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ALX-450-001 Revised 23-Jul-08
A23187 (free acid)
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SYNONYMS Calcium Ionophore A23187
Calcimycin
Antibiotic A23187
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics - Ionophores
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-450-001-M001   1 mg 28.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-450-001-M005   5 mg 65.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-450-001-5001   5x1 mg 80.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-450-001-M010   10 mg 92.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-450-001-M025   25 mg 195.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-450-001-M050   50 mg 350.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C29H37N3O6
MW: 523.6
CAS NUMBER: 52665-69-7
MERCK INDEX: 14: 1639
RTECS: DM4676000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces chartreusis.
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol or methylene chloride; slightly soluble in water. Solubilize in DMSO or ethanol prior to preparing aqueous solutions of very low concentrations.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
USE/STABILITY: In aqueous systems product may aggregate over time.
HANDLING: Protect from light. In aqueous systems, the product aggregates over time.
HAZARD: IRRITANT.

Product Description
Antibiotic possessing weak in vitro antimicrobial activity against gram positive bacteria and fungi. Divalent cation ionophore commonly used to increase intracellular Ca2+ levels in intact cells.
Product Specific Literature References
A23187: a divalent cation ionophore: P. W. Reed & H. A. Lardy; J. Biol. Chem. 247, 6970 (1972) Abstract
Effects of antibiotic ionophore, A23187, on oxidative phosphorylation and calcium transport of liver mitochondria: D.T. Wong, et al.; Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 156, 578 (1973) Abstract
Biological applications of ionophores: B.C. Pressman; Annu. Rev. Biochem. 45, 501 (1976), (Review) Abstract
Molecular mechanisms of endothelium-mediated vasodilation: R.R. Fiscus; Semin. Thromb. Hemost. 14 Suppl, 12 (1988), (Review) Abstract
Calcium ionophore A23187 action on cardiac myocytes is accompanied by enhanced production of reactive oxygen species: 1740, 481 (2005): T. Przygodzki, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1740, 481 (2005) Abstract
 
 
ALX-380-075 Revised 03-Apr-08
Antimycin A
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SYNONYMS Antipiricullin
Virosin
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors
Ordering Information
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ALX-380-075-M005   5 mg 20.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-075-M010   10 mg 33.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
CAS NUMBER: 1397-94-0
MERCK INDEX: 14: 714 (A1) & 715 (A3)
RTECS: CD0350000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces sp. Mixture of antimycin A's.
APPEARANCE: White to faint yellow powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol (50mg/ml).
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: TOXIC.

Product Description
Antibiotic. Induces apoptosis, which is not prevented by the presence of Bcl-2. Inhibits mitochondrial electron transport specifically between cytochromes b and c1.
Product Specific Literature References
The isolation and properties of antimycin A: B. R. Dunshee, et al.; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 71, 2436 (1949)
The effect of antimycin A on mouse liver inner mitochondrial membrane channel activity: M.L. Campo, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 267, 8123 (1992) Abstract; Full Text
Antimycin A mimics a cell-death-inducing Bcl-2 homology domain 3: S.P. Tzung, et al.; Nat. Cell Biol. 3, 183 (2001) Abstract
Biophysical characterization of recombinant human Bcl-2 and its interactions with an inhibitory ligand, antimycin A: K.M. Kim, et al.; Biochemistry 40, 4911 (2001) Abstract
Synthetic peptides and non-peptidic molecules as probes of structure and function of Bcl-2 family proteins and modulators of apoptosis: D. Liu & Z. Huang; Apoptosis 6, 453 (2001) Abstract
Antimycin A mimics a cell-death-inducing Bcl-2 homology domain 3: S.P. Tzung, et al.; Nat. Cell. Biol. 3, 183 (2001) Abstract
Oligomycin and antimycin A prevent nitric oxide-induced apoptosis by blocking cytochrome C leakage: N. Dairaku, et al.; J. Lab. Clin. Med. 143, 143 (2004) Abstract
An ROS generator, antimycin A, inhibits the growth of HeLa cells via apoptosis: W.H. Park, et al.; J. Cell. Biochem. 102, 98 (2007) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Bcl-2 Family ModulatorsRespiratory Chain Other Products
 
 
ALX-380-207 Revised 03-Apr-08
Apoptolidin
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors
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ALX-380-207-MC01   0.1 mg 290.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C58H96O21
MW: 1129.4
CAS NUMBER: 194874-06-1
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Amicolatopsis sp. MST-AS5912.
PURITY: ≥95% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol, methanol, dimethyl formamide or DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: HARMFUL.

Product Description
Originally isolated from Nocardiopsis sp. Antibiotic. Potent and highly selective apoptosis inducer in several cancer cell lines. F0F1-ATPase inhibitor.
Product Specific Literature References
Apoptolidin, a new apoptosis inducer in transformed cells from Nocardiopsis sp: J.W. Kim, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 50, 6628 (1997) Abstract
Understanding and exploiting the mechanistic basis for selectivity of polyketide inhibitors of F(0)F(1)-ATPase: A.R. Salomon, et al.; PNAS 97, 14766 (2000) Abstract; Full Text
Apoptolidin, a selective cytotoxic agent, is an inhibitor of F0F1-ATPase: A.R. Salomon, et al.; Chem. Biol. 8, 71 (2001) Abstract; Full Text
Apoptolidin: induction of apoptosis by a natural product: P.T. Daniel, et al.; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 45, 872 (2006) Abstract
Correlation of F0F1-ATPase inhibition and antiproliferative activity of apoptolidin analogues: P.A. Wender, et al.; Org. Lett. 8, 589 (2006) Abstract
 
 
ALX-380-108 Revised 03-Apr-08
Atpenin A5
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SYNONYMS 3-[(2S,4S,5R)-5,6-Dichloro-2,4-dimethyl-1-oxohexyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dimethoxy-2(1H)-pyridinone
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics - Antifungal
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ALX-380-108-C250   250 µg 90.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C15H21Cl2NO5
MW: 366.2
CAS NUMBER: 119509-24-9
RTECS: CJ8800000
SOURCE/HOST: Produced by Penicillium sp.
PURITY: ≥85% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: Colorless oil.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO, methanol or 100% ethanol; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C

Product Description
Antibiotic. Potent and specific inhibitor of mitochondrial complex II (succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase).
Product Specific Literature References
Atpenins, new antifungal antibiotics produced by Penicillium sp. Production, isolation, physico-chemical and biological properties: S. Omura, et al.; J. Antibiot. 41, 1769 (1988) Abstract
The structures of atpenins A4, A5 and B, new antifungal antibiotics produced by Penicillium sp: H. Kumagai, et al.; J. Antibiot. 43, 1553 (1990) Abstract
Mechanism of action of atpenin B on Raji cells: K. Oshino, et al.; J. Antibiot. 43, 1064 (1990) Abstract
Atpenins, potent and specific inhibitors of mitochondrial complex II (succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase): H. Miyadera, et al.; PNAS 100, 473 (2003) Abstract
Structural and computational analysis of the quinone-binding site of complex II (succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase): a mechanism of electron transfer and proton conduction during ubiquinone reduction: R. Horsefield, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 281, 7309 (2006) Abstract; Full Text
General Information
MANUFACTURER Fungal strain courtesy of the Kitasato Institute, Tokyo.
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Respiratory Chain Other Products
 
 
ALX-385-029 Revised 07-Oct-08
4’-Bromoflavone
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SYNONYMS 4’-Bromo-2-phenylbenzopyran
4’-Bromo-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Flavones
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-385-029-G001   1 g 90.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C15H9BrO2
MW: 301.1
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: IRRITANT.

Product Description
Chemopreventive compound. Potent inducer of phase II detoxifying enzymes.
Product Specific Literature References
Simple vs. complex inheritance of inducible aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase in mouse tissues: K. Burki, et al.; Biochem. Genet. 13, 417 (1975) Abstract
Cancer chemopreventive activity mediated by 4’-bromoflavone, a potent inducer of phase II detoxification enzymes: L.L. Song, et al.; Cancer Res. 59, 578 (1999) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Natural Products - Chemopreventive AgentsRespiratory Chain Other Products
 
 
ALX-380-058 Revised 20-Oct-08
Citrinin
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SYNONYMS Antimycin
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics Other Products
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-380-058-M001   1 mg 15.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-058-M005   5 mg 60.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-058-M010   10 mg 105.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-058-M025   25 mg 210.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C13H14O5
MW: 250.3
CAS NUMBER: 518-75-2
MERCK INDEX: 14: 2327
RTECS: DJ2275000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Penicillium citrinum.
PURITY: ≥97% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: Yellow crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol, methanol, dioxane, pyridine or dichlormethane; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
USE/STABILITY: Solutions change color with changes in pH from yellow (pH 4.6) to red (pH 9.9).
HAZARD: TOXIC.
MELTINGPOINT: 110-112°C

Product Description
Antibiotic. Induces mitochondrial permeability pore opening and inhibits respiration by interfering with complex I of the respiratory chain. Mycotoxin. Acts as nephrotoxin in all species in which it has been tested. Has been implicated as a cause of Balkan nephropathy and yellow rice fever in humans. Induces apoptosis.
Product Specific Literature References
Mechanism of citrinin-induced dysfunction of mitochondria. III. Effects on renal cortical and liver mitochondrial swelling: G.M. Chagas, et al.; J. Appl. Toxicol. 15, 91 (1995) Abstract
Mycotoxins: J.W. Bennett & M. Klich; Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 16, 497 (2003) Abstract
Citrinin induces apoptosis in HL-60 cells via activation of the mitochondrial pathway: F.Y. Yu, et al.; Toxicol. Lett. 161, 143 (2006) Abstract
Citrinin induces apoptosis via a mitochondria-dependent pathway and inhibition of survival signals in embryonic stem cells, and causes developmental injury in blastocysts: W.H. Chan; Biochem. J. 404, 317 (2007) Abstract
 
 
ALX-350-028 Revised 12-Sep-08
Curcumin (high purity)
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SYNONYMS 1,7-bis(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione
Diferuloylmethane
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-350-028-M010   10 mg 15.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-028-M050   50 mg 60.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-028-M250   250 mg 240.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C21H20O6
MW: 368.4
CAS NUMBER: 458-37-7
MERCK INDEX: 14: 2673
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from turmeric (Curcuma longa).
PURITY: ≥98.5% (Note: This highly purified product is free of demethoxy- and bis-demethoxycurcumin and does not contain 30-40% bioactive impurities)
APPEARANCE: Orange-yellow crystalline powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in acetic acid or 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.

Product Description
Dual inhibitor of cyclooxygenase (COX) and 5-lipoxygenase. Also inhibits glutathione S-transferase, induction of nitric oxide (NO) in activated macrophages and inhibits EGF-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of EGF receptors. Antioxidant. Inhibitor of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), disrupting the binding of NQO1 to wild type p53 inducing ubiquitin-independent degradation of p53 and inhibits p53-mediated apoptosis in normal thymocytes and myeloid leukemic cells.
Product Specific Literature References
Modification of certain inflammation-induced biochemical changes by curcumin: R. Srivastava & R.C. Srimal; Indian J. Med. Res. 81, 215 (1985) Abstract
Inhibition of 5-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE) formation in intact human neutrophils by naturally-occurring diarylheptanoids: inhibitory activities of curcuminoids and yakuchinones: D.L. Flynn, et al.; Prostagl. Leukotr. Med. 22, 357 (1986) Abstract
Inhibitory effect of curcumin on epidermal growth factor receptor kinase activity in A431 cells: L. Korutla & R. Kumar; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1224, 597 (1994) Abstract
Curcumin, an anti-tumour promoter and anti-inflammatory agent, inhibits induction of nitric oxide synthase in activated macrophages: I. Brouet & H. Okshima; BBRC 206, 533 (1995) Abstract
Cytotoxicity and cytoprotective activities of natural compounds. The case of curcumin: J.N. Commandeur & N.P. Vermeulen; Xenobiotica 26, 667 (1996) Abstract
Nitric oxide scavenging by curcuminoids: Sreejayan & M.N. Rao; J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 49, 105 (1997) Abstract
Inhibitory effects of curcumin on tumorigenesis in mice: M.T. Huang, et al.; J. Cell. Biochem. (Suppl.) 27, 26 (1997) Abstract
In vivo inhibition of nitric oxide synthase gene expression by curcumin, a cancer preventive natural product with anti-inflammatory properties: M.M. Chan, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 55, 1955 (1998) Abstract
Effect of curcumin on the production of nitric oxide by cultured rat mammary gland: M. Onoda & H. Inano; Nitric Oxide 4, 505 (2000) Abstract
Suppression of nitric oxide oxidation to nitrite by curcumin is due to the sequestration of the reaction intermediate nitrogen dioxide, not nitric oxide: B.D. Johnston & E.G. DeMaster; Nitric Oxide 8, 231 (2003) Abstract
Biological properties of curcumin-cellular and molecular mechanisms of action: B. Joe, et al.; Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 44, 97 (2004), (Review) Abstract
Curcumin, a major constituent of turmeric, corrects cystic fibrosis defects: M.E. Egan, et al.; Science 304, 600 (2004) Abstract
Inhibition of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 activity and induction of p53 degradation by the natural phenolic compound curcumin: P. Tsvetkov, et al.; PNAS 102, 5535 (2005) Abstract
Immunomodulatory effects of curcumin: V.S. Yadav, et al.; Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol. 27, 485 (2005) Abstract
Curcumin, an atoxic antioxidant and natural NFkappaB, cyclooxygenase-2, lipooxygenase, and inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor: a shield against acute and chronic diseases: S. Bengmark; JPEN J. Parenter. Enteral. Nutr. 30, 45 (2006), (Review) Abstract
Curcumin is an inhibitor of p300 histone acetylatransferase: M.G. Marcu, et al.; Med. Chem. 2, 169 (2006) Abstract
Multiple biological activities of curcumin: a short review: R.K. Maheshwari, et al.; Life Sci. 78, 2081 (2006), (Review) Abstract
Curcumin inhibits hypoxia-induced angiogenesis via down-regulation of HIF-1: M.K. Bae, et al.; Oncol. Rep. 15, 1557 (2006) Abstract
Notch-1 down-regulation by curcumin is associated with the inhibition of cell growth and the induction of apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells: Z. Wang, et al.; Cancer 106, 2503 (2006) Abstract
Curcumin improves wound healing by modulating collagen and decreasing reactive oxygen species: M. Panchatcharam, et al.; Mol. Cell Biochem. 290, 87 (2006) Abstract
Inhibitory effect of curcumin on nitric oxide production from lipopolysaccharide-activated primary microglia: K.K. Jung, et al.; Life Sci. 79, 2022 (2006) Abstract
The dietary compound curcumin inhibits p300 histone acetyltransferase activity and prevents heart failure in rats: T. Morimoto, et al.; J. Clin. Invest. 118, 868 (2008) Abstract; Full Text
 
 
ALX-610-021 Revised 04-Nov-05
Dihydrorhodamine 123
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SYNONYMS DHR
PRODUCT LINE Other Products
PRODUCT CATEGORY Dyes / Stains / Fluorescent Probes / Fluorescent Labels
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-610-021-M005   5 mg 153.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-610-021-M010   10 mg 272.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C21H18N2O3
MW: 346.4
CAS NUMBER: 109244-58-8
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: Pink crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, DMSO or dimethyl formamide.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Stock solutions are stable for at least 6 months when stored at -20°C.

Product Description
Sensitive indicator of peroxynitrite formation. DHR is oxidized by peroxynitrite to the highly fluorescent product rhodamine. Formation of rhodamine can be monitored by fluorescence spectroscopy (Ex(max): 500nm, Em(max): 536nm), or by absorbance spectroscopy at 500nm (ε=78'800M-1cm-1). Neither nitric oxide, superoxide, nor hydrogen peroxide alone appear to oxidize DHR.
Product Specific Literature References
Peroxynitrite-mediated oxidation of dihydrorhodamine 123: N.W. Kooy, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 16, 149 (1994) Abstract
Attenuation of oxidation and nitration reactions of peroxynitrite by selenomethionine, selenocystine and ebselen: K. Briviba, et al.; Biochem. J. 319, 13 (1996) Abstract
Dichlorodihydrofluorescein and dihydrorhodamine 123 are sensitive indicators of peroxynitrite in vitro: implications for intracellular measurement of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species: J.P. Crow; Nitric Oxide 1, 145 (1997) Abstract
Glutathione peroxidase protects against peroxynitrite-mediated oxidations. A new function for selenoproteins as peroxynitrite reductase: H. Sies, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 272, 27812 (1997) Abstract; Full Text
Dihydrofluorescein diacetate is superior for detecting intracellular oxidants: comparison with 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, 5(and 6)-carboxy-2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate: S.L. Hempel, et al.; Free Radic. Biol. Med. 27, 146 (1999) Abstract
Detection of reactive nitrogen species using 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein and dihydrorhodamine 123: H. Ischiropoulos, et al.; Meth. Enzymol. 301, 367 (1999) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Respiratory Chain Other ProductsPeroxynitrite / Scavengers / Detection
 
 
ALX-270-003 Revised 08-Aug-08
Diphe