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ALX-550-269 Revised 27-Oct-06
8-Cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine
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SYNONYMS DPCPX
PD 116,948
1,3-Dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine
PRODUCT LINE Neurobiology
PRODUCT CATEGORY Adenosine Receptors / Related Products
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ALX-550-269-M010   10 mg 35.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C16H24N4O2
MW: 304.4
CAS NUMBER: 102146-07-6
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to light yellow.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol or DMSO; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +20°C
HAZARD: IRRITANT.

Product Description
Potent and very selective A1 adenosine receptor antagonist, both in vitro and in vivo.
Product Specific Literature References
1,3-Dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine (DPCPX) inhibition of [3H]N- ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA) binding allows the visualization of putative non-A1 adenosine receptors: K.S. Lee & M. Reddington; Brain Res. 368, 394 (1986) Abstract
Binding of the A1-selective adenosine antagonist 8-cyclopentyl-1,3- dipropylxanthine to rat brain membranes: R.F. Bruns, et al.; Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 335, 59 (1987) Abstract
PD 116,948, a highly selective A1 adenosine receptor antagonist: S.J. Haleen, et al.; Life Sci. 40, 555 (1987) Abstract
Effects of 1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine (DPCPX), a highly selective adenosine receptor antagonist, on force of contraction in guinea-pig atrial and ventricular cardiac preparations: H. von der Leyen, et al.; Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 340, 204 (1989) Abstract
Characterization of the adenosine receptors mediating hypothermia in the conscious mouse: Anderson, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 113, 1386 (1994) Abstract
 
 
ALX-620-064 Revised 17-Dec-04
Dansyl-NECA
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SYNONYMS 1-Deoxy-1-[6-[[6-[[[5-(dimethylamino)-1-naphthalenyl]sulfonyl]amino]hexyl]amino]-9H-purin-9-yl]-N-ethyl-β-D-ribofuranuronamide
PRODUCT LINE Neurobiology
PRODUCT CATEGORY Adenosine Receptors / Related Products
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ALX-620-064-MC05   0.5 mg 80.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C30H40N8O6S
MW: 640.8
CAS NUMBER: 219982-12-4
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: Yellow solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO or methanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.

Product Description
Fluorescent ligand for adenosine receptors with a marked selectivity for the A1 receptor subtype. Has been successfully applied in fluorescence microscopy assays.
Product Specific Literature References
Fluorescent probes for adenosine receptors: synthesis and biology of N6-dansylaminoalkyl-substituted NECA derivatives: M. Macchia, et al.; Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 8, 3223 (1998) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Dyes / Stains / Fluorescent Probes / Fluorescent Labels
 
 
ALX-480-038 Revised 18-Jun-08
IBMX
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SYNONYMS 3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine
PRODUCT LINE Neurobiology
PRODUCT CATEGORY Adenosine Receptors / Related Products
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ALX-480-038-M500   500 mg 99.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-480-038-G001   1 g 195.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C10H14N4O2
MW: 222.3
CAS NUMBER: 28822-58-4
RTECS: ZD8500000
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol, DMSO or methanol (warm, 50mg/ml); almost insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: HARMFUL.
IDENTITY: Identity determined by IR.

Product Description
Potent, non-specific inhibitor of phosphodiesterases. More potent than theophylline (Prod. No. ALX-480-062) at adenosine receptors. Accelerates conversion of mouse fibroblast cells into adipose cells.
Product Specific Literature References
Effects of xanthine derivatives on lipolysis and on adenosine 3',5'- monophosphate phosphodiesterase activity: J.A. Beavo, et al.; Mol. Pharmacol. 6, 597 (1970) Abstract
Adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate and insulin release: W. Montague & J.R. Cook; Biochem. J. 120, 9P (1970) Abstract
The role of adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate in the regulation of insulin release by isolated rat islets of Langerhans: W. Montague & J.R. Cook; Biochem. J. 122, 115 (1971) Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity in normal mouse pancreatic islets: S.J. Ashcroft, et al.; FEBS Lett. 20, 263 (1972) Abstract
The mode of action of adenosine 3’:5’-cyclic monophosphate in mammalian islets of Langerhans. Effects of insulin secretagogues on islet-cell protein kinase activity: W. Montague & S.L. Howell; Biochem. J. 134, 321 (1973) Abstract
Effects of methylxanthines on adenosine 3’,5’-monophosphate and corticosterone in the rat adrenal: A. Peytremann, et al.; Endocrinology 92, 525 (1973) Abstract
Concentration of adenosine 3’:5’-cyclic monophosphate in mouse pancreatic islets measured by a protein-binding radioassay: R.H. Cooper, et al.; Biochem. J. 134, 599 (1973) Abstract
Determination of theophylline in plasma by electron capture gas chromatography: H.A. Schwertner, et al.; Anal. Chem. 48, 1875 (1976) Abstract
Methyl xanthine phosphodiesterase inhibitors behave as prostaglandin antagonists in a perfused rat mesenteric artery preparation: D.F. Horrobin, et al.; Prostaglandins 13, 33 (1977) Abstract
Selective inhibition of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases by analogues of 1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine: G.L. Kramer, et al.; Biochemistry 16, 3316 (1977) Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases of human and rat gastric mucosa: U. Klotz, et al.; Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. 296, 187 (1977) Abstract
Allergic reactions, cyclic AMP and histamine release: P.S. Skov, et al.; Experientia 33, 965 (1977) Abstract
Differentiation of 3T3-L2 fibroblasts into adipose cells in bromodeoxyuridine-suppressed cultures: T.R. Russell; PNAS 76, 4451 (1979) Abstract
Inhibition of growth of primary and metastatic Lewis lung carcinoma cells by the phosphodiesterase inhibitor isobutylmethylxanthine: P. Janik, et al.; Cancer Res. 40, 1950 (1980) Abstract
Induction of a transient elevation in intracellular levels of adenosine-3’,5’-cyclic monophosphate by chemotactic factors: an early event in human neutrophil activation: L. Simchowitz, et al.; J. Immunol. 124, 1482 (1980) Abstract
Selective inhibition of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP phosphodiesterases of cardiac nuclear fraction: G.S. Ahluwalia & A.R. Rhoads; Biochem. Pharmacol. 31, 665 (1982) Abstract
Characterization of the A2 adenosine receptor labeled by [3H]NECA in rat striatal membranes: R.F. Bruns, et al.; Mol. Pharmacol. 29, 331 (1986) Abstract
Methylxanthine inhibitors of phosphodiesterases: J.N. Wells & J.R. Miller; Methods Enzymol. 159, 489 (1988) Abstract
Psychomotor-stimulant effects of 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine: comparison with caffeine and 7-(2-chloroethyl) theophylline: V.L. Coffin and R.D. Spealman; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 170, 35 (1989) Abstract
Differential effects of Ro 20-1724 and isobutylmethylxanthine on the basal force of contraction and beta-adrenoceptor-mediated response in the rat ventricular myocardium: Y. Katano & M. Endoh; BBRC 167, 123 (1990) Abstract
Bemoradan--a novel inhibitor of the rolipram-insensitive cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase from canine heart tissue: J.B. Moore, Jr., et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 42, 679 (1991) Abstract
Effect of an antihypertensive hydrazine derivative on Ca2+ current of single frog cardiac cells: F. Scamps, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 244, 119 (1993) Abstract
Isobutylmethylxanthine and other classical cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitors affect cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity: C. Tomes, et al.; Cell. Signal. 5, 615 (1993) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Phosphodiesterases / Related Products
 
 
ALX-350-262 Revised 07-Oct-08
Kuanoniamine C
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Antitumor Reagents
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ALX-350-262-M001   1 mg 98.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C21H18N4OS
MW: 374.5
CAS NUMBER: 133401-11-3
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from the sponge Oceanapia spec.
PURITY: ≥97%
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.

Product Description
Cytotoxic. Inhibits proliferation of several cell lines. Binds to adenosine receptor subtypes A1 and A2A.
Product Specific Literature References
Bioactive pyridoacridine alkaloids from the micronesian sponge Oceanapia sp: C. Eder, et al.; J. Nat. Prod. 61, 301 (1998) Abstract
Pyrroloquinoline and pyridoacridine alkaloids from marine sources: Q. Ding, et al.; Curr. Med. Chem. 6, 1 (1999) Abstract
 
 
ALX-210-144/1 Revised 27-Dec-06
Polyclonal Antibody to Adenosine Receptor A1 (rat)
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PRODUCT LINE Neurobiology
PRODUCT CATEGORY Adenosine Receptors / Related Products
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ALX-210-144/1-R100   100 µl 379.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SPECIES CROSSREACTIVITY:
Rat
Others
SOURCE/HOST: From rabbit.
CONCENTRATION: 1mg/ml
PURITY DETAIL: Epitope-affinity purified IgG.
FORMULATION: Liquid. In PBS containing 1mg/ml BSA and 0.05% sodium azide.
IMMUNOGEN: Synthetic peptide corresponding to the C-terminal aa 309-326 (C309QPKPPIDEDLPEEKAED326) of rat adenosine receptor A1 (A1AR).
SPECIFICITY: Recognizes rat adenosine receptor A1. Detects a band of ~37kDa by Western blot. Does not cross-react with other adenosine receptors.
APPLICATION: Western Blot: 1:500.
Optimal conditions must be determined individually for each application.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Avoid freeze/thaw cycles.
General Information
Adenosine receptors (ARs) are members of the 7-transmembrane domain G-protein-coupled receptor superfamily.  Structural, biochemical and pharmacological analyses of the AR genes and protein has led to the discovery of four distinct AR subtypes (A1, A2a, A2b, A3).  Activation of ARs mediates several receptor subtype-specific physiological processes including cardiac rate, smooth muscle tone, platelet aggregation, inflammation, cell growth and death, and neurotransmission.
The A1AR is a glycoprotein of MW 36-40 kDa that can activate Gi and Go proteins in vitro.  In intact cells, agonist occupation of the A1AR has been shown to cause pertussis toxin-sensitive inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity and, in some systems, a stimulation of phospholipase C resulting in mobilization of intracellular calcium stores.  Activation of K+ channels by A1AR has been intensively studied in relation to its dramatic effects on the cardiovascular system.  A1AR protein is highly expressed in brain (especially cerebellum, hippocampus, thalamus, and cortex) and spinal cord and in part, modulates neurotransmitter release.  In white adipocytes A1AR inhibits lipolysis and stimulates glucose uptake.  Other tissues also express A1AR including kidney and testis.
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Polyclonal Antibodies
 
 
ALX-210-145 Revised 28-Sep-05
Polyclonal Antibody to Adenosine Receptor A2a
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PRODUCT LINE Neurobiology
PRODUCT CATEGORY Adenosine Receptors / Related Products
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ALX-210-145-R100   100 µl 379.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SPECIES CROSSREACTIVITY:
Human
Rat
Dog
SOURCE/HOST: From rabbit.
CONCENTRATION: 0.69mg/ml  
PURITY DETAIL: Epitope-affinity purified IgG.
FORMULATION: Liquid. In PBS containing 1mg/ml BSA and 0.05% sodium azide.
IMMUNOGEN: Synthetic peptide corresponding to the C-terminal aa 373-391 (E373SHGDMGLPDVELLSHELK391) of dog adenosine receptor A2a (A2aAR).
SPECIFICITY: Recognizes human, rat and dog adenosine receptor A2a. Detects a band of ~45kDa by Western blot. Does not cross-react with other adenosine receptors.
APPLICATION: Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections (1:100))
Immunoprecipitation
Western Blot: (1:1’000)
Optimal conditions must be determined individually for each application.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Avoid freeze/thaw cycles.
General Information
Adenosine receptors (ARs) are members of the 7-transmembrane domain G-protein-coupled receptor superfamily. Structural, biochemical and pharmacological analyses of the AR genes and protein have led to the discovery of four distinct AR subtypes (A1, A2a, A2b, A3).  Activation of ARs mediates several receptor subtype-specific physiological processes including cardiac rate, smooth muscle tone, platelet aggregation, inflammation, cell growth and death, and neuro-transmission.
The A2aAR is a glycoprotein (MW ~45 kDa) which activates adenylyl cyclase via Gs interactions.  Stimulation of A2aAR and the resultant accumulation of cAMP inhibits platelet aggregation and in certain vascular beds is associated with vasodilation and drop in blood pressure.  A2aAR is reported to interact with D2 dopamine receptor sites in the brain where they co-express (striatum, olfactory tubercle and nucleus accumbens).  Other tissues including heart, kidney, and lung also express A2aAR.
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Polyclonal Antibodies
 
 
ALX-480-061 Revised 15-Mar-06
Theobromine
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SYNONYMS 3,7-Dimethylxanthine
PRODUCT LINE Neurobiology
PRODUCT CATEGORY Adenosine Receptors / Related Products
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ALX-480-061-G005   5 g 10.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-480-061-G025   25 g 45.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C7H8N4O2
MW: 180.2
CAS NUMBER: 83-67-0
MERCK INDEX: 14: 9282
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: White solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 0.5M sodium hydroxide; insoluble in 100% ethanol or water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +20°C
HAZARD: TOXIC.

Product Description
Weak phosphodiesterase inhibitor and adenosine receptor blocker. Diuretic and smooth-muscle relaxant.
Product Specific Literature References
Subclasses of adenosine receptors in the central nervous system: interaction with caffeine and related methylxanthines: J.W. Daly, et al.; Cell Mol. Neurobiol. 3, 69 (1983) Abstract
Characterization of the A2 adenosine receptor labeled by [3H]NECA in rat striatal membranes: R.F. Bruns, et al.; Mol. Pharmacol. 29, 331 (1986) Abstract
 
 
ALX-480-062 Revised 24-Oct-07
Theophylline
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SYNONYMS 1,3-Dimethylxanthine
PRODUCT LINE Neurobiology
PRODUCT CATEGORY Adenosine Receptors / Related Products
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ALX-480-062-G005   5 g 5.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-480-062-G025   25 g 15.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C7H8N4O2
MW: 180.2
CAS NUMBER: 58-55-9
MERCK INDEX: 14: 9285
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: White solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in dilute aqueous acid, dilute aqueous base or 100% ethanol; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +20°C
HAZARD: TOXIC.

Product Description
Cyclic phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Weakly inhibits alkaline phosphodiesterases and 5’-nucleotidase. Muscle relaxant, cardiac stimulant and diuretic. Used for the treatment of asthma.
Product Specific Literature References
1,3-Dialkyl-8-(p-sulfophenyl)xanthines: potent water-soluble antagonists for A1- and A2-adenosine receptors: J.W. Daly, et al.; J. Med. Chem. 28, 487 (1985) Abstract
Characterization of the A2 adenosine receptor labeled by [3H]NECA in rat striatal membranes: R.F. Bruns, et al.; Mol. Pharmacol. 29, 331 (1986) Abstract
Theophylline: new perspectives for an old drug: P.J. Barnes; Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 167, 813 (2003), (Review) Abstract
 
 

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