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NF-kB Pathway
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ALX-260-092 Revised 05-Jun-08
MG-132
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SYNONYMS Z-LLL-CHO
Z-Leu-Leu-Leu-CHO
PRODUCT LINE Ubiquitin & Proteasome
PRODUCT CATEGORY Proteasome / Related Products
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-260-092-M001   1 mg 25.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-260-092-M005   5 mg 60.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: Z-Leu-Leu-Leu-CHO
FORMULA: C26H41N3O5
MW: 475.6
CAS NUMBER: 133407-82-6
PURITY: ≥95% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
IDENTITY: Identity determined by MS.
Product Description
Potent, reversible and cell permeable proteasome inhibitor. Inhibits NF-κB activation.
Product Specific Literature References
Inhibitors of the proteasome block the degradation of most cell proteins and the generation of peptides presented on MHC class I molecules: K.L. Rock, et al.; Cell 78, 761 (1994) Abstract
Multiple proteolytic systems, including the proteasome, contribute to CFTR processing: T.J. Jensen, et al.; Cell 83, 129 (1995) Abstract
The proteasome pathway is required for cytokine-induced endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule expression: M.A. Read, et al.; Immunity 2, 493 (1995) Abstract
Selective inhibitors of the proteasome-dependent and vacuolar pathways of protein degradation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: D.H. Lee and A.L. Goldberg; J. Biol. Chem. 271, 27280 (1996) Abstract; Full Text
The human cytomegalovirus US11 gene product dislocates MHC class I heavy chains from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cytosol: E.J. Wiertz, et al.; Cell 84, 769 (1996) Abstract
Proteasome inhibitors activate stress kinases and induce Hsp72. Diverse effects on apoptosis: A.B. Meriin, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 273, 6373 (1998) Abstract; Full Text
Role of proteasomal degradation in the cell cycle-dependent regulation of DNA topoisomerase IIalpha expression: L. Salmena, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 61, 795 (2001) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors
 
 
ALX-270-219 Revised 15-May-07
BAY 11-7082
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SYNONYMS (E)-3-(4-Methylphenylsulfonyl)-2-propenenenitrile
PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors
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ALX-270-219-M010   10 mg 45.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-219-M050   50 mg 190.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C10H9NO2S
MW: 207.3
CAS NUMBER: 195462-67-7
PURITY: ≥99%
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol, methanol or methylene dichloride; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light. Keep under inert gas.

Product Description
Inhibitor of cytokine induced IκBα phosphorylation resulting thereby in a decreased expression of NF-κB and adhesion molecules. Potential anti-inflammatory agent.
Product Specific Literature References
Novel inhibitor of cytokine-induced IkBa phosphorylation and endothelial cell adhesion molecule expression show anti-inflammatory effects in vivo: J.W. Pierce, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 272, 21096 (1997) Abstract; Full Text
Inhibition of NF-kappaB induces apoptosis of KSHV-infected primary effusion lymphoma cells: S.A. Keller, et al.; Blood 96, 2537 (2000) Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-I protects colon cancer cells from death factor-induced apoptosis by potentiating tumor necrosis factor alpha- induced mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor kappaB signaling pathways: M.M. Remacle-Bonnet, et al.; Cancer Res. 60, 2007 (2000) Abstract
Up-regulation of multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein via nuclear factor- kappaB activation protects kidney proximal tubule cells from cadmium- and reactive oxygen species-induced apoptosis: F. Thevenod, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 275, 1887 (2000) Abstract; Full Text
Neuronal injury-induced expression and release of apolipoprotein E in mixed neuron/glia co-cultures: nuclear factor kappaB inhibitors reduce basal and lesion-induced secretion of apolipoprotein E: V. Petegnief, et al.; Neuroscience 104, 223 (2001) Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 promotes microglial activation, proliferation, and matrix metalloproteinase-9-mediated neuron death: T.M. Kauppinen & R.A. Swanson; J. Immunol. 174, 2288 (2005) Abstract; Full Text
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Anti-inflammatory Agents Other Products
 
 
ALX-270-220 Revised 04-Nov-05
BAY 11-7085
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SYNONYMS (E)-3-(t-Butylphenylsulfonyl)-2-propenenitrile
PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors
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ALX-270-220-M010   10 mg 60.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C13H15NO2S
MW: 249.3
CAS NUMBER: 196309-76-9
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white crystalline powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO or ethanol; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light. Keep under inert gas.

Product Description
Has biological properties very similar to those of BAY 11-7082 (Prod. No. ALX-270-219). In addition, the product exhibits potent anti-inflammatory properties in vivo.
Product Specific Literature References
Novel inhibitors of cytokine-induced IkappaBalpha phosphorylation and endothelial cell adhesion molecule expression show anti-inflammatory effects in vivo: J.W. Pierce, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 272, 21096 (1997) Abstract; Full Text
Pharmacologic interference with NF-kappaB activation attenuates central nervous system complications in experimental Pneumococcal meningitis: U. Koedel, et al.; J. Infect Dis. 182, 1437 (2000) Abstract
Neuronal injury-induced expression and release of apolipoprotein E in mixed neuron/glia co-cultures: nuclear factor kappaB inhibitors reduce basal and lesion-induced secretion of apolipoprotein E: V. Petegnief, et al.; Neuroscience 104, 223 (2001) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Anti-inflammatory Agents Other Products
 
 
ALX-270-244 Revised 03-Apr-08
Caffeic acid phenylethyl ester
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SYNONYMS CAPE
Phenethyl caffeiate
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-270-244-M010   10 mg 20.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-244-M050   50 mg 60.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C17H16O4
MW: 284.3
CAS NUMBER: 115610-29-2
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic.
PURITY: ≥97% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol, methanol, acetone or acetonitrile; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Stable for at least one year after receipt when stored at –20°C.
HANDLING: Protect from light and moisture.
HAZARD: IRRITANT.

Product Description
Active component of propolis from honeybee hives, known to have anti-mitogenic, anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. Potent and specific inhibitor of NF-κB activation, induced by TNF-α (Prod. No. ALX-522-008 (human) or Prod. No. ALX-522-009 (mouse)), PMA (Prod. No. ALX-445-004) and other inflammatory agents. Exhibits inhibitory activity against HIV-1 integrase (IC50=7µM). Suppresses lipid peroxidation and inhibits ornithine decarboxylase, protein tyrosine kinase and lipoxygenase activities. Induces apoptosis.
Product Specific Literature References
Hydroxylated aromatic inhibitors of HIV-1 integrase: T.R. Burke Jr., et al.; J. Med. Chem. 38, 4171 (1995) Abstract
Apoptosis and altered redox state induced by caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) in transformed rat fibroblast cells: C. Chiao, et al.; Cancer Res. 55, 3576 (1995) Abstract
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester is a potent and specific inhibitor of activation of nuclear transcription factor NF-kappa B: K. Natarajan, et al.; PNAS 93, 9090 (1996) Abstract
Inhibitory effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on the activity and expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in human oral epithelial cells and in a rat model of inflammation: P. Michaluart, et al.; Cancer Res. 59, 2347 (1999) Abstract
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester induces leukocyte apoptosis, modulates nuclear factor-kappa B and suppresses acute inflammation: Z. Orban, et al.; Neuroimmunomodulation 7, 99 (2000) Abstract
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester inhibits T-cell activation by targeting both nuclear factor of activated T-cells and NF-kappaB transcription factors: N. Marquez, et al.; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 308, 993 (2004) Abstract
Caffeic acid derivatives: in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties: F.M. da Cunha, et al.; Free Radic. Res. 38, 1241 (2004) Abstract
Drastic effect of several caffeic acid derivatives on the induction of heme oxygenase-1 expression revealed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR: K. Suzuki, et al.; Biofactors 28, 151 (2006) Abstract
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Further Categories Containing This Product:
Natural Products - Chemopreventive Agents • Natural Products - NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors • Natural Products - Immunomodulators • Natural Products - Antiviral / anti-HIV Agents • Phenolic Acids • Natural Products - Protein Kinase Inhibitors • Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors • NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • HIV / AIDS / Related Products
 
 
ALX-270-480 Revised 10-Mar-08
Caffeic acid ethyl ester
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SYNONYMS CAEE
Ethyl caffeate
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents
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ALX-270-480-M050   50 mg 20.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-480-M250   250 mg 60.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C11H12O4
MW: 208.2
CAS NUMBER: 66648-50-8
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Stable for at least one year after receipt when stored at -20°C.
HANDLING: Protect from light and moisture.

Product Description
Shows anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Suppresses lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production (IC50=5.5µg/ml). Potent and specific inhibitor of NF-κB and its downstream inflammatory mediators inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS; NOS II), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Prevents DNA single-strand breaks caused by H2O2.
Product Specific Literature References
Inhibitory effects of caffeic acid ethyl ester on H2O2-induced cytotoxicity and DNA single-strand breaks in Chinese hamster V79 cells: T. Nakayama, et al.; Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 60, 316 (1996) Abstract
Ethyl caffeate suppresses NF-kappaB activation and its downstream inflammatory mediators, iNOS, COX-2, and PGE2 in vitro or in mouse skin: Y.M. Chiang, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 146, 352 (2005) Abstract
Antitumor activity of some natural flavonoids and synthetic derivatives on various human and murine cancer cell lines: M. Cardenas, et al.; Bioorg. Med. Chem. 14, 2966 (2006) Abstract
Drastic effect of several caffeic acid derivatives on the induction of heme oxygenase-1 expression revealed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR: K. Suzuki, et al.; Biofactors 28, 151 (2006) Abstract
Related Products
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Prostaglandins Other Products • Natural Products - Chemopreventive Agents • Natural Products - NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors • Natural Products - Immunomodulators • Natural Products - Nitric Oxide Pathway Modulators • Phenolic Acids • NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors
 
 
ALX-280-017 Revised 31-Oct-06
Diethylmaleate
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SYNONYMS 2-Butenedioic acid
PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors
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ALX-280-017-G005   5 g 15.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C8H12O4
MW: 172.2
CAS NUMBER: 141-05-9
MERCK INDEX: 14: 3123
RTECS: ON1225000
PURITY: ≥97%
APPEARANCE: Clear liquid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol or ether; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HAZARD: MAY BE MUTAGENIC. IRRITANT. MAY BE CARCINOGENIC.

Product Description
Reduces NF-κB activation through the formation of conjugates with NF-κB.
Product Specific Literature References
Acrolein causes inhibitor kappaB-independent decreases in nuclear factor kappaB activation in human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cells: N.D. Horton, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 274, 9200 (1999) Abstract; Full Text
 
 
ALX-306-022 Revised 07-Feb-05
D-erythro-Sphingosine chloride, N,N,N-Trimethyl-
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SYNONYMS N,N,N-Trimethyl-D-erythro-sphingosine chloride
PRODUCT LINE Neurobiology
PRODUCT CATEGORY Ceramides / Cerebrosides / Sphingolipids / Related Products
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ALX-306-022-M005   5 mg 90.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C21H44ClNO2
MW: 378.0
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic.
APPEARANCE: White crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water, methanol or DMSO; slightly soluble in chloroform.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Keep under inert gas. Hygroscopic.

Product Description
Stable N-methylated derivative of sphingosine that exhibits antitumor and anti-inflammatory properties and inhibits platelet activating factor (PAF) activation and protein kinase C (PKC) activity. Inhibits IL-1β-induced NF-κB activation and cell surface expression of crucial selectins which promote adhesion of Lex- or sialosyl-Lex-expressing cells with platelets and endothelial cells.
Product Specific Literature References
Downregulation of GMP-140 (CD62 or PADGEM) expression on platelets by N,N-dimethyl and N,N,N-trimethyl derivatives of sphingosine: K. Handa, et al.; Biochemistry 30, 11682 (1991) Abstract
Cell membrane signaling as target in cancer therapy. II: Inhibitory effect of N,N,N-trimethylsphingosine on metastatic potential of murine B16 melanoma cell line: H. Okoshi, et al.; Cancer Res. 51, 6019 (1991) Abstract
Effect of sphingosine and its N-methyl derivatives on oxidative burst, phagokinetic activity, and trans-endothelial migration of human neutrophils: S. Kimura, et al.; Biochem. Pharmacol. 44, 1585 (1992) Abstract
Liposomal N,N,N-trimethylsphingosine (TMS) as an inhibitor of B16 melanoma cell growth and metastasis with reduced toxicity and enhanced drug efficacy compared to free TMS: cell membrane signaling as a target in cancer therapy III: Y.S. Park, et al.; Cancer Res. 54, 2213 (1994) Abstract
N,N,N-trimethylsphingosine inhibits interleukin-1 beta-induced NF-kappa B activation and consequent E-selectin expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells: A. Masamune, et al.; FEBS Lett. 367, 205 (1995) Abstract
Lysophosphatidylcholine promotes P-selectin expression in platelets and endothelial cells. Possible involvement of protein kinase C activation and its inhibition by nitric oxide donors: T. Murohara, et al.; Circ. Res. 78, 780 (1996) Abstract; Full Text
Further Categories Containing This Product:
PKC Inhibitors • Anti-inflammatory Agents Other Products • Antitumor Agents (Enzyme Inhibitors) • NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors
 
 
ALX-340-029 Revised 08-Jul-08
Anandamide
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SYNONYMS AEA
N-Arachidonoylethanolamine
(all-Z)-N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenamide
PRODUCT LINE Neurobiology
PRODUCT CATEGORY Anandamide & Anandamide Analogs
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-340-029-M005   5 mg 51.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C22H37NO2
MW: 347.5
CAS NUMBER: 94421-68-8
MERCK INDEX: 14: 624
RTECS: JX3842500
CONCENTRATION: 50mg/ml 
PURITY: ≥98%
FORMULATION: Liquid. Solution in ethanol.
SOLUBILITY: 10mg/ml soluble in DMSO or dimethyl formamide.
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Stable for at least 1 year after receipt when stored at -20°C. Stable for at least 6 months in other organic solvents when stored at -20°C.
HANDLING: Protect from light and oxygen.

Product Description
Endogenous [1] ligand for the CB1 receptor (CB1: Ki=52nm; CB2: Ki=1930nm [2]) and TRPV1 (Ki=5.78µM [3,4]). Inhibits NF-κB activation through direct binding to IKKβ [5] and induces apoptosis independently of cannabinoid or vanilloid receptors [6]. Activates the MAP kinase (MAPK/ERK) signalling pathway [7].
Product Specific Literature References
[1] Isolation and structure of a brain constituent that binds to the cannabinoid receptor: W.A. Devane, et al.; Science 258, 1946 (1992) Abstract
[2] Novel analogues of arachidonylethanolamide (anandamide): affinities for the CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors and metabolic stability: S. Lin, et al.; J. Med. Chem. 41, 5353 (1998) Abstract
[3] Vanilloid receptors on sensory nerves mediate the vasodilator action of anandamide: P.M. Zygmunt, et al.; Nature 400, 452 (1999) Abstract
[4] Structure-activity relationship for the endogenous cannabinoid, anandamide, and certain of its analogues at vanilloid receptors in transfected cells and vas deferens: R.A. Ross, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 132, 631 (2001) Abstract
[5] Anandamide inhibits nuclear factor-kappaB activation through a cannabinoid receptor-independent pathway: R. Sancho, et al.; Mol. Pharmacol. 63, 429 (2003) Abstract
[6] Anandamide induces cell death independently of cannabinoid receptors or vanilloid receptor 1: possible involvement of lipid rafts: K.P. Sarker, et al.; Cell Mol. Life Sci. 60, 1200 (2003) Abstract
[7] The MAP kinase signal transduction pathway is activated by the endogenous cannabinoid anandamide: M. Wartmann, et al.; FEBS Lett. 359, 133 (1995) Abstract
Biochemistry and pharmacology of arachidonylethanolamide, a putative endogenous cannabinoid: C.J. Hillard & W.B. Campbell; J. Lipid Res. 38, 2383 (1997), (Review) Abstract
The endogenous cannabinoid anandamide inhibits human breast cancer cell proliferation: L. De Petrocellis, et al.; PNAS 95, 8375 (1998) Abstract
Cannabinoid receptors and their endogenous agonist, anandamide: J. Axelrod & C.C. Felder; Neurochem. Res. 23, 575 (1998), (Review) Abstract
Endocannabinoids: endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligands with neuromodulatory action: V. Di Marzo, et al.; TINS 21, 521 (1998), (Review) Abstract
Endocannabinoids: a new class of vasoactive substances: M.D. Randall & D.A. Kendall; TIPS 19, 55 (1998), (Review) Abstract
Metabolism of anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol: an historical overview and some recent developments: V. Di Marzo, et al.; Lipids 34, S319 (1999), (Review) Abstract
Anandamide: a candidate neurotransmitter heads for the big leagues: D.W. Self; Nat. Neurosci. 2, 303 (1999), (Review) Abstract
New perspectives on enigmatic vanilloid receptors: A. Szallasi & V. Di Marzo; TINS 23, 491 (2000), (Review) Abstract
Anandamide: some like it hot: V. Di Marzo, et al.; TIPS 22, 346 (2001), (Review) Abstract
Anandamide is an endogenous inhibitor for the migration of tumor cells and T lymphocytes: J. Joseph, et al.; Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 53, 723 (2004) Abstract
Anandamide-induced cell death in primary neuronal cultures: role of calpain and caspase pathways: V.A. Movsesyan, et al.; Cell Death Differ. 11, 1121 (2004) Abstract
Arachidonylethanolamide induces apoptosis of human glioma cells through vanilloid receptor-1: E. Contassot, et al.; J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 63, 956 (2004) Abstract
Preferred conformations of endogenous cannabinoid ligand anandamide: J.Z. Chen, et al.; Life Sci. 76, 2053 (2005) Abstract
The cardiovascular actions of anandamide: more targets?: M.D. Randall; Br. J. Pharmacol. 145, 565 (2005) Abstract; Full Text
Accumulation of anandamide: Evidence for cellular diversity: C.J. Hillard and A. Jarrahian; Neuropharmacology 48, 1072 (2005) Abstract
Anandamide as an intracellular messenger regulating ion channel activity: M. van der Stelt and V. Di Marzo; Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 77, 111 (2005) Abstract
Anandamide reduces infarct size in rat isolated hearts subjected to ischaemia-reperfusion by a novel cannabinoid mechanism: N.J. Underdown, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 146, 809 (2005) Abstract
Anandamide inhibits adhesion and migration of breast cancer cells: C. Grimaldi, et al.; Exp. Cell Res. 312, 363 (2006) Abstract
General Information
BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION To change the solvent, evaporate the ethanol under a gentle stream of nitrogen and immediately add the solvent of choice.
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Endocannabinoids • MAPK Pathway Activators • Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors Other Products • Endovanilloids • NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors
 
 
ALX-350-028 Revised 12-Sep-08
Curcumin (high purity)