ALEXIS Biochemicals: Hexaprenylhydroquinone

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ALX-270-109

Revised 14-Apr-08

Ophiobolin A
SYNONYMS	Cochliobolin A Ophiobalin
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Natural Products - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-270-109-MC01		0.1 mg	50.00 USD
ALX-270-109-M001		1 mg	220.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₂₅H₃₆O₄
MW:	400.6
CAS NUMBER:	4611-05-6
RTECS:	RL1576000
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Bipolaris leersia MST-FP107.
PURITY:	≥95% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in dimethyl formamide, DMSO, 100% ethanol or methanol.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light.
HAZARD:	HARMFUL.

Product Description

Cell permeable antagonist of calmodulin. Inhibits Ca²⁺/calmodulin-dependent phosphodiesterase. Inhibits P-glycoprotein-mediated transport. Exhibits antibacterial, antitumor and nematocidal activities. Phytotoxic.

Product Specific Literature References

The structure of ophiobolin, a C25 terpenoid having a novel skeleton: S. Nozoe, et al.; JACS 87, 4968 (1965) Abstract
The constitution of cochliobolin: L. Canonica, et al.; THL 7, 1211 (1966)
Ophiobolin A. A natural product inhibitor of calmodulin: P.C. Leung, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 259, 2742 (1984) Abstract; Full Text
Role of Calmodulin Inhibition in the Mode of Action of Ophiobolin A: P.C. Leung, et al.; Plant Physiol. 77, 303 (1985) Abstract; Full Text
Characterization of the interaction of ophiobolin A and calmodulin: P.C. Leung, et al.; Int. J. Biochem. 20, 1351 (1988) Abstract
Microbial metabolites of ophiobolin A and antimicrobial evaluation of ophiobolins: E. Li, et al.; J. Nat. Prod. 58, 74 (1995) Abstract
The biology of ophiobolins: T.K. Au, et al.; Life Sci. 67, 733 (2000), Review Abstract
Calmodulin and lipid binding to synaptobrevin regulates calcium-dependent exocytosis: S. Quetglas, et al.; EMBO J. 21, 3970 (2002) Abstract; Full Text
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea: A. Evidente, et al.; J. Agric. Food Chem. 54, 1779 (2006) Abstract
Inhibition of P-glycoprotein-mediated transport by terpenoids contained in herbal medicines and natural products: N. Yoshida, et al.; Food Chem. Toxicol. 44, 2033 (2006) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Calmodulin Inhibitors • Phosphodiesterases / Related Products • Natural Products with Antibiotic Activity • MDR Inhibitors • P-glycoprotein [Pgp] / Related Products • Other Toxins • Natural Products - Antitumor Reagents

ALX-270-160

Revised 27-Sep-07

Castanospermine
SYNONYMS	(1S,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-1,6,7,8-Tetrahydroxyoctahydroindolizine
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Natural Products - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-270-160-M010		10 mg	60.00 USD
ALX-270-160-M050		50 mg	180.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₈H₁₅NO₄
MW:	189.2
CAS NUMBER:	79831-76-8
MERCK INDEX:	14: 1896
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Castanospermum australe seeds.
PURITY:	≥98%
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
HANDLING:	Protect from moisture.

Product Description

Plant alkaloid. Potent inhibitor of α- and β-glucosidase activity in fibroblast extracts; inhibits the glycoprotein processing cycle. Exhibits antiviral properties. Prevents angiogenesis.

Product Specific Literature References

Castanospermine inhibits the processing of the oligosaccharide portion of the influenza viral hemagglutinin: Y.T. Pan, et al.; Biochemistry 22, 3975 (1983) Abstract
Glycoproteins: their structure, biosynthesis and possible clinical implications: H. Schachter; Clin. Biochem. 17, 3 (1984) Abstract
The effects of processing inhibitors of N-linked oligosaccharides on the intracellular migration of glycoprotein E2 of mouse hepatitis virus and the maturation of coronavirus particles: R. Repp, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 260, 15873 (1985) Abstract; Full Text
Effects of the anti-inflammatory compounds castanospermine, mannose-6- phosphate and fucoidan on allograft rejection and elicited peritoneal exudates: M.R. Bartlett, et al.; Immunol. Cell Biol. 72, 367 (1994) Abstract
Antiviral activity and metabolism of the castanospermine derivative MDL 28,574, in cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 2: S.P. Ahmed, et al.; BBRC 208, 267 (1995) Abstract
The alpha-glucosidase I inhibitor castanospermine alters endothelial cell glycosylation, prevents angiogenesis, and inhibits tumor growth: R. Pili, et al.; Cancer Res. 55, 2920 (1995) Abstract
Perturbation of free oligosaccharide trafficking in endoplasmic reticulum glucosidase I-deficient and castanospermine-treated cells: C. Durrant & S.E. Moore; Biochem. J. 365, 239 (2002) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Glycosidases / Related Products • Natural Products - Antiviral / anti-HIV Agents • Natural Products for Angiogenesis Research • Alkaloids

ALX-270-231

Revised 28-Feb-08

Caffeic acid
SYNONYMS	3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-270-231-M250		250 mg	10.00 USD
ALX-270-231-G001		1 g	14.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₉H₈O₄
MW:	180.2
CAS NUMBER:	331-39-5
MERCK INDEX:	14: 1635
SOURCE/HOST:	Synthetic.
PURITY:	≥97%
APPEARANCE:	Off-white to brown crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in 100% ethanol, DMSO or dimethyl formamide; also soluble in PBS, pH 7.2.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+20°C
USE/STABILITY:	Stable for at least 2 years when stored at +20°C. Organic stock solutions are stable for at least 6 months when stored at –20 °C. Store aqueous solutions of the product on ice and use within 12 hours of preparation.

Product Description

Naturally occuring phenolic compound found in many fruits, vegetables and herbs, including coffee. Shows anti-tumor, antiviral, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Inhibitor of 5- and 12-lipoxygenase (LO).

Product Specific Literature References

Caffeic acid is a selective inhibitor for leukotriene biosynthesis: Y. Koshihara, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 792, 92 (1984) Abstract
Inhibitory effect of caffeic acid esters on azoxymethane-induced biochemical changes and aberrant crypt foci formation in rat colon: C.V. Rao, et al.; Cancer Res. 53, 4182 (1993) Abstract
Inhibition of arachidonate lipoxygenase activities by 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanol, a phenolic compound from olives: N. Kohyama, et al.; Biosci. Biotech. Biochem. 61, 347 (1997) Abstract
Caffeic acid derivatives: in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties: F.M. da Cunha, et al.; Free Radic. Res. 38, 1241 (2004) Abstract
Novel and therapeutic effect of caffeic acid and caffeic acid phenyl ester on hepatocarcinoma cells: complete regression of hepatoma growth and metastasis by dual mechanism: T.W. Chung, et al.; FASEB J. 18, 1670 (2004) Abstract
Anti-HIV activities of natural antioxidant caffeic acid derivatives: toward an antiviral supplementation diet: F. Bailly & P. Cotelle; Curr. Med. Chem. 12, 1811 (2005) Abstract

Related Products

ALX-270-231	Caffeic acid
ALX-270-480	Caffeic acid ethyl ester

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Natural Products - Chemopreventive Agents • Natural Products - NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors • Natural Products - Immunomodulators • Natural Products - Antiviral / anti-HIV Agents • Phenolic Acids • Natural Products - Protein Kinase Inhibitors • Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors • NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • HIV / AIDS / Related Products

ALX-270-264

Revised 17-Apr-08

Carnosic acid
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Natural Products - Antioxidants

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-270-264-M010		10 mg	45.00 USD
ALX-270-264-M050		50 mg	140.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₂₀H₂₈O₄
MW:	332.4
CAS NUMBER:	3650-09-7
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Rosmarinus officinalis.
PURITY:	≥95%
APPEARANCE:	Yellow powder.
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light.

Product Description

Naturally occurring phenolic compound with antioxidant properties. Inhibits lipid peroxidation induced by NADH or NADPH oxidation. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) activator. Anti-inflammatory. Antimicrobial.

Product Specific Literature References

Antioxidative constituents of Rosmarinus officinalis and Salvia officinalis. II. Isolation of carnosic acid and formation of other phenolic diterpenes: K. Schwarz & W. Ternes; Z. Lebensm. Unters. Forsch. 195, 99 (1992) Abstract
Antioxidant and pro-oxidant properties of active rosemary constituents: carnosol and carnosic acid: O.I. Aruoma, et al.; Xenobiotica 22, 257 (1992) Abstract
Radical intermediates and antioxidants: an ESR study of radicals formed on carnosic acid in the presence of oxidized lipids: M. Geoffroy, et al.; Free Radic. Res. 21, 247 (1994) Abstract
Inhibition of lipid peroxidation and superoxide generation by diterpenoids from Rosmarinus officinalis: H. Haraguchi, et al.; Planta Med. 61, 333 (1995) Abstract
Rosemary components inhibit benzo[a]pyrene-induced genotoxicity in human bronchial cells: E.A. Offord, et al.; Carcinogenesis 16, 2057 (1995) Abstract
Chemiluminescence determination of the in vivo and in vitro antioxidant activity of RoseOx and carnosic acid: A.I. Kuzmenko, et al.; J. Photochem. Photobiol. B 48, 63 (1999) Abstract
Carnosic acid and carnosol, phenolic diterpene compounds of the labiate herbs rosemary and sage, are activators of the human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma: O. Rau, et al.; Planta Med. 72, 881 (2006) Abstract
Potentiation of antimicrobial activity of aminoglycosides by carnosol from Salvia officinalis: K. Horiuchi, et al.; Biol. Pharm. Bull. 30, 287 (2007) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Lipid Peroxidation • Active Substances from Fruit and Vegetables • Natural Products with Antibiotic Activity • Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents • PPAR Agonists

ALX-350-020

Revised 27-Aug-08

Wortmannin
SYNONYMS	KY 12420
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Natural Products - Protein Kinase Inhibitors

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-350-020-M001		1 mg	40.00 USD
ALX-350-020-M005		5 mg	140.00 USD
ALX-350-020-M025		25 mg	290.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₂₃H₂₄O₈
MW:	428.4
CAS NUMBER:	19545-26-7
MERCK INDEX:	14: 10053
RTECS:	CB9641000
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Talaromyces wortmannin KY 12420.
PURITY:	≥96% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO (25mg/ml), methanol (5mg/ml) or 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HAZARD:	VERY TOXIC.

Product Description

Potent and specific inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI(3)K), myosin light chain kinase and of neutrophil and formyl-Met-Leu-Phe-mediated phospholipase D activation. Strongly inhibits autophagy (proteolysis). Markedly potentiates the LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production from macrophages. Induces in vivo Alzheimer-like hyperphosphorylation in tau.

Product Specific Literature References

Activation of human neutrophil phospholipase D by three separable mechanisms: S.I. Reinhold, et al.; FASEB J. 4, 208 (1990) Abstract
Demethoxyviridin and wortmannin block phospholipase C and D activation in the human neutrophil: R.W. Bonser, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 103, 1237 (1991) Abstract
Inhibition of IgE-mediated histamine release by myosin light chain kinase inhibitors: S. Kitani, et al.; BBRC 183, 48 (1992) Abstract
Wortmannin, a microbial product inhibitor of myosin light chain kinase: S. Nakanishi, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 267, 2157 (1992) Abstract; Full Text
Wortmannin is a potent phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor: the role of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate in neutrophil responses: A. Arcaro & M.P. Wyman; Biochem. J. 296, 297 (1993) Abstract
Inhibition of histamine secretion by wortmannin through the blockade of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in RBL-2H3 cells: H. Yano, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 268, 25846 (1993) Abstract; Full Text
Effects of wortmannin on increased glucose transport by insulin and norepinephrine in primary culture of brown adipocytes: Y. Shimizu & T. Shimazu; BBRC 202, 660 (1994) Abstract
A comparison of demethoxyviridin and wortmannin as inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase: R. Woscholski, et al.; FEBS Lett. 342, 109 (1994) Abstract
Wortmannin inhibits insulin-stimulated but not contraction-stimulated glucose transport activity in skeletal muscle: A.D. Lee, et al.; FEBS Lett. 361, 51 (1995) Abstract
Wortmannin, a specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase, blocks osteoclastic bone resorption: I. Nakamura, et al.; FEBS Lett. 361, 79 (1995) Abstract
Wortmannin, a specific phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor, inhibits adipocytic differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells: K. Tomiyama, et al.; BBRC 212, 263 (1995) Abstract
Wortmannin as a unique probe for an intracellular signalling protein, phosphoinositide 3-kinase: M. Ui, et al.; TIBS 20, 303 (1995), (Review) Abstract
Wortmannin inhibits carcinogen-stimulated phosphorylation of ethanolamine and choline: Z. Kiss & M. Tomono; FEBS Lett. 358, 243 (1995) Abstract
Inhibitory effect of wortmannin on phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-mediated cellular events: O. Hazeki, et al.; J. Lipid Mediat. Cell Signal. 14, 259 (1996)
The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitors wortmannin and LY294002 inhibit autophagy in isolated rat hepatocytes: E.F. Blommaart, et al.; Eur. J. Biochem. 243, 240 (1997) Abstract
Wortmannin, a specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase, enhances LPS-induced NO production from murine peritoneal macrophages: Y.C. Park, et al.; BBRC 240, 692 (1997) Abstract
Alzheimer-like tau phosphorylation induced by wortmannin in vivo and its attenuation by melatonin: S.J. Liu & J.Z. Wang; Acta Pharmacol. Sin. 23, 183 (2002) Abstract
Chemistry and biology of wortmannin: P. Wipf & R.J. Halter; Org. Biomol. Chem. 3, 2053 (2005) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Phospholipase C / Related Products • Phospholipase D / Related Products • Myosin Light Chain Kinase Inhibitors • Tau / Related Products • Phosphoinositide 3-kinase [PI(3)K] / Related Products • Natural Products - Antifungal Agents • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • Natural Products - Nitric Oxide Pathway Modulators • Autophagy Other Products

ALX-350-027

Revised 19-Aug-08

Calphostin C
SYNONYMS	UCN-1028C
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Natural Products - Protein Kinase Inhibitors

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-350-027-C100		100 µg	85.00 USD
ALX-350-027-M001		1 mg	595.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₄₄H₃₈O₁₄
MW:	790.8
CAS NUMBER:	121263-19-2
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Cladosporium cladosporioides MST-FP1798.
PURITY:	≥95% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	Dark red solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in 100% ethanol, methanol, DMSO or dimethyl formamide; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
USE/STABILITY:	Stock solutions are stable for 3 months when stored at -20°C.
HANDLING:	Protect from light.

Product Description

Potent and selective inhibitor of the protein kinase C (PKC) regulatory site of diacylglycerol and phorbol esters. At higher concentrations inhibits myosin light chain kinase, cAMP-dependent protein kinase, protein kinase G and pp60v-src protein tyrosine kinase. Induces apoptotic DNA fragmentation and cell death. Kills breast cancer cells. Has antiviral potential. Inhibits cardiac L-type Ca²⁺ channels.

Product Specific Literature References

Calphostin C (UCN-1028C), a novel microbial compound, is a highly potent and specific inhibitor of protein kinase C: E. Kobayashi, et al.; BBRC 159, 548 (1989) Abstract
Potent and specific inhibitors of protein kinase C of microbial origin: T. Tamaoki and H. Nakano; Biotechnology 8, 732 (1990) Abstract
Inhibition of protein kinase C by calphostin C is light-dependent: R.F. Bruns, et al.; BBRC 176, 288 (1991) Abstract
Irreversible oxidative inactivation of protein kinase C by photosensitive inhibitor calphostin C: R. Gopalakrishna, et al.; FEBS Lett. 314, 149 (1992) Abstract
Calphostin C, a specific protein kinase C inhibitor, activates human neutrophils: effect on phospholipase A2 and aggregation: S. Svetlov and S. Nigam; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1177, 75 (1993) Abstract
Induction of apoptotic DNA fragmentation and cell death in HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells by pharmacological inhibitors of protein kinase C: W.D. Jarvis, et al.; Cancer Res. 54, 1707 (1994) Abstract
Growth inhibition of herpes simplex virus-type 1 in calphostin C-treated astrocytes: C.G. Castagnino, et al.; Intervirology 38, 332 (1995) Abstract
Calphostin C, a widely used protein kinase C inhibitor, directly and potently blocks L-type Ca channels: H.C. Hartzell & A. Rinderknecht; Am. J. Physiol. 270, C1293 (1996) Abstract
Pharmacokinetic features and metabolism of calphostin C, a naturally occurring perylenequinone with antileukemic activity: C.L. Chen, et al.; Pharm. Res. 16, 1003 (1999) Abstract
Potent killing of paclitaxel- and doxorubicin-resistant breast cancer cells by calphostin C accompanied by cytoplasmic vacuolization: B. Guo, et al.; Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 82, 125 (2003) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors • PKA Inhibitors • PKC Inhibitors • PKG Inhibitors • Myosin Light Chain Kinase Inhibitors • Ca2+ Channels (L-type) • Natural Products - Antiviral / anti-HIV Agents • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • Natural Products - Antitumor Reagents

ALX-350-030

Revised 20-Oct-08

Hypericin (native)
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Natural Products - Protein Kinase Inhibitors

Ordering Information

ALX-270-244	Caffeic acid phenylethyl ester
ALX-270-480	Caffeic acid ethyl ester

FORMULA:	C₁₇H₁₆O₄
MW:	284.3
CAS NUMBER:	115610-29-2
SOURCE/HOST:	Synthetic.
PURITY:	≥97% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol, methanol, acetone or acetonitrile; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
USE/STABILITY:	Stable for at least one year after receipt when stored at –20°C.
HANDLING:	Protect from light and moisture.
HAZARD:	IRRITANT.