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Inflammation
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ALX-301-013 Revised 08-Jul-08
Azelaoyl-PAF
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SYNONYMS 1-O-Hexadecyl-2-O-(9-carboxyoctanoyl)-sn-glyceryl-3-phosphocholine
PRODUCT LINE Inflammation
PRODUCT CATEGORY Platelet Activating Factors [PAF] & Receptors / Related Products
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-301-013-M001   1 mg 58.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-301-013-M005   5 mg 261.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C33H66NO9P
MW: 651.9
SOURCE/HOST: Synthetic.
PURITY: ≥98%
FORMULATION: Liquid. Solution in ethanol.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO (8mg/ml) or dimethyl formamide (33mg/ml) or PBS, pH 7.2 (10mg/ml).
SHIPPING: SHIPPED ON BLUE ICE
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
USE/STABILITY: Stable for at least 1 year after receipt when stored at -20°C. We do not recommend storing aqueous solutions for more than one day.

Product Description
Potent PPARγ agonist which competes for the thiazoladinedione binding site. More potent than 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 (Prod. No. ALX-340-022) and equipotent with rosiglitazone (Prod. No. ALX-350-125) as a ligand for this receptor.
Product Specific Literature References
Oxidized alkyl phospholipids are specific, high affinity peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands and agonists: S.S. Davies, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 276, 16015 (2001) Abstract; Full Text
General Information
BACKGROUND/TECHNICAL INFORMATION To change the solvent, evaporate the ethanol under a gentle stream of nitrogen and immediately add the solvent of choice.
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Phospholipids / Related Products • PPAR Agonists
 
 
ALX-260-050 Revised 18-Jan-05
BAADT
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SYNONYMS Granzyme B Substrate (Chromogenic)
Boc-AAD-SBzl
PRODUCT LINE Cell Death / Apoptosis / Autophagy
PRODUCT CATEGORY Caspase Substrates
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-260-050-M001   1 mg 110.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-260-050-M005   5 mg 410.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
SEQUENCE: Boc-Ala-Ala-Asp-SBzl
FORMULA: C22H31N3O7S
MW: 481.6
PURITY: ≥96% (HPLC).
Single spot (TLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white crystalline powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Very hygroscopic.
Product Description
Chromogenic substrate for granzyme B. λmax is at 405nm.
Product Specific Literature References
Human and murine cytotoxic T lymphocyte serine proteases: subsite mapping with peptide thioester substrates and inhibition of enzyme activity and cytolysis by isocoumarins: S. Odake, et al.; Biochemistry 30, 2217 (1991) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Granzyme Substrates
 
 
ALX-385-022 Revised 07-Oct-08
Baicalein
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SYNONYMS 5,6,7-Trihydroxyflavone
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Flavones
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-385-022-M005   5 mg 25.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-385-022-M025   25 mg 100.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C15H10O5
MW: 270.2
CAS NUMBER: 491-67-8
MERCK INDEX: 14: 942
PURITY: ≥97%
APPEARANCE: Yellow to yellow-green crystalline powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol or methanol; almost insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light.
HAZARD: IRRITANT.

Product Description
Inhibitor of 12-lipoxygenase, leukotriene biosynthesis and the release of lysosomal enzymes. Inhibits cellular Ca2+ uptake and calcium mobilization. Inhibitor of protein tyrosine kinase in leukemia (CEM) cells. Induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Anti-inflammatory compound. Has anti-thrombotic, anti-proliferative and anti-mitogenic effects.
Product Specific Literature References
Specific action of the lipoxygenase pathway in mediating angiotensin II- induced aldosterone synthesis in isolated adrenal glomerulosa cells: J.L. Nadler, et al.; J. Clin. Invest. 80, 1763 (1987) Abstract
Inhibition of reverse transcriptase activity by a flavonoid compound, 5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone: K. Ono, et al.; BBRC 160, 982 (1989) Abstract
Biliary excretion of metabolites of baicalin and baicalein in rats: K. Abe, et al.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38, 209 (1990) Abstract
Effects of baicalein and esculetin on transduction signals and growth factors expression in T-lymphoid leukemia cells: H.C. Huang, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 268, 73 (1994) Abstract
Protective effects of baicalein against cell damage by reactive oxygen species: D. Gao, et al.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. (Tokyo) 46, 1383 (1998) Abstract
Baicalein induces a dual growth arrest by modulating multiple cell cycle regulatory molecules
: S.L. Hsu, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 425, 165 (2001) Abstract
Mechanisms in mediating the anti-inflammatory effects of baicalin and baicalein in human leukocytes: Y.C. Shen, et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 465, 171 (2003) Abstract
Baicalein induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human lung squamous carcinoma CH27 cells: H.Z. Lee, et al.; Anticancer Res. 25, 959 (2005) Abstract
Biological properties of baicalein in cardiovascular system: Y. Huang, et al.; Curr. Drug Targets Cardiovasc. Haematol. Disord. 5, 177 (2005), (Review) Abstract
Baicalein inhibition of hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis via ROS-dependent heme oxygenase 1 gene expression: H.Y. Lin, et al.; Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1773, 1073 (2007) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Leukotrienes Other Products • Natural Products - Protein Kinase Inhibitors • Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors • Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents • Natural Products for Angiogenesis Research • Lipoxygenases / Related Products • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • Natural Products - Antioxidants • Natural Products - Antiviral / anti-HIV Agents • Cell Cycle Blockers & Inhibitors / Related Products • Natural Products for Cell Cycle Research
 
 
ALX-270-219 Revised 15-May-07
BAY 11-7082
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SYNONYMS (E)-3-(4-Methylphenylsulfonyl)-2-propenenenitrile
PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-270-219-M010   10 mg 45.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-270-219-M050   50 mg 190.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C10H9NO2S
MW: 207.3
CAS NUMBER: 195462-67-7
PURITY: ≥99%
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO, 100% ethanol, methanol or methylene dichloride; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light. Keep under inert gas.

Product Description
Inhibitor of cytokine induced IκBα phosphorylation resulting thereby in a decreased expression of NF-κB and adhesion molecules. Potential anti-inflammatory agent.
Product Specific Literature References
Novel inhibitor of cytokine-induced IkBa phosphorylation and endothelial cell adhesion molecule expression show anti-inflammatory effects in vivo: J.W. Pierce, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 272, 21096 (1997) Abstract; Full Text
Inhibition of NF-kappaB induces apoptosis of KSHV-infected primary effusion lymphoma cells: S.A. Keller, et al.; Blood 96, 2537 (2000) Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-I protects colon cancer cells from death factor-induced apoptosis by potentiating tumor necrosis factor alpha- induced mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor kappaB signaling pathways: M.M. Remacle-Bonnet, et al.; Cancer Res. 60, 2007 (2000) Abstract
Up-regulation of multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein via nuclear factor- kappaB activation protects kidney proximal tubule cells from cadmium- and reactive oxygen species-induced apoptosis: F. Thevenod, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 275, 1887 (2000) Abstract; Full Text
Neuronal injury-induced expression and release of apolipoprotein E in mixed neuron/glia co-cultures: nuclear factor kappaB inhibitors reduce basal and lesion-induced secretion of apolipoprotein E: V. Petegnief, et al.; Neuroscience 104, 223 (2001) Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 promotes microglial activation, proliferation, and matrix metalloproteinase-9-mediated neuron death: T.M. Kauppinen & R.A. Swanson; J. Immunol. 174, 2288 (2005) Abstract; Full Text
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Anti-inflammatory Agents Other Products
 
 
ALX-270-220 Revised 04-Nov-05
BAY 11-7085
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SYNONYMS (E)-3-(t-Butylphenylsulfonyl)-2-propenenitrile
PRODUCT LINE Signal Transduction
PRODUCT CATEGORY NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors
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Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-270-220-M010   10 mg 60.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C13H15NO2S
MW: 249.3
CAS NUMBER: 196309-76-9
PURITY: ≥98%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white crystalline powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO or ethanol; insoluble in water.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: -20°C
HANDLING: Protect from light. Keep under inert gas.

Product Description
Has biological properties very similar to those of BAY 11-7082 (Prod. No. ALX-270-219). In addition, the product exhibits potent anti-inflammatory properties in vivo.
Product Specific Literature References
Novel inhibitors of cytokine-induced IkappaBalpha phosphorylation and endothelial cell adhesion molecule expression show anti-inflammatory effects in vivo: J.W. Pierce, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 272, 21096 (1997) Abstract; Full Text
Pharmacologic interference with NF-kappaB activation attenuates central nervous system complications in experimental Pneumococcal meningitis: U. Koedel, et al.; J. Infect Dis. 182, 1437 (2000) Abstract
Neuronal injury-induced expression and release of apolipoprotein E in mixed neuron/glia co-cultures: nuclear factor kappaB inhibitors reduce basal and lesion-induced secretion of apolipoprotein E: V. Petegnief, et al.; Neuroscience 104, 223 (2001) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Anti-inflammatory Agents Other Products
 
 
ALX-350-094 Revised 24-Jul-08
Berberine . hemisulfate
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SYNONYMS Natural Yellow 18
5,6-Dihydro-9,10-dimethoxybenzo[g]-1,3-benzodioxolo[5,6-a]quinolizinium
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products with Antibiotic Activity
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ALX-350-094-G001   1 g 15.00 USD Add To Cart
Product Specification
FORMULA: C20H18NO4 . 0.5SO4
MW: 336.4 . 48.0
CAS NUMBER: 633-66-9
MERCK INDEX: 14: 1154
RTECS: DR9867000
PURITY: ≥98% (TLC)
APPEARANCE: Off-white to yellow powder.
SOLUBILITY: 50mg/ml soluble in methanol:water 2:1.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +20°C
HAZARD: TOXIC.
IDENTITY: Determined by IR: Identical to standard reference.

Product Description
Alkaloid which exhibits relatively weak antibiotic properties, because of its efflux by multidrug resistance pumps. The antimicrobial action of berberine is potentiated by 5’-methoxyhydnocarpin, a multidrug pump inhibitor. Lowers cholesterol levels through a mechanism different from that of statins. Upregulates the expression of liver low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) resulting in improved clearance of plasma LDL cholesterol through receptor mediated endocytosis. Possesses anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-angiogenic effects. Induces apoptosis.
Product Specific Literature References
Berberine sulfate: antimicrobial activity, bioassay, and mode of action: A.H. Amin, et al.; Can. J. Microbiol. 15, 1067 (1969) Abstract
Bacteria lacking a multidrug pump: a sensitive tool for drug discovery: P.C. Hsieh, et al.; PNAS 95, 6602 (1998) Abstract; Full Text
Synergy in a medicinal plant: antimicrobial action of berberine potentiated by 5’-methoxyhydnocarpin, a multidrug pump inhibitor: F.R. Stermitz, et al.; PNAS 97, 1433 (2000) Abstract; Full Text
Berberine is a novel cholesterol-lowering drug working through a unique mechanism distinct from statins: W. Kong, et al.; Nat. Med. 10, 1344 (2004) Abstract
The anti-inflammatory potential of berberine in vitro and in vivo: C.L. Kuo, et al.; Cancer Lett. 203, 127 (2004) Abstract
Therapeutic effects of berberine in impaired glucose tolerance rats and its influence on insulin secretion: S.H. Leng, et al.; Acta Pharmacol. Sin. 25, 496 (2004) Abstract
Berberine inhibits HIF-1alpha expression via enhanced proteolysis: S. Lin, et al.; Mol. Pharmacol. 66, 612 (2004) Abstract
Apoptosis of human leukemia HL-60 cells and murine leukemia WEHI-3 cells induced by berberine through the activation of caspase-3: C.C. Lin, et al.; Anticancer Res. 26, 227 (2006) Abstract
Berberine acutely inhibits insulin secretion from beta cells through cAMP signaling pathway: L. Zhou, et al.; Endocrinology (2008) Abstract
Berberine modifies cysteine 179 of IkappaBalpha kinase, suppresses nuclear factor-kappaB-regulated antiapoptotic gene products, and potentiates apoptosis.: M.K. Pandey, et al.; Cancer Res. 68, 5370 (2008) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Natural Products - Chemopreventive Agents • Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents • Antidiabetic Agents / Related Products • Cholesterol & Lipid Transport / Related Products • Alkaloids
 
 
ALX-350-277 Revised 03-Apr-08
Betulinic acid (high purity)
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SYNONYMS 3β-Hydroxy-20(29)-lupaene-28-oic acid
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Antitumor Reagents
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-350-277-M005   5 mg 32.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-277-M025   25 mg 95.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-277-M100   100 mg 290.00 USD Add To Cart
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Product Specification
FORMULA: C30H48O3
MW: 456.7
CAS NUMBER: 472-15-1
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Platanus acerifolia (plane) tree bark.
PURITY: ≥99%
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C
HANDLING: Keep cool and dry.
HAZARD: IRRITANT.

Product Description
Antitumor and anti-HIV agent. Induces apoptosis by activating mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). Inhibits NF-κB activation and NF-κB-regulated gene expression induced by carcinogens and inflammatory stimuli. Decreases expression of Bcl-2 and cyclin D1. Potent proteasome activator.
Product Specific Literature References
Anti-AIDS agents, 11. Betulinic acid and platanic acid as anti-HIV principles from Syzigium claviflorum, and the anti-HIV activity of structurally related triterpenoids: T. Fujioka, et al.; J. Nat. Prod. 57, 243 (1994) Abstract
Discovery of betulinic acid as a selective inhibitor of human melanoma that functions by induction of apoptosis: E. Pisha, et al.; Nat. Med. 1, 1046 (1995) Abstract
Betulinic acid and dihydrobetulinic acid derivatives as potent anti-HIV agents: Y. Kashiwada, et al.; J. Med. Chem. 39, 1016 (1996) Abstract
Betulinic acid triggers CD95 (APO-1/Fas)- and p53-independent apoptosis via activation of caspases in neuroectodermal tumors: S. Fulda, et al.; Cancer Res. 57, 4956 (1997) Abstract
Anti-AIDS agents--XXVII. Synthesis and anti-HIV activity of betulinic acid and dihydrobetulinic acid derivatives: F. Hashimoto, et al.; Bioorg. Med. Chem. 5, 2133 (1997) Abstract
Induction of p53 without increase in p21WAF1 in betulinic acid-mediated cell death is preferential for human metastatic melanoma: M. Rieber & M. Strasberg Rieber; DNA Cell Biol. 17, 399 (1998) Abstract
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis in human neuroblastoma cell lines: M.L. Schmidt, et al.; Eur. J. Cancer 33, 2007 (1997) Abstract
Activation of mitochondria and release of mitochondrial apoptogenic factors by betulinic acid: S. Fulda, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 273, 33942 (1998) Abstract; Full Text
Betulinic acid inhibits aminopeptidase N activity: M.F. Melzig & H. Bormann; Planta Med. 64, 655 (1998) Abstract
Correspondence re: S. Fulda et al., Betulinic acid triggers CD95 (Apo1/Fas)- and p53-independent apoptosis via activation of caspases in neuroectodermal tumors. Cancer Res., 57: 4956, 1997: M. Rieber & M. Strasberg Rieber; Cancer. Res. 58, 5876 (1998) Abstract
Betulinic acid: a new cytotoxic agent against malignant brain-tumor cells: S. Fulda, et al.; Int. J. Cancer 82, 435 (1999) Abstract
Betulinic acid-induced apoptosis in glioma cells: A sequential requirement for new protein synthesis, formation of reactive oxygen species, and caspase processing: W. Wick, et al.; J Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 289, 1306 (1999) Abstract; Full Text
Effects of betulinic acid alone and in combination with irradiation in human melanoma cells: E. Selzer, et al.; J. Invest. Dermatol. 114, 935 (2000) Abstract
Betulinic acid suppresses carcinogen-induced NF-kappa B activation through inhibition of I kappa B alpha kinase and p65 phosphorylation: abrogation of cyclooxygenase-2 and matrix metalloprotease-9: Y. Takada & B.B. Aggarwal; J. Immunol. 171, 3278 (2003) Abstract
Inhibition of IkappaB kinase activity by acetyl-boswellic acids promotes apoptosis in androgen-independent PC-3 prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo: T. Syrovets, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 280, 6170 (2005) Abstract
Induction of central signalling pathways and select functional effects in human platelets by beta-boswellic acid: D. Poeckel, et al.; Br. J. Pharmacol. 146, 514 (2005) Abstract
Betulinic acid and its derivatives: a review on their biological properties: P. Yogeeswari and D. Sriram; Curr. Med. Chem. 12, 657 (2005), Review Abstract
Betulinic acid and its derivatives, potent DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors, from the bark of Bischofia javanica: S. Wada & R. Tanaka; Chem. Biodivers. 2, 689 (2005) Abstract
Betulinic acid as new activator of NF-kappaB: molecular mechanisms and implications for cancer therapy: H. Kasperczyk, et al.; Oncogene 24, 6945 (2005) Abstract
Activation and inhibition of the proteasome by betulinic acid and its derivatives: L. Huang, et al.; FEBS Lett. 581, 4955 (2007) Abstract
Further Categories Containing This Product:
Other Natural Products - DNA Regulation / Transcription • Natural Products - NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors • MPTP [Mitochondrial Transition Pore] / Related Products • Natural Products - Anti-inflammatory Agents • NF-kB Pathway Inhibitors • Antitumor Agents (Apoptosis Inducers) • Natural Products - Antiviral / anti-HIV Agents • Natural Products - Apoptosis Inducers & Inhibitors • HIV / AIDS / Related Products
 
 
ALX-350-298 Revised 03-Apr-08
Betulinic acid (~95%)
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SYNONYMS 3β-Hydroxy-20(29)-lupaene-28-oic acid
PRODUCT LINE Natural Products / Antibiotics
PRODUCT CATEGORY Natural Products - Antitumor Reagents
Ordering Information
Product Numbers: Format: Size: Unit Price: Quantity: Add To Cart
ALX-350-298-M100   100 mg 55.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-298-M500   500 mg 180.00 USD Add To Cart
ALX-350-298-G001   1 g 290.00 USD Add To Cart
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Product Specification
FORMULA: C30H48O3
MW: 456.7
CAS NUMBER: 472-15-1
SOURCE/HOST: Isolated from Platanus acerifolia (plane tree) bark.
PURITY: ≥95% (HPLC)
APPEARANCE: White to off-white powder.
SOLUBILITY: Soluble in DMSO.
SHIPPING: AMBIENT
LONG TERM STORAGE: +4°C

Product Description
Antitumor and anti-HIV agent. Induces apoptosis by activating mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). Inhibits NF-κB activation and NF-κB-regulated gene expression induced by carcinogens and inflammatory stimuli. Decreases expression of Bcl-2 and cyclin D1. Potent proteasome activator.
Product Specific Literature References
Anti-AIDS agents, 11. Betulinic acid and platanic acid as anti-HIV principles from Syzigium claviflorum, and the anti-HIV activity of structurally related triterpenoids: T. Fujioka, et al.; J. Nat. Prod. 57, 243 (1994) Abstract
Discovery of betulinic acid as a selective inhibitor of human melanoma that functions by induction of apoptosis: E. Pisha, et al.; Nat. Med. 1, 1046 (1995) Abstract
Betulinic acid and dihydrobetulinic acid derivatives as potent anti-HIV agents: Y. Kashiwada, et al.; J. Med. Chem. 39, 1016 (1996) Abstract
Betulinic acid triggers CD95 (APO-1/Fas)- and p53-independent apoptosis via activation of caspases in neuroectodermal tumors: S. Fulda, et al.; Cancer Res. 57, 4956 (1997) Abstract
Anti-AIDS agents--XXVII. Synthesis and anti-HIV a