ALEXIS Biochemicals: UCN-02

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ALX-380-042

Revised 05-May-08

Doxorubicin . hydrochloride
SYNONYMS	DXR . HCl 14-Hydroxydaunomycin . HCl Adriamycin . HCl
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Antitumor Antibiotics

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-380-042-M005		5 mg	60.00 USD
ALX-380-042-M010		10 mg	110.00 USD
ALX-380-042-M025		25 mg	250.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₂₇H₂₉NO₁₁ . HCl
MW:	543.5 . 36.5
CAS NUMBER:	25316-40-9
MERCK INDEX:	14: 3439
RTECS:	QI9295900
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius.
PURITY:	≥98%
APPEARANCE:	Red solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
HAZARD:	MAY BE CARCINOGENIC. MAY BE TERATOGENIC. TOXIC. MAY BE MUTAGENIC.

Product Description

Antitumor antibiotic. Induces DNA damage by intercalating into DNA and inhibiting topoisomerase II. Binds covalently to DNA. Inhbibits reverse transcriptase, RNA polymerase and the catalytic activity of Dnmt1. Immunosuppressive. Antineoplastic. Induces apoptosis.

Product Specific Literature References

Adriamycin and daunomycin induce programmed cell death (apoptosis) in tumour cells: A. Skladanowski & J. Konopa; Biochem. Pharmacol. 46, 375 (1993) Abstract
A critical evaluation of the mechanisms of action proposed for the antitumor effects of the anthracycline antibiotics adriamycin and daunorubicin: D.A. Gewirtz; Biochem. Pharmacol. 57, 727 (1999) Abstract
Doxorubicin treatment activates a Z-VAD-sensitive caspase, which causes deltapsim loss, caspase-9 activity, and apoptosis in Jurkat cells: S. Gamen, et al.; Exp. Cell Res. 258, 223 (2000) Abstract
Involvement of cyclin-dependent kinases in doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in human tumor cells: Y. Lu, et al.; Mol. Carcinog. 29, 1 (2000) Abstract
Characterization of Adriamycin-Induced G2 Arrest and Its Abrogation by Caffeine in FL-Amnion Cells with or without p53: Y. Minemoto, et al.; Exp. Cell Res. 262, 37 (2001) Abstract
Enhancement of Fas-mediated apoptosis in renal cell carcinoma cells by adriamycin: X.X. Wu, et al.; Cancer Res. 60, 2912 (2000) Abstract
Doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes is ameliorated by nitrone spin traps and ebselen. Role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species: S. Kotamraju, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 275, 33585 (2000) Abstract; Full Text
The power and potential of doxorubicin-DNA adducts: S.M. Cutts, et al.; IUBMB Life 57, 73 (2005), Review Abstract
Adriamycin-induced interference with cardiac mitochondrial calcium homeostasis: K.B. Wallace; Cardiovasc. Toxicol. 7, 101 (2007), Review Abstract
Doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy from the cardiotoxic mechanisms to managemen: G. Takemura & H. Fujiwara; Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis. 49, 330 (2007), Review Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Other Toxins • Antibiotics - Immunomodulators • Antitumor Agents (Apoptosis Inducers) • Antitumor Agents (Enzyme Inhibitors) • Antibiotics - Topoisomerase Inhibitors • DNA Intercalators & Crosslinkers • Antibiotics - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • Antitumor Agents (DNA Interaction & Gene Regulation)

ALX-380-043

Revised 03-Apr-08

Daunorubicin . hydrochloride
SYNONYMS	Daunomycin . HCl
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Antitumor Antibiotics

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-380-043-M010		10 mg	95.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₂₇H₂₉NO₁₀. HCl
MW:	527.5 . 36.5
CAS NUMBER:	23541-50-6
MERCK INDEX:	14: 2832
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Streptomyces spec.
PURITY:	≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	Orange to red solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water or methanol.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HAZARD:	TOXIC.

Product Description

Anthracycline anticancer antibiotic. Induces DNA damage by intercalating into DNA and inhibiting topoisomerase I and II. Inhibits RNA and DNA synthesis. Induces DNA single strand breaks and apoptosis in tumor cells.

Product Specific Literature References

Ceramide synthase mediates daunorubicin-induced apoptosis: an alternative mechanism for generating death signals: R. Bose, et al.; Cell 82, 405 (1995) Abstract
Daunorubicin activates NFkappaB and induces kappaB-dependent gene expression in HL-60 promyelocytic and Jurkat T lymphoma cells: M.P. Boland, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 272, 12952 (1997) Abstract; Full Text
Alteration of the daunorubicin-triggered sphingomyelin-ceramide pathway and apoptosis in MDR cells: influence of drug transport abnormalities: M.G. Come, et al.; Int. J. Cancer 81, 580 (1999) Abstract
A critical evaluation of the mechanisms of action proposed for the antitumor effects of the anthracycline antibiotics adriamycin and daunorubicin: D.A. Gewirtz; Biochem. Pharmacol. 57, 727 (1999) Abstract
Altered multidrug resistance phenotype caused by anthracycline analogues and cytosine arabinoside in myeloid leukemia: X.F. Hu, et al.; Blood 93, 4086 (1999) Abstract
Implication of radical oxygen species in ceramide generation, c-Jun N- terminal kinase activation and apoptosis induced by daunorubicin: V. Mansat-de Mas, et al.; Mol. Pharmacol. 56, 867 (1999) Abstract
The phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway is activated by daunorubicin in human acute myeloid leukemia cell lines: I. Plo, et al.; FEBS Lett 452, 150 (1999) Abstract
Caspase-3-like activity is necessary but not sufficient for daunorubicin-induced apoptosis in Jurkat human lymphoblastic leukemia cells: K.J. Turnbull, et al.; Leukemia 13, 1056 (1999) Abstract
Regulation of phospholipase D activity and ceramide production in daunorubicin-induced apoptosis in A-431 cells: J. Chen, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1488, 219 (2000) Abstract
Signaling pathways activated by daunorubicin:: G. Laurent & J. P. Jaffrezou; Blood 98, 913 (2001), Review Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Antibiotics - Immunomodulators • Antitumor Agents (Apoptosis Inducers) • Antitumor Agents (Enzyme Inhibitors) • Antibiotics - Topoisomerase Inhibitors • DNA Intercalators & Crosslinkers • Antibiotics - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • Antitumor Agents (DNA Interaction & Gene Regulation)

ALX-380-047

Revised 20-Feb-08

Tunicamycin
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Antibiotics - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-380-047-M010		10 mg	82.00 USD
ALX-380-047-M050		50 mg	350.00 USD

Product Specification

CAS NUMBER:	11089-65-9
MERCK INDEX:	14: 9819
RTECS:	YO7980200
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Streptomyces lysosuperficus.
PURITY:	≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white powder.
PURITY DETAIL:	Mixture of tunicamycin A, B, C and D.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in methanol or DMSO (50mg/ml).
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
HAZARD:	VERY TOXIC.

Product Description

Nucleoside antibiotic that blocks the formation of protein N-glycosidic linkages by inhibiting the transfer of N-acetylglucosamine 1-phosphate to dolichol monophosphate. Induces ER-stress following the inhibition of N-linked glycosylation.

Product Specific Literature References

Isolation and structures of components of Tunicamycin: T. Ito, et al.; Agric. Biol. Chem. 44, 695 (1980)
Separation of tunicamycin homologues by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography: W.C. Mahoney & D. Duksin; J. Chromatogr. 198, 506 (1980) Abstract
Relationship of the structure and biological activity of the natural homologues of tunicamycin: D. Duksin & W.C. Mahoney; J. Biol. Chem. 257, 3105 (1982) Abstract; Full Text
Tunicamycin inhibits the expression of functional thrombin receptors on human T-lymphoblastoid cells: A. Tordai, et al.; BBRC 206, 857 (1995) Abstract
Tunicamycin, a new antibiotic. I. Isolation and characterization of tunicamycin: A. Takatsuki, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 24, 215 (1971) Abstract
Tunicamycin inhibits NMDA and AMPA receptor responses independently of N-glycosylation: K. Maruo, et al.; Brain Res. 977, 294 (2003) Abstract
Tunicamycin enhances tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-induced apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells: T. Shiraishi, et al.; Cancer Res. 65, 6364 (2005) Abstract
Novel potential of tunicamycin as an activator of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor -- dioxin responsive element signaling pathway: K. Horikawa, et al.; FEBS Lett. 580, 3721 (2006) Abstract
Tunicamycin sensitizes human melanoma cells to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-induced apoptosis by up-regulation of TRAIL-R2 via the unfolded protein response: C.C. Jiang, et al.; Cancer Res. 67, 5880 (2007) Abstract
Glycosylation modulates TRAIL-R1/death receptor 4 protein: different regulations of two pro-apoptotic receptors for TRAIL by tunicamycin: T. Yoshida, et al.; Oncol. Rep. 18, 1239 (2007) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Endoplasmatic Reticulum Stress • Autophagy Other Products

ALX-380-051

Revised 20-Jun-08

Anisomycin
SYNONYMS	2-(p-Methoxybenzyl)-3,4-pyrrolidinediol-3-acetate
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Antibiotics - Other Signal Transduction Pathway Modulators

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-380-051-M010		10 mg	35.00 USD
ALX-380-051-M050		50 mg	140.00 USD
ALX-380-051-M100		100 mg	250.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₁₄H₁₉NO₄
MW:	265.3
CAS NUMBER:	22862-76-6
MERCK INDEX:	14: 670
RTECS:	BZ9800000
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Streptomyces griseolus.
PURITY:	≥98% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	White crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO (25mg/ml), 100% ethanol, methanol or ethyl acetate (10mg/ml).
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	-20°C
HAZARD:	TOXIC.

Product Description

Antibiotic. Activator of p38 and MAP kinases. Synergistic with growth factors and phorbol esters to superinduce cFos and cJun, by acting as a potent signalling agonist. Induces apoptosis in the human monoblastoid cell line. Used in the eradication of bean mildew. Inhibits other pathogenic fungi in plants.

Product Specific Literature References

Anisomycin, a new anti-protozoan antibiotic: B. A. Sobin & F. W. Tanner; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 76, 4053 (1954)
DNA fragmentation and cytolysis in U937 cells treated with diphtheria toxin or other inhibitors of protein synthesis: S.K. Kochi & R.J. Collier; Exp. Cell. Res. 208, 296 (1993) Abstract
The stress-activated protein kinase subfamily of c-Jun kinases: J.M. Kyriakis, et al.; Nature 369, 156 (1994) Abstract
Role of SAPK/ERK kinase-1 in the stress-activated pathway regulating transcription factor c-Jun: I. Sanchez, et al.; Nature 372, 794 (1994) Abstract
Anisomycin and rapamycin define an area upstream of p70/85S6k containing a bifurcation to histone H3-HMG-like protein phosphorylation and c-fos-c-jun induction: E. Kardalinou, et al.; Mol. Cell. Biol. 14, 1066 (1994) Abstract
Protein synthesis inhibitor phase shifts vasopressin rhythms in long- term suprachiasmatic cultures: K. Shinohara & T. Oka; NeuroReport 5, 2201 (1994) Abstract
Anisomycin selectively desensitizes signalling components involved in stress kinase activation and fos and jun induction: C.A. Hazzalin, et al.; Mol Cell Biol 18, 1844 (1998) Abstract
Anisomycin treatment paradigm affects duration of long-term potentiation in slices of the amygdala: P. Okulski, et al.; Neuroscience 114, 1 (2002) Abstract
Downregulation of Ski and SnoN co-repressors by anisomycin: A. Vazquez-Macias, et al.; FEBS Lett. 579, 3701 (2005) Abstract
Anisomycin and the reconsolidation hypothesis: J.W. Rudy, et al.; Learn. Mem. 13, 1 (2006), Review Abstract
A chemical screen identifies anisomycin as an anoikis sensitizer that functions by decreasing FLIP protein synthesis: I.A. Mawji, et al.; Cancer Res. 67, 8307 (2007) Abstract
Anisomycin abrogates repression of protooncogene c-fos transcription in E1A + cHa-ras-transformed cells through activation of MEK/ERK kinase cascade: A. N. Kukushkin, et al.; J. Cell. Biochem. 103, 1005 (2008) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

MAPK Pathway Activators • Antibiotics - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • JNK [SAPK1] / Related Products

ALX-380-053

Revised 19-Jun-08

Cerulenin
SYNONYMS	2,3-Epoxy-4-oxo-7,10-dodecadienamide
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Antibiotics - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-380-053-M005		5 mg	60.00 USD
ALX-380-053-M010		10 mg	110.00 USD
ALX-380-053-M050		50 mg	420.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₁₂H₁₇NO₃
MW:	223.3
CAS NUMBER:	17397-89-6
MERCK INDEX:	14: 2004
RTECS:	JR1670000
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Cephalosporium caerulens.
PURITY:	≥98%
APPEARANCE:	White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO, dimethyl formamide, dichloromethane, methanol, 100% ethanol or acetone; slighly soluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light.
HAZARD:	HARMFUL.

Product Description

Antibiotic. Fatty acid synthase (FAS) inhibitor reported to bind in equimolar ratio to β-keto-acyl-ACP synthase, thus inhibiting protein acylation. Produces metabolic effects similar to effects of leptin, but through mechanisms that are independent of, or down-stream from, both leptin and melanocortin receptors. Apoptosis inducer. Inhibitor of bacterial fatty acid synthesis (inhibits FabH, FabB and FabF condensation enzymes).

Product Specific Literature References

Studies on cerulenin, 3. Isolation and physico-chemical properties of cerulenin: Y. Sato, et al.; J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 200, 344 (1967) Abstract
Effect of cerulenin on the synthesis of very-long-chain fatty acids in microsomes from leek seedlings: F. Schneider, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1152, 243 (1993) Abstract
Cerulenin-resistant mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with an altered fatty acid synthase gene: J. Inokashi, et al.; Mol. Gen. Genet. 244, 90 (1994) Abstract
Cerulenin mimics effects of leptin on metabolic rate, food intake, and body weight independent of the melanocortin system, but unlike leptin, cerulenin fails to block neuroendocrine effects of fasting: H. Makimura, et al.; Diabetes 50, 733 (2001) Abstract; Full Text
Key role of mitochondria in cerulenin-mediated apoptosis: S.J. Heiligtag, et al.; Cell Death Differ. 9, 1017 (2002) Abstract
Fatty acid synthase inhibitors cerulenin and C75 retard growth and induce caspase-dependent apoptosis in human melanoma A-375 cells: T.S. Ho, et al.; Biomed. Pharmacother. 61, 578 (2007) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Fatty Acid Synthase [FAS] / Related Products

ALX-380-058

Revised 20-Oct-08

Citrinin
SYNONYMS	Antimycin
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Antibiotics Other Products

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-380-058-M001		1 mg	15.00 USD
ALX-380-058-M005		5 mg	60.00 USD
ALX-380-058-M010		10 mg	105.00 USD
ALX-380-058-M025		25 mg	210.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₁₃H₁₄O₅
MW:	250.3
CAS NUMBER:	518-75-2
MERCK INDEX:	14: 2327
RTECS:	DJ2275000
SOURCE/HOST:	Isolated from Penicillium citrinum.
PURITY:	≥97% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE:	Yellow crystalline solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in 100% ethanol, methanol, dioxane, pyridine or dichlormethane; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
USE/STABILITY:	Solutions change color with changes in pH from yellow (pH 4.6) to red (pH 9.9).
HAZARD:	TOXIC.
MELTINGPOINT:	110-112°C

Product Description

Antibiotic. Induces mitochondrial permeability pore opening and inhibits respiration by interfering with complex I of the respiratory chain. Mycotoxin. Acts as nephrotoxin in all species in which it has been tested. Has been implicated as a cause of Balkan nephropathy and yellow rice fever in humans. Induces apoptosis.

Product Specific Literature References

Mechanism of citrinin-induced dysfunction of mitochondria. III. Effects on renal cortical and liver mitochondrial swelling: G.M. Chagas, et al.; J. Appl. Toxicol. 15, 91 (1995) Abstract
Mycotoxins: J.W. Bennett & M. Klich; Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 16, 497 (2003) Abstract
Citrinin induces apoptosis in HL-60 cells via activation of the mitochondrial pathway: F.Y. Yu, et al.; Toxicol. Lett. 161, 143 (2006) Abstract
Citrinin induces apoptosis via a mitochondria-dependent pathway and inhibition of survival signals in embryonic stem cells, and causes developmental injury in blastocysts: W.H. Chan; Biochem. J. 404, 317 (2007) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

Respiratory Chain Other Products • Antibiotics - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • Mycotoxins

ALX-380-060

Revised 11-Jul-08

Tetracycline . hydrochloride
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Other Antibiotics - DNA Regulation / Transcription

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-380-060-G005		5 g	20.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₂₂H₂₄N₂O₈ . HCl
MW:	444.5 . 36.5
CAS NUMBER:	64-75-5
MERCK INDEX:	14: 9196
RTECS:	QI9100000
APPEARANCE:	Yellow solid.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in water, methanol or 100% ethanol.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
HANDLING:	Protect from light and moisture.
HAZARD:	IRRITANT.

Product Description

Broad-spectrum antibiotic with anti-inflammatory activity. Blocks bacterial protein synthesis by inhibiting binding of aminoacyl tRNA to A-site of ribosomes. Tetracycline-controlled systems are used to control gene expression on transgenic mice. Marker of bone formation.

Product Specific Literature References

Clinical and laboratory observations of a new antibiotic, tetracycline: M. Finland, et al.; J. Am. Med. Assoc. 154, 561 (1954) Abstract
Tetracycline antibiotics: mode of action, applications, molecular biology, and epidemiology of bacterial resistance: I. Chopra & M. Roberts; Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 65, 232 (2001) Abstract
Tetracyclines: nonantibiotic properties and their clinical implications: A. N. Sapadin & R. Fleischmajer; J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 54, 258 (2006) Abstract
A novel tetracycline labeling schedule for longitudinal evaluation of the short-term effects of anabolic therapy with a single iliac crest bone biopsy: early actions of teriparatide: R. Lindsay, et al.; J. Bone Miner. Res. 21, 366 (2006) Abstract
Tetracycline-controlled genetic switches: R. Sprengel & M. T. Hasan; Handb. Exp. Pharmacol. 178, 49 (2007) Abstract
Anti-inflammatory activity of tetracyclines: G. Webster & J. Q. Del Rosso; Dermatol. Clin. 25, 133 (2007) Abstract

Further Categories Containing This Product:

ALX-380-064

Revised 08-Oct-08

WP631 . dihydrochloride
PRODUCT LINE	Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY	Other Antibiotics - DNA Regulation / Transcription

Ordering Information

Product Numbers:	Format:	Size:	Unit Price:	Quantity:	Add To Cart
ALX-380-064-C100		100 µg	60.00 USD
ALX-380-064-M001		1 mg	240.00 USD

Product Specification

FORMULA:	C₆₂H₆₄O₂₀N₂ . 2HCl
MW:	1157.2 . 73.0
PURITY:	≥95%
APPEARANCE:	Off-white to red powder.
SOLUBILITY:	Soluble in DMSO or dimethyl formamide.
SHIPPING:	AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE:	+4°C
USE/STABILITY:	Dissolve the compound in DMSO or dimethyl formamide at 20mg/ml, then add water (or 5% dextrose, PBS, etc.) to bring it to a final concentration of 1mg/ml (5% DMSO or dimethyl formamide).
HANDLING:	Keep cool and dry.
HAZARD:	HARMFUL. MAY BE CARCINOGENIC.

Product Description

Synthetic fluorescent bisintercalating anthracycline antibiotic with ultratight binding properties to DNA. Inhibits Sp1-initiated transcription at nanomolar concentrations. Appears to overcome MRP-mediated multidrug resistance. Induces apoptosis. Licenced product covered by US Patent 5,874,412. Sold with permission of Houston Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Product Specific Literature References

Structure-based design of a new bisintercalating anthracycline antibiotic: J.B. Chaires, et al.; J. Med. Chem. 40, 261 (1997) Abstract
Structure of a D