ALEXIS Biochemicals: Oligomycin C

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ALX-380-030

Revised 17-Oct-07

Bafilomycin A1
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Antibiotics - ATPase Inhibitors

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-380-030-C100		100 µg	70.00 USD
ALX-380-030-M001		1 mg	210.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₃₅H₅₈O₉
MW:	622.8
CAS NUMBER:	88899-55-2
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Streptomyces griseus.
PURITY:	≥95%
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in 100% ethanol, methanol or DMSO.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light.
HAZARD:	TOXIC.

Product Description

Macrolide antibiotic that acts as a specific inhibitor of vacuolar-type H⁺-ATPase. Valuable tool for distinguishing among different types of ATPases. Inhibitor of endosomal acidification.

Product Specific Literature References

Metabolic products of microorganisms. 224. Bafilomycins, a new group of macrolide antibiotics. Production, isolation, chemical structure and biological activity: G. Werner, et al.; J. Antibiot. 37, 110 (1984) Abstract
Bafilomycins: a class of inhibitors of membrane ATPases from microorganisms, animal cells, and plant cells: E.J. Bowman, et al.; PNAS 85, 7972 (1988) Abstract
The evolution of H+-ATPases [see comments]: N. Nelson & L. Taiz; TIPS 14, 113 (1989), (Review) Abstract
Kinetic studies of chromaffin granule H+-ATPase and effects of bafilomycin A1: H. Hanada, et al.; BBRC 170, 873 (1990) Abstract
Inhibition of osteoclast proton transport by bafilomycin A1 abolishes bone resorption: K. Sundqui, et al.; BBRC 168, 309 (1990) Abstract
The cytotoxic action of diphtheria toxin and its degradation in intact Vero cells are inhibited by bafilomycin A1, a specific inhibitor of vacuolar-type H(+)-ATPase: T. Umata, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 265, 21940 (1990) Abstract; Full Text
Bafilomycin A1 inhibits the targeting of lysosomal acid hydrolases in cultured hepatocytes: K. Oda, et al.; BBRC 178, 369 (1991) Abstract
Bafilomycin A1, a specific inhibitor of vacuolar-type H(+)-ATPase, inhibits acidification and protein degradation in lysosomes of cultured cells: T. Yoshimori, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 266, 17707 (1991) Abstract; Full Text
Inhibitory effect of modified bafilomycins and concanamycins on P- and V-type adenosinetriphosphatases: S. Drose, et al.; Biochemistry 32, 3902 (1993) Abstract
Bafilomycin A1, a specific inhibitor of vacuolar-type H(+)-ATPase, blocks lysosomal cholesterol trafficking in macrophages: T. Furuchi, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 268, 27345 (1993) Abstract; Full Text
Bafilomycin inhibits proton flow through the H+ channel of vacuolar proton pumps: B.P. Crider, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 269, 17379 (1994) Abstract; Full Text
Active vacuolar H+ATPase is required for both endocytic and exocytic processes during viral infection of BHK-21 cells: H. Palokangas, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 269, 17577 (1994) Abstract; Full Text
Inositol trisphosphate-dependent and -independent Ca2+ mobilization pathways at the vacuolar membrane of Candida albicans: C.M. Calvert & D. Sanders; J. Biol. Chem. 270, 7272 (1995) Abstract; Full Text
The vacuolar H(+)-ATPase inhibitor bafilomycin A1 differentially affects proteolytic processing of mutant and wild-type beta-amyloid precursor protein: C. Haass, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 270, 6186 (1995) Abstract; Full Text
Cell-type and amyloid precursor protein-type specific inhibition of A beta release by bafilomycin A1, a selective inhibitor of vacuolar ATPases: J. Knops, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 270, 2419 (1995) Abstract; Full Text
Specific inhibitors of vacuolar type H(+)-ATPases induce apoptotic cell death: T. Nishihara, et al.; BBRC 212, 255 (1995) Abstract
Inhibition of mitogen-induced DNA synthesis by bafilomycin A1 in Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts: A.J. Saurin, et al.; Biochem. J. 313, 65 (1996) Abstract
Autophagy, bafilomycin and cell death: the "a-B-cs" of plecomacrolide-induced neuroprotection: J.J. Shacka, et al.; Autophagy 2, 228 (2006), Review Abstract
Bafilomycin A1-sensitive pathway is required for the maturation of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator: T. Okiyoneda, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1763, 1017 (2006) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

ALX-380-063

Revised 03-Apr-08

Bafilomycin B1
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Antibiotics - ATPase Inhibitors

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-380-063-M001		1 mg	70.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₄₄H₆₅NO₁₃
MW:	816.0
CAS NUMBER:	88899-56-3; 80112-34-1
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Streptomyces griseus.
PURITY:	≥95%
APPEARANCE:	Off-white to yellow powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in methanol.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light.
HAZARD:	TOXIC.

Product Description

Macrolide antibiotic that acts as a specific inhibitor of vacuolar-type H⁺-ATPase.

Product Specific Literature References

Metabolic products of microorganisms. 224. Bafilomycins, a new group of macrolide antibiotics. Production, isolation, chemical structure and biological activity: G. Werner, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 37, 110 (1984) Abstract
Bafilomycins and concanamycins as inhibitors of V-ATPases and P-ATPases: S. Drose and K. Altendorf; J. Exp. Biol. 200, 1 (1997) Abstract
Biosynthetic investigations of the V-type ATPase inhibitors bafilomycin A1, B1 and concanamycin A: T. Schuhmann and S. Grond; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 57, 655 (2004) Abstract
Autophagy, bafilomycin and cell death: the "a-B-cs" of plecomacrolide-induced neuroprotection: J.J. Shacka, et al.; Autophagy 2, 228 (2006) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

H+-ATPase / Related Products

ALX-380-209

Revised 13-Nov-07

Bafilomycin C1
SYNONYMS	L-681,110A1
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Antibiotics - ATPase Inhibitors

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-380-209-M001		1 mg	220.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₃₉H₆₀O₁₂
MW:	720.4
CAS NUMBER:	88979-61-7
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Streptomyces sp. MST-AS5338.
PURITY:	≥95% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	White to tan solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in 100% ethanol, methanol, dimethyl formamide oder DMSO.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
USE/STABILITY:	May undergo transformation to methyl ketal on long term storage in methanol. We recommend to use fresh solutions.
HANDLING:	Protect from light.
HAZARD:	TOXIC.

Product Description

Macrolide antibiotic that acts as a specific inhibitor of vacuolar-type H⁺-ATPase. Shows antibacterial, antifungal, insecticidal and antihelmintic activity. Potential antiosteoporotic agent in treating bone lytic diseases.

Product Specific Literature References

Metabolic products of microorganisms. 224. Bafilomycins, a new group of macrolide antibiotics. Production, isolation, chemical structure and biological activity: G. Werner, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 37, 110 (1984) Abstract
Purification of vacuolar ATPase with bafilomycin C1 affinity chromatography: T.J. Rautiala, et al.; BBRC 194, 50 (1993) Abstract
Bafilolides, potent inhibitors of the motility and development of the free-living stages of parasitic nematodes: E. Lacey, et al.; Int. J. Parasitol. 25, 349 (1995) Abstract
Structure and function of V-ATPases in osteoclasts: potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of osteolysis: J. Xu, et al.; Histol. Histopathol. 222, 443 (2007) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Bone Metabolism Other Products • H+-ATPase / Related Products • Antibiotics - Antifungal

ALX-380-034

Revised 30-Jul-08

Concanamycin A
SYNONYMS	Folimycin
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Antibiotics - ATPase Inhibitors

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-380-034-C025		25 µg	55.00 USD
ALX-380-034-C100		100 µg	180.00 USD
ALX-380-034-M001		1 mg	750.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₄₆H₇₅NO₁₄
MW:	866.1
CAS NUMBER:	80890-47-7
RTECS:	CB9732000
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Streptomyces sp.
PURITY:	≥96% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in methanol, DMSO or acetonitrile; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light.
HAZARD:	VERY TOXIC.
IDENTITY:	Identity determined by ¹H-NMR.

Product Description

Antibiotic. More potent and specific H⁺-ATPase inhibitor than bafilomycin A₁(Prod. No. ALX-380-030). Inhibits acidification of organelles such as lysosomes and the Golgi apparatus. Blocks cell surface expression of viral glycoproteins without affecting their synthesis. Exhibits cytotoxic effects in a number of cell lines in a cell viability assay. Induces nitric oxide (NO) production.

Product Specific Literature References

Isolation and characterization of concanamycins A, B and C: H. Kinashi, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 37, 1333 (1984) Abstract
Bafilomycins: a class of inhibitors of membrane ATPases from microorganisms, animal cells, and plant cells: E.J. Bowman, et al.; PNAS 85, 7972 (1988) Abstract
Structure and function of vacuolar class of ATP-driven proton pumps: M. Forgac; Physiol. Rev. 69, 765 (1989) Abstract
Intravesicular acidification correlates with binding of ADP- ribosylation factor to microsomal membranes: S. Zeuzem, et al.; PNAS 89, 6619 (1992) Abstract
Inhibitory effect of modified bafilomycins and concanamycins on P- and V-type adenosinetriphosphatases: S. Drose, et al.; Biochemistry 32, 3902 (1993) Abstract
Folimycin (concanamycin A), a specific inhibitor of V-ATPase, blocks intracellular translocation of the glycoprotein of vesicular stomatitis virus before arrival to the Golgi apparatus: M. Muroi, et al.; Cell Struct. Funct. 18, 139 (1993) Abstract
Folimycin (concanamycin A), an inhibitor of V-type H(+)-ATPase, blocks cell-surface expression of virus-envelope glycoproteins: M. Muroi, et al.; BBRC 193, 999 (1993) Abstract
Purification of vacuolar ATPase with bafilomycin C1 affinity chromatography: T.J. Rautiala, et al.; BBRC 194, 50 (1993) Abstract
Involvement of the vacuolar H(+)-ATPases in the secretory pathway of HepG2 cells: M. Yilla, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 268, 19092 (1993) Abstract; Full Text
Specific inhibitors of vacuolar type H(+)-ATPases induce apoptotic cell death: T. Nishihara, et al.; BBRC 212, 255 (1995) Abstract
Characterization of the ATPase activity of P-glycoprotein from multidrug-resistant Chinese hamster ovary cells: F.J. Sharom, et al.; Biochem. J. 308 (Pt2), 381 (1995) Abstract
Concanamycin A, the specific inhibitor of V-ATPases, binds to the V(o) subunit c: M. Huss, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 277, 40544 (2002) Abstract
Organization of the biosynthetic gene cluster for the macrolide concanamycin A in Streptomyces neyagawaensis ATCC 27449: S.F. Haydock, et al.; Microbiology 151, 3161 (2005) Abstract; Full Text
Nitric oxide production by the vacuolar-type (H+)-ATPase inhibitors bafilomycin A1 and concanamycin A and its possible role in apoptosis in RAW 264.7 cells: J. Hong, et al.; J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 319, 672 (2006) Abstract

Related Products

ALX-380-030

Bafilomycin A₁

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Antibiotics - Nitric Oxide Pathway Modulators • H+-ATPase / Related Products • Antitumor Antibiotics

ALX-380-098

Revised 03-Apr-08

Concanamycin B
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Antibiotics - ATPase Inhibitors

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-380-098-C100		100 µg	180.00 USD
ALX-380-098-C500		500 µg	540.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₄₅H₇₃NO₁₄
MW:	852.1
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Streptomyces sp.
PURITY:	≥96%
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in chloroform, methanol, acetonitrile or DMSO. Insoluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light.
HAZARD:	VERY TOXIC.

Product Description

Antibiotic. Exhibits similar activity as concanamycin A (Prod. No. ALX-380-034) and C (Prod. No. ALX-380-099). Specific inhibitor of vacuolar-type H⁺-ATPase. Suppresses bone resorption in vitro. Inhibits proliferation of mouse splenic lymphocytes. Shows antifungal and larvicidal properties.

Product Specific Literature References

Structures of concanamycins B and C: H. Kinashi, et al.; J. Antibiot. 35, 1618 (1982) Abstract
Isolation and characterization of concanamycins A, B and C: H. Kinashi, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 37, 1333 (1984) Abstract
Involvement of the vacuolar H(+)-ATPases in the secretory pathway of HepG2 cells: M. Yilla, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 268, 19092 (1993) Abstract
Concanamycin B inhibits the expression of newly-synthesized MHC class II molecules on the cell surface: K. Ito, et al.; J. Antibiot. 48, 488 (1995) Abstract
Characterization of the ATPase activity of P-glycoprotein from multidrug-resistant Chinese hamster ovary cells: F.J. Sharom, et al.; Biochem. J. 308 (Pt2), 381 (1995) Abstract
Concanamycin B, a vacuolar H(+)-ATPase specific inhibitor suppresses bone resorption in vitro: J.T. Woo, et al.; Biol. Pharm. Bull. 19, 297 (1996) Abstract
In vivo rapid reduction of alloantigen-activated CD8+ mature cytotoxic T cells by inhibitors of acidification of intracellular organelles, prodigiosin 25-C and concanamycin B: M. H. Lee, et al.; Immunology 99, 243 (2000) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Antibiotics - Antifungal • H+-ATPase / Related Products

ALX-380-099

Revised 03-Apr-08

Concanamycin C
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Antibiotics - ATPase Inhibitors

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-380-099-C100		100 µg	30.00 USD
ALX-380-099-C500		500 µg	90.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₄₅H₇₄O₁₃
MW:	823.1
CAS NUMBER:	81552-34-3
RTECS:	GK6887000
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Streptomyces sp.
PURITY:	≥96%
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in chloroform, methanol, acetonitrile or DMSO. Insoluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light.
HAZARD:	VERY TOXIC.

Product Description

Antibiotic. Inhibits vacuolar-type H⁺-ATPase. Potential antiosteoporotic agent. Shows antiviral and immunosuppressive activity. Active against fungi and yeasts.

Product Specific Literature References

Structures of concanamycins B and C: H. Kinashi, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 35, 1618 (1982) Abstract
Isolation and characterization of concanamycins A, B and C: H. Kinashi, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 37, 1333 (1984) Abstract
Inhibitory effect of modified bafilomycins and concanamycins on P- and V-type adenosinetriphosphatases: S. Drose, et al.; Biochemistry 32, 3902 (1993) Abstract
Disruption of vma-1, the gene encoding the catalytic subunit of the vacuolar H(+)-ATPase, causes severe morphological changes in Neurospora crassa: E.J. Bowman, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 275, 167 (2000) Abstract
Semisynthetic derivatives of concanamycin A and C, as inhibitors of V- and P-type ATPases: structure-activity investigations and developments of photoaffinity probes: S. Drose, et al.; Biochemistry 40, 2816 (2001) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Antibiotics - Antifungal • Natural Products - Antiviral / anti-HIV Agents • H+-ATPase / Related Products • Antitumor Antibiotics • Natural Products - Immunomodulators

ALX-350-115

Revised 21-Feb-08

Fusicoccin
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Natural Products - Plant Research Reagents

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-350-115-MC05		0.5 mg	70.00 USD
ALX-350-115-M001		1 mg	120.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₃₆H₅₆O₁₂
MW:	680.8
CAS NUMBER:	20108-30-9
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from fungus Fusicoccum amygdali.
PURITY:	≥90% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in acetone, 100% ethanol, methanol, chloroform or ethyl acetate; practically insoluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HAZARD:	TOXIC.

Product Description

Diterpene glucoside with numerous effects on plants. Induces H⁺extrusion from plant cells by 14-3-3-dependent activation of the plasma membrane H⁺-ATPase. Stimulates cell enlargement, ion uptake, seed germination, opening the stomata, etc. Markedly reduces the cell’s capability for H₂O₂ scavenging.

Product Specific Literature References

Fusicoccin - a key to multiple 14-3-3 locks?: A.H. De Boer; Trends Plant Sci. 2, 20 (1997)
Fusicoccin binding to its plasma membrane receptor and the activation of the plasma membrane H(+)-ATPase. IV. Fusicoccin induces the association between the plasma membrane H(+)-ATPase and the fusicoccin receptor: C. Olivari, et al.; Plant Physiol. 116, 529 (1998) Abstract
Cytoskeletal inhibitors suppress the stomatal opening of Vicia faba L. induced by fusicoccin and IAA: R.F. Huang, et al.; Plant Sci. 156, 65 (2000) Abstract
Inhibition of catalase activity as an early response of Arabidopsis thaliana cultured cells to the phytotoxin fusicoccin: N. Beffagna & I. Lutzu; J. Exp. Bot. 58, 4183 (2007) Abstract

General Literature References

Fusicoccin: a tool in plant physiology: E. Marre; Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 30, 273 (1979), (Review)
Fusicoccin receptors: perception and transduction of the fusicoccin signal: P. Aducci et al.; J. Exp. Bot. 46, 1463 (1995), (Review)
Fusicoccin - a key to multiple 14-3-3 locks?: A.H. De Boer; Trends Plant Sci. 2, 20 (1997), (Review)
Fusicoccin binding to its plasma membrane receptor and the activation of the plasma membrane H(+)-ATPase. IV. Fusicoccin induces the association between the plasma membrane H(+)-ATPase and the fusicoccin receptor: C. Olivari, et al.; Plant Physiol. 116, 529 (1998) Abstract
Phosphorylation-independent interaction between 14-3-3 protein and the plant plasma membrane H+-ATPase: J. Borch, et al.; Biochem. Soc. Trans. 30, 411 (2002), (Review) Abstract; Full Text
Plant 14-3-3 proteins assist ion channels and pumps: A.H. de Boer; Biochem. Soc. Trans. 30, 416 (2002), (Review) Abstract; Full Text
Metabolic enzymes as targets for 14-3-3 proteins: S.C. Huber, et al.; Plant Mol. Biol. 50, 1053 (2002), (Review) Abstract
cDNA microarray analysis of fusicoccin-induced changes in gene expression in tomato plants: U.B. Frick & A. Schaller; Planta 216, 83 (2002) Abstract
Mutational analysis of the interaction between 14-3-3 proteins and plant plasma membrane H+-ATPase: S. Visconti, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 278, 8172 (2003) Abstract
Structural view of a fungal toxin acting on a 14-3-3 regulatory complex: M. Wurtele, et al.; Embo J. 22, 987 (2003) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

ALX-804-084

Revised 15-Sep-08

Monoclonal Antibody to H+/ K+ ATPase-β (2G11)
PRODUCT LINE	Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY	H+-ATPase / Related Products

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-804-084-R100		100 µl	379.00 USD

Product Specification

SPECIES CROSSREACTIVITY:	Human Mouse Rat Dog Pig Others
CLONE:	2G11
ISOTYPE:	Mouse IgG1
FORMULATION:	Liquid. PBS-diluted ascites containing 0.05% sodium azide.
IMMUNOGEN:	Purified 34kDa core peptide from deglycosylated pig gastric microsomes.
SPECIFICITY:	Recognizes the β subunit of human, mouse, rat, bovine, pig, dog, rabbit and ferret H⁺/K⁺ ATPase.
APPLICATION:	Immunocytochemistry (1:2’000) Immunohistochemistry (paraffin and frozen sections (1:2’000)) Immunoprecipitation, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Western Blot (1:4’000) Functional Application: Inhibits enzymatic activity of H⁺/ K⁺ ATPase and alters affinity of its cytoplasmic potassium binding site.
SHIPPING:	SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HANDLING:	Avoid freeze/thaw cycles.

Product Specific Literature References

Expression of rab11a N124I in gastric parietal cells inhibits stimulatory recruitment of the H+-K+-ATPase: J.G. Duman, et al.; Am. J. Physiol. 277, C361 (1999) Abstract; Full Text
Functionally distinct pools of actin in secretory cells: D.A. Ammar, et al.; Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol. 281, C407 (2001) Abstract; Full Text
Localization and function of soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein-25 and vesicle-associated membrane protein-2 in functioning gastric parietal cells: S. Karvar, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 277, 50030 (2002) Abstract; Full Text

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Monoclonal Antibodies

ALX-380-037

Revised 20-Jun-08

Oligomycin