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Signal Transduction
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ALX-380-207 Revised 03-Apr-08
Apoptolidin
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors
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ALX-380-207-MC01   0.1 mg 290.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C58H96O21
MW: 1129.4
CAS NUMBER: 194874-06-1
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Amicolatopsis sp. MST-AS5912.
PURITY: ≥95% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol, methanol, dimethyl formamide or DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: HARMFUL.

Product Description
Originally isolated from Nocardiopsis sp. Antibiotic. Potent and highly selective apoptosis inducer in several cancer cell lines. F0F1-ATPase inhibitor.
Product Specific Literature References
Apoptolidin, a new apoptosis inducer in transformed cells from Nocardiopsis sp: J.W. Kim, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 50, 6628 (1997) Abstract
Understanding and exploiting the mechanistic basis for selectivity of polyketide inhibitors of F(0)F(1)-ATPase: A.R. Salomon, et al.; PNAS 97, 14766 (2000) Abstract; Full Text
Apoptolidin, a selective cytotoxic agent, is an inhibitor of F0F1-ATPase: A.R. Salomon, et al.; Chem. Biol. 8, 71 (2001) Abstract; Full Text
Apoptolidin: induction of apoptosis by a natural product: P.T. Daniel, et al.; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 45, 872 (2006) Abstract
Correlation of F0F1-ATPase inhibition and antiproliferative activity of apoptolidin analogues: P.A. Wender, et al.; Org. Lett. 8, 589 (2006) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Natural Products - ATPase Inhibitors • Antitumor Agents (Apoptosis Inducers) • Antitumor Antibiotics • Respiratory Chain Other Products
 
 
ALX-420-035 Revised 03-May-05
Apoptosis Activator 2
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SYNONYMS 1-[(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)methyl]-1H-indole-2,3-dione
PRODUCT LINE Cell Death / Apoptosis / Autophagy
PRODUCT CATEGORY Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors Other Products
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-420-035-M005   5 mg 45.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-420-035-M025   25 mg 180.00 USD Add To Cart
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Product Specification
FORMULA: C15H9NO2Cl2
MW: 306.1
CAS NUMBER: 79183-19-0
PURITY: ≥98% (NMR)
APPEARANCE: Orange to red solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO or 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C

Product Description
Induces apoptosis by promoting the oligomerization of Apaf-1 into the mature, functional apoptosome, triggering caspase-9 activation resulting in activated caspase-3. Shows strong selectivity for cancer cells against normal cell lines. Acts in a similar way like apoptosis inducer PETCM (Prod. No. ALX-420-031).
Product Specific Literature References
Direct activation of the apoptosis machinery as a mechanism to target cancer cells: J.T. Nguyen and J.A. Wells; PNAS 100, 7533 (2003) Abstract; Full Text
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Caspases Other Products
 
 
ALX-522-035 Revised 14-Aug-08
MegaAPRIL™, Soluble (human) (recombinant)
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SYNONYMS APRIL, Soluble (human) (recombinant):ACRP30headless (human)
A-Proliferation-inducing Ligand (human) (recombinant):ACRP30headless (human)
TNFSF 13, Soluble (human) (recombinant):ACRP30headless (human)
CD256, Soluble (human) (recombinant):ACRP30headless (human)
PRODUCT LINE Chemokines & Cytokines
PRODUCT CATEGORY APRIL
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ALX-522-035-3010   3x10 µg 460.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SPECIES CROSSREACTIVITY:
Human
Mouse
MW: ~34kDa (SDS-PAGE).
SOURCE/HOST: Produced in HEK 293 cells. The extracellular domain of human APRIL (aa 88-233) is fused at the N-terminus to human ACRP30headless (aa 16-108) and a FLAG®-tag.
CONCENTRATION: 0.1mg/ml after reconstitution.
PURITY: ≥95% (SDS-PAGE)
FORMULATION: Lyophilized. Contains PBS.
ENDOTOXIN CONTENT: <0.1EU/µg purified protein (LAL test; Bio Whittaker).
RECONSTITUTION: Reconstitute with 100µl sterile water. Further dilutions should be made with medium containing 5% fetal calf serum.
SPECIFICITY: Binds to human and mouse BCMA and TACI. Binds to proteoglycans.
BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY: Stimulates proliferation of serum-starved NIH 3T3 cells. Stimulates B cell proliferation.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Stable for at least 6 months after receipt when stored at -20°C.
HANDLING: Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. After reconstitution, prepare aliquots and store at -20°C.
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Product Specific Literature References
DCs induce CD40-independent immunoglobulin class switching through BLyS and APRIL: M.B. Litinskiy, et al.; Nat. Immunol. 3, 822 (2002) Abstract
APRIL modulates B and T cell immunity: J.V. Stein, et al.; J. Clin. Invest. 109, 1587 (2002) Abstract; Full Text
Lymphoma B cells evade apoptosis through the TNF family members BAFF/BLyS and APRIL: B. He, et al.; J. Immunol. 172, 3268 (2004) Abstract; Full Text
Potential role of APRIL as autocrine growth factor for megakaryocytopoiesis: D. Bonci, et al.; Blood 104, 3169 (2004) Abstract; Full Text
BAFF regulates B cell survival by downregulating the BH3-only family member Bim via the ERK pathway: A. Craxton, et al.; J. Exp. Med. 202, 1363 (2005) Abstract
APRIL and BAFF promote increased viability of replicating human B2 cells via mechanism involving cyclooxygenase 2: P.K. Mongini, et al.; J. Immunol. 176, 6736 (2006) Abstract; Full Text
TACI regulates IgA production by APRIL in collaboration with HSPG: D. Sakurai, et al.; Blood 109 , 2961 (2007) Abstract
BAFF and APRIL support chronic lymphocytic leukemia B-cell survival through activation of the canonical NF-kappaB pathway: T. Endo, et al.; Blood 109, 703 (2007) Abstract; Full Text
General Information
BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION

Swiss-Prot link O75888: APRIL (human)
AfCS Signalling Gateway link A000305: APRIL (mouse)

FLAG is a registered trademark of Sigma-Aldrich Co.
MANUFACTURER Manufactured by Apotech Corporation.
General Literature References
APRIL, a new ligand of the tumor necrosis factor family, stimulates tumor cell growth: M. Hahne, et al.; J. Exp. Med. 188, 1185 (1998) Abstract
Interaction of the TNF homologues BLyS and APRIL with the TNF receptor homologues BCMA and TACI: S.A. Marsters, et al.; Curr. Biol. 10, 785 (2000) Abstract
A soluble form of B cell maturation antigen, a receptor for the tumor necrosis factor family member APRIL, inhibits tumor cell growth: P. Rennert, et al.; J. Exp. Med. 192, 1677 (2000) Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily member TACI is a high affinity receptor for TNF family members APRIL and BLyS: Y. Wu, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 275, 35478 (2000) Abstract
APRIL and TALL-I and receptors BCMA and TACI: system for regulating humoral immunity: G. Yu, et al.; Nat. Immunol. 1, 252 (2000) Abstract
B-cell maturation protein, which binds the tumor necrosis factor family members BAFF and APRIL, is dispensable for humoral immune responses: S. Xu & K.P. Lam; Mol. Cell. Biol. 21, 4067 (2001) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Recombinant Proteins / Fusion Proteins
 
 
ALX-270-468 Revised 02-Oct-07
AR-A014418
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SYNONYMS N-(4-Methoxybenzyl)-N′-(5-nitro-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)urea
PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY GSK-3 Inhibitors
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ALX-270-468-M001   1 mg 55.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C12H12N4O4S
MW: 308.3
CAS NUMBER: 487021-52-3
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic.
PURITY: ≥95% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO, methanol, 100% ethanol or ethyl acetate.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: HARMFUL. MAY BE CARCINOGENIC.
IDENTITY: Identity determined by 1H-NMR.

Product Description
Cell permeable, specific and potent inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) (IC50=104nM). Inhibition is competitive with respect to ATP (Ki=38nM).
Product Specific Literature References
Structural insights and biological effects of glycogen synthase kinase 3-specific inhibitor AR-A014418: R. Bhat, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 278, 45937 (2003) Abstract; Full Text
AR-A014418, a selective GSK-3 inhibitor, produces antidepressant-like effects in the forced swim test: T.D. Gould, et al.; Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol. 7, 387 (2004) Abstract
Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 by lithium correlates with reduced tauopathy and degeneration in vivo: W. Noble, et al.; PNAS 102, 6990 (2005) Abstract; Full Text
 
 
ALX-340-004 Revised 18-Aug-08
Arachidonic acid
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SYNONYMS 5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-Eicosatetraenoic acid
PRODUCT LINE Inflammation
PRODUCT CATEGORY Arachidonic Acid / Related Products
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ALX-340-004-M100   100 mg 147.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C20H32O2
MW: 304.5
CAS NUMBER: 506-32-1
MERCK INDEX: 14: 765
RTECS: CE6675000
CONCENTRATION: 100mg/ml
PURITY: ≥98%
FORMULATION: Liquid. Solution in ethanol containing 0.1% BHT.
SOLUBILITY: 100mg/ml soluble in DMSO or dimethyl formamide; sparingly soluble in basic aqueous buffers (1.7mg/ml). To prevent oxidation, the solvent should be purged with an inert gas.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Stable for at least 6 months after receipt when stored at -20°C. Keep aqueous solutions on ice and use within 12 hours.
HANDLING: Protect from light and oxygen.
HAZARD: TOXIC.

Product Description
Precursor to a large family of eicosanoids. Activator for several protein kinase C (PKC) isotypes.
Product Specific Literature References
Arachidonic acid metabolism: P. Needleman, et al.; Ann. Rev. Biochem. 55, 69 (1986) Abstract
Kinetic analysis of the Ca2+-dependent, membrane-bound, macrophage phospholipase A2 and the effects of arachidonic acid: M.D. Lister, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 263, 7506 (1988) Abstract; Full Text
Characterization of the L-arginine:nitric oxide pathway in human platelets: M.W. Radomski, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 101, 325 (1990) Abstract
The LDL receptor pathway delivers arachidonic acid for eicosanoid formation in cells stimulated by platelet-derived growth factor: A.J.R. Habenicht, et al.; Nature 345, 634 (1990) Abstract
The control of free arachidonic acid levels: R.D. Burgoyne & A. Morgan; TIBS 15, 365 (1990) Abstract
A unique pool of free arachidonate serves as substrate for both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase in platelets: F. Chevy, et al.; Lipids 26, 1080 (1991) Abstract
Regulation of Ras-GAP and the neurofibromatosis-1 gene product by eicosanoids: J.W. Han, et al.; Science 252, 576 (1991) Abstract
Arachidonic acid as a second messenger. Interactions with a GTP-binding protein of human neutrophils: S.B. Abramson, et al.; J. Immunol. 147, 231 (1991) Abstract
The immediate activator of the NADPH oxidase is arachidonate not phosphorylation: Henderson, et al.; Eur. J. Biochem. 211, 157 (1993) Abstract
Nitric oxide and arachidonic acid modulation of calcium currents in postganglionic neurones of avian cultured ciliary ganglia: G. Khurana & M.R. Bennett; Br. J. Pharmacol. 109, 480 (1993) Abstract
Arachidonic acid-induced Ca2+ release from isolated sarcoplasmic reticulum: C. Dettbarn & P. Palade; Biochem. Pharmacol. 45, 1301 (1993) Abstract
Covalent binding of arachidonate to G protein alpha subunits of human platelets: H. Hallak, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 269, 4713 (1994) Abstract; Full Text
General Information
BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION To change the solvent, evaporate the ethanol under a gentle stream of nitrogen and immediately add the solvent of choice.
Further Categories Containing This Product:
PKC Activators • Nitric Oxide Pathway Other Products • Fatty Acids
 
 
ALX-340-050 Revised 08-Jul-08
N-Arachidonoyl-γ-aminobutyric acid
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SYNONYMS NAGABA
4-(1-oxo-5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-Eicosatetraenyl)amino-butanoic acid
PRODUCT LINE Neurobiology
PRODUCT CATEGORY Anandamide & Anandamide Analogs
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ALX-340-050-M005   5 mg 72.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C24H39NO3
MW: 389.6
CAS NUMBER: 128201-89-8
PURITY: ≥98%
FORMULATION: Liquid. Solution in ethanol.
SOLUBILITY: 20mg/ml soluble in DMSO or dimethyl formamide; also soluble in PBS, pH 7.2 (2mg/ml).
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Stable for at least one year after receipt when stored at -20°C. We do not recommend storing aqueous solutions for more than one day.

Product Specific Literature References
Identification of a new class of molecules, the arachidonyl amino acids, and characterization of one member that inhibits pain: S.M. Huang, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 276, 42639 (2001) Abstract
General Information
BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION To change the solvent, evaporate the ethanol under a gentle stream of nitrogen and immediately add the solvent of choice.
 
 
ALX-340-053 Revised 04-Aug-08
Arachidonoyl 2’-chloroethylamide
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SYNONYMS ACEA
N-(2-Chloroethyl)-5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenamide
PRODUCT LINE Neurobiology
PRODUCT CATEGORY Anandamide & Anandamide Analogs
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ALX-340-053-M005   5 mg 46.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C22H36NOCl
MW: 366.0
CAS NUMBER: 220556-69-4
CONCENTRATION: 10mg/ml
PURITY: ≥96%
FORMULATION: Liquid. Solution in methyl acetate.
SOLUBILITY: 20mg/ml soluble in 100% ethanol, DMSO or dimethyl formamide; 250μg/ml soluble in a 1:3 solution of ethanol:PBS (pH 7.2) (dilute the ethanol solution with PBS).
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON DRY ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -80°C
USE/STABILITY: Stable for at least 1 year after receipt when stored at -80°C. We do not recommend storing aqueous solutions for more than one day.

Product Description
Non-pungent, potent and highly selective CB1 receptor agonist (Ki=1.4nM). Displays >1'400-fold selectivity over CB2 receptors (Ki=3.1µM). Active in vivo.
Product Specific Literature References
Synthesis and characterization of potent and selective agonists of the neuronal cannabinoid receptor (CB1): C.J. Hillard, et al.; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 289, 1427 (1999) Abstract
Arachidonylcyclopropylamide increases microglial cell migration through cannabinoid CB2 and abnormal-cannabidiol-sensitive receptors: A. Franklin, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 474, 195 (2003) Abstract
Modulation of trigeminal sensory neuron activity by the dual cannabinoid-vanilloid agonists anandamide, N-arachidonoyl-dopamine and arachidonyl-2-chloroethylamide: T.J. Price, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 141, 1118 (2004) Abstract
The cannabinomimetic arachidonyl-2-chloroethylamide (ACEA) acts on capsaicin-sensitive TRPV1 receptors but not cannabinoid receptors in rat joints: C.L. Baker and J.J. McDougall; Br. J. Pharmacol. 142, 1361 (2004) Abstract; Full Text
General Information
BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION To change the solvent, evaporate the methyl acetate under a gentle stream of nitrogen and immediately add the solvent of choice.
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists & Antagonists / Related Products
 
 
ALX-340-054 Revised 09-Jul-08
Arachidonoyl cyclopropylamide
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SYNONYMS ACPA
N-Cyclopropyl-5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenamide
PRODUCT LINE Neurobiology
PRODUCT CATEGORY Anandamide & Anandamide Analogs
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ALX-340-054-M005   5 mg 46.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C23H37NO
MW: 343.6
CAS NUMBER: 229021-64-1
PURITY: ≥98%
FORMULATION: Liquid. Solution in ethanol.
SOLUBILITY: 10mg/ml soluble in 100% ethanol, DMSO or dimethyl formamide; 1mg/ml soluble in a 1:1 solution of in ethanol:PBS (pH 7.2) (dilute the ethanol solution with PBS).
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Stable for at least 1 year after receipt when stored at -20°C. We do not recommend storing aqueous solutions for more than one day.

Product Description
Potent and selective CB1 agonist (Ki=2.2nM). Displays 325-fold selectivity over CB2 receptors (Ki=0.7µM). Active in vivo.
Product Specific Literature References
Synthesis and characterization of potent and selective agonists of the neuronal cannabinoid receptor (CB1): C.J. Hillard, et al.; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 289, 1427 (1999) Abstract
Arachidonylcyclopropylamide increases microglial cell migration through cannabinoid CB2 and abnormal-cannabidiol-sensitive receptors: A. Franklin, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 474, 195 (2003) Abstract
The interaction of cannabinoids and opioids on pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure threshold in mice: H. Shafaroodi, et al.; Neuropharmacology 47, 390 (2004) Abstract
General Information
BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION To change the solvent, evaporate the ethanol under a gentle stream of nitrogen and immediately add the solvent of choice.
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists & Antagonists / Related Products
 
 
ALX-340-049 Revised 03-Dec-07
N-Arachidonoyldopamine
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SYNONYMS N-Arachidonoyl-3-hydroxytyramine
NADA
AA-DA
PRODUCT LINE Neurobiology
PRODUCT CATEGORY Endocannabinoids
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ALX-340-049-M001   1 mg 20.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-340-049-M005   5 mg 35.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C28H41NO3
MW: