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Signal Transduction
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ALX-159-001 Revised 01-Mar-06
IL-2 Receptor Fragment (human)
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SYNONYMS Interleukin-2 Receptor Fragment (human)
PRODUCT LINE Chemokines & Cytokines
PRODUCT CATEGORY Interleukin Receptors
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ALX-159-001-M001   1 mg 80.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: H-Gln-Arg-Arg-Gln-Arg-Lys-Ser-Arg-Arg-Thr-Ile-OH
FORMULA: C59H113N29O16
MW: 1484.7
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
Product Description
Substrate for protein kinase C (PKC). The peptide is derived from the cytoplasmic C-terminus of the human interleukin-2 receptor.
Product Specific Literature References
Phosphorylation of the human interleukin-2 receptor and a synthetic peptide identical to its C-terminal, cytoplasmic domain: B. Gallis, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 261, 5075 (1986) Abstract; Full Text
Further Categories Containing This Product:
PKC Substrates • CD25 [IL-2Ralpha] / Related Products • Peptides
 
 
ALX-159-600 Revised 14-Jul-08
JNK Inhibitor 1 (L-stereoisomer)
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SYNONYMS L-JNKI1
c-Jun N-terminal Kinase Peptide Inhibitor 1, L-stereoisomer
PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY JNK [SAPK1] / Related Products
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-159-600-R100   100 µl 125.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-159-600-R200   200 µl 225.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: GRKKRRQRRR-PP-RPKRPTTLNLFPQVPRSQD-amide
FORMULA: C164H286N66O40
MW: 3822.5
CONCENTRATION: 1mM
PURITY: ≥97% (HPLC)
FORMULATION: Liquid. Sterile, ready-to-use solution in PBS.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: After opening, prepare aliquots and store at -20°C. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. Keep on ice at all times.
POSITIVE CONTROL: Prod. No. ALX-168-009/1
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Product Description

Cell permeable JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) inhibitor. For increased cell permeability the peptide was covalently linked to the 10 aa recognized by the TAT transporter. Neuroprotective agent for stroke.
Product Specific Literature References
[1] Cell-permeable peptide inhibitors of JNK: novel blockers of beta-cell death: C. Bonny, et al.; Diabetes 50, 77 (2001) Abstract; Full Text
Hyperosmolarity and CD95L trigger CD95/EGF receptor association and tyrosine phosphorylation of CD95 as prerequisites for CD95 membrane trafficking and DISC formation: R. Reinehr, et al.; FASEB J. 17, 731 (2003) Abstract
Translation inhibitors sensitize prostate cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis by activating c-Jun N-terminal kinase: N.K. Sah, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 278, 20593 (2003) Abstract; Full Text
A peptide inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase protects against excitotoxicity and cerebral ischemia: T. Borsello, et al.; Nat. Med. 9, 1180 (2003) Abstract
Activation of JNK in sensory neurons protects against sensory neuron cell death in diabetes and on exposure to glucose/oxidative stress in vitro: S.A. Price, et al.; Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 1010, 95 (2003)
Insulin-secreting beta-cell dysfunction induced by human lipoproteins: M.E. Roehrich, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 278, 18368 (2003) Abstract; Full Text
Inhibition of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase activity improves ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat lungs: M. Ishii, et al.; J. Immunol. 172, 2569 (2004) Abstract
General Information
BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION A protein inhibitor named IB1 has been described that competitively blocks the interaction between JNK and c-Jun, thereby inhibiting the signalling events downstream of JNK [2,3] like c-Jun, ATF2 and ELK1 phosphorylation. To convert IB1 into cell-permeable inhibitors of JNK (JNKI peptides) the minimal 20 aa inhibitory sequence of IB1 was covalently linked to the 10 amino acids recognized by TAT transporter [4].
The L-JNKI1 and the protease resistant D-JNKI1 peptides represent the only potent inhibitors that are specific for JNK (JNK1, JNK2 and JNK3). Different from chemical inhibitors that directly affect kinase activity e.g. by competing with the ATP-binding site of the protein kinase, JNKI1 rather inhibits the interaction between JNK and its substrate, resulting in a JNK K.O. phenotype. In contrast to pure diffusion the TAT-peptides are actively transported into cells, where they remain until their proteolytic degradation. They can be used for in vitro as well as for in vivo applications (IC50~1µM).
D-JNKI1 is the only form found to be active on neuronal cells, probably due to a high level of proteolytic degradation of the L-stereoisomer (T. Borsello and C. Bonny; unpublished data). As these peptides tend to be toxic in neurons above concentrations of 5µM, it is recommended to use concentrations of ~1µM or less. When interpreting results of c-Jun inhibition, one should also note that a number of other c-Jun kinases are thought to contribute to c-Jun phosphorylation (C. Bonny, personal communication).

*For in vivo applications in mice it is suggested to start with 30-50µl of a 1mM stock solution administered intraperitoneally. Cellular uptake of L-JNKI1 peptides can now be confirmed using the FITC-conjugated L-TAT control peptide (Prod. No. ALX-168-009F).
Note: L-TAT control peptides should only be used with L-JNKI1.
General Literature References
[2] IB1, a JIP-1-related nuclear protein present in insulin-secreting cells: C. Bonny, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 273, 1843 (1998) Abstract; Full Text
[3] A cytoplasmic inhibitor of the JNK signal transduction pathway: M. Dickens, et al.; Science 277, 693 (1997) Abstract
[4] In vivo protein transduction: delivery of a biologically active protein into the mouse: S.R. Schwarze, et al.; Science 285, 1569 (1999) Abstract
Related Products
Further Categories Containing This Product:
MAPK Pathway Inhibitors • Peptides
 
 
ALX-160-002 Revised 18-Dec-02
Kemptamide
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PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY PKA Substrates
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-160-002-M001   1 mg 50.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-160-002-M005   5 mg 200.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: H-Leu-Arg-Arg-Ala-Ser-Leu-Gly-NH2
FORMULA: C32H62N14O8
MW: 770.9
PURITY: ≥97%
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
Product Description
Amide analog of Kemptide (Prod. No. ALX-160-006).
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Peptides
 
 
ALX-160-006 Revised 04-Feb-05
Kemptide
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PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY PKA Substrates
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ALX-160-006-M001   1 mg 30.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-160-006-M005   5 mg 90.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: H-Leu-Arg-Arg-Ala-Ser-Leu-Gly-OH
FORMULA: C32H61N13O9
MW: 771.9
CAS NUMBER: 65189-71-1
PURITY: ≥97%
APPEARANCE: White lyophilized powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
Product Description
Phosphate acceptor peptide. Substrate for cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). The sequence defines the phosphorylation site of porcine liver pyruvate kinase.
Product Specific Literature References
Synthetic peptide substrates of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase: B.E. Kemp, et al.; Fed. Proc. 35, 1384 (1976)
Role of multiple basic residues in determining the substrate specificity of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase: B.E. Kemp, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 252, 4888 (1977) Abstract; Full Text
Studies on the mechanism of phosphorylation of synthetic polypeptides by a calf thymus cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase: A.H. Pomerantz, et al.; PNAS 74, 4261 (1977) Abstract
Adrenergic control of the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase and pyruvate kinase in isolated hepatocytes. Application of a synthetic peptide substrate for measuring protein kinase activity: B.E. Kemp & M.G. Clark; J. Biol. Chem. 253, 5147 (1978) Abstract; Full Text
In vivo phosphorylation of a synthetic peptide substrate of cyclic AMP- dependent protein kinase: J.L. Maller, et al.; PNAS 75, 248 (1978) Abstract
Optimal spatial requirements for the location of basic residues in peptide substrates for the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase: J.R. Feramisco, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 255, 4240 (1980) Abstract; Full Text
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Peptides
 
 
ALX-160-008 Revised 13-Jan-05
[Trp4]-Kemptide
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PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY PKA Substrates
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ALX-160-008-M001   1 mg 50.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-160-008-M005   5 mg 200.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: H-Leu-Arg-Arg-Trp-Ser-Leu-Gly-OH
FORMULA: C40H66N14O9
MW: 887.1
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: White lyophilized powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
Product Description
Substrate for cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). The phosphorylated product is an active substrate for phosphoprotein phosphatase.
Product Specific Literature References
Fluorometric assay for adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate-dependent protein kinase and phosphoprotein phosphatase activities: D.E. Wright, et al.; PNAS 78, 6048 (1981) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Peptides
 
 
ALX-162-001 Revised 22-Oct-08
Mastoparan
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Neurotoxins
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ALX-162-001-M001   1 mg 50.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-162-001-M005   5 mg 200.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: H-Ile-Asn-Leu-Lys-Ala-Leu-Ala-Ala-Leu-Ala-Lys-Lys-Ile-Leu-NH2
FORMULA: C70H131N19O15
MW: 1478.9
CAS NUMBER: 72093-21-1
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic. Originally isolated from wasp venom.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water (1 mg/ml).
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
Product Description

Mast cell degranulating peptide. Stimulates glycogenolysis. Stimulates phospholipase D2 (PLD2) activity. Alters G-proteins in brain membranes.
Product Specific Literature References
A new mast cell degranulating peptide "mastoparan" in the venom of Vespula lewisii: Y. Hirai, et al.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. 27, 1942 (1979) Abstract
Mastoparan, a peptide toxin from wasp venom, mimics receptors by activating GTP-binding regulatory proteins (G proteins): T. Higashijima, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 263, 6491 (1988) Abstract; Full Text
Mastoparan, a peptide toxin from wasp venom, stimulates glycogenolysis mediated by an increase of the cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration but not by an increase of cAMP in rat hepatocytes: M. Tohkin, et al.; FEBS Lett. 260, 179 (1990) Abstract
Interaction of wasp venom mastoparan with biomembranes: T. Katsu, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1027, 185 (1990) Abstract
Effects of the wasp venom peptide, mastoparan, on GTP hydrolysis in rat brain membranes: Y. Odagaki, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 121, 1406 (1997) Abstract
Mastoparan selectively activates phospholipase D2 in cell membranes: A. Chahdi, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 278, 12039 (2003) Abstract
Mastoparan, a G protein agonist peptide, differentially modulates TLR4- and TLR2-mediated signaling in human endothelial cells and murine macrophages: A. Lentschat, et al.; J. Immunol. 174, 4252 (2005) Abstract
Biological applications of the receptor mimetic peptide mastoparan: S. Jones & J. Howl; Curr. Protein Pept. Sci. 7, 501 (2006), Review Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
G-proteins & GTPases Other Products • Peptides
 
 
ALX-162-002 Revised 09-Oct-08
MCD Peptide
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SYNONYMS Mast Cell Degranulating Peptide
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Neurotoxins
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ALX-162-002-MC05   0.5 mg 360.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: H-Ile-Lys-Cys-Asn-Cys-Lys-Arg-His-Val-Ile-Lys-Pro-His-Ile-Cys-Arg-Lys-Ile-Cys-Gly-Lys-Asn-NH2
(Disulfide bonds between Cys3-Cys15 and Cys5-Cys19)
FORMULA: C110H192N40O24S4
MW: 2587.2
CAS NUMBER: 83856-13-7
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic. Originally isolated from Apis mellifera.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: Lyophilized.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
Product Description
Potent anti-inflammatory agent and strong mediator of mast cell degranulation and histamine release. Neurotoxin and voltage-dependent K+ channel blocker. Inhibits the ADP-ribosylation of the small GTP-binding proteins rho.
Product Specific Literature References
Bee and wasp venoms: E. Haberman; Science 177, 314 (1972) Abstract
Potassium channel toxins: P.N. Strong; Pharmacol. Ther. 46, 137 (1990) Abstract
Mast cell degranulating peptide: a multi-functional neurotoxin: M.R. Ziai, et al.; J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42, 457 (1990), Review Abstract
ADP-ribosylation of rho proteins is inhibited by melittin, mast cell degranulating peptide and compound 48/80: G. Koch, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 226, 87 (1992) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Peptides • K+ Channel Blockers & Inhibitors • Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents
 
 
ALX-162-004 Revised 05-Feb-05
MARCKS Protein (151-175) (bovine brain)
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PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY PKC Substrates
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ALX-162-004-MC05   0.5 mg 120.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-162-004-M001   1 mg 210.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: H-Lys-Lys-Lys-Lys-Lys-Arg-Phe-Ser-Phe-Lys-Lys-Ser-Phe-Lys-Leu-Ser-Gly-Phe-Ser-Phe-Lys-Lys-Asn-Lys-Lys-OH
FORMULA: C147H243N41O31
MW: 3081.8
CAS NUMBER: 125267-21-2
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: White lyophilized powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
Product Description
Excellent substrate for protein kinase C (PKC). The peptide consists of residues 151-175 of the myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) protein phosphorylation site. Protein kinase C isotypes (including PKCε) phosphorylate serines 8, 12 and 19 of this peptide. It is a very weak substrate for cAMP- and cGMP-dependent protein kinase and CaM kinases I, II and III.
Product Specific Literature References
Protein kinase C substrate and inhibitor characteristics of peptides derived from the myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS) protein phosphorylation site domain: J.M. Graff, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 266, 14390 (1991) Abstract; Full Text
The MARCKS family of cellular protein kinase C substrates: P.J. Blackshear; J. Biol. Chem. 268, 1501 (1993), (Minireview) Abstract; Full Text
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Peptides
 
 
ALX-162-005 Revised 04-Jul-03
MARCKS Protein (159-165) amide (bovine brain)
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PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY PKC Substrates
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ALX-162-005-M001   1 mg 105.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-162-005-M005   5 mg 420.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: H-Phe-Lys-Lys-Ser-Phe-Lys-Leu-NH2
FORMULA: C45H73N11O8
MW: 896.1
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: White lyophilized powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
Product Description
The peptide consists of residues 159-165 of the myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) protein. It is sufficiently selective for protein kinase C (PKC) to permit specific assay of this enzyme in crude cell extracts and permeabilized cells.
Product Specific Literature References
The MARCKS family of cellular protein kinase C substrates: P.J. Blackshear; J. Biol. Chem. 268, 1501 (1993) Abstract; Full Text
: T. Spencker, et al.; Liebigs Ann. Chem. 237, (1993)
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Peptides
 
 
ALX-162-006 Revised 07-Apr-08
Melittin (natural)
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Protein Kinase Inhibitors
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ALX-162-006-M001   1 mg 40.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-162-006-M005   5 mg 160.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: H-Gly-Ile-Gly-Ala-Val-Leu-Lys-Val-Leu-Thr-Thr-Gly-Leu-Pro-Ala-Leu-Ile-Ser-Trp-Ile-Lys-Arg-Lys-Arg-Gln-Gln-NH2
FORMULA: C131H229N39O31
MW: 2846.5
CAS NUMBER: 37231-28-0