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Antibiotics
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ALX-201-240 Revised 16-Sep-08
Elafin (human) (recombinant)
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SYNONYMS ESI (human) (recombinant)
Elastase-specific Inhibitor (human) (recombinant)
SKALP (human) (recombinant)
Skin-derived Antileukoproteinase (human) (recombinant)
Protease Inhibitor WAP3 (human) (recombinant)
PRODUCT LINE Immunology
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antimicrobial Peptides & Proteins / Related Products
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-201-240-C100   100 µg 275.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
MW: ~5.9kDa
SOURCE/HOST: Produced in yeast.
PURITY: ≥90% (HPLC, SDS-PAGE, MS)
APPEARANCE: White to faint yellow powder.
FORMULATION: Lyophilized.
RECONSTITUTION: Reconstitute in sterile distilled water. Further dilutions should be made in aqueous buffers, pH 4.0-8.0.
BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY: Inhibits human leukocyte elastase (Ki=0.17nM) and human proteinase 3 (Ki=0.42nM) .
SPECIFIC ACTIVITY: Inhibition of human leukocyte elastase: ≥90%
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: After opening, prepare aliquots and store at -20°C. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles.
HAZARD: HARMFUL.
Product Description
Belongs to the chelonianin family of protease inhibitors and is involved in the physiological control of neutrophil serine proteinases, where it targets NE and proteinase 3. Shows antiprotease, antibacterial and antiinflammatory activity and primes innate immunity.
Product Specific Literature References
[1] Elafin: an elastase-specific inhibitor of human skin. Purification, characterization, and complete amino acid sequence: O. Wiedow, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 265, 14791 (1990) Abstract; Full Text
[2] Skin-derived antileucoproteases (SKALPs): characterization of two new elastase inhibitors from psoriatic epidermis: J. Schalkwijk, et al.; Br. J. Dermatol. 122, 631 (1990) Abstract
[3] Purification and characterization of elastase-specific inhibitor. Sequence homology with mucus proteinase inhibitor: J.M. Sallenave and A.P. Ryle; Biol. Chem. Hoppe Seyler 372, 13 (1991) Abstract
[4] Primary structure of the human elafin precursor preproelafin deduced from the nucleotide sequence of its gene and the presence of unique repetitive sequences in the prosegment: Saheki, et al.; Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 185, 240 (1992) Abstract
[5] Kinetics of the inhibition of human leukocyte elastase by elafin, a 6-kilodalton elastase-specific inhibitor from human skin: Q.L. Ying and S.R. Simon; Biochemistry 32, 1866 (1993) Abstract
[6] SKALP/elafin: an elastase inhibitor from cultured human keratinocytes. Purification, cDNA sequence, and evidence for transglutaminase cross-linking: H.O. Molhuizen, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 268, 12028 (1993) Abstract
[7] Characterization and gene sequence of the precursor of elafin, an elastase-specific inhibitor in bronchial secretions: J.M. Sallenave and A. Silva; Am. J. Respir. Cell. Mol. Biol. 8, 439 (1993) Abstract
[8] Kinetics of the inhibition of human leukocyte elastase by elafin, a 6-kilodalton elastase-specific inhibitor from human skin: Q.L. Ying and S.R. Simon; Biochemistry 32, 1866 (1993) Abstract
[9] Elastase inhibitor elafin is a new type of proteinase inhibitor which has a transglutaminase-mediated anchoring sequence termed "cementoin": K. Nara, et al.; J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 115, 441 (1994) Abstract
[10] Accelerated evolution in inhibitor domains of porcine elafin family members: I. Tamechika, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 271, 7012 (1996) Abstract; Full Text
[11] Identification and sequence analysis of two new members of the SKALP/elafin and SPAI-2 gene family. Biochemical properties of the transglutaminase substrate motif and suggestions for a new nomenclature: P.L. Zeeuwen, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 272, 20471 (1997) Abstract; Full Text
[12] The trappin gene family: proteins defined by an N-terminal transglutaminase substrate domain and a C-terminal four-disulphide core: J. Schalkwijk, et al.; Biochem. J. 340, 569 (1999) Abstract; Full Text
[13] The role of secretory leukocyte proteinase inhibitor and elafin (elastase-specific inhibitor/skin-derived antileukoprotease) as alarm antiproteinases in inflammatory lung disease: J.M. Sallenave; Respir. Res. 1, 87 (2000) Abstract
[14] Kinetics of the inhibition of proteinase 3 by elafin: Q.L. Ying and S.R. Simon; Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 24, 83 (2001) Abstract
[15] Trappin ovine molecule (TOM), the ovine ortholog of elafin, is an acute phase reactant in the lung: T.I. Brown, et al.; Physiol. Genomics 19, 11 (2004) Abstract; Full Text
[16] Elafin and Its Precursor Trappin-2 Still Inhibit Neutrophil Serine Proteinases when They Are Covalently Bound to Extracellular Matrix Proteins by Tissue Transglutaminase: N. Guyot, et al.; Biochemistry 44, 15610 (2005) Abstract
[17] SLPI and elafin: one glove, many fingers: S.E. Williams, et al.; Clin. Sci. (Lond) 110, 21 (2006) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Proteases Other Products • Recombinant Proteins / Fusion Proteins • Inflammation Other Products
 
 
ALX-210-376 Revised 19-Jun-07
Polyclonal Antibody to Secretory Leukocyte Proteinase Inhibitor (human)
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SYNONYMS anti-SLPI (human) PAb
anti-Antileukoproteinase 1 (human) PAb
anti-ALP (human) PAb
PRODUCT LINE Immunology
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antimicrobial Peptides & Proteins / Related Products
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-210-376-C100   100 µg 220.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SPECIES CROSSREACTIVITY:
Human
SOURCE/HOST: From rabbit.
CONCENTRATION: 0.1mg/ml.
PURITY DETAIL: Protein G-affinity purified. 0.2µm-membrane filtered.
FORMULATION: Liquid. In PBS containing 15mM sodium azide.
IMMUNOGEN: Synthetic peptide corresponding to aa75-89 (P75VDTPNPTRRKPGKC89) of human SLPI (secretory leukocyte proteinase inhibitor).
SPECIFICITY: Recognizes human SLPI.
APPLICATION: ELISA
Immunohistochemistry (frozen sections (1:100-1:1'000), paraffin sections (1:100-1:1'000))
Western Blot
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HANDLING: Do not freeze.
Product Specific Literature References
Protease-protease inhibitor balance in the gastric mucosa. Influence of Helicobacter pylori infection: M. Nilius, et al.; Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 477, 445 (2000) Abstract
General Information
Secretory leukoprotease inhibitor (SLPI) is a low molecular weight serine proteinase inhibitor found on various mucosal surfaces and has been ascribed an important role in maintaining the protease-anti-protease balance of the airways. SLPI is produced by various epithelia and also possibly by neutrophils, mast cells and macrophages. Various studies have demonstrated the importance of serine proteinase inhibitors in regulating the activity of serine proteinases that are released by leukocytes during inflammation. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are able to up-regulate SPLI production in macrophages and addition of recombinant SLPI to human monocytes can down-regulate pro-inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), presumably to limit self-damaging excessive inflammation. SLPI may also have a broad spectrum antibiotic activity that includes antiretroviral (e.g. HIV), bactericidal and antifungal activity.
SLPI is a cationic, non-glycosylated 11.7kDa protein (107aa)comprising two domains (trypsin inhibitory domain, aa26-83 and elastase inhibitory domain, aa84-132). Its major target is thought to be the human neutrophil elastase, but SLPI also inhibits the neutrophil proteinase cathepsin G, pancreatic trypsin and chymotrypsin, as well as mast cell chymase and tryptase.
General Literature References
Secretory leukoprotease inhibitor: a native antimicrobial protein presenting a new therapeutic option?: J.F. Tomee, et al.; Thorax 53, 114 (1998), (Review) Abstract
The role of secretory leukocyte proteinase inhibitor and elafin (elastase-specific inhibitor/skin-derived antileukoprotease) as alarm antiproteinases in inflammatory lung disease: J.M. Sallenave; Respir. Res. 1, 87 (2000), (Review) Abstract; Full Text
Antimicrobial activity of antiproteinases: J.M. Sallenave; Biochem. Soc. Trans. 30, 111 (2002), (Review) Abstract; Full Text
Novel roles of protease inhibitors in infection and inflammation: P.S. Hiemstra; Biochem. Soc. Trans. 30, 116 (2002), (Review) Abstract; Full Text
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Proteases Other Products • Inflammation Other Products • Polyclonal Antibodies
 
 
ALX-260-128 Revised 03-Apr-08
Actinonin
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SYNONYMS 3[[1-[[2-(Hydroxymethyl)-1-pyrrolidinyl]-carbonyl]-2-methylpropyl]-carbamoyl]-octanohydroxamic acid
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antitumor Antibiotics
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ALX-260-128-M005   5 mg 90.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C19H35N3O5
MW: 385.5
CAS NUMBER: 13434-13-4
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: White powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C

Product Description
Inhibitor of aminopeptidase M, leucine aminopeptidase and deformylase. Shows antitumor activity. Apoptosis inducer.
Product Specific Literature References
Production of actinonin, an inhibitor of aminopeptidase M, by actinomycetes: H. Umezawa, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 38, 1629 (1985) Abstract
Analgesic effect of actinonin, a new potent inhibitor of multiple enkephalin degrading enzymes: M. Hachisu, et al.; Life Sci. 41, 235 (1987) Abstract
Effects of an antibiotic protease inhibitor, actinonin on the growth within collagen gels of non-metastatic and metastatic mouse mammary tumors of the same origin: K. Sayama, et al.; Cancer Lett 94, 171 (1995) Abstract
Inhibition of alanyl aminopeptidase induces MAP-kinase p42/ERK2 in the human T cell line KARPAS-299: U. Lendeckel, et al.; BBRC 252, 5 (1998) Abstract
Antitumor activity of actinonin in vitro and in vivo: Y. Xu, et al.; Clin. Cancer Res. 4, 171 (1998) Abstract
Actinonin, a naturally occurring antibacterial agent, is a potent deformylase inhibitor: D.Z. Chen, et al.; Biochemistry 39, 1256 (2000) Abstract
Human mitochondrial peptide deformylase, a new anticancer target of actinonin-based antibiotics: M.D. Lee, et al.; J. Clin. Invest. 114, 1107 (2004) Abstract
Actinonin induces apoptosis in U937 leukemia cells: M. Grujic, et al.; Cancer Lett. 223, 211 (2005) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Aminopeptidases / Related Products • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • Antitumor Agents (Enzyme Inhibitors)
 
 
ALX-270-075 Revised 08-Oct-08
KT5720
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PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY PKA Inhibitors
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-270-075-C100   100 µg 110.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-075-C500   500 µg 330.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-075-M001   1 mg 590.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C32H31N3O5
MW: 537.6
CAS NUMBER: 108068-98-0
SOURCE/HOST: Semisynthetic.
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in methanol (5mg/ml) or DMSO (1mg/ml).
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.

Product Description
Potent, reversible, cell permeable and selective inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA).
Product Specific Literature References
K-252 compounds, novel and potent inhibitors of protein kinase C and cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinases: H. Kase, et al.; BBRC 142, 436 (1987) Abstract
Multiple kinase arrest points in the G1 phase of nontransformed mammalian cells are absent in transformed cells: D.M. Gadbois, et al.; PNAS 89, 8626 (1992) Abstract
Effects of selective inhibition of protein kinase C, cyclic AMP- dependent protein kinase, and Ca(2+)-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase on neurite development in cultured rat hippocampal neurons: L. Cabell and G. Audesirk; Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. 11, 357 (1993), (Review) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Staurosporine / Related Products • Alkaloids
 
 
ALX-270-087 Revised 12-Mar-08
KT5823
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PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY PKG Inhibitors
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-270-087-C100   100 µg 110.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-087-C500   500 µg 330.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-087-M001   1 mg 590.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C29H25N3O5
MW: 495.5
CAS NUMBER: 126643-37-6
SOURCE/HOST: Semisynthetic.
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO, dimethyl formamide or ethyl acetate.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.

Product Description
Potent and selective inhibitor of cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG).
Product Specific Literature References
K-252 compounds, novel and potent inhibitors of protein kinase C and cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinases: H. Kase, et al.; BBRC 142, 436 (1987) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Staurosporine / Related Products • Alkaloids
 
 
ALX-270-109 Revised 14-Apr-08
Ophiobolin A
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SYNONYMS Cochliobolin A
Ophiobalin
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-270-109-MC01   0.1 mg 50.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-109-M001   1 mg 220.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C25H36O4
MW: 400.6
CAS NUMBER: 4611-05-6
RTECS: RL1576000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Bipolaris leersia MST-FP107.
PURITY: ≥95% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in dimethyl formamide, DMSO, 100% ethanol or methanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: HARMFUL.

Product Description
Cell permeable antagonist of calmodulin. Inhibits Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent phosphodiesterase. Inhibits P-glycoprotein-mediated transport. Exhibits antibacterial, antitumor and nematocidal activities. Phytotoxic.
Product Specific Literature References
The structure of ophiobolin, a C25 terpenoid having a novel skeleton: S. Nozoe, et al.; JACS 87, 4968 (1965) Abstract
The constitution of cochliobolin: L. Canonica, et al.; THL 7, 1211 (1966)
Ophiobolin A. A natural product inhibitor of calmodulin: P.C. Leung, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 259, 2742 (1984) Abstract; Full Text
Role of Calmodulin Inhibition in the Mode of Action of Ophiobolin A: P.C. Leung, et al.; Plant Physiol. 77, 303 (1985) Abstract; Full Text
Characterization of the interaction of ophiobolin A and calmodulin: P.C. Leung, et al.; Int. J. Biochem. 20, 1351 (1988) Abstract
Microbial metabolites of ophiobolin A and antimicrobial evaluation of ophiobolins: E. Li, et al.; J. Nat. Prod. 58, 74 (1995) Abstract
The biology of ophiobolins: T.K. Au, et al.; Life Sci. 67, 733 (2000), Review Abstract
Calmodulin and lipid binding to synaptobrevin regulates calcium-dependent exocytosis: S. Quetglas, et al.; EMBO J. 21, 3970 (2002) Abstract; Full Text
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea: A. Evidente, et al.; J. Agric. Food Chem. 54, 1779 (2006) Abstract
Inhibition of P-glycoprotein-mediated transport by terpenoids contained in herbal medicines and natural products: N. Yoshida, et al.; Food Chem. Toxicol. 44, 2033 (2006) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Calmodulin Inhibitors • Phosphodiesterases / Related Products • Natural Products with Antibiotic Activity • MDR Inhibitors • P-glycoprotein [Pgp] / Related Products • Other Toxins • Natural Products - Antitumor Reagents
 
 
ALX-270-111 Revised 31-Jul-08
Patulin
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SYNONYMS 4-Hydroxy-4H-furo[3,2-c]pyran-2(6H)-one
Clairformin
Clavacin
Clavatin
Claviformin
Leucopin
Mycoin C3
Mycosin
Penicidin
Terinin
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-270-111-M001   1 mg 20.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-111-M005   5 mg 80.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-111-M025   25 mg 320.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C7H6O4
MW: 154.1
CAS NUMBER: 149-29-1
MERCK INDEX: 14: 7053
RTECS: LV2625000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Penicillium expansum.
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water, 100% ethanol, ethyl acetate or DMSO (10mg/ml).
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: MAY BE CARCINOGENIC. TOXIC.

Product Description
Inhibitor of protein farnesylation in a cell free assay. Inhibits incorporation of tritiated mevalonate into proteins in whole cells. Mycotoxin with anti-bacterial, potassium uptake inhibitory and possibly carcinogenic activities. Known contaminant of spoiled apples.
Product Specific Literature References
M. Birkinshaw, et al.; Lancet 245, 625 (1943)
J. Kahn; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 121, 234 (1957)
IARC Monographs 10, 205 (1976)
Chronology of patulin-induced alterations in membrane function of cultured renal cells, LLC-PK: R.T. Riley, et al.; Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 102, 128 (1990) Abstract
Inhibition of protein prenylation by patulin: S. Miura, et al.; FEBS Lett. 318, 88 (1993) Abstract
Aneuploidogenic and clastogenic potential of the mycotoxins citrinin and patulin: E. Pfeiffer, et al.; Carcinogenesis 19, 1313 (1998) Abstract
Hplc detection of patulin in apple juice with GC/MS confirmation of patulin identity: J.A. Roach, et al.; Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 504, 135 (2002), Review Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Mycotoxins • Farnesylation / Isoprenylation Reagents
 
 
ALX-270-160 Revised 27-Sep-07
Castanospermine
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SYNONYMS (1S,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-1,6,7,8-Tetrahydroxyoctahydroindolizine
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-270-160-M010   10 mg 60.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-160-M050   50 mg 180.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C8H15NO4
MW: 189.2
CAS NUMBER: 79831-76-8
MERCK INDEX: 14: 1896
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Castanospermum australe seeds.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HANDLING: Protect from moisture.

Product Description
Plant alkaloid. Potent inhibitor of α- and β-glucosidase activity in fibroblast extracts; inhibits the glycoprotein processing cycle. Exhibits antiviral properties. Prevents angiogenesis.
Product Specific Literature References
Castanospermine inhibits the processing of the oligosaccharide portion of the influenza viral hemagglutinin: Y.T. Pan, et al.; Biochemistry 22, 3975 (1983) Abstract
Glycoproteins: their structure, biosynthesis and possible clinical implications: H. Schachter; Clin. Biochem. 17, 3 (1984) Abstract
The effects of processing inhibitors of N-linked oligosaccharides on the intracellular migration of glycoprotein E2 of mouse hepatitis virus and the maturation of coronavirus particles: R. Repp, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 260, 15873 (1985) Abstract; Full Text
Effects of the anti-inflammatory compounds castanospermine, mannose-6- phosphate and fucoidan on allograft rejection and elicited peritoneal exudates: M.R. Bartlett, et al.; Immunol. Cell Biol. 72, 367 (1994) Abstract
Antiviral activity and metabolism of the castanospermine derivative MDL 28,574, in cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 2: S.P. Ahmed, et al.; BBRC 208, 267 (1995) Abstract
The alpha-glucosidase I inhibitor castanospermine alters endothelial cell glycosylation, prevents angiogenesis, and inhibits tumor growth: R. Pili, et al.; Cancer Res. 55, 2920 (1995) Abstract
Perturbation of free oligosaccharide trafficking in endoplasmic reticulum glucosidase I-deficient and castanospermine-treated cells: C. Durrant & S.E. Moore; Biochem. J. 365, 239 (2002) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Glycosidases / Related Products • Natural Products - Antiviral / anti-HIV Agents • Natural Products for Angiogenesis Research • Alkaloids
 
 
ALX-270-231 Revised 28-Feb-08