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Viral Signalling
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ALX-350-334 Revised 03-Apr-08
Ascochlorin
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SYNONYMS LL-Z 1272 γ
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antitumor Antibiotics
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ALX-350-334-MC05   0.5 mg 320.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C23H29ClO4
MW: 404.9
CAS NUMBER: 26166-39-2
RTECS: VH3707560
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Acremonium sp. MST-FP1890.
PURITY: ≥95% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to light grey powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol, methanol, dimethyl formamide or DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: TOXIC.

Product Description
Antitumor antibiotic. Shows antiviral activity. Inhibitor or matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9). Reduces the inflammatory response to TNF-α in rat vascular smooth muscle cells. May be useful as an antiatherogenic agent.
Product Specific Literature References
Ascochlorin, a new antibiotic, found by the paper-disc agar-diffusion method. I. Isolation, biological and chemical properties of ascochlorin. (Studies on antiviral and antitumor antibiotics. I): G. Tamura, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 21, 539 (1968) Abstract
Ascochlorin derivatives as ligands for nuclear hormone receptors: M. Togashi, et al.; J. Med. Chem. 46, 4113 (2003) Abstract
Ascochlorin inhibits matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression by suppressing activator protein-1-mediated gene expression through the ERK1/2 signaling pathway: inhibitory effects of ascochlorin on the invasion of renal carcinoma cells: S. Hong, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 280, 25202 (2005) Abstract; Full Text
Selective cytotoxicity of ascochlorin in ER-negative human breast cancer cell lines: K. Sakaguchi, et al.; BBRC 329, 46 (2005) Abstract
Ascochlorin suppresses oxLDL-induced MMP-9 expression by inhibiting the MEK/ERK signaling pathway in human THP-1 macrophages: J.H. Kang, et al.; J. Cell. Biochem. 102, 506 (2007) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
MMP Inhibitors • Antibiotics for Cytoskeletal Research • Antibiotics for Inflammation Research • Antibiotics - Antiviral/Anti-HIV
 
 
ALX-380-059 Revised 16-Oct-07
Hygromycin B (liquid)
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PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics - Antiviral/Anti-HIV
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ALX-380-059-UM01   1 MU 94.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C20H37N3O13
MW: 527.5
CAS NUMBER: 31282-04-9
MERCK INDEX: 14: 4852
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus.
QUANTITY: 1MU (1 million units) in 2.15ml. 350-450mg hygromycin B/ml.
PURITY: ≥80%
APPEARANCE: Dark brown solution.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: TOXIC.

Product Description
Sterile and ready-to-use antibiotic with high activity. Inhibits growth of prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms and mammalian cells. Inhibits protein synthesis at the translocation step on the 70S ribosome and causes misreading of the mRNA. Penetrates cells that have been permeabilized by virus infection, hence it can act as an effective antiviral agent.
Product Specific Literature References
The Isolation of a Second Antibiotic from Streptomyces hygroscopicus: R. L. Mann & W. W. Bromer; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 80, 2714 (1958)
Antiviral effects of hygromycin B, a translation inhibitor nonpermeant to uninfected cells: J. C. Lacal & L. Carrasco; Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 24, 273 (1983) Abstract
Induction of p53-independent apoptosis by hygromycin B: suppression by Bcl-2 and adenovirus E1B 19-kDa protein: G. Chen, et al.; Exp. Cell Res. 221, 55 (1995) Abstract
The structural basis for the action of the antibiotics tetracycline, pactamycin, and hygromycin B on the 30S ribosomal subunit:: D.E. Brodersen, et al.; Cell 103, 1143 (2000) Abstract
A ribosomal ATPase is a target for hygromycin B inhibition on Escherichia coli ribosomes: M. C. Ganoza & M. C. Kiel; Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 45, 2813 (2001) Abstract
Hygromycin B inhibition of protein synthesis and ribosome biogenesis in Escherichia coli: S. M. McGaha & W. S. Champney; Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51, 591 (2007) Abstract
General Information
BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION Microbiological assay: 350'000-500'000U/ml.
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Protein Synthesis Other Products
 
 
ALX-380-088 Revised 30-Jul-08
Netropsin . dihydrochloride
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SYNONYMS 4-([((Aminoiminomethyl)amino)acetyl)amino)-N-(5-(((3-amino-3-iminopropyl)amino)carbonyl]-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxamide
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antitumor Antibiotics
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ALX-380-088-M005   5 mg 40.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C18H26N10O3 . 2HCl
MW: 430.5 . 73.0
CAS NUMBER: 63770-20-7 (hydrochloride)
RTECS: DW2973000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces netropsis.
PURITY: ≥93% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: Faint yellow powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in alcohols or water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: HARMFUL.

Product Description
Nucleic acid binding ligand. Binds to A-T-rich regions of the minor groove of DNA.
Product Specific Literature References
Netropsin, a New Antibiotic Produced by a Streptomyces: A.C. Finlay et al.; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 73, 341 (1951)
Efficient Total Syntheses of the Oligopeptide Antibiotics Netropsin and Distamycin: J.W. Lown et al.; J. Org. Chem. 50, 3774 (1985)
Sequence and structural selectivity of nucleic acid binding ligands: J. Ren & J.B. Chaires; Biochemistry 38, 16067 (1999) Abstract
Molecular modelling of the interaction of carbocyclic analogues of netropsin and distamycin with d(CGCGAATTCGCG)2: K. Bielawski, et al.; Acta Biochim. Pol. 47, 855 (2000) Abstract
Recent developments in sequence selective minor groove DNA effectors: B.S. Reddy, et al.; Curr. Med. Chem. 8, 475 (2001), (Review) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Other Antibiotics - DNA Regulation/Transcription • Antibiotics - Antiviral/Anti-HIV
 
 
ALX-380-102 Revised 03-Apr-08
Borrelidin
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SYNONYMS 2-(7-Cyano-8,16-dihydroxy-9,11,13,15-tetramethyl-18-oxooxacyclooctadeca-4,6-dien-2-yl)cyclopentanecarboxylic acid
Treponemycin
U 78548
C2989
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics for Cell Cycle Research
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ALX-380-102-MC05   0.5 mg 160.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-102-M001   1 mg 240.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C28H43NO6
MW: 489.7
CAS NUMBER: 7184-60-3
RTECS: ED8750000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces sp.
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO or methanol.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HAZARD: IRRITANT.

Product Description
Antibiotic. Inhibitor of bacterial and eukaryal threonyl-tRNA synthetase (ThrRS). Inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK). Shows angiogenesis inhibiting and antiviral activity.
Product Specific Literature References
Isolation of a cDNA clone for human threonyl-tRNA synthetase: amplification of the structural gene in borrelidin-resistant cell lines: K.J. Kontis and S.M. Arfin; Mol. Cell. Biol. 9, 1832 (1989) Abstract
Genetic analysis of mutations causing borrelidin resistance by overproduction of threonyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase: J. Frohler, et al.; J. Bacteriol. 143, 1135 (1980) Abstract; Full Text
Increased levels of threonyl-tRNA synthetase in a borrelidin-resistant Chinese hamster ovary cell line: J.S. Gantt, et al.; PNAS 78, 5367 (1981) Abstract; Full Text
Chinese hamster ovary cells resistant to borrelidin overproduce threonyl-tRNA synthetase: S.C. Gerken and S.M. Arfin; J. Biol. Chem. 259, 9202 (1984) Abstract; Full Text
Borrelidin inhibits a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK), Cdc28/Cln2, of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: E. Tsuchiya, et al.; J. Antibiot. 54, 84 (2001) Abstract
Borrelidin induces the transcription of amino acid biosynthetic enzymes via a GCN4-dependent pathway: E.L. Eastwood and S.E. Schaus; Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 13, 2235 (2003) Abstract
Isolation of vivomycin and borrelidin, two antibiotics with anti-viral activity, from a species of Streptomyces (C2989): M. Lumb, et al.; Nature 206, 263 (1965) Abstract
A unique hydrophobic cluster near the active site contributes to differences in borrelidin inhibition among threonyl-tRNA synthetases: B. Ruan, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 280, 571 (2005) Abstract; Full Text
Further Categories Containing This Product:
CDK & Cyclin Inhibitors • tRNA/Related Products • Antibiotics - Antiviral/Anti-HIV • Antibiotics for Angiogenesis Research
 
 
ALX-380-201 Revised 27-Jun-08
Echinomycin
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SYNONYMS Quinomycin A
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics - DNA Replication Inhibitors
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ALX-380-201-M001   1 mg 80.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-380-201-M005   5 mg 320.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C51H64N12O12S2
MW: 1101.3
CAS NUMBER: 512-64-1
MERCK INDEX: 14: 3497
RTECS: JW5250000
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces echinatus (DSM 40013).
PURITY: ≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol, dimethyl formamide or DMSO; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Hygroscopic.
HAZARD: TOXIC. MAY BE MUTAGENIC.
IDENTITY: Identity determined by 1H-NMR.

Product Description
Antitumor antibiotic. Powerful, selective inhibitor of nucleic acid synthesis in vitro. Potent inhibitor of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) DNA binding activity. Induces apoptosis. Displays antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activities.
Product Specific Literature References
A “quinoxaline antibiotic” similar to the triostins, q.v.: I. Kuroya, et al.; J. Antibiot. 14A, 324 (1961)
Identity of levomycin and quinomycin A (echimomycin): K. Katagiri, et al.; J. Antibiot. 15, 273 (1962) Abstract
The mode of action of quinoxaline antibiotics. Interaction of quinomycin A with deoxyribonucleic acid: K. Sato, et al.; J. Antibiot. 20, 270 (1967) Abstract
The binding of echinomycin to deoxyribonucleic acid: S.P. Wakelin & M.J. Waring; Biochem. J. 157, 721 (1976) Abstract; Full Text
Bifunctional intercalation and sequence specificity in the binding of quinomycin and triostin antibiotics to deoxyribonucleic acid: J.S. Lee & M.J. Waring; Biochem. J. 173, 115 (1978) Abstract; Full Text
Kinetics of the interaction between echinomycin and deoxyribonucleic acid: K.R. Fox, et al.; Biochemistry 20, 5768 (1981) Abstract
Sequence-specific binding of echinomycin to DNA: evidence for conformational changes affecting flanking sequences: C.M. Low, et al.; Nucl. Acids Res. 12, 4865 (1984) Abstract; Full Text
Echinomycin binding sites on DNA: M.M. Van Dyke & P.B. Dervan; Science 225, 1122 (1984) Abstract
Kinetic evidence that echinomycin migrates between potential DNA binding sites: K.R. Fox & M.J. Waring; Nucl. Acids Res. 13, 595 (1985) Abstract; Full Text
Effect of echinomycin on DNA methylation: R.L. Adams & A. Rinaldi; FEBS Lett. 215, 266 (1987) Abstract
Interaction of echinomycin with An.Tn. and (AT)n regions flanking its CG binding site: K. Waterloh & K.R. Fox; Nucl. Acids Res. 19, 6719 (1991) Abstract; Full Text
Localized chemical reactivity in DNA associated with the sequence-specific bisintercalation of echinomycin: C. Bailly, et al.; Biochem. J. 300, 165 (1994) Abstract; Full Text
Energetics of echinomycin binding to DNA: F. Leng, et al.; Nucl. Acids Res. 31, 6191 (2003) Abstract; Full Text
Echinomycin inhibits chromosomal DNA replication and embryonic development in vertebrates: L.G. May, et al.; Nucl. Acids Res. 32, 65 (2004) Abstract; Full Text
Echinomycin and a novel analogue induce apoptosis of HT-29 cells via the activation of MAP kinases pathway: J.Y. Park, et al.; Pharmacol. Res. 50, 201 (2004) Abstract
Echinomycin, a small-molecule inhibitor of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 DNA-binding activity: D. Kong, et al.; Cancer Res. 65, 9047 (2005) Abstract; Full Text
Molecular signaling cascade in DNA bisintercalator, echinomycin-induced apoptosis of HT-29 cells: evidence of the apoptotic process via activation of the cytochrome c-ERK-caspase-3 pathway: J.Y. Park, et al.; Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 38, 244 (2006) Abstract
Synergistic effects of CoCl(2) and ROCK inhibition on mesenchymal stem cell differentiation into neuron-like cells: E. Pacary, et al.; J. Cell Sci. 119, 2667 (2006) Abstract; Full Text
Metabolic targeting of hypoxia and HIF1 in solid tumors can enhance cytotoxic chemotherapy: R.A. Cairns, et al.; PNAS 104, 9445 (2007) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Antibiotics - Antiviral/Anti-HIV • Antitumor Agents (Apoptosis Inducers) • Hypoxia-inducible Factor [HIF]/Related Products • Antibiotics - Antifungal • Antitumor Antibiotics
 
 
ALX-380-205 Revised 08-Apr-08
RK-682
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SYNONYMS 3-Hexadecanoyl-5-hydroxymethyl-tetronic acid
TAN 1364B
CI 010
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Antibiotics - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators
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ALX-380-205-MC05   0.5 mg 240.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C21H36O5
MW: 368.5
CAS NUMBER: 154639-24-4
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Streptomyces sp. MST-AS5358.
PURITY: ≥95% (HPLC as Ca salt)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol, methanol, dimethyl formamide or DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C

Product Description

Tetronic acid derivative with potent activity against HIV-1 protease. Inhibits protein tyrosine phosphatase and heparanase.
Product Specific Literature References
3-Alkanoyl-5-hydroxymethyl tetronic acid homologues and resistomycin: new inhibitors of HIV-1 protease. I. Fermentation, isolation and biological activity: B.E. Roggo, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 47, 136 (1994) Abstract
The mechanism of ATP-induced long-term potentiation involves extracellular phosphorylation of membrane proteins in guinea-pig hippocampal CA1 neurons: S. Fujii, et al.; Neurosci. Lett. 187, 130 (1995) Abstract
RK-682, a potent inhibitor of tyrosine phosphatase, arrested the mammalian cell cycle progression at G1phase: T. Hamaguchi, et al.; FEBS Lett. 372, 54 (1995) Abstract; Full Text
Design and synthesis of a dimeric derivative of RK-682 with increased inhibitory activity against VHR, a dual-specificity ERK phosphatase: implications for the molecular mechanism of the inhibition: T. Usui, et al.; Chem. Biol. 8, 1209 (2001) Abstract; Full Text
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Antibiotics - Antiviral/Anti-HIV • Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases Other Products
 
 
ALX-270-160 Revised 27-Sep-07
Castanospermine
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SYNONYMS (1S,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-1,6,7,8-Tetrahydroxyoctahydroindolizine
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators
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ALX-270-160-M010   10 mg 60.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-160-M050   50 mg 180.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C8H15NO4
MW: 189.2
CAS NUMBER: 79831-76-8
MERCK INDEX: 14: 1896
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Castanospermum australe seeds.
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HANDLING: Protect from moisture.

Product Description
Plant alkaloid. Potent inhibitor of α- and β-glucosidase activity in fibroblast extracts; inhibits the glycoprotein processing cycle. Exhibits antiviral properties. Prevents angiogenesis.
Product Specific Literature References
Castanospermine inhibits the processing of the oligosaccharide portion of the influenza viral hemagglutinin: Y.T. Pan, et al.; Biochemistry 22, 3975 (1983) Abstract
Glycoproteins: their structure, biosynthesis and possible clinical implications: H. Schachter; Clin. Biochem. 17, 3 (1984) Abstract
The effects of processing inhibitors of N-linked oligosaccharides on the intracellular migration of glycoprotein E2 of mouse hepatitis virus and the maturation of coronavirus particles: R. Repp, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 260, 15873 (1985) Abstract; Full Text
Effects of the anti-inflammatory compounds castanospermine, mannose-6- phosphate and fucoidan on allograft rejection and elicited peritoneal exudates: M.R. Bartlett, et al.; Immunol. Cell Biol. 72, 367 (1994) Abstract
Antiviral activity and metabolism of the castanospermine derivative MDL 28,574, in cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 2: S.P. Ahmed, et al.; BBRC 208, 267 (1995) Abstract
The alpha-glucosidase I inhibitor castanospermine alters endothelial cell glycosylation, prevents angiogenesis, and inhibits tumor growth: R. Pili, et al.; Cancer Res. 55, 2920 (1995) Abstract
Perturbation of free oligosaccharide trafficking in endoplasmic reticulum glucosidase I-deficient and castanospermine-treated cells: C. Durrant & S.E. Moore; Biochem. J. 365, 239 (2002) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Glycosidases/Related Products • Natural Products - Antiviral/anti-HIV Agents • Natural Products for Angiogenesis Research • Alkaloids
 
 
ALX-270-231 Revised 28-Feb-08
Caffeic acid
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SYNONYMS 3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents
Ordering Information
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ALX-270-231-M250   250 mg 10.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-231-G001   1 g 14.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C9H8O4
MW: 180.2
CAS NUMBER: 331-39-5
MERCK INDEX: 14: 1635
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic.
PURITY: ≥97%
APPEARANCE: Off-white to brown crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in 100% ethanol, DMSO or dimethyl formamide; also soluble in PBS, pH 7.2.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +20°C
USE/STABILITY: Stable for at least 2 years when stored at +20°C. Organic stock solutions are stable for at least 6 months when stored at –20 °C. Store aqueous solutions of the product on ice and use within 12 hours of preparation.

Product Description

Naturally occuring phenolic compound found in many fruits, vegetables and herbs, including coffee. Shows anti-tumor, antiviral, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Inhibitor of 5- and 12-lipoxygenase (LO).
Product Specific Literature References
Caffeic acid is a selective inhibitor for leukotriene biosynthesis: Y. Koshihara, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 792, 92 (1984) Abstract
Inhibitory effect of caffeic acid esters on azoxymethane-induced biochemical changes and aberrant crypt foci formation in rat colon: C.V. Rao, et al.; Cancer Res. 53, 4182 (1993) Abstract
Inhibition of arachidonate lipoxygenase activities by 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanol, a phenolic compound from olives: N. Kohyama, et al.; Biosci. Biotech. Biochem. 61, 347 (1997) Abstract
Caffeic acid derivatives: in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties: F.M. da Cunha, et al.; Free Radic. Res. 38, 1241 (2004) Abstract
Novel and therapeutic effect of caffeic acid and caffeic acid phenyl ester on hepatocarcinoma cells: complete regression of hepatoma growth and metastasis by dual mechanism: T.W. Chung, et al.; FASEB J. 18, 1670 (2004) Abstract
Anti-HIV activities of natural antioxidant caffeic acid derivatives: toward an antiviral supplementation diet: F. Bailly & P. Cotelle; Curr. Med. Chem. 12, 1811 (2005) Abstract
Related Products
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors • Natural Products - Chemopreventive Agents • Natural Products - Antiviral/anti-HIV Agents • Active Substances from Fruit and Vegetables • Lipoxygenases/Related Products • Natural Products - Antioxidants
 
 
ALX-350-027 Revised 19-Aug-08
Calphostin C