; J. Biochem. Microbiol. Technol. Egr. 2, 31 (1960) Abstract
The BH3 domain is required for caspase-independent cell death induced by Bax and oligomycin: M.E. Fitch, et al.; Cell Death Differ. 7, 338 (2000) Abstract; Full Text
Oligomycin, inhibitor of the F0 part of H+-ATP-synthase, suppresses the TNF-induced apoptosis: L.A. Shchepina, et al.; Oncogene 21, 8149 (2000) Abstract; Full Text
Mitochondria-targeting drug oligomycin blocked P-glycoprotein activity and triggered apoptosis in doxorubicin-resistant HepG2 cells: Y.C. Li, et al.; Chemotherapy 50, 55 (2004) Abstract
Oligomycin A induces autophagy in the IPLB-LdFB insect cell line: G. Tettamanti, et al.; Cell Tissue Res. 326, 179 (2006) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Antibiotics - ATPase Inhibitors • H+-ATPase / Related Products • Respiratory Chain Other Products • Antibiotics - Antifungal • Antitumor Antibiotics
 
 
ALX-380-037 Revised 20-Jun-08
Oligomycin
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors
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ALX-380-037-M005   5 mg 50.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-037-M010   10 mg 95.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
MW: 789.3
CAS NUMBER: 1404-19-9
MERCK INDEX: 14: 6833
RTECS: RK3325000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces diastatochromogens.
PURITY: ≥90% (mixture of oligomycin A, B, and C (~65% oligomycin A))
APPEARANCE: White to faint yellow powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol, methanol (10mg/ml) or acetone (50mg/ml).
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: HARMFUL. MAY BE MUTAGENIC.

Product Description
Macrolide antibiotic that inhibits membrane bound mitochondrial ATPase (F1), preventing phosphoryl group transfer. Induces apoptosis.
Product Specific Literature References
Inhibition of the Na(+)-Ca++ exchanger enhances anoxia and glucopenia- induced [3H]aspartate release in hippocampal slices: S. Amoroso, et al.; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 264, 515 (1993) Abstract
Cyclosporin A suppression of uncoupling in liver mitochondria of ground squirrel during arousal from hibernation: N.N. Brustovetsky, et al.; FEBS Lett. 315, 233 (1993) Abstract
The lipophilic weak base (Z)-5-methyl-2-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethenyl]-4- piperidinopyridine (AU-1421) is a potent protonophore type cationic uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria: H. Nagamune, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1141, 231 (1993) Abstract
Mitochondrial respiratory chain inhibitors induce apoptosis: E.J. Wolvetang, et al.; FEBS Lett. 339, 40 (1994) Abstract
Dissociation of phagocyte recognition of cells undergoing apoptosis from other features of the apoptotic program: J. Zhuang, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 273, 15628 (1998) Abstract; Full Text
Apoptosis in factor-dependent haematopoietic cells is linked to calcium- sensitive mitochondrial rearrangements and cytoskeletal modulation: J. Garland, et al.; Br. J. Haematol. 109, 221 (2000) Abstract
Properties of DNA fragmentation activity generated by ATP depletion: N. Nakamura & Y. Wada; Cell Death Differ. 7, 477 (2000) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
H+-ATPase / Related Products • Respiratory Chain Other Products • Antibiotics - ATPase Inhibitors • Antibiotics - Antifungal • Antitumor Antibiotics
 
 
ALX-380-038 Revised 10-Dec-07
Oligomycin B
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SYNONYMS 28-Oxooligomycin A
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors
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ALX-380-038-M005   5 mg 140.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C45H72O12
MW: 805.1
CAS NUMBER: 11050-94-5
MERCK INDEX: 14: 6833
RTECS: RK3330000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces sp. MST-AS5339.
PURITY: ≥95% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol, methanol, dimethyl formamide or DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: HARMFUL. MAY BE MUTAGENIC.

Product Description
Minor component of the oligomycin complex. Macrolide antibiotic that inhibits membrane bound mitochondrial ATPase (F1F0), preventing phosphoryl group transfer. Induces apoptosis.
Product Specific Literature References
Production and isolation of the antibiotic, oligomycin: J. Visser, et al.; J. Biochem. Microbiol. Technol. Egr. 2, 31 (1960) Abstract
The BH3 domain is required for caspase-independent cell death induced by Bax and oligomycin: M.E. Fitch, et al.; Cell Death Differ. 7, 338 (2000) Abstract; Full Text
Oligomycin, inhibitor of the F0 part of H+-ATP-synthase, suppresses the TNF-induced apoptosis: L.A. Shchepina, et al.; Oncogene 21, 8149 (2000) Abstract; Full Text
Mitochondria-targeting drug oligomycin blocked P-glycoprotein activity and triggered apoptosis in doxorubicin-resistant HepG2 cells: Y.C. Li, et al.; Chemotherapy 50, 55 (2004) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
H+-ATPase / Related Products • Respiratory Chain Other Products • Antibiotics - ATPase Inhibitors • Antitumor Antibiotics • Antibiotics - Antifungal
 
 
ALX-380-039 Revised 10-Dec-07
Oligomycin C
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SYNONYMS 12-Deoxyoligomycin A
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors
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ALX-380-039-M001   1 mg 330.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C45H74O10
MW: 775.1
CAS NUMBER: 11052-72-5
MERCK INDEX: 14: 6833
RTECS: RK3335000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces sp. MST-AS5339.
PURITY: ≥95% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol, methanol, dimethyl formamide or DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: MAY BE MUTAGENIC. HARMFUL.

Product Description
Minor component of the oligomycin complex. Macrolide antibiotic that inhibits membrane bound mitochondrial ATPase (F1F0), preventing phosphoryl group transfer. Induces apoptosis.
Product Specific Literature References
Production and isolation of the antibiotic, oligomycin: J. Visser, et al.; J. Biochem. Microbiol. Technol. Engr. 2, 31 (1960) Abstract
The BH3 domain is required for caspase-independent cell death induced by Bax and oligomycin: M.E. Fitch, et al.; Cell Death Differ. 7, 338 (2000) Abstract; Full Text
Oligomycin, inhibitor of the F0 part of H+-ATP-synthase, suppresses the TNF-induced apoptosis: L.A. Shchepina, et al.; Oncogene 21, 8149 (2002) Abstract; Full Text
Mitochondria-targeting drug oligomycin blocked P-glycoprotein activity and triggered apoptosis in doxorubicin-resistant HepG2 cells: Y.C. Li, et al.; Chemotherapy 50, 55 (2004) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
H+-ATPase / Related Products • Respiratory Chain Other Products • Antibiotics - ATPase Inhibitors • Antitumor Antibiotics • Antibiotics - Antifungal
 
 
ALX-380-047 Revised 20-Feb-08
Tunicamycin
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-380-047-M010   10 mg 82.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-047-M050   50 mg 350.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
CAS NUMBER: 11089-65-9
MERCK INDEX: 14: 9819
RTECS: YO7980200
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces lysosuperficus.
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
PURITY DETAIL: Mixture of tunicamycin A, B, C and D.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in methanol or DMSO (50mg/ml).
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HAZARD: VERY TOXIC.

Product Description
Nucleoside antibiotic that blocks the formation of protein N-glycosidic linkages by inhibiting the transfer of N-acetylglucosamine 1-phosphate to dolichol monophosphate.  Induces ER-stress following the inhibition of N-linked glycosylation.
Product Specific Literature References
Isolation and structures of components of Tunicamycin: T. Ito, et al.; Agric. Biol. Chem. 44, 695 (1980)
Separation of tunicamycin homologues by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography: W.C. Mahoney & D. Duksin; J. Chromatogr. 198, 506 (1980) Abstract
Relationship of the structure and biological activity of the natural homologues of tunicamycin: D. Duksin & W.C. Mahoney; J. Biol. Chem. 257, 3105 (1982) Abstract; Full Text
Tunicamycin inhibits the expression of functional thrombin receptors on human T-lymphoblastoid cells: A. Tordai, et al.; BBRC 206, 857 (1995) Abstract
Tunicamycin, a new antibiotic. I. Isolation and characterization of tunicamycin: A. Takatsuki, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 24, 215 (1971) Abstract
Tunicamycin inhibits NMDA and AMPA receptor responses independently of N-glycosylation: K. Maruo, et al.; Brain Res. 977, 294 (2003) Abstract
Tunicamycin enhances tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-induced apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells: T. Shiraishi, et al.; Cancer Res. 65, 6364 (2005) Abstract
Novel potential of tunicamycin as an activator of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor -- dioxin responsive element signaling pathway: K. Horikawa, et al.; FEBS Lett. 580, 3721 (2006) Abstract
Tunicamycin sensitizes human melanoma cells to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-induced apoptosis by up-regulation of TRAIL-R2 via the unfolded protein response: C.C. Jiang, et al.; Cancer Res. 67, 5880 (2007) Abstract
Glycosylation modulates TRAIL-R1/death receptor 4 protein: different regulations of two pro-apoptotic receptors for TRAIL by tunicamycin: T. Yoshida, et al.; Oncol. Rep. 18, 1239 (2007) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Endoplasmatic Reticulum Stress • Autophagy Other Products
 
 
ALX-380-058 Revised 09-Oct-08
Citrinin
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SYNONYMS Antimycin
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics Other Products
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-380-058-M001   1 mg 15.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-058-M005   5 mg 60.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-058-M010   10 mg 105.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-058-M025   25 mg