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Calcium Signalling (Intracellular)
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ALX-350-027 Revised 19-Aug-08
Calphostin C
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SYNONYMS UCN-1028C
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Protein Kinase Inhibitors
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ALX-350-027-C100   100 µg 85.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-027-M001   1 mg 595.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C44H38O14
MW: 790.8
CAS NUMBER: 121263-19-2
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Cladosporium cladosporioides MST-FP1798.
PURITY: ≥95% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: Dark red solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol, methanol, DMSO or dimethyl formamide; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
USE/STABILITY: Stock solutions are stable for 3 months when stored at -20°C.
HANDLING: Protect from light.

Product Description
Potent and selective inhibitor of the protein kinase C (PKC) regulatory site of diacylglycerol and phorbol esters. At higher concentrations inhibits myosin light chain kinase, cAMP-dependent protein kinase, protein kinase G and pp60v-src protein tyrosine kinase. Induces apoptotic DNA fragmentation and cell death. Kills breast cancer cells. Has antiviral potential. Inhibits cardiac L-type Ca2+ channels.
Product Specific Literature References
Calphostin C (UCN-1028C), a novel microbial compound, is a highly potent and specific inhibitor of protein kinase C: E. Kobayashi, et al.; BBRC 159, 548 (1989) Abstract
Potent and specific inhibitors of protein kinase C of microbial origin: T. Tamaoki and H. Nakano; Biotechnology 8, 732 (1990) Abstract
Inhibition of protein kinase C by calphostin C is light-dependent: R.F. Bruns, et al.; BBRC 176, 288 (1991) Abstract
Irreversible oxidative inactivation of protein kinase C by photosensitive inhibitor calphostin C: R. Gopalakrishna, et al.; FEBS Lett. 314, 149 (1992) Abstract
Calphostin C, a specific protein kinase C inhibitor, activates human neutrophils: effect on phospholipase A2 and aggregation: S. Svetlov and S. Nigam; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1177, 75 (1993) Abstract
Induction of apoptotic DNA fragmentation and cell death in HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells by pharmacological inhibitors of protein kinase C: W.D. Jarvis, et al.; Cancer Res. 54, 1707 (1994) Abstract
Growth inhibition of herpes simplex virus-type 1 in calphostin C-treated astrocytes: C.G. Castagnino, et al.; Intervirology 38, 332 (1995) Abstract
Calphostin C, a widely used protein kinase C inhibitor, directly and potently blocks L-type Ca channels: H.C. Hartzell & A. Rinderknecht; Am. J. Physiol. 270, C1293 (1996) Abstract
Pharmacokinetic features and metabolism of calphostin C, a naturally occurring perylenequinone with antileukemic activity: C.L. Chen, et al.; Pharm. Res. 16, 1003 (1999) Abstract
Potent killing of paclitaxel- and doxorubicin-resistant breast cancer cells by calphostin C accompanied by cytoplasmic vacuolization: B. Guo, et al.; Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 82, 125 (2003) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors • PKA Inhibitors • PKC Inhibitors • PKG Inhibitors • Myosin Light Chain Kinase Inhibitors • Ca2+ Channels (L-type) • Natural Products - Antiviral/anti-HIV Agents • Natural Products - Antitumor Reagents • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors
 
 
ALX-201-269 Revised 18-Mar-08
Calreticulin (rabbit) (recombinant)
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PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY Calreticulin/Related Products
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ALX-201-269-C025   25 µg 170.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SOURCE/HOST: Produced in E. coli.
CONCENTRATION: 1.2mg/ml
PURITY: ≥99%
FORMULATION: Liquid. In 100mM HEPES, pH 7.5, containing 150mM NaCl and 5mM CaCl2.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON DRY ICE
SHORT TERM STORAGE: +4°C
LONG TERM STORAGE: -80°C
HANDLING: Avoid freeze/thaw cycles.
Product Specific Literature References
Delineation of the lectin site of the molecular chaperone calreticulin: S.P. Thomson and D.B. Williams; Cell Stress Chaperones 10, 242 (2005) Abstract
General Information
BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION Swiss-Prot link P15253: Calreticulin (rabbit)
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Endoplasmatic Reticulum Stress • ER-Golgi Intermediate Compartment [ERGIC]/Related Products • Recombinant Proteins/Fusion Proteins
 
 
ALX-270-171 Revised 30-Jun-08
Chlorpromazine . hydrochloride
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SYNONYMS 2-Chloro-10-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)phenothiazine . HCl
PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY Calmodulin Inhibitors
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ALX-270-171-G001   1 g 22.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-171-G005   5 g 66.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C17H19ClN2S . HCl
MW: 318.9 . 36.5
CAS NUMBER: 69-09-0
MERCK INDEX: 14: 2185
RTECS: SO1750000
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol, methanol or water (50mg/ml).
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
USE/STABILITY: Not stable in aqueous solution. We strongly recommend always to use freshly prepared solutions.
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: VERY TOXIC.

Product Description
Inhibits calmodulin stimulation of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase. Dopamine antagonist. D2 antagonist. H1 antagonist. Inhibits TNF-α production. Potent PLA2 inhibitor. Inhibits nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in mouse brain and prevents lipopolysaccharide induction of NOS in mouse lung. Antipsychotic.
Product Specific Literature References
Chlorpromazine as a substitute for ortho-dianisidine and ortho-tolidine in the determination of chlorine, hemoglobin, and peroxidase activity: H.B. Collier; Clin. Biochem. 7, 331 (1974) Abstract
Drug-protein interactions: binding of chlorpromazine to calmodulin, calmodulin fragments, and related calcium binding proteins: D.R. Marshak, et al.; Biochemistry 24, 144 (1985) Abstract
Selective inhibition of group II phospholipase A2 by quercetin: M. Lindahl & C. Tagesson; Inflammation 17, 573 (1993) Abstract
Chlorpromazine inhibits both the constitutive nitric oxide synthase and the induction of nitric oxide synthase after LPS challenge: M. Palacios, et al.; BBRC 196, 280 (1993) Abstract
Protective effect of calmodulin inhibitors against acute cyanide- induced lethality and convulsions in mice: H. Yamamoto; Toxicol. Lett. 66, 73 (1993) Abstract
Pharmacologic inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor production exert differential effects in lethal endotoxemia and in infection with live microorganisms in mice: M.G. Netea, et al.; J. Infect. Dis. 171, 393 (1995) Abstract
Pharmacological regulation of mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase: A. Boveris, et al.; Methods Enzymol. 359, 328 (2002) Abstract
Brain mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase: in vitro and in vivo inhibition by chlorpromazine: S. Lores-Arnaiz, et al.; Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 430, 170 (2004) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Phosphodiesterases/Related Products • TNF-alpha & TNF Receptors Other Products • NOS Inhibitors (NOS Induction & Enzyme Activity) • PLA2 Inhibitors • Chemopreventive Agents Other Products • Dopaminergics & Dopamine Receptors/Related Products
 
 
ALX-350-238 Revised 03-Apr-08
Chlortetracycline . hydrochloride
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SYNONYMS Aureomycin . HCI
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics Other Products
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ALX-350-238-G001   1 g 20.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-238-G005   5 g 35.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C22H23ClN2O8. HCl
MW: 478.9 . 36.5
CAS NUMBER: 64-72-2
MERCK INDEX: 14: 2192
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces aureofaciens.
PURITY: ~80%
APPEARANCE: Yellow powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water or methanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C

Product Description
Antibiotic. Inhibits protein synthesis in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Inhibits binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to ribosomes. Used as a fluorescent Ca2+ probe.
Product Specific Literature References
Inhibition of thrombin-induced secretion from platelets by chlortetracycline and its analogs: E.H. Murer and E. Siojo; Thromb. Haemost. 47, 62 (1982) Abstract
Characterization of chlortetracycline (aureomycin) as a calcium ionophore: J.R. White & F.L. Pearce; Biochemistry 21, 6309 (1982) Abstract
Effect of bile acids on intracellular calcium in isolated rat hepatocyte couplets: N. Thibault & F. Ballett; Biochem. Pharmacol. 45, 289 (1993) Abstract
Chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, and tetracycline in edible animal tissues, liquid chromatographic method: collaborative study: J.D. MacNeil, et al.; J. AOAC Int. 79, 405 (1996) Abstract
The effect of chlortetracycline treatment and its subsequent withdrawal on multi-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium DT104 and commensal Escherichia coli in the pig: A.A. Delsol, et al.; J. Appl. Microbiol. 95, 1226 (2003) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Dyes/Stains/Fluorescent Probes/Fluorescent Labels • Calcium Indicators/Probes • tRNA/Related Products
 
 
ALX-270-404 Revised 24-Jan-06
Cilostamide
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SYNONYMS N-Cyclohexyl-N-methyl-4-(1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-6-quinolyloxy)butyramide
OCP 3689
PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY Phosphodiesterases/Related Products
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ALX-270-404-M005   5 mg 50.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-404-M025   25 mg 200.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C20H26N2O3
MW: 342.4
CAS NUMBER: 68550-75-4
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HANDLING: Protect from light and oxygen. Packaged under inert gas.

Product Description
Selective inhibitor (IC50=70nM) of phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE3). Reverses the established effects of leptin on food intake and body weight. Blocks the leptin-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT3 at the hypothalamic level.
General Literature References
A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase phosphodiesterase 3B-cyclic AMP pathway in hypothalamic action of leptin on feeding.: A.Z. Zhao, et al.; Nat. Neurosci. 5, 727 (2002) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Obesity & Diabetes Other Products
 
 
ALX-620-063 Revised 03-Feb-05
Coelenterazine
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SYNONYMS 2-[(4-Hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-(phenylmethyl)-imidazo [1,2-a] pyrazin-3-(7H)-one
PRODUCT LINE Oxidative Stress
PRODUCT CATEGORY Peroxynitrite/Scavengers/Detection
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ALX-620-063-C050   50 µg 110.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C26H21N3O3
MW: 423.5
CAS NUMBER: 55779-48-1
PURITY: ≥95%
APPEARANCE: Brown solid.
SOLUBILITY: Slightly soluble in methanol or ethanol. Avoid DMSO.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light. Keep under inert gas. Keep calcium free when stored in solution.

Product Description
Cell permeable, very sensitive and specific chemiluminescence probe of the superoxide anion and peroxynitrite. When oxidized by oxygen it emits blue light at 446nm when Ca2+ binds to the complex. Powerful antioxidant. See also 2-(4-Dehydroxy)coelenterazine (Prod. No. ALX-620-062).
Product Specific Literature References
Use of calcium-regulated photoproteins as intracellular Ca2+ indicators: J.R. Blinks; Meth. Enzymol. 172, 164 (1989) Abstract
Slow calcium waves accompany cytokinesis in medaka fish eggs: R.A. Fluck, et al.; J. Cell Biol. 115, 1259 (1991) Abstract
Coelenterazine is a superoxide anion-sensitive chemiluminescent probe: its usefulness in the assay of respiratory burst in neutrophils: M. Lucas & F. Solano; Anal. Biochem. 206, 273 (1992) Abstract
Aequorin-expressing mammalian cell lines used to report Ca2+ mobilization: D. Button & M. Brownstein; Cell Calcium 14, 663 (1993) Abstract
Imaging [Ca2+]i with aequorin using a photon imaging detector: A.L. Miller, et al.; Meth. Cell Biol. 40, 305 (1994) Abstract
Intracellular free calcium level and its response to cAMP stimulation in developing Dictyostelium cells transformed with jellyfish apoaequorin cDNA: S. Saran, et al.; FEBS Lett. 337, 43 (1994) Abstract
The origins of marine bioluminescence: turning oxygen defence mechanisms into deep-sea communication tools: J.F. Rees, et al.; J. Exp. Biol. 201, 1211 (1998) Abstract; Full Text
Chemiluminescent detection of oxidants in vascular tissue. Lucigenin but not coelenterazine enhances superoxide formation: M.M. Tarpey, et al.; Circ. Res. 84, 1203 (1999) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Dyes/Stains/Fluorescent Probes/Fluorescent Labels • Oxidative Stress Markers & Reagents/Related Products • Antioxidants, Flavonoids & Free Radical Scavengers Other Products • Luciferin & Luciferase/Related Products • Calcium Indicators/Probes
 
 
ALX-420-008 Revised 04-Dec-07
Compound 48/80 . trihydrochloride
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PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY Calmodulin Inhibitors
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ALX-420-008-M100   100 mg 95.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C32H46N3O3 . 3HCl
MW: 520.7 . 109.4
CAS NUMBER: 94724-12-6
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water (100mg/ml).
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Stock solutions are stable for up to 3 months when stored at -20°C.
HAZARD: TOXIC.

Product Description
Oligomeric mixture of condensation products of N-methyl-p-methoxyphenethylamine and formaldehyde. The trimer is the most abundant oligomere in the mixture. Blocks calmodulin and human platelet phospholipase C and ADP ribosylation. Activates G-proteins in a manner similar to G-protein-coupled receptors.
Product Specific Literature References
Activation of bovine rod outer segment phosphatidylinositol-4,5- bisphosphate phospholipase C by calmodulin antagonists does not depend on calmodulin: B.D. Gehm, et al.; Biochemistry 30, 11302 (1991) Abstract
Biscoclaurine alkaloids inhibit receptor-mediated phospholipase A2 activation probably through uncoupling of a GTP-binding protein from the enzyme in rat peritoneal mast cells: S. Akiba, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 44, 45 (1992) Abstract
Phosphorylation of smg p21B in rat peritoneal mast cells in association with histamine release inhibition by dibutyryl-cAMP: K. Izushi, et al.; FEBS Lett. 314, 241 (1992) Abstract
ADP-ribosylation of rho proteins is inhibited by melittin, mast cell degranulating peptide and compound 48/80: G. Koch, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 226, 87 (1992) Abstract
Activation of the Na+/K(+)-pump in rat peritoneal mast cells following histamine release: a possible role in cell recovery: T. Knudsen, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 108, 120 (1993) Abstract
Eclosion hormone activates phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis in silkworm abdominal ganglia during adult metamorphosis: Y. Shibanaka, et al.; Eur. J. Biochem. 211, 427 (1993) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
G-proteins & GTPases Other Products • Phospholipase C/Related Products
 
 
ALX-630-055 Revised 02-Nov-07
ω-Conotoxin GVIA
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Neurotoxins
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ALX-630-055-C500   500 µg 790.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: H-Cys-Lys-Ser-Hyp-Gly-Ser-Ser-Cys-Ser-Hyp-Thr-Ser-Tyr-Asn-Cys-Cys-Arg-Ser-Cys-Asn-Hyp-Tyr-Thr-Lys-Arg-Cys-Tyr-NH2
(Disulfide bonds between Cys1-Cys16, Cys8-Cys19and Cys15-Cys26)
FORMULA: C120H182N38O43S6
MW: 3037.3
CAS NUMBER: 106375-28-4
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic. Originally isolated from Conus geographus.
QUANTITY:  
CONCENTRATION: 0.1mM after reconstitution.
PURITY: ≥97%
APPEARANCE: Lyophilized.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water.
RECONSTITUTION: Do not remove the cap. Inject distilled water into the vial using a calibrated syringe. Dissolve all contents thoroughly.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Stable for at least 1 year after receipt when stored at -20°C. The aqueous solution is stable for a few weeks when stored at -20°C.
HANDLING: After reconstitution, prepare aliquots and store at -20°C. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles.
HAZARD: VERY TOXIC. POTENT NEUROTOXIN.
Product Description
Neurotoxin. Potent and selective blocker of neuronal N-type, voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels. Not for sale in U.S.A.
Product Specific Literature References
Peptide neurotoxins from fish-hunting cone snails: B.M. Olivera, et al.; Science 230, 1338 (1985) Abstract
Characterization of the omega-conotoxin target. Evidence for tissue-specific heterogeneity in calcium channel types: L.J. Cruz, et al.; Biochemistry 26, 820 (1987) Abstract
Presynaptic Ca-antagonist omega-conotoxin irreversibly blocks N-type Ca-channels in chick sensory neurons: H. Kasai, et al.; Neurosci. Res. 4, 228 (1987) Abstract
Omega-conotoxin: direct and persistent blockade of specific types of calcium channels in neurons but not muscle: E.W. McCleskey, et al.; PNAS 84, 4327 (1987) Abstract
Omega-conotoxin-sensitive voltage-operated calcium channels in vertebrate cells: E. Sher & F. Clementi; Neuroscience 42, 301 (1991) Abstract
omega-Conotoxin GVIA receptors of Discopyge electric organ. Characterization of omega-conotoxin binding to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor: W.A. Horne, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 266, 13719 (1991) Abstract; Full Text
Conotoxins: B.M. Olivera, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 266, 22067 (1991), (Minireview) Abstract; Full Text
Solution structure of omega-conotoxin GVIA using 2-D NMR spectroscopy and relaxation matrix analysis: J.H. Davis, et al.; Biochemistry 32, 7396 (1993) Abstract
Preparation and characterization of biotinylated analogs of the calcium channel blocker omega-conotoxin: O.T. Jones & A.P. So; Anal. Biochem. 214, 227 (1993), (Biotinylation) Abstract
Structural determinants of the blockade of N-type calcium channels by a peptide neurotoxin: P.T. Ellinor, et al.; Nature 372, 272 (1994) Abstract
Calcium channel diversity and neurotransmitter release: the omega-conotoxins and omega-agatoxins: B.M. Olivera, et al.; Annu. Rev. Biochem. 63, 823 (1994), (Review) Abstract
Exocytotic Ca2+ channels in mammalian central neurons: K. Dunlap, et al.; TINS 18, 89 (1995) Abstract
Structure-activity relationships of omega-conotoxins at N-type voltage-sensitive calcium channels: K.J. Nielsen, et al.; J. Mol. Recognit. 13, 55 (2000), (Review) Abstract
Rapid and reversible block of N-type calcium channels (CaV 2.2) by omega-conotoxin GVIA in the absence of divalent cations: H. Liang & K. S. Elmslie; J. Neurosci. 22, 8884 (2002) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Ca2+ Channels (N-type) • Peptides
 
 
ALX-630-056 Revised 02-Nov-07
ω-Conotoxin MVIIA
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Neurotoxins
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ALX-630-056-C500   500 µg 640.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: H-Cys-Lys-Gly-Lys-Gly-Ala-Lys-Cys-Ser-Arg-Leu-Met-Tyr-Asp-Cys-Cys-Thr-Gly-Ser-Cys-Arg-Ser-Gly-Lys-Cys-NH2
(Disulfide bonds between Cys1-Cys16, Cys8-Cys20and Cys15-Cys25)
FORMULA: C102H169N36O32S7
MW: 2636.2
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic. Originally isolated from Conus magus.
PURITY: ≥97%