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Neurobiology
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ALX-630-075 Revised 10-Oct-08
α-Bungarotoxin
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SYNONYMS α-BuTx
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Neurotoxins
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ALX-630-075-M001   1 mg 65.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: H-Ile-Val-Cys-His-Thr-Thr-Ala-Thr-Ser-Pro-Ile-Ser-Ala-Val-Thr-Cys-Pro-Pro-Gly-Glu-Asn-Leu-Cys-Tyr-Arg-Lys-Met-Trp-Cys-Asp-Ala-Phe-Cys-Ser-Ser-Arg-Gly-Lys-Val-Val-Glu-Leu-Gly-Cys-Ala-Ala-Thr-Cys-Pro-Ser-Lys-Lys-Pro-Tyr-Glu-Glu-Val-Thr-Cys-Cys-Ser-Thr-Asp-Lys-Cys-Asn-Pro-His-Pro-Lys-Gln-Arg-Pro-Gly-OH
(Disulfide bonds between Cys3-Cys23, Cys16-Cys44, Cys29-Cys33, Cys48-Cys59 and Cys60-Cys65)
MW: 7984.2
CAS NUMBER: 11032-79-4
MERCK INDEX: 14: 1488
RTECS: EI6201400
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Bungarus multicinctus.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: Lyophilized.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water or aqueous buffers.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: HARMFUL.
Product Description
Post-synaptic neurotoxin that binds irreversibly to acetylcholine receptor sites, producing neuromuscular blockade and skeletal muscle paralysis. Prevents opening of nicotinic receptor-associated ion channels.
Product Specific Literature References
Use of a snake venom toxin to characterize the cholinergic receptor protein: J.P. Changeux, et al.; PNAS 67, 1241 (1970) Abstract
Amino acid sequence of alpha-bungarotoxin from the venom of Bungarus multicinctus: D. Mebs, et al.; BBRC 44, 711 (1971) Abstract
Elapid neurotoxins. Purification, characterization, and immunochemical studies of alpha-bungarotoxin: D.G. Clark, et al.; Biochemistry 11, 1663 (1972) Abstract
Purification, properties and amino acid sequence of alpha-bungarotoxin from the venom of Bungarus multicinctus: D. Mebs, et al.; Hoppe Seylers Z. Physiol. Chem. 353, 243 (1972) Abstract
alpha-Bungarotoxin binding sites in the CNS: B.J. Morley, et al.; Life Sci. 24, 859 (1979) Abstract
Alpha-bungarotoxin binding and central nervous system nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: R.E. Oswald & J.A. Freeman; Neuroscience 6, 1 (1981) Abstract
Determination of the primary amino acid sequence specifying the alpha-bungarotoxin binding site on the alpha subunit of the acetylcholine receptor from Torpedo californica: P.T. Wilson, et al.; PNAS 82, 8790 (1985) Abstract
The crystal structure of alpha-bungarotoxin at 2.5 A resolution: relation to solution structure and binding to acetylcholine receptor: R.A. Love & R.M. Stroud; Protein Eng. 1, 37 (1986) Abstract
Neuronal nicotinic alpha-bungarotoxin sites: M. Quik & S. Geertsen; Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 66, 971 (1988) Abstract
The fall and rise of neuronal alpha-bungarotoxin binding proteins: P.B. Clarke; TIPS 13, 407 (1992), (Review) Abstract
Three subtypes of alpha-bungarotoxin-sensitive nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are expressed in chick retina: K.T. Keyser, et al.; J. Neurosci. 13, 442 (1993) Abstract
Neuronal acetylcholine receptors that bind alpha-bungarotoxin mediate neurite retraction in a calcium-dependent manner: P.C. Pugh and D.K. Berg; J. Neurosci. 14, 889 (1994) Abstract
The alpha-bungarotoxin binding site on the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor: analysis using a phage-epitope library: M. Balass, et al.; PNAS 94, 6054 (1997) Abstract
Nicotine blocks TNF-alpha-mediated neuroprotection to NMDA by an alpha-bungarotoxin-sensitive pathway: N.G. Carlson, et al.; J. Neurobiol. 35, 29 (1998) Abstract
Alpha-Bungarotoxin binding to human muscle acetylcholine receptor measurement of affinity, delineation of AChR subunit residues crucial to binding, and protection of AChR function by synthetic peptide: A. Vincent, et al.; Neurochem. Int. 32, 427 (1998) Abstract
Alpha-bungarotoxin binding to acetylcholine receptor membranes studied by low angle X-ray diffraction: H.S. Young, et al.; Biophys. J. 83, 943 (2003) Abstract
Imaging of receptor trafficking by using alpha-bungarotoxin-binding-site-tagged receptors: Y. Sekine-Aizawa & R. L. Huganir; PNAS 101, 17114 (2004) Abstract
The cholinergic antagonist alpha-bungarotoxin also binds and blocks a subset of GABA receptors: C.M. McCann, et al.; PNAS 103, 5149 (2006) Abstract
MD and NMR studies of alpha-bungarotoxin surface accessibility: V. Venditti, et al.; Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun . 356, 114 (2007) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Acetylcholine Receptors (Nicotinic) / Related Products
 
 
ALX-630-050 Revised 10-Oct-08
β-Bungarotoxin
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SYNONYMS β-BuTx
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Neurotoxins
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ALX-630-050-M001   1 mg 60.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
MW: 6979.0
CAS NUMBER: 12778-32-4
MERCK INDEX: 14: 1488
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Bungarus multicinctus.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: Lyophilized.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water or aqueous buffers.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: HARMFUL.
Product Description
Presynaptic, neurotoxic phospholipase A2 activity.
Product Specific Literature References
Use of a snake venom toxin to characterize the cholinergic receptor protein: J.P. Changeux, et al.; PNAS 67, 1241 (1970) Abstract
Amino acid sequence of alpha-bungarotoxin from the venom of Bungarus multicinctus: D. Mebs, et al; BBRC 44, 711 (1971) Abstract
Alpha-bungarotoxin binding and central nervous system nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: R.E. Oswald; Neuroscience 6, 1 (1981) Abstract
Amino acid sequence of beta 2-bungarotoxin from Bungarus multicinctus venom. The amino acid substitutions in the B chains: K. Kondo, et al.; J. Biochem. 91, 1519 (1982) Abstract
Amino acid sequences of three beta-bungarotoxins (beta 3-, beta 4-, and beta 5- bungarotoxins) from Bungarus multicinctus venom. Amino acid substitutions in the A chains: K. Kondo; J. Biochem. 91, 1531 (1982) Abstract
Biochemical and electrophysiological demonstrations of the actions of beta-bungarotoxin on synapses in brain: J.V. Halliwell; J. Neurochem. 39, 543 (1982) Abstract
Solubilization and characterization of the beta-bungarotoxin-binding protein of chick brain membranes: H. Rehm & H. Betz; J. Biol. Chem. 259, 6865 (1984) Abstract; Full Text
Beta-bungarotoxin inhibits a non-inactivating potassium current in guinea pig dorsal root ganglion neurones: M. Petersen, et al.; Neurosci. Lett. 68, 141 (1986) Abstract
Cross-linking of beta-bungarotoxin to chick brain membranes. Identification of subunits of a putative voltage-gated K+ channel: R.R. Schmidt & H. Betz; Biochemistry 28, 8346 (1989) Abstract
Nucleotide sequence encoding beta-bungarotoxin A2-chain from the venom glands of Bungarus multicinctus: J.M. Danse, et al.; Nucl. Acids Res. 18, 4609 (1990) Abstract
Potassium channel toxins: P.N. Strong; Pharmacol. Ther. 46, 137 (1990), (Review) Abstract
Mechanism of action of beta-bungarotoxin, a presynaptically acting phospholipase A2 neurotoxin: its effect on protein phosphorylation in rat brain synaptosomes: E. Ueno & P. Rosenberg; Toxicon 34, 1219 (1996) Abstract
What does beta-bungarotoxin do at the neuromuscular junction?: E.G. Rowan; Toxicon 39, 107 (2001), (Review) Abstract
Induction by beta-bungarotoxin of apoptosis in cultured hippocampal neurons is mediated by Ca(2+)-dependent formation of reactive oxygen species: O. Shakhman, et al.; J. Neurochem. 87, 598 (2003) Abstract
Phospholipase A(2) activity of beta-bungarotoxin is essential for induction of cytotoxicity on cerebellar granule neurons: Y.J. Chen; J. Neurobiol. 64, 213 (2005) Abstract
Mechanism of beta-bungarotoxin in facilitating spontaneous transmitter release at neuromuscular synapse: J.C. Liou, et al.; Neuropharmacology 51, 671 (2006) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
K+ Channel Blockers & Inhibitors • PLA2
 
 
ALX-550-144 Revised 09-Dec-04
Buspirone . hydrochloride
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SYNONYMS 8-[4-[4-(2-Pyrimidinyl)-1-piperazinyl]butyl]-8-azaspiro[4,5]decane-7,9-dione . HCl
PRODUCT LINE Neurobiology
PRODUCT CATEGORY Serotonergics & Serotonin Receptors / Related Products
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ALX-550-144-G001   1 g 48.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C21H31N5O2 . HCl
MW: 385.5 . 36.5
CAS NUMBER: 33386-08-2
MERCK INDEX: 14: 1504
PURITY: ≥96%
APPEARANCE: White solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HAZARD: TOXIC.

Product Description
5-HT1A serotonin receptor agonist.
Product Specific Literature References
The discovery and development of buspirone: a new approach to the treatment of anxiety: J.S. New; Med. Res. Rev. 10, 283 (1990), (Review) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Dopaminergics & Dopamine Receptors / Related Products • Benzodiazepines / Related Products • Adrenergics & Adrenergic Receptors / Related Products
 
 
ALX-270-061 Revised 30-Oct-08
t-Butylhydroquinone
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SYNONYMS tBHQ
PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY Ca2+-ATPase / Related Products
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ALX-270-061-G010   10 g 30.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C10H14O2
MW: 166.2
CAS NUMBER: 1948-33-0
PURITY: ≥97%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO or methanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +20°C
IDENTITY: Identity determined by IR.

Product Description
Inhibitor of the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase. Activates extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 2 (ERK2).
Product Specific Literature References
Butylated hydroxyanisole and its metabolite tert-butylhydroquinone differentially regulate mitogen-activated protein kinases. The role of oxidative stress in the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases by phenolic antioxidants: R. Yu, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 272, 28962 (1997) Abstract; Full Text
Further Categories Containing This Product:
MAPK Pathway Activators
 
 
ALX-270-456 Revised 30-Jan-07
C2-8
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SYNONYMS N-(4-Bromophenyl)-3-[[(4-bromophenyl)amino]sulfonyl]benzamide
PRODUCT LINE Neurobiology
PRODUCT CATEGORY Neurodegenerative Diseases Other Products
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ALX-270-456-M001   1 mg 25.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-456-M005   5 mg 75.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C19H14Br2N2O3S
MW: 510.2
CAS NUMBER: 300670-16-0
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO or dioxane; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: IRRITANT.

Product Description
Cell permeable compound that potently inhibits polyglutamine (polyQ) aggregation  in Huntington’s disease (HD) neurons. Suppresses neurodegeneration in drosophila in vivo. Suspected to block the polymerization step of the polyQ aggregation.
Product Specific Literature References
A potent small molecule inhibits polyglutamine aggregation in Huntington’s disease neurons and suppresses neurodegeneration in vivo: X. Zhang, et al.; PNAS 102, 892 (2005) Abstract; Full Text
 
 
ALX-550-197 Revised 03-Mar-05
(S)-3C4H-PG
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SYNONYMS (S)-3-Carboxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycine
PRODUCT LINE Neurobiology
PRODUCT CATEGORY Glutamate Receptors (Metabotropic) / Related Products
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ALX-550-197-M001   1 mg 50.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-550-197-M005   5 mg 195.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C9H9NO5
MW: 211.2
CAS NUMBER: 55136-48-6
PURITY: ≥97%
APPEARANCE: White powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in dilute aqueous base.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +20°C

Product Description
Mixed group I mGluR antagonist and group II mGluR agonist.
Product Specific Literature References
Structure-activity relationships of new agonists and antagonists of different metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes: N. Sekiyama, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 117, 1493 (1996) Abstract
Phenylglycine derivatives as antagonists of metabotropic glutamate receptors: J. Watkins and G. Collingridge; TIPS 15, 333 (1994), (Review) Abstract
Pharmacological agents acting at subtypes of metabotropic glutamate receptors: D.D. Schoepp, et al.; Neuropharmacology 38, 1431 (1999), (Review) Abstract
 
 
ALX-550-196 Revised 03-Mar-05
(RS)-3C4H-PG
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SYNONYMS (RS)-3-Carboxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycine
PRODUCT LINE Neurobiology
PRODUCT CATEGORY Glutamate Receptors (Metabotropic) / Related Products
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ALX-550-196-M001   1 mg 30.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-550-196-M005   5 mg 120.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C9H9NO5
MW: 211.2
CAS NUMBER: 64043-84-1
PURITY: ≥97%
APPEARANCE: White powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in dilute aqueous base.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C

Product Specific Literature References
Phenylglycine derivatives as antagonists of metabotropic glutamate receptors: J. Watkins & G. Collingridge; TIPS 15, 333 (1994), (Review) Abstract
Pharmacological agents acting at subtypes of metabotropic glutamate receptors: D.D. Schoepp, et al.; Neuropharmacology 38, 1431 (1999), (Review) Abstract
 
 
ALX-550-119 Revised 03-Mar-05
(S)-4C3H-PG
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SYNONYMS (S)-4-Carboxy-3-hydroxyphenylglycine
PRODUCT LINE Neurobiology
PRODUCT CATEGORY Glutamate Receptors (Metabotropic) / Related Products
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ALX-550-119-M001   1 mg 45.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-550-119-M005   5 mg 180.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C9H9NO5
MW: 211.2
CAS NUMBER: 85148-82-9
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: White powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in dilute aqueous base.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +20°C

Product Description
Agonist for group II mGluRs. Competitive antagonist for group I mGluR1; mixed effects at mGluR5.
Product Specific Literature References
Phenylglycine derivatives as new pharmacological tools for investigating the role of metabotropic glutamate receptors in the central nervous system: E.F. Birse, et al.; Neuroscience 52, 481 (1993) Abstract
The metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist (+)-alpha-methyl-4- carboxyphenylglycine protects hippocampal CA1 neurons of the rat from in vitro hypoxia/hypoglycemia: T. Opitz, et al.; Neuropharmacology 33, 715 (1994) Abstract
Actions of phenylglycine analogs at subtypes of the metabotropic glutamate receptor family: C. Thomsen, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 267, 77 (1994) Abstract
Phenylglycine derivatives as antagonists of metabotropic glutamate receptors: J. Watkins & G. Collingridge; TIPS 15, 333 (1994), (Review) Abstract
Pharmacological analysis of 4-carboxyphenylglycine derivatives: comparison of effects on mGluR1 alpha and mGluR5a subtypes: A.E. Kingston, et al.; Neuropharmacology 34, 887 (1995) Abstract
Metabotropic receptors in excitotoxicity: (S)-4-carboxy-3- hydroxyphenylglycine ((S)-4C3HPG) protects against rat striatal quinolinic acid lesions: L.R. Orlando, et al.; Neurosci. Lett. 202, 109 (1995) Abstract
Structure-activity relationships of new agonists and antagonists of different metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes: N. Sekiyama, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 117, 1493 (1996) Abstract
(S)-4-carboxy-3-hydroxyphenylglycine activates phosphatidyl inositol linked metabotropic glutamate receptors in different brain regions of the neonatal rat: A.I. Sacaan, et al.; Neurochem. Int. 32, 77 (1998) Abstract
Pharmacological agents acting at subtypes of metabotropic glutamate receptors: D.D. Schoepp, et al.; Neuropharmacology 38, 1431 (1999), (Review) Abstract
 
 
ALX-550-198 Revised 03-Mar-05
(RS)-4C3H-PG
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SYNONYMS (RS)-4-Carboxy-3-hydroxyphenylglycine
PRODUCT LINE Neurobiology
PRODUCT CATEGORY Glutamate Receptors (Metabotropic) / Related Products
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ALX-550-198-M001   1 mg 20.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-550-198-M005   5 mg 50.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C9H9NO5
MW: 211.2
CAS NUMBER: 134052-66-7
PURITY: ≥97%
APPEARANCE: White powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in dilute aqueous base.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +20°C

Product Specific Literature References
Phenylglycine derivatives as antagonists of metabotropic glutamate receptors: J. Watkins & G. Collingridge; TIPS 15, 333 (1994), (Review) Abstract
Pharmacological agents acting at subtypes of metabotropic glutamate receptors: D.D. Schoepp, et al.; Neuropharmacology 38, 1431 (1999), (Review) Abstract
 
 
ALX-260-017 Revised 07-Jul-08
CA-074
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SYNONYMS N-[L-3-trans-Propylcarbamoyloxirane-2-carbonyl]-Ile-Pro-OH
PRODUCT LINE Cancer
PRODUCT CATEGORY Cathepsin Inhibitors
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ALX-260-017-M001   1 mg 210.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C18H29N3O6
MW: 383.5